Chapter III: Part 3

=Knight, Charles.= 1791-1873. Shakespearean scholar and miscellaneous writer. Author of a Pictorial Hist. England, etc. Editor of a Pictorial Shakespeare, etc. _See Passages from the Life of (pub. Put.)._ _Pub. Fu. Lip. Por._

=Knight, Richard Payne.= 1750-1824. Poet and antiquary. His verse is worthless, but his archaeological works are much esteemed. _See edition, 1874, N. Y._

=Knolles [n[=o]lz], Richard.= 1540-1610. Historian. His Hist. of the Turks was much praised by Dr. Johnson and Hallam.

=Knowles, Herbert.= 1798-1817. Religious poet.

=Knowles, James Sheridan.= 1794-1862. Irish dramatist. His best tragedies are Caius Gracchus, Virginius, and Wm. Tell. The Hunchback is his finest comedy. While his works will not bear severe criticism, they are popular and among the best acting of modern plays. _See edition, 1873._

=Knowles, Richard Brinsley.= 1819?-1882. Son to J. S. K. Journalist and historical writer. Was author of the comedy The Maiden Aunt.

=Knox, Mrs. Craig.= See Craig-Knox.

=Knox, John.= 1505-1572. Scotch theologian. Author Hist. Reformation in Scotland, and First Blast Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women. _See Lives by Smeaton, 1572; McCrie, 1812; Niemeyer, 1824; Laing, 1847, and Brandes, 1863._ _See Fraser's Mag. April, 1875; also Lorimer's John Knox and the Church of England._

=Knox, Vicesimus.= 1752-1821. Essayist. Author Winter Evenings, Family Lect., etc.

=Knox, Wm.= 1789-1825. Scotch poet. Best remembered for his poem "O why should the spirit of mortal be proud!" _Pub. Le._

=Kyd, Thomas.= fl. c. 1590. Dramatist. Author Hieronimo, The Spanish Tragedy, etc. _See Lamb's Dramatic Poets._

=Kynaston, Francis.= 1587-1642. Poet.

=Laffan, May.= 18-- ----. Novelist. Author Hogan, M. P., Flitters, Tatters and the Counsellor, Christy Carew, and The Honorable Miss Ferrard. _Pub. Ho. Mac._

=Lang, David.= 1793-1878. Librarian and bibliographer. A literary student of great diligence, and editor and author of some two hundred and fifty works.

=Laing, Malcolm.= 1762-1818. Scotch historian. Author Hist. of Scotland, etc. Style independent and truthful.

=Laing, Samuel.= 1780-1868. Traveler. Author Norway, Tour in Sweden, etc., and translator of the Heimskringla, or Chronicle of the Kings of Norway.

=Lamb, Caroline, Lady.= 1785-1828. Novelist. Author Glenarvon, Graham Hamilton, etc.

=Lamb, Charles.= 1775-1834. Essayist. A humorist who is unsurpassed for gentleness and purity of style. Essays of Elia, Rosamond Gray, a tale, John Woodvil, a drama; and Specimens of Old Eng. Dramatists are his chief works. Among the Essays Dream-Children is the most nearly perfect. _See Lives by Talfourd, Fitzgerald, and Procter._ _See Centenary edition of, 1875._ _Pub. Arm. Clx. Har. Lip. Rou._

=Lamb, Mary Anne.= 1765-1847. Sister to C. L. and co-author with him of Tales from Shakespeare, Poetry for Children, etc. _See W. Carew Hazlitt's edition of Poems, Letters, etc. of Chas. and Mary_ _Lamb, 1874; and Mary Lamb, by Anne Gilchrist, in Famous Women._

=Landon, Letitia Elizabeth= [Mrs. Maclean], 1802-1838. Poet and novelist. Her verse is melodious and delicate, but is lacking in force. _See Poems of, edited by W. B. Scott, 1873._ _See Life by L. Blanchard, 1841, and Living Age, Jan. 6, 1883._ _Pub. Apl._

=Landor, Walter Savage.= 1775-1864. Poet and prose writer. Author Gebir, Heroic Idyls, Hellenics, etc., and of numerous prose works, of which the Imaginary Conversations is the chief. A strong, original writer, self asserting and unrestrained. _See Forster's Life of, Stedman's Victorian Poets, Atlantic Monthly, April, May, and June, 1864, and Feb. 1883, H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches, and Landor, by Colvin, in Eng. Men of Letters._ _Pub. Lip. Rob._

=Lane, Edward Wm.= 1801-1876. Orientalist. Author Modern Egyptians, Arabic Lexicon, etc., and translator of the Arabian Nights. _Pub. Lit._

=Lang, Andrew.= 184 Poet. Author Ballads in Blue China, Helen of Troy, etc. _See Harper's Mag. May, 1882, "Some London Poets."_ _Pub. Mac._

=Langhorne, John.= 1735-1779. Poet and translator of Plutarch.

=Langland, Wm.= c. 1322-c. 1400. Poet. Author Vision of Piers Plowman, an allegorical, satirical poem, aimed at the corruptions of the church. _See edition by Wright, 1856; also Skeat's edition._ _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1._ _Pub. Mac._

=Lardner, Dionysius.= 1793-1859. Scientific writer.

=Lardner, Nathaniel.= 1684-1768. Theological writer. _See Collected Works, with Memoir by Kippis, 1788._

=Latham, Rob't Gordon.= 181 Ethnologist. Author Man and His Migrations, etc.

=Latimer, Hugh.= c. 1491-1555. Bp. Worcester. Theologian. His Sermons are rude but forcible and strongly idiomatic discourses. _See Corrie's edition. London, 4 vols. 8vo, 1845._ _See Life, by Demaus, 1869; and Tulloch's Leaders of the Reformation._

=Law, Wm.= 1686-1761. Theologian. Author Serious Call to a Higher Life, etc. _See Life, by Tighe, 1813._

=Lawrence, Geo. Alfred.= 1827-1876. Novelist. Author Guy Livingstone, Sword and Gown, Sans Merci, Anteros, Maurice Dering, etc. _Pub. Har. Lip._

=Layamon.= fl. c. 1200. Author The Brut, or Chronicle of Britain, a famous semi-Saxon poem. Style earnest and simple. _See F. Madden's edition, 1847._

=Layard [l[=a]-ard], Austen Henry.= 181 Archaeologist. Author Nineveh and its Remains, Monuments of Nineveh, etc. _Pub. Har._

=Lear, Edward.= 18-- ----. Author Journal of a Landscape Painter, Nonsense Book, etc. _Pub. Rob._

=Lecky, Wm. Edw. Hartpole.= 183 Irish historian. Author Hist. Rationalism, Hist. European Morals, Hist. England in the 18th Cent. etc. A careful, dignified writer who treats of history philosophically. _Pub. Apl._

=Lee, Frederick George.= 183 Theologian and poet. Author of Historical Sketches of the Reformation, Lyrics of Life and Light, etc. _See The Biograph, Aug. 1880._ _Pub. Dut._

=Lee, Harriet.= 1766-1851. Author [with Sophia L.] of the Canterbury Tales, a series of tales of much power. Byron's Werner is a version of one of them.

=Lee, Holme.= See Parr, Harriet.

=Lee, Nathaniel.= 1655-1692. Dramatist. Alexander the Great is one of his tragedies.

=Lee, Sophia.= 1750-1824. Novelist. Sister to H. L. Author of two of the Canterbury Tales, of several novels, and of the comedy The Chapter of Accidents.

=Lee, Wm.= 1815-1883. Irish theologian and ecclesiologist. His chief work is the Donnellan Lect. on the Inspiration of Scripture. A profound biblical scholar. _Pub. Ca._

=LeFanu, J. Sheridan.= ---- 1874. Novelist. Author All in the Dark, Tenants of Malory, etc. _Pub. Har._

=Leighton [l[=a]-ton], Rob't.= 1613-1684. Abp. Glasgow. Theologian. His style is still much admired. _See Pearson's edition, London, 1828, N. Y. 1859._ _Pub. Ca._

=L. E. L.= See Landon.

=Leland, John.= 1506-1552. Antiquarian. Author The Itinerary, etc.

=Lemon, Mark.= 1809-1870. Journalist, novelist, and dramatist. The Serious Family is his best known farce. Author Jest Book, etc. _Pub. Mac._

=Lempriere [l[)e]m'pr[)i]-er, or lem-preer'], John.= 1765-1824. Scholar of note. Author of a Classical Dict., and a Universal Biography. _Pub. Lip. Put. Rou._

=Lennox, Mrs. Charlotte.= 1720-1804. Novelist. Author Harriet Stuart and The Female Quixote.

=Lesley, John.= 1527-1596. Bp. Ross. Scotch historian. _See Thomson's Edition, 1830._

=Leslie, Chas.= 1650-1722. Irish theologian. Leslie wrote A Short and Easy Method with the Deists, a controversial work once noted.

=Leslie, Chas. Rob't.= 1794-1859. Artist. Author Handbook for Young Painters, Memoirs Sir John Constable, Life and Times Sir Joshua Reynolds, etc. _See Autobiographical Recollection of, edited by Tom Taylor, 1860._

=L'Estrange [l[)e]s-tr[=a]nj], Sir Roger.= 1616-1704. Political writer and translator.

=Lever [l[=e]'ver], Chas. James.= 1806-1872. Irish novelist. Author Harry Lorrequer, Charles O'Malley, etc., rollicking tales not greatly approved by the present taste. His later novels, like That Boy at Norcott's, etc., are soberer in tone. _Pub. Har._

=Lewes [l[=u]-is], Geo. Henry.= 1817-1878. Philosopher and critic. Author Problems of Life and Mind, Life of Goethe, Hist. of Philosophy, etc. _Pub. Apl. Ho. Hou._

=Lewes, Mrs. G. H.= See Evans, Marian.

=Lewis, Sir Geo. Cornwall.= 1806-1863. Political and historical writer. _See Letters of, 1870._

=Lewis, Matthew Gregory.= 1775-1818. Novelist. Famous as the author of The Monk, a fantastic, demoniac tale. _See Life and Correspondence, 1839._

=Leyden [li'den], John.= 1775-1811. Scotch poet and Orientalist. _See edition of his poems, 1858._

=Liddell [l[)i]d'del], Mrs. Catharine Christina Fraser-Tytler.= 184 Poet and novelist. Author Mistress Judith, Jonathan, Songs in Minor Keys, etc. _Pub. Ho. Mac._

=Liddell, Mrs. Edward.= See Liddell, Mrs. C.

=Liddell, Henry George.= 181 Classical scholar. Author of a Hist. of Rome, and co-author with Scott of the noted Greek lexicon known as Liddell-and-Scott's. _Pub. Har._

=Liddon, Henry, Parry.= 183 Theologian. Author Bampton Lect. 1867, University Sermons, Sermons to the People, etc. A leader of High Church thought. _Pub. Dut._

=Lightfoot, Joseph Barber.= 182 Bp. Durham. Biblical commentator. _Pub. Mac._

=Lillo, George.= 1693-1739. Dramatist. Author George Barnwell, Fatal Curiosity, and Arden of Feversham. A master of dramatic situations.

=Lindsay, Sir David.= 1490-1557. Scotch poet. _See Chalmers' edition with Life, 1806._ _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1._

=Lingard, John.= 1771-1859. Historian. Author Hist. England, Antiquities of the Anglo-Saxon Ch., etc. His history has a high rank and is valued as a fair statement of facts from a Roman Catholic standpoint. _Pub. Est._

=Linton, Mrs. Eliza Lynn.= 182 Novelist. Wife to W. J. L. Author Lizzie Lorton, Sowing the Wind, etc. _Pub. Har. Lip. Rou._

=Linton, Wm. James.= 181 Poet and Engraver. Author Claribel, Hist. Wood Engraving, Life Thos. Paine, etc. _See Stedman's Victorian Poets._ _Pub. Est. Le._

=Livingstone, David.= 1817-1873. African explorer. Author Expedition to the Zambesi, Last Journals, etc. _Pub. Har._

=Lloyd, Chas.= ---- 1839. Poet. Co-author with Chas. Lamb.

=Lloyd, Robert.= 1733-1764. Poet. _See Collected Works with Life, by Kenrick, 1774._

=Locke, John.= 1632-1704. Philosopher. Author of the famous Essay on the Understanding, a work of great penetration and power. _See Life by Fox-Bourne, and Locke, by T. Fowler in Eng. Men of Letters._ _Pub. Apl._

=Locker, Frederick.= 182 Poet. Author London Lyrics, etc. Style airy and graceful. _See Century Mag. Feb. 1883._

=Lockhart, John Gibson.= 1794-1854. Scotch critic and biographer. A writer of much talent and for 27 years editor of the Quarterly Rev.: author Lives of Nelson, Scott, Burns, Napoleon, etc. _See H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches._ _Pub. Har. Ho. Hou._

=Lockyer, Joseph Norman.= 183 Astronomer. Author Contributions to Solar Physics, etc. _Pub. Apl. Mac._

=Lodge, Edmund.= 1756-1839. Historian. Author Illustrations of British Hist., Portraits of Illustrious Persons of Gt. Britain, etc.

=Lodge, Thomas.= c. 1555-1625. Dramatist and Poet. To his novel Roslynde; Euphues Golden Legacy, Shakespeare owes the plot and incidents of As You Like It. _See As You Like It, Rolfe's edition, and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. I._

=Logan, John.= 1748-1788. Scotch poet. His verse is fresh and simple, and his Song to the Cuckoo has great beauty. _See edition 1805, with Life._

=Long, George.= 1800-1879. Classical scholar. Author Roman Law, Decline and Fall of the Roman Republic, etc.

=Loudon, Mrs. Jane.= 1800-1858. Wife to J. C. L. Author of The Mummy, a tale, and several horticultural works. _Pub. Rou. Wil._

=Loudon, John Claudius.= 1783-1843. Scotch horticulturist. His Arboretum Britannicum is his chief work.

=Lovelace, Sir Richard.= 1618-1658. Poet. His verse is principally amatory, and some of his songs are perfect of their kind. To Althea and To Lucasta are the most famous. _See Carew Hazlitt's edition of 1864, and Ward's English Poets, vol. 2._

=Lover, Samuel.= 1797-1868. Irish dramatist, novelist, and poet. Rory O'More and Handy Andy are his best known novels. His most famous song is Rory O'More. _See Life by Bayle Bernard, 1874, and Samuel Lover, by A. J. Symington._ _Pub. Por. Rou._

=Lower, Mark Antony.= 1813-1876. Author Eng. Surnames, Curiosities of Heraldry, Patronymica Britannica, etc.

=Lowndes, Wm. Thos.= ---- 1843. Bibliographer. Author British Librarian and The Bibliographer's Manual.

=Lowth [louth], Rob't.= 1710-1787. Bp. London. Son to W. L. A classical and theological writer of great learning. _See Life, by Peter Hall, 1834._

=Lowth, Wm.= 1661-1732. Theologian of note.

=Lubbock, Sir John.= 183 Naturalist. Author Origin of Civilization, Pre-Historic Times, British Wild Flowers, etc. _Pub. Apl. Mac._

=Lydgate, John.= 1370-1450. Poet. An exceedingly diffuse rhymer. _See minor works of pub. by the Percy Soc. 1842, and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. I._

=Lyell, Sir Chas.= 1797-1875. Geologist. Author Elements of Geology, Travels in N. America, Antiquity of Man, etc. _Pub. Apl. Har. Lip._

=Lyly or Lily, John.= 1553-1598. Dramatic poet. His dramas are forgotten, but his prose romance, Euphues and his England, is remembered for the great influence it had upon the speech of the time. L. was a reformer, though pedantic and fantastic. Euphuism has been ridiculed by Sydney, Jonson, Shakespeare, and Walter Scott. _See Collins's Hist. Dramatic Poetry, Lamb's Specimens Early Eng. Poets, and Chas. Kingsley's Westward Ho._

=Lyndsay.= See Lindsay, David.

=Lyte, Henry Francis.= 1793-1847. Poet. His hymn, Abide with Me, is widely known. _Pub. Le. Ran._

=Lyttleton, George, Lord.= 1709-1773. Author Dialogues of the Dead, Hist. Henry II., etc. _See Life, by Phillimore, 1845._

=Lytton.= See Bulwer-Lytton.

=Macaulay, Mrs. Catherine.= 1733-1791. Historian. Author Hist. of England during the Stuart dynasty, etc.

=Macaulay, Thos. Babington, Lord.= 1800-1859. Poet, essayist, and historian. A brilliant but partisan writer. The impetuous rush and vigor of his Lays of Ancient Rome obscure their poetical defects. His essays are numerous and cover a wide range. His Hist. of England is a superb piece of writing but it lacks the calm impartiality that a history should possess. _See Lines by Milman, F. Arnold and G. O. Trevelyan; Macaulay, by J. C. Morrison in Eng. Men of Letters; and H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches._ _Pub. Apl. Arm. Clx. Har. Hou. Lip. Lit. Por. Rou._

=MacDonald, George.= 182 Scotch novelist and poet. His work is all of an earnest, religious cast, but marred sometimes by mannerisms and vagueness of touch. Robert Falconer, Alec Forbes, and St. George and St. Michael are the best of his numerous novels. Phantastes contains some of his best poetry. _See Lit. World, May 19, 1883._ _Pub. Apl. Do. Har. Lip. Mac. Rob. Rou. Scr._

=Mackarness, Mrs. Henry.= 1826-1881. Author of the tale A Trap to Catch a Sunbeam, etc. _Pub. Rou._

=Mackay, Chas.= 181 Scotch poet and miscellaneous writer. Author Town Lyrics, etc. _See Poems of, edition 1876._ _Pub. Rou._

=Mackay, Wm.= 1803-1882. Philosopher. Author Progress of the Intellect, Eternal Gospel, etc.

=Mackenzie, Sir George.= 1636-1691. Scotch miscellaneous writer. A voluminous author of much eminence in his day.

=Mackenzie, Henry.= Scotch novelist and essayist. Author the famous novel, The Man of Feeling, etc. _See collected works, 1808._ _Pub. Har._

=Mackintosh, Sir James.= 1765-1832. Ethical and historical writer. _See Memoirs by his son._ _Pub. Har._

=Macklin, Chas.= 1690-1797. Irish dramatist. Author of the bright comedy, The Man of the World. M. appeared on the stage as an actor till nearly 100. _See Memoirs of, 1804._

=Macleod [m[)a]k-lowd'], Norman.= 1812-1872. Scotch miscellaneous writer. Author of The Starling, Reminiscences of a Highland Parish, etc. _See Life by his brother, and Memoir by Alex. Strahan._ _Pub. Do. Lip. Rou._

=Macneil, Hector.= 1746-1818. Scotch poet. Author Will and Jean, etc.

=Macpherson, James.= 1738-1796. Scotch poet. Supposed author of a series of poems purporting to be by Ossian, an ancient Gaelic bard. These forgeries were immensely popular in spite of their wild and over-strained diction. M. never revealed the secret of their authorship. _See H. Morley's Shorter Eng. Poems._

=Macquoid, Mrs. Katherine S.= 18-- ----. Novelist. Author Patty, Beside the River, Too Soon, etc., and several vols. of travel, Through Normandy, Through Brittany, etc. _Pub. Apl. Har. Lip. Mac. Ran. Rou._

=Madden, Richard Robert.= 179 Poet and miscellaneous writer. Author The Infirmities of Genius, etc.

=Magee, Wm.= 1765-1831. Abp. Dublin. Theologian. His best known work is the Discourses on the Atonement. _See complete works, 1842._

=Magee, Wm. Connor.= 182 Bp. Peterborough. Grandson to Wm. M. Religious writer. Author Sermons, Lectures, etc. Style eloquent and forcible.

=Maginn, Wm.= 1793-1842. Irish humorist. Style learned, witty, and brilliant. _See Works, edited by R. S. Mackenzie, 5 vols., N. Y. 1857._ _Pub. Wid._

=Mahaffey, John Peytland.= 183 Author Hist. Classical Greek Lit., Old Greek Life, Rambles and Studies in Greece, Greek Social Life, Old Greek Education, etc. _Pub. Apl. Har. Mac._

=Mahoney, Francis=, "Father Prout." 1805-1866. Irish poet and journalist. M. wrote the noted poem, The Bells of Shandon.

=Maine, Sir Henry James Sumner.= 182 Jurist. Author Roman Law, Ancient Law, Village Communities, Early Hist. of Institutions, etc. _Pub. Ho._

=Maitland, Edward.= 18-- ----. Novelist. Author The Higher Law, The Pilgrim and the Shrine, and By-and-By. _Pub. Put._

=Maitland, Sir Richard.= 1496-1586. Scotch poet.

=Malcolm, Sir John.= 1769-1833. Diplomatist. Author Hist. of Persia, Political Hist. India, Life of Lord Clive, etc. _See Kaye's Life of, London, 1856._

=Mallet, David.= 1700-1765. Scotch poet. Author Ballads, etc.

=Mallock, Wm. Hurrel.= 184 Novelist. Author Is Life Worth Living, The New Republic, Positivism on an Island, Romance of the 19th Cent., etc. A writer of much force and originality.

=Malmesbury, Wm. of.= 1095?-1143. Anglo-Norman historian.

=Malone, Edmund.= 1741-1812. Shakespearean scholar. Editor of the edition of 1790. _See Life, by Prior, 1860._

=Malory, Sir Thomas.= 1430?-1496. Author or translator of the famous romance, The Morte d'Arthur. _Pub. Mac._

=Malthus, Thos. Robt.= 1766-1834. Political economist. Author of a celebrated Essay on the Principle of Population. _See Life, by Otter, 1836._

=Mandeville, Bernard.= 1670-1733. Philosopher. Author of the noted Fable of the Bees, or Private Vices Public Benefits, etc. _See Craik's Eng. Lit. vol. 2._

=Mandeville, Sir John.= 1300-1372. "The first writer in formed English." He traveled extensively and wrote an entertaining account of his travels.

=Manley, Mrs. Mary de la Riviere.= 1672-1724. Novelist and dramatist. She wrote the noted political satire, The New Atlantis.

=Manners, John Lord.= 181 Poet. Author England's Trust, English Ballads, etc.

=Manning, Anne.= 180 Novelist. Author Mary Powell, Household of Sir Thos. More, Passages in the Life of the Faire Gospeller, etc. _Pub. Do._

=Manning, Henry Edw., Cardinal.= 180 Theologian. Author Temporal Power of the Pope, Parochial Sermons, The Vatican Decrees, etc. _See Century Mag. May, 1883._ _Pub. Apl. Sad._

=Mannyng, Robert.= fl. c. 1340. Rhyming chronicler.

=Mansel, Henry Longueville.= 1820-1871. Philosopher. Author The Limits of Religious Thought, Philosophy of Consciousness, Bampton Lect., 1858, etc. _Pub. Apl. Mac._

=Mant, Richard.= 1776-1848. Bp. Killaloe. Religious writer. Author Poems, Hist. Ch. of Ireland, etc.

=Mantell, Gideon Algernon.= 1790-1852. Geological writer of note. Author Thoughts on a Pebble, Medals of Creation, etc.

=Map=, or =Mapes, Walter=. 1150-1196. Anglo-Norman poet and romancer.

=Marlowe, Christopher.= 1564-1593. Dramatist and poet. The greatest dramatist before Shakespeare. His Tamburlaine was the first blank verse play acted. Faustus, Jew of Malta, and Edward II. are powerful dramas. The influence of Marlowe is traceable in several of Shakespeare's plays. _See editions by Cunningham and Dyce._ _See Schlegel's Dramatic Lit._ _Pub. Mac. Rou._

=Marryatt, Frederick.= 1792-1849. Marine novelist. Peter Simple, Jacob Faithful, and Midshipman Easy are among the best of his novels. They are lively, inartistic tales, full of broad fun and drollery. _See Life, by his daughter Florence, 1872._ _Pub. Apl. Har. Lip. Rob._

=Marryatt, Florence.= See Ross-Church, Mrs.

=Marsh, Mrs. Anne Caldwell.= ---- 1874. Novelist. Author Ravenscliffe, Emilia Wyndham, Lettice Arnold, etc. _Pub. Har._

=Marsh, Herbert.= 1757-1839. Bp. Peterborough. A profound writer on politics and divinity. Author of a noted Hist. of the Politics of Gt. Britain and France.

=Marston, John.= 1575-1634. Dramatist and satirist. _See Halliwell's edition, 3 vols., London, 1856._

=Marston, Philip Bourke.= 185 Poet. Son to W. M. Author Song-Tide, All in All, etc., and of numerous sketches and tales. His verse is strongly subjective in tone. _See Stedman's Victorian Poets._

=Marston, Westland.= 182 Dramatist and poet. The Patrician's Daughter is one of his best plays.

=Martin, Theodore.= 181 Translator and biographer. Author of Life of the Prince Consort, etc., and with W. E. Aytoun of the Bon Gualtier Ballads. _See The Biograph, Jan. 1879._ _Pub. Apl. Por._

=Martineau, Harriet.= 1802-1876. Miscellaneous writer. Her illustrations of political economy are in the form of fiction. Deerbrook and The Hour and the Man are her most noted romances. Style strong, clear, and original. _See Autobiography, 1876._ _Pub. Har. Ho. Mac. Por. Rob. Rou._

=Martineau, James.= 180 Theologian. Bro. to H. M. A leader of Unitarian thought. Author Studies of Christianity, Hymns of Praise and Prayer, Religious and Modern Materialism, Endeavors after a Christian Life, etc. _Pub. Ho. Put. Rob. A. U. A._

=Marvell, Andrew.= 1620-1678. Poet and controversialist. As the former he ranks among the first of the minor poets of his time. His fancy is delicate and quaint. _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2._ _Pub. Har._

=Marzials, Theophile.= 185 Poet and musician. Author of The Gallery of Pigeons, etc. Of his songs Twickenham Ferry is one of the best known. _See The Biograph, March, 1880._

=Mason, Wm.= 1725-1797. Poet. His verse is wordy and feeble.

=Massey, Gerald.= 182 Poet. Author Babe Christabel, Craigcrook Castle, etc. His verse has more sweetness than strength. _See Stedman's Victorian Poets._

=Massinger [m[)a]s's[)i]n-j[)e]r], Philip.= 1584-1640. A writer of much power whose style is clear and flexible. The Virgin Martyr, Fatal Dowry, City Madam, and A New Way to Pay Old Debts, are his finest plays. The latter is often acted. _See Works of, edited by Gifford, 4. vols._

=Masson, David.= 182 Scotch biographer and critic. Author British Novelists, Biographical and Critical Essays, Recent British Philosophy, etc. His chief work is a Life of Milton, a book of great merit and ability. _See The Biograph, vol. 3._ _Pub. Mac. Apl._

=Mathers, Helen.= See Reeves, Mrs.

=Mathias, Thos. James.= 1776-1835. Supposed author of the poem The Pursuits of Literature.

=Maturin [m[)a]t-yoo'r[)i]n], Chas. Robert.= 1782-1824. Irish novelist. Author Melmoth, an extravagant romance, and the tragedy of Bertram.

=Maurice [maw'r[)i]ss], John Frederic Denison.= 1805-1872. Theologian and ethical writer. A prominent Broad Church clergyman, writing much and well upon theology, philosophy, and other subjects. A Hist. Moral and Metaphysical Philosophy is his chief work. Others are Theological Essays, The Bible and Science, and the Friendship of Books. _Pub. Le. Mac._

=Maxwell, James Clerk.= 183 Scientific writer of note. _Pub. Apl. Mac._

=Maxwell, Mrs. Mary E. [Braddon].= 183 Novelist. A writer of sensational tales, among which Aurora Floyd is the most famous. Her latest novels show a greatly improved style. _Pub. Har._

=Maxwell, Wm. Hamilton.= 1794-1850. Irish novelist. His fiction is military in character. _Pub. Rou._

=Maxwell, Sir Wm. Stirling.= 1818-1878. Author The Cloister Life of Chas. V., Velasquez and his Works, etc.

=May, Sir Thos. Erskine.= 181 Historian. Author Constitutional Hist. England, Hist. Democracy in Europe, etc. Style careful and thoughtful. _See Lit. World, April, 1878, and The Biograph, March, 1880._ _Pub. Arm. Wid._

=Mayhew, Augustus.= 1812-1875. Litterateur.

=Mayhew, Edward.= 181 Veterinary writer. Bro. to A. M. Author Illustrated Horse Doctor, etc. _Pub. Apl. Lip. Rou._

=Mayhew, Henry.= 1812-1876. Bro. to two preceding. Author London Labor and London Poor, German Life and Manners and numerous humorous works. _Pub. Har. Rou._

=Mayhew, Horace.= 1819-1872. Humorist. Bro. to three preceding. Author Letters Left at the Pastry Cook's, etc.

=Mayhew, Thomas.= 181 Bro. to four preceding. Editor of the Penny National Library.

=Mayne, John.= 1761-1836. Scotch poet. Author of The Siller Gun, Logan Braes, etc.

=Mayo, Mrs. Isabella Fyvie=, "Edward Garrett." 184 Religious novelist. Author By Still Waters, Occupations of a Retired Life, Gold and Dross, etc. _Pub. Do._

=McCarthy, Denis Florence.= 1820-1880. Poet and miscellaneous writer. Author Ballads, Poems, and other Lyrics, etc., and translator of the dramas of Calderon.

=McCarthy, Justin.= 183 Novelist and historian. Author Linley Rochford, Dear Lady Disdain, etc., and of a valuable Hist. of Our Own Times. Style graphic and forcible. _Pub. Har._

=McCulloch, John Ramsay.= 1789-1864. Political economist. Author Principles of Political Economy, Dict. of Commerce, Statistical Account of the British Empire, etc.

=Melmoth, Wm.= 1710-1799. Translator of Pliny. Author Laelius, or Friendship, etc.

=Melville, Sir James.= 1535-1606. Scotch writer. Author Historical Memoirs.

=Melville, J. G. Whyte.= 1821-1878. Novelist. Author Kate Coventry, The White Rose, Katerfelto, etc. Style rapid and spirited. _Pub. Apl. Por._

=Meredith, Owen.= See Bulwer-Lytton, E. R.

=Merivale, Chas.= 1808-1874. Historian. Author Hist. Latin Christianity, Fall of the Roman Republic, Hist. of the Romans under the Empire, etc. A writer of much ease and dignity of style, whose historical estimates are careful and valuable. _Pub. Apl. Har. Rou._

=Merivale, Herman.= 1806-1874. Historical writer. Bro. to C. M.

=Merrick, James.= 1720-1769. Poet. His poem The Chameleon is well known.

=Miall, Edward.= 1809-1881. Political writer. Author Ethics of Non-Conformity, The Voluntary Principle, etc.

=Mickle, Wm. Julius.= 1734-1788. Scotch poet. His poem, Cumnor Hall, suggested Scott's Kenilworth. _See Works of, 1808._

=Middleton, Conyers.= 1683-1750. Theologian. M. wrote a Life of Cicero and a Free Inquiry into the Miraculous Powers of the Church.

=Middleton, Thomas.= 1570-1627. Dramatist. The Witch of Edmonton, a tragi-comedy, is his most noted play. _See Dyce's edition, 1840._

=Mill, James.= 1773-1836. Scotch historian and philologist. Author of an impartial Hist. British India, Analysis of the Mind, etc.

=Mill, John Stuart.= 1806-1873. Philosopher. Son to J. M. A profound but cold thinker and writer. Author System of Logic, Political Economy, Liberty, Subjection of Women, etc. _See Autobiography, Table's Eng. Lit., and Caroline Fox's Memories of old Friends._ _Pub. Apl. Har. Ho. Lit._

=Miller, Hugh.= 1802-1856. Geologist. Author Old Red Sandstone, Footprints of the Creator, etc., works which greatly helped to popularize the study of geology. _See Life, by Peter Bayne._ _Pub. Ca._

=Miller, Thomas.= 180 Poet and novelist. Author Rural Sketches, Country Scenes, Fair Rosamond, Songs for British Riflemen, etc. _Pub. Rou._

=Milman, Henry Hart=. 1791-1868. Poet and historian. M. was author of Fazio, a successful drama, of an excellent Hist. of the Jews, of numerous poems, and editor of an annotated Gibbon. _Pub. Arm. Har. Lit. Por. Put. Rou._

=Milnes [milnz], Richard Monckton, Lord Houghton.= 180 Poet and litterateur. Author Poems of Many Years, Life of Keats, etc. _See Stedman's Victorian Poets._ _Pub. Rob._

=Milton, John.= 1608-1674. Poet. His literary life sharply defines itself into 3 periods; in the first, 1626-1640, he wrote the poems L'Allegro, Il Penseroso, the Pastoral of Comus, and the elegy Lycidas. During the second, 1640-1660, he wrote prose treatises, mainly controversial, such as the Areopagitica, and his sonnets. After 1660 came the great epics, Paradise Lost, and Paradise Regained, and the choral drama Samson Agonistes. A great artist, he created the Eng. epic, infusing it with his own severe strength and dignity. He had no humor or feeling for dramatic situation but he could be both graceful and tender as his early poems show. He was the great Puritan poet. Of the numerous Lives of Milton the best are, _Masson's and Mark Pattison's Milton in Eng. Men of Letters. Pickering's, Rossetti's and Masson's are among the best editions of his poems. For complete edition of his prose works see Bohn's Standard Library._ _See Hines's Study of Paradise Lost._ _Pub. Mac._

=Minto, Wm.= 184 Litterateur. Author Characteristics of Eng. Poets, from Chaucer to Shirley, Manual of Eng. Prose Lit., Defoe in Eng. Men of Letters, etc. _Pub. Har._

=Mitford, John.= 1781-1859. Poet and critic.

=Mitford, Mary Russell.= 1786-1855. Miscellaneous writer. Author of the tragedies Julian, Rienzi, Foscari, etc., and the charming series of those sketches entitled Our Village. _See Fields' Yesterdays with Authors, and The Friendships of Mary Russell Mitford._ _Pub. Har._

=Mitford, Wm.= 1744-1827. Historian. Author Hist. of Greece, etc. _See Life, by Lord Redesdale._

=Mivart, St. George.= 182 Naturalist. Author The Genesis of Species, Contemporary Evolution, The Cat, etc. _Pub. Apl. Mac. Scr._

=Moberly, Geo.= 180 Bp. Salisbury. Religious writer. _Pub. Dut._

=Moir [moi'[e^]r], David Macbeth.= 1798-1851. Scotch poet and novelist.

=Molesworth, Mrs. Mary Louisa [Stewart]=, "Ennis Graham." 184 Scotch novelist. Author of the novels Hathercourt and Miss Bouverie, and of numerous excellent juvenile works of which The Cuckoo Clock, Carrots, and The Tapestry Room are well-known examples. _See The Spectator, Jan. 1880, Jan. 1881, and Jan. 1882._ _Pub. Har. Ho. Mac. Rou._

=Monboddo, Lord.= See Burnet, James.

=Montagu, Chas. Earl of Halifax.= 1661-1715. Poet. Co-author with Prior of The City Mouse and the Country Mouse, and author of miscellaneous poems. _See Johnson's Lives of the Poets._

=Montagu, Mrs. Elizabeth.= 1720-1800. Founder of the Blue Stocking Club and author of a once famous essay on the Genius of Shakespeare. _See Doran's A Lady of the Last Century._

=Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley.= 1690-1762. Famous for her brilliant and satirical Letters. _See Letters of, edited by Mrs. S.J. Hale, N. Y., 1856._

=Montgomery [m[o^]nt-g[)u]m-[)e]r-[)i]], James.= 1771-1854. Scotch poet. His verse is not strong, but some of his hymns are general favorites. _See Critical Essays, by A. K. H. Boyd._ _Pub. Hou. Rou._

=Montgomery, Robert.= 1808-1855. Poet. Author Satan, etc. Style stilted, showy, and unnatural. _See Macauley's Miscellaneous Essays._

=Montrose, Marquis of.= See Grahame, James.

=Moore, Edward.= 1712-1757. Dramatist. Author of the tragedy, The Gamester.

=Moore, John.= 1730-1802. Scotch novelist. Author Zeluco, Edward, Mordaunt, etc. _See Works, with Memoir, 7 vols., Edinburgh, 1820._

=Moore, Thomas.= 1779-1852. Irish poet. Author of Irish Melodies, which take high rank as lyrics, Lalla Rookh, a vol. of brilliant and showy oriental poetry, and of much other verse, as well as several prose works. Though by no means a great poet, he has always been a popular one. _See R. H. Montgomery's Life of, 1850; also Earl Russell's edition of Moore's Diary._ _Pub. Apl. Arm. Clx. Har. Hou. Le. Lip. For. Rou. Scr._

=More, Hannah.= 1745-1833. Dramatist and ethical writer. Author of Percy, a drama, and of numerous popular moral tales, of which The Shepherd of Salisbury Plain is the most famous. _See complete works, 1853._ _See Lives by Shaw, Roberts, Thompson, and Smith._ _Pub. Ca. Har. Lip._

=More, Henry.= 1614-1687. Philosopher. A writer whose mystical theories are expressed in a clear, limpid style.

=More, Sir Thomas.= 1480-1530. Philosopher. His famous prose romance, The Utopia, embodies many of his philosophical views. _See Life by Sir James Mackintosh._ _Pub. Mac._

=Morell, Thomas.= 1703-1784. Philologist. Author of the text of the Oratorios of Joshua and Judas Maccabaeus.

=Morgan, Lady Sydney Owenson.= 1783-1859. Irish novelist. Author Wild Irish Girl, Absenteeism, etc. A voluminous author, spirited but wanting in refinement.

=Morier, James.= 1780-1849. Oriental novelist. Hajji Baba is his most noted work. _Pub. Rou._

=Morley, Henry.= 182 Author Hist. Eng. Lit., Tables of Eng. Lit., Journal of a London Playgoer, Life of Palissy the Potter, etc. _Pub. Cas._

=Morley, John.= 183 Essayist and biographer. Author Lives of Voltaire and Rousseau, Limits of the Historic Method, On Compromise, Burke on Eng. Men of Letters, etc. _Pub. Apl. Har._

=Morris, Wm.= 183 The Defence of Guinevere, Life and Death of Jason, and The Earthly Paradise are his chief poems. His verse is mainly classical or mediaeval in subject and epic in form. _See Stedman's Victorian Poets and Swinburne's Essays and Studies._ _Pub. Rob._

=Mortimer, Mrs. Favell Lee.= 1802-1878. Religious writer. Author Reading Without Tears, Peep of Day Series, etc. _Pub. Ca. Har. Hou._

=Morton, Thomas.= 1764-1838. Dramatist. Author Speed the Plough, Secrets Worth Knowing, etc. _See Gentleman's Mag. Dec. 1838._

=Moss, Thomas.= 1740-1808. Poet. Author of the famous poem beginning "Pity the sorrows of a poor Old Man."

=Motherwell, Wm.= 1797-1858. Scotch poet. Jeanie Morrison, The Cavalier's Song, and others of his ballads possess great lyric beauty. _See edition 1849._

=Mozley, James Bowling.= 1813-1878. Theologian. Author Lect. on the Miracles, On Subscription to the Articles, Sermons, Essays, Historical, Theological, etc. A clear, masterly thinker. _Pub. Dut._

=Mozley, Thomas.= 180 Bro. to J. B. M. Author Reminiscences of Oriel College and the Oxford Movement. _Pub. Hou._

=Mudie [moo'd[)i] or m[=u]'d[)i]] Robert.= Scotch naturalist. Author of some 90 vols. mainly on natural history; British Birds is his most important work. _Pub. Har._

=Muller, Friedric Max.= 182 German philologist. Author Chips from a German Workshop, Science of Lang., Hist. Ancient Sanskrit Lit., etc. _Pub. Mac. Scr._

=Muloch, Dinah Maria.= See Craik, Mrs.

=Munday, Anthony.= 1553-1633. Dramatist. _See Carew Hazlitt's Early English Literature._

=Murchison, Sir Roderick I.= 1792-1871. Geologist of note. _See Memoirs of, by Geikie, 2 vols., London, 1874._

=Mure, Wm.= 1799-1860. Scotch historian. Author Critical Hist., Lang. and Lit. of Ancient Greece, The Calendar of the Zodiac of Ancient Egypt, etc.

=Murphy, Arthur.= 1730-1805. Dramatist. Of his 23 plays The Grecian Daughter and The Way to Keep Him were the most popular.

=Murray, Alexander.= 1775-1813. Scotch philologist. Author Hist. European Languages.

=Murray, Hugh.= 1779-1841. Scotch geographer. Author of the Encyclopedia of Geography, etc. _Pub. Har._

=Myers, Ernest.= 18-- ----. Poet. Author of The Puritans, The Defence of Rome, and other Poems, etc. _Pub. Mac._

=Myers, Frederic Wm. Henry.= 184 Poet and litterateur. Author of St. Paul, a poem, The Renewal of Youth and other Poems, Wordsworth in Eng. Men of Letters, and Essays Modern and Classical. A thoughtful writer, possessing a graceful and scholarly style. _Pub. Har. Mac. Ran._

=Nabbes, Thomas.= 1600-1645. Dramatist.

=Nairne, Baroness.= See Oliphant, Carolina.

=Napier, Admiral Sir Chas.= 1786-1860. Military historian. Cousin to Sir C. J. N. Author Hist. Baltic Campaign, etc. _See Life and Correspondence, 1862._

=Napier, Gen. Sir Chas. James.= 1782-1853. Author Lights and Shadows of Military Life, Hist. Ionian Islands, etc. _See Life and Opinions of, 4 vols., London, 1857._

=Napier, Capt. Henry Edward.= 1789-1853. Historian. Bro. to Sir C. J. N. Author of a valuable Hist. of Florence in 7 vols. Style easy and flowing.

=Napier, John.= 1550-1617. Scotch mathematical writer. Inventor of logarithms.

=Napier, Macvey.= 1776-1847. Scotch writer. Editor of the supplement and 7th edition of the Encyc. Brit. and for 17 years editor of the Edinburgh Rev.

=Napier, Mark.= 179 Biographer. Author Memorials of Montrose, Life and Times of Montrose, etc.

=Napier, Gen. Sir Wm. Francis Patrick.= 1785-1860. Military historian. Bro. to Sir. C. J. N. and H. E. N. His great work is the Hist. of the Peninsular War, a work of great value, possessing a perennial charm. _See H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches, and Life by H. A. Bruce, 1863._ _Pub. Arm. Rou._

=Nares, Edward.= 1762-1841. Elements of General Hist. and the novel, Thinks I to Myself, are among his chief works.

=Nares, Robert.= 1753-1829. Critical and theological writer. Cousin to E. N.

=Nash, Thomas.= 1577-1600. Dramatist. Author Summer's Last Will and Testament, and of many brilliant satirical pamphlets. _See edition of Pierre Penniless, with Life of Nash by Collier, 1842._

=Neville, Henry.= 1620-1694. Political philosopher. Author of Plato Redivivus, a dialogue concerning government.

=Newcastle, Margaret, Duchess of.= 1624-1673. An untiring writer of tasteless works in verse and prose. _See Poems of, edited by E. Brydges, 1813._

=Newcome, Wm.= 1729-1800. Abp. Armagh. Theologian. Author Harmony of the Gospels, etc.

=Newman, Francis Wm.= 180 Miscellaneous writer. Author of Phases of Faith, etc. He has written largely on religious topics from a rationalistic standpoint.

=Newman, Cardinal John Henry.= 180 Theologian. Bro. to F. W. N. Author Tract No. 90, Parochial Sermons, Theory of Religious Belief, The Grammar of Assent, Apologia Pro Vita Sua, Poems, etc. The Apologia is one of the very finest of autobiographies. Style clear, polished, and logical. _See Century Mag. June, 1882._ _Pub. Cath._

=Newton, Sir Isaac.= 1642-1727. Mathematical philosopher. A writer of clear, comprehensive intellect, Author of the Principia and a valuable treatise on Optics, etc. _See Brewster's Life of._ _Pub. Mac._

=Newton, John.= 1722-1807. Devotional writer. Co-author with Cowper of the Olney Hymns. _See Works of London, 6 vols. 8vo, 1816._

=Nichol, John.= 183 Scotch litterateur. Author Sketch Am. Lit., the drama of Hannibal, Tables of European Lit. and Hist., and a brilliant monograph on Byron in Eng. Men of Letters. _See Lit. World. Feb. 24, 1883._ _Pub. Apl. Har._

=Nichol, John Pringle.= 1804-1859. Astronomer. Author The Solar System, The Stellar Heavens, Dict. Physical Sciences, etc.

=Nicholas, Thomas.= 1820-1879. Ethnologist and historian. Author Pedigree of the Eng. People, Hist. of Wales, etc.

=Nicholson, Wm.= 1655-1727. Abp. Cashel. Antiquarian writer.

=Nicol, Henry.= 1845-1881. Philologist. Author Hist. Eng. Sounds.

=Nicolas, Sir Nicholas Harris.= 1799-1848. Genealogist. Author Hist. Orders of Knighthood of the Brit. Empire, etc.

=Nicoll, Robert.= 1814-1837. Scotch poet.

=Noel-Fearn, Henry= [Christmas]. 1811-1868. Miscellaneous writer. Author Science and History, Preachers and Preaching, etc.

=Norris, John.= 1657-1711. Platonic philosopher. Author Theory of the Ideal World, etc.

=North, Christopher.= See Wilson, John.

=Norton, Mrs. Caroline Elizabeth Sheridan= [Lady Maxwell]. 1808-1877. Poet and novelist. Her verse has much grace and intensity of feeling. Bingen on the Rhine is her most quoted poem. _Pub. Har. Lip. Mac. Ran._

=Norton, Thomas.= 1532-1584. Dramatist. Co-author with Sackville of the tragedy Ferrex and Porrex, and assistant of Sternhold and Hopkins in their metrical version of the Psalms.

=Nugent, Lord.= See Grenville, George.

=Occam, Wm. of.= 1270-1347. Philosopher. Defender of the doctrine of Nominalism and the greatest logician of the Middle Ages.

=Occleve, Thos.= c. 1370-1454. Poet. His verse has little merit.

=O'Hare, Kane.= 1722-1782. Irish dramatist.

=O'Keefe, John.= 1747-1833. Irish dramatist. The best of his numerous plays and operas, some of which are still acted, is Wild Oats.

=Oldham, John.= 1653-1683. Poet. Author of Satires against the Jesuits. Style spirited and forcible. _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2._

=Oldmixon, John.= 1673-1742. Dramatist and historian. His plays and histories are of slight value, and his chief title to remembrance is Pope's satire upon him in The Dunciad.

=Oldys, Wm.= 1696-1761. Biographer and antiquarian. Best known by his famous little poem, The Fly and the Cup of Ale.

=Oliphant, Carolina, Baroness Nairne.= 1766-1845. Scotch poet. Her songs, such as Land o' the Leal, Caller Herrin', etc., take a high rank. _See Complete Works, with Life by C. Rogers, Edinburgh, 1869._

=Oliphant, Laurence.= 182 Satirist and miscellaneous writer. Author of Piccadilly, a Fragment of Contemporaneous Biography, Tender Recollections of Irene McGillicuddy, Altiora Peto, etc. _Pub. Apl. Har._

=Oliphant, Mrs. Margaret.= 182 Novelist. Author of a long series of novels, all good, and some very fine, and much well written biography. Her style is even, her turns of expression felicitous and her character drawing truthful. The Perpetual Curate, Chronicles of Carlingford, Zaidee, Harry Joscelyn, Son of the Soil, Lady Jane, The Little Pilgrim, and the Literary Hist. of England are some of her best books. Few authors have written so much and so uniformly well. _Pub. Apl. Har. Ho. Lip. Mac. Por._

=O'Meara, Barry Edward.= 1780-1836. Napoleonic writer. Author Letters from St. Helena, Memoirs of Napoleon, Napoleon in Exile, etc. _Pub. Arm. Wid._

=Opie, Mrs. Amelia= [Alderson]. 1769-1853. Novelist and poet. Father and Daughter is her best novel, The Orphan Boy her most familiar poem. Style simple and pathetic. _See Miss Brightwell's Life of, London, 1834, and H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches._ _Pub. Ca._

=Orme, Robert.= 1728-1801. Historian. Hist. British in India, etc.

=O'Shaughnessy [o'shaw'n[)e]-s[)i], Arthur W. E.= 1844-1881. Author Songs of a Worker, Lays of France, Music and Moonlight, etc. _See Stedman's Victorian Poets, and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4, 2d edition._

=Ossian.= Mythical Keltic bard. See Macpherson, James.

=Ottley, Wm. Young.= 1771-1836. Art writer. Author The Italian School of Design, Engravers and their Works, etc.

=Otway, Thomas.= 1651-1685. Dramatist. A tragic writer of great pathos. His greatest works, Venice Preserved and The Orphan are still occasionally acted. _See Works with Life, by Thornton, 1813._

=Ouida.= See De la Rame, Louisa.

=Ousely [ooz'l[)i]], Sir Wm.= 1771-1842. Orientalist. Author Oriental Collections, Travels in Persia, etc.

=Overbury, Sir Thomas.= 1581-1613. Poet and philosopher. Characters, his chief work, contains an exquisite and oft quoted description of A Fair and Happy Milkmaid.

=Owen, John.= 1616-1683. Theologian. Style heavy and labored. _See edition of 1826 with Life._ _Pub. P. B._

=Owen, Richard.= 180 Scientific writer of note. Author Lect. on Comparative Anatomy, etc.

=Owen, Robert.= 1771-1858. Writer on social reforms. _See H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches._

=Owenson, Sydney.= See Morgan, Lady.

=Oxenden, Ashton.= 180 Bp. Montreal. Religious writer. Author Pathway of Safety, Our Church and her Services, Thoughts for Lent, etc. _Pub. Dut. Ran. Wh._

=Oxenford, John.= 1812-1877. Dramatist and critic. Translator of Goethe's Autobiography.

=Paley, Frederic Apthorp.= 181 Classical scholar. Grandson to W. P. Editor and translator of numerous classical works.

=Paley, Wm.= 1743-1805. Moral philosopher. Author Natural Theology, Elements of Moral and Political Philosophy, etc. _See Complete Works, 4 vols., London, 1838, biography by Meadley, 1839._ _Pub. Ca. Nel. Har._

=Palgrave [pawl'gr[=a]v], Sir Francis.= 1788-1861. Historian. Author Hist. of the Anglo-Saxons, Rise and Progress of the Eng. Commonwealth, Anglo-Saxon Period, Hist. of Normandy and of England, etc. _Pub. Mac._

=Palgrave, Francis Turner.= 182 Poet and critic. Son to F. P. Author Essays on Art, Hymns, Lyrical Poems, etc. _See Stedman's Victorian Poets._ _Pub. Mac. Por. Ran. Rou._

=Palgrave, Wm. Gifford.= 182 Traveller. Son to F. P. Author Essays on the Eastern Question, Dutch Guiana, Herman Agha, etc. _Pub. Ho. Mac._

=Palmer, Sir Roundell= [Baron Selborne]. 181 Author of the Book of Praise. _Pub. Mac._

=Pardoe [par'd[=o]], Julia.= 1806-1862. Novelist and historical writer. Author Court and Reign of Francis I., etc. _Pub. Har. Pet._

=Paris, Matthew.= ---- 1259. Historical writer. _See Bohn's Antiquarian Library._

=Park, Mungo.= 1771-1805. Scotch explorer and writer of travels. _Pub. Har._

=Parker, John Henry.= 180 Writer on Architecture. Author Glossary of Arch., Introduction to the Study of Gothic Arch., Domestic Arch. of the Middle Ages, etc., _Pub. Lit._

=Parnell [par'nell], Thomas.= 1669-1718. Poet. Author of The Hermit, etc. _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3._ _Pub. Hou._

=Parr, Harriet= ["Holme Lee"]. 18-- ----. Novelist. Author Sylvan Holt's Daughter, Kathie Brande, For Richer for Poorer, etc. _Pub. Har. Por._

=Parr, Mrs. Louisa.= 18-- ----. Novelist. Author Dorothy Fox, Adam and Eve, etc. _Pub. Ho. Lip._

=Parr, Samuel.= 1747-1825. Classical scholar and critic. _See Field's Memoirs of, 1828._

=Pater, Walter H.= 183 Author Studies on the Hist. of the Renaissance. _Pub. Mac._

=Patmore, Coventry Kearsey Dighton.= 182 Poet. Author Angel in the House, Faithful Forever, and other vols. of rather commonplace verse. _See Stedman's Victorian Poets._ _Pub. Dut. Mac._

=Pattison, Mark.= 181 Author Tendencies of Religious Thought in England, a noted Biography of Isaac Casaubon, Milton in Eng. Men. of Letters, etc. _Pub. Har._

=Payn, James.= 183 Novelist. A writer of excellent stories; Lost Sir Massingberd, and By Proxy, being among the best. _Pub. Apl. Har. Pet._

=Peacock, Thos. Love.= 1785-1866. Novelist and poet. Maid Marian, Headlong Hall, etc., are lively, witty novels. _See Complete Works edited by Cole, 1875._ _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4._

=Pearson, Charles Henry.= 183 Historian. Author Hist. of England in the Early and Middle Ages. _Pub. Put._

=Pearson, John.= 1613-1686. Bp. Chester. Theologian. His Exposition of the Creed is still a standard theological work. _Pub. Apl. Mac._

=Pecock, Reginald.= 1390-1460. Bp. Chichester. Theologian. Author of The Repressor, etc. _See Morley's Eng. Writers, vol. 2._

=Peele, George.= 1552-1598. Dramatist and poet. Author Arraignment of Paris, Absalom, Edward I., etc. In places Peele's verse is very musical. _See Lamb's Dramatic Poets; also Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1, and Ulrici's Dramatic Art._

=Penn, Wm.= 1644-1718. No Cross No Crown, his most noted work, sets forth the doctrines of the Quakers. _See Lives, by H. Dixon, Janney, and Wirt._

=Pennant, Thomas.= 1726-1798. Antiquarian and writer on natural history.

=Pennell, Henry Cholmondeley [ch[)u]m'l[)i]].= 183 Poet. Author of Puck on Pegasus, Pegasus Re-saddled, etc., and several works on Angling. _Pub. Rou._

=Pepys [peeps or p[)e]ps], Samuel.= 1633-1703. Author of a famous Diary presenting an extremely lifelike picture of the time of Charles II. _See Samuel Pepys and the World he Lived In, by Henry B. Wheatly._ _See Braybrooke edition_, _pub. Apl._; _Bright edition, London_, _pub. Bi._

=Percy, Thos.= 1728-1811. Bp. Dromore. Poet and editor of the famous Reliques of Ancient Eng. Poetry, a work of great influence upon subsequent Eng. verse. _See Hales's and Furnivall's edition, 1868._ _Pub. Por. Rou._

=Phillimore, John George.= 1809-1865. Jurist. Author Hist. Law of Evidence, Principles and Maxims of Jurisprudence. _Pub. Mac._

=Phillimore, Robert Joseph.= 181 Jurist. Bro. to J. G. P. Author Civil and Canon Law, Eccl. Law Church of England, etc. _Pub. Jo._

=Philips, Ambrose.= 1675-1749. Dramatist. A writer of trifling merit, who is chiefly remembered on account of Pope's vindictive satire upon him.

=Philips, John.= 1676-1708. Poet. Author of the mock-heroic poem The Splendid Shilling.

=Philips, Mrs. Katharine.= 1631-1664. Poet. Known as "The Matchless Orinda."

=Phillips, Halliwell.= See Halliwell-Phillips.

=Pickering, Ellen.= ---- 1843. Novelist. Author Who Shall be Heir, Secret Foe, etc. _Pub. Har._

=Pindar, Peter.= See Wolcott, John.

=Pinkerton, John.= 1758-1826. Scotch historian and antiquary. His Hist. of Scotland and other works are fiercely controversial in tone.

=Piozzi [p[=e]-[)o]t'see], Mrs. Hester [Lynch]. Mrs. Thrale.= 1740-1821. Author Anecdotes of Dr. Johnson, etc., and the well-known poem The Three Warnings. _See Autobiography, Letters, etc., 1861._

=Pitt, Wm., Lord Chatham.= 1708-1778. Statesman. His numerous Speeches rank among the finest of their class.

=Planche [plon-sh[=a]'], James Robinson.= 1796-1870. Dramatist. A prolific writer of dramas, fairy extravaganzas and farces; Prince Charming, Yellow Dwarf, etc. _See Bric-a-brac Series, 1st vol., and The Biograph, March, 1880._

=Plumptre, Edward Hayes.= 182 Poet and translator. Author Lazarus and other Poems, etc., Byways of Scripture, etc., and translation of Sophocles and AEschylus. His verse is didactic in character. _Pub. Dut. Mac. Rou._

=Pole, Reginald, Cardinal.= 1500-1558. Theological writer.

=Pollock, Frederick.= 184 Jurist. Author Principles of Contract, Digest of Law of Partnership, Spinoza: his Life and Philosophy, and The Land Laws in Macmillan's Eng. Citizen Series. _Pub. Mac. Th._

=Pollock, Robert.= 1799-1827. Scotch poet. Author of The Course of Time, a heavy, didactic, blank-verse poem, once very popular. _Pub. Apl. Ca. Clx._

=Pomfret, John.= 1667-1703. Poet. Author of The Choice. _See Life, by Dr. Johnson._

=Poole, John.= 1786-1872. Dramatist and humorist. Author of the comedy, Paul Pry, Little Pedlington, a vol. of witty sketches, The Comic Sketch-Book, etc.

=Poole, Matthew.= 1624-1679. Biblical Commentator. _Pub. Ca._

=Pope, Alexander.= 1688-1744. A correct, polished poet whose verse lacks sentiment and feeling. The heroic couplet is his usual measure. His translation of Homer, though a fine effort, lacks the freshness and spontaneity of its original. His chief poems are Essay on Man, Moral Essays, The Dunciad, a talented but terrible satire, and The Rape of the Lock, a brilliant, glittering piece of literary trifling. _See editions of, by A. W. Ward, Cowden-Clarke, and Rossetti._ _See Lowell's My Study Windows; also Leslie Stephen's Pope in Eng. Men of Letters._ _Pub. Apl. Le. Mac. Rou._

=Porson, Richard.= 1759-1808. Classical scholar and writer of note. _See Watson's Life of, 1861._

=Porter, Anna Maria.= 1781-1832. Novelist. Don Sebastian is perhaps the best of her numerous novels.

=Porter, Jane.= 1776-1850. Novelist. Sister to A. M. P. The famous romances Thaddeus of Warsaw and Scottish Chiefs are her chief works. _Pub. Apl. Le. Lip. Por._

=Powell, Baden.= 1796-1860. Philosopher. Author Hist. Nat. Philosophy, Spirit of Inductive Philosophy, Study and Evidence of Christianity, etc.

=Poynter, E. Frances.= 18-- ----. Novelist. Author My Little Lady, Ersilia, Among the Hills, etc. _Pub. Ho._

=Praed [pr[=a]d], Winthrop Mackworth.= 1802-1839. Poet. A writer of pleasing verse, of which the Belle of the Ball is a good example. _See Complete Works, edited by Sir Geo. Young._ _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4._ _Pub. Arm._

=Price, Bonamy.= 180 Political economist. Author Practical Political Economy, Currency and Banking, Principles of Currency, etc. _Pub. Apl._

=Prideaux [pr[)i]d'o, or pr[)i]d-[)u]x], Humphrey.= 1648-1724. Theologian. Noted for his Connection of the Old and New Testaments. _Pub. Har. Mac._

=Priestley, Joseph.= 1733-1804. Theologian and scientist. Author of over 300 books on chemistry, theology, metaphysics, etc. _See Works of, 1824, 26 vols._ _See Life of, by Corry._

=Pringle, Thomas.= 1789-1834. Scotch poet. His best poem is the spirited Afar in the Desert. _See Grant Wilson's Poets of Scotland._

=Prior, Matthew.= 1664-1721. Poet. A sprightly writer whose light and airy style is seen to best advantage in his comic narrative poems. _See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3._ _Pub. Hou._

=Procter, Adelaide Anne.= 1825-1864. Poet. Dau. to B. W. P. Author Legends and Lyrics. _See Stedman's Victorian Poets._ _Pub. Hou._

=Procter, Bryan Waller, "Barry Cornwall."= 1790-1874. Poet. A writer of somewhat over-praised lyric verse. The tragedy of Mirandola is his finest dramatic effort. _See Autobiography. Compare Stedman's Victorian Poets and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4._

=Proctor Richard Anthony.= 183 Astronomer. Author Other Worlds than Ours, Our Place Among the Infinities, etc. _Pub. Apl. Arm. Lip. Put._

=Prout, Father.= See Mahoney, Francis.

=Prynne, Wm.= 1600-1669. Political and antiquarian writer.

=Pugin [p[=u]-jin], Augustus.= 1792-1832. Architectural writer of note.

=Pugin, Augustin Welby Northmore.= 1812-1852. Architect. Son to A. P. Author Examples of Gothic Architecture, Glossary of Eccl. Ornament, etc. _See Ferrey's Recollections of A. W. N. Pugin and Augustus Pugin, 1861._

=Purchas, Samuel.= 1577-1628. Chronicler and compiler of travels.

=Pusey [p[=u]'z[)i]], Edward Bouverie.= 1800-1882. Theologian. Author Hist. Councils of the Church, Doctrine of the Real Presence, etc, and many of the Tracts for the Times. The earlier Ritualists were named Puseyites. His influence greatly deepened the religious feeling of the Anglican Church. _See Life, by Liddon._ _Pub. Apl._

=Pusey, Philip Edward.= 18-- 1880. Theological writer. Son to E. B. P.

=Puttenham, George.= 1530-c. 1600. Author of The Art of Eng. Poesie.

=Pye, Henry James.= 1745-1813. Poet. Author of very indifferent verse.

=Quarles, Francis.= 1592-1644. Poet. An ingenious versifier, very popular in his own day, and now chiefly known by his Divine Emblems and a vol. of prose maxims entitled Enchiridion.

=Quarles, John.= 1624-1665. Poet. Son to F. Q. Author Divine Meditations, etc. His verse is marked by the same fantastic, labored conceits as that of his father.

=Quincey, Thos. de.= See De Quincey.

=Radcliffe, Mrs. Ann [Ward].= 1764-1823. Novelist. A writer of powerful sensational romances, the best known of which are The Mysteries of Udolpho and Romance of the Forest. _See Memoir of, by Talfourd, and Memoir of, by Miss Rossetti._ _Pub. Clx. Rou._

=Raleigh [raw'l[)i]], Sir Walter.= 1532-1618. His chief work, The Hist. of the World, has great literary merit. _See Lives, by Whitehead, Oldys, Birch, Cayley, Thomson, Tytler, Napier, St. John, and Edwards. See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1._

=Ramsay [r[)a]m'z[)i]], Allan.= 1685-1758. Scotch poet. Author of the pastoral poem The Gentle Shepherd. _See edition 1800, with Life; also Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3._

=Ramsay, Edward Bannerman.= 1793-1872. Author of the famous Reminiscences of Scottish Life and Character, Sermons, Pulpit Table-Talk, etc. _See 23d edition of the Reminiscences, 1874, and Memorials and Recollections, by C. Rogers._

=Randolph, Thos.= 1605-1634. Poet and dramatist. His works are inferior in quality. The Jealous Lover is one of his plays. _See Works of, edited by Carew Hazlitt, 1875, and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2._

=Rankine, Wm. John Macquorn.= 1820-1872. Writer on mechanics. Author Applied Mechanics, The Steam Engine, Songs and Fables, etc. _See Memoir, by P. G. Tait._ _Pub. Apl. Mac._

=Rawlinson, George Henry.= 181 Historian. Author The Five Great Monarchies of the Eastern World, Manual of Ancient Hist., The Seventh Great Oriental Monarchy, etc. _Pub. Apl. Do. Est. Har. Mac._

=Rawlinson, Sir Henry Creswicke.= 181 Archaeological writer of note. Bro. to G. H. R.

=Ray, John.= 1628-1705. Naturalist. Author of the Historia Plantarum, etc. _See Life, by Wm. Derham, 1760._

=Reach, Angus Bethune.= 1821-1856. Novelist and miscellaneous writer. Author of Leonard Lindsay, The Natural Hist. of Bores and Humbugs, The Comic Bradshaw, etc. _See Chas. Mackay's Recollections._ _Pub. Rou._

=Reade, Charles.= 181 Novelist. A writer of strong genius, whose style is piquant and aggressive. Put Yourself in his Place, Griffith Gaunt, The Cloister and the Hearth, and Christie Johnstone are among his best novels. _See Atlantic Monthly, Aug. 1864._ _Pub. Har._

=Redding, Cyrus.= 1785-1870. Miscellaneous writer. Author of A Wife and Not a Wife, Remarkable Misers, Past Celebrities, etc.

=Reeve, Clara.= 1725-1803. Novelist. Author Old English Baron, etc.

=Reeve, Lovell.= 1814-1865. Conchologist. Author Conchologia Iconica, Elements of Conchology, Conchologia Systematica, etc. _Pub. Put._

=Reeves, Mrs. Helen Buckingham [Mathers].= 185 Novelist. Author of Cherry Ripe, Comin' thro' the Rye, My Lady Green Sleeves, As He Comes Up the Stair, Land o' the Leal, Sam's Sweetheart, etc. _Pub. Apl._

=Reid, Mayne.= 1818-1883. Author of tales of adventure for young readers. _Pub. Rou. Sh._

=Reid, Thomas.= 1710-1796. Scotch metaphysician. Author Inquiry into the Human Mind, Essays on the Intellectual Powers, etc. _See Hamilton's edition of Reid, 1846._

=Reynolds, Frederick.= 1765-1841. Dramatist. Author of nearly 100 plays, of which The Dramatist and Folly as it Flies are the best.

=Reynolds, George W. M.= ---- 1879. Novelist. Author Mysteries of London, Reformed Highwayman, etc. Style sensational, and influence pernicious. _Pub. Di. Pet._

=Reynolds, Sir Joshua.= 1723-1792. Artist. Author Discourse on Painting. _See Malone's edition of, 1797._ _See Lives by Malone, Northcote, Farrington, Cotton, and Leslie, Mrs. Thackeray-Ritchie's Miss Angel, and Reynolds as a Portrait Painter, by J. E. Collins._

=Ricardo [re-kar'do], David.= 1792-1823. Political economist. Author High Price of Bullion, Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, etc. _See McCulloch's edition, 1846._

=Rice, James.= 1843-1882. Novelist. Colleague of Walter Besant, and author with him of Sweet Nelly My Heart's Delight, Golden Butterfly, and other novels. See Besant, Walter. _Pub. Har._

=Richards, Alfred Bate.= 1820-1876. Poet and dramatist. Author of Cromwell, Vandyck, and other dramas, Medea, and other vols. of poems, and the novel So Very Human.

=Richardson, Chas.= 1775-1865. Lexicographer. Author of an Eng. Dict. and The Study of Language.

=Richardson, Samuel.= 1689-1761. Novelist. Author Pamela, Clarissa Harlowe, and Sir Charles Grandison. The slow movement of these stories does not appeal readily to modern taste, but they display a wonderful knowledge of the workings of the human heart. Clarissa, the best, is a fine piece of realism. _See Taine's Eng. Lit., Masson's Novelists and their Styles, and Leslie Stephen's Hours in a Library._ _Pub. Ho. Rou._

=Richmond, Leigh.= 1772-1827. Moralist. Author The Dairyman's Daughter, etc. _Pub. Ca. Phi. Rou._

=Riddell, Mrs. Charlotte Eliza Lawson.= 18-- ----. Novelist. Author George Geith, A Life's Assize, The Senior Partner, etc. _Pub. Clx. Est. Har. Pet._

=Riddell, Henry Scott.= 1798-1870. Scotch poet. _See Grant Wilson's Poets of Scotland._

=Riddell, Mrs. J. H.= See Riddell, Mrs. Charlotte.

=Ritchie, Mrs. Anne Isabella.= See Thackeray-Ritchie.

=Ritchie, Leitch.= 1801-1865. Miscellaneous writer. Author of Headpieces and Tailpieces, Wearyfoot Common, Romance of French History, etc.

=Ritson, Joseph.= 1752-1803. Antiquary and critic.

=Roberts, Margaret.= 183 Novelist. Author Mademoiselle Mori, Denise, The Atelier du Lys, In the Olden Time, On the Edge of the Storm, Ose, Tempest tossed, Madame Fontenoy, Summerleigh Manor, etc. _Pub. Ho._

=Robertson, Frederick Wm.= 1816-1853. Religious writer. Author 4 vols. of sermons, which rank among the finest religious utterances of the age. _See Life, by Stopford Brooke, and Blackwood's Mag., Aug. 1862._ _Pub. Dut. Har._

=Robertson, James Burton.= 180 Historical writer. Author Lect. on Various Subjects of Ancient and Modern Hist., etc.

=Robertson, James Craigie.= 1813-1882. Ecclesiastical historian. Author Hist. of the Christian Church, Biography of Thomas a Becket, etc.

=Robertson, Thos. Wm.= 1829-1871. Dramatist. Author David Garrick, Ours, Caste, M. P., and other lively and popular plays.

=Robertson, Wm.= 1721-1793. Scotch historian. Author Hist. Scotland, Hist. Reign of Charles V., Hist. Discovery of America, etc. His style is picturesque, but his statements are sometimes inaccurate. _See Prescott's Robertson's Charles V. Pub. Har._

=Robinson, A. Mary F.= 185- ----. Poet and litterateur. Author of A Handful of Honeysuckle, The Crowned Hippolytus, Rural England, and Emily Bronte, in Famous Women Series, etc. _Pub. Rob._