Chapter XXXVIII: Section XXIX: Chapter III (3)

Unattached Cavalry:
1st Lancers of the Vistula 28 563 1 41 9 78 1 -- 130
27th Chasseurs 22 409 -- 7 2 11 1 5 26
4th Spanish Chasseurs 14 181 -- 2 -- 4 -- -- 6
----- -------- ---- ----- ----- ------- ---- ----- -----
Cavalry Total 250 3,762 8 118 34 307 3 26 496
----- -------- ---- ----- ----- ------- ---- ----- -----

ARTILLERY GÉNIE TRAIN:
Of 5th Corps 18 590 1 19 3 72 -- -- 95
Of other Units 25 600 No returns whatever. ?
ÉTAT-MAJOR ? ? 5 -- 8 -- -- -- 13
----- -------- ---- ----- ----- ------- ---- ----- -----
Total of Army 920 23,340 60 827 171 3,610 21 875 5,936

Return of casualties is signed Mocquery, 19 Juillet 1811.

Total present, 24,260. Total losses, 5,936.

[791] The 1/34th, 3/40th, 1/88th, 1/21st Léger, 3/100th were separated
from their regiments and garrisoned Badajoz.

[792] The 34th regiment returned, as is clear, all its missing as
killed.

[793] The 88th regiment returned, as is clear, all its killed as
missing.

[794] This assemblage of Grenadier companies can be identified, as to
its units, by the fact that in Martinien’s lists of killed and wounded,
we find names of officers of the 45th, 63rd, 95th, and 4th Poles, none
of which were present at Albuera. He accounts from these regiments for
4 officers killed and 9 wounded (45th 5 officers, 63rd 2 officers, 95th
1 officer, Poles 5 officers).

N.B.--The losses cannot be quite complete. Not only is the return for artillery and engineers, &c., for all units except the 5th Corps missing, but Martinien’s lists, which are absolutely secure evidence, since they give the name and regiment of every officer hit, show much larger totals than this report, 362 casualties instead of 241. This enormous difference of 121 casualties among officers, reported in the regimental lists, but ignored by Soult, cannot be explained away by adding the 21 prisoners to his total of 241, granting that all the prisoners were wounded. This still leaves a balance of 100 unaccounted for. The details of difference and of total casualties are:--

_Soult._ _Martinien._
Staff 13 27
34th 17 15
40th 14 23
64th 23 26
88th 11 12
21st Léger 16 13
100th 14 20
28th Léger 18 30
103rd Ligne 17 18
12th Léger 18 29
55th 10 14
58th 23 24
16th Léger 9 17
Grenadiers 10 13
2nd Hussars 4 5
10th Hussars 5 7
21st Chasseurs 3 5
4th Dragoons 4 11
20th Dragoons 5 12
26th Dragoons 3 3
14th Dragoons 1 1
17th Dragoons 3 6
27th Dragoons 3 5
1st Lancers 11 14
27th Chasseurs 3 3
4th Spanish
Chasseurs -- 3
Artillery
Génie Train 4 6
--- ---
660 899

See notes in text above, p. 395.

XVII

STRENGTH OF THE SPANISH ARMIES IN THE SUMMER OF 1811

By the kindness of Commandant Figueras of the Department of Archives in the War Ministry at Madrid, I am able to give the following sets of figures for the armies in the summer campaign of 1811. Unfortunately there is none for the Army of Catalonia (‘1st Army’ or ‘Army of the Right’) whose main body was destroyed at Tarragona in July. The others work out as follows:--

2ND ARMY, OR ARMY OF VALENCIA. General Charles O’Donnell.

_Officers._ _Men._

1st Division: Major-General
José Miranda 192 4,863 = 5,055 present under arms.
2nd Division: Major-General
Conde de Romré 108 2,892 = 3,000 ”
3rd Division: Major-General
Luis Bassecourt 47 2,006 = 2,053 ”
4th Division: Major-General
José Obispo 226 4,933 = 5,159 ”
Flying Column of the Empecinado ? 3,220 = 3,220 ”
Reserve (new levies):
Major-General B. Acuña 59 3,640 = 3,699 ”
Artillery 22 472 = 494 ”
Engineers 10 218 = 228 ”
---- ------ ------
June 1st, Field Army. Total 664 22,244 = 22,908 ”

Garrisons of Saguntum,
Oropesa, Peniscola 55 1,944 = 1,999 ”

N.B.--The cavalry regiments were not brigaded, but distributed among the divisions, each having one regiment, save Miranda’s division, which had two. Total about 2,565 sabres.

3RD ARMY, OR ARMY OF MURCIA. General Manuel Freire.

_Officers._ _Men._

1st Division: Brigadier-Gen.
A. La Cuadra 163 3,852 = 4,015 present under arms.
2nd Division: Brigadier-Gen.
Juan Creagh 166 4,276 = 4,442 ”
3rd Division: Brigadier-Gen.
Antonio Sanz 146 3,074 = 3,220 ”
1st Cavalry Division:
Brigadier-Gen. M. Ladron 129 885 = 1,014 ”
2nd ditto: Brigadier-Gen. V.
Osorio 80 629 = 709 ”
Artillery 35 751 = 786 ”
Engineers 22 245 = 267 ”
---- ------ ------
June 1st, Total Field Army 741 13,712 = 14,453 ”

Garrison of Cartagena 116 2,064 = 2,180 ”

5TH ARMY, OR ARMY OF ESTREMADURA. General Francisco Xavier Castaños.

_Officers._ _Men._

1st Division: Brigadier-Gen.
Carlos de España 143 3,333 = 3,476 present under arms.
Cavalry Brigade: Conde de
Penne Villemur 79 618 = 697 ”
Artillery 20 448 = 468 ”
Engineers 2 98 = 100 ”
---- ------ ------
June 1st, Total Field Army 244 4,497 = 4,741 ”

Garrisons of Albuquerque,
Valencia de Alcantara, &c. 165 2,688 = 2,853 ”

6TH ARMY, OR ARMY OF GALICIA. General Santocildes, vice General Abadia.

1st Division: Major-General Losada (Asturians) 5,459 present under arms.
2nd Division: Major-General Taboada 3,994 ”
3rd Division: Major-General Cabrera 2,567 ”
Reserve at Lugo 2,654 ”
Cavalry 631 ”
------
15,305

No figures for garrisons of Ferrol, Vigo, and Corunna, but they are believed to have amounted to about 5,500 men.

XVIII

STRENGTH OF THE FRENCH ARMY IN SPAIN, JULY 15, 1811

[From the returns in the _Archives Nationales_, Paris.]

I. ARMY OF THE SOUTH. MARSHAL SOULT.

1ST CORPS. Marshal Victor (including battalions of 9th Corps incorporated on June 28).

Division Conroux: 9th Léger (4 batts.), 24th, 96th Ligne
(3 batts. each) 5,905 present
Division Godinot: 8th Ligne (4 batts.), 16th Léger, 45th,
54th Ligne (3 batts. each) 8,133 ”
Division Villatte: 27th Léger, 63rd, 94th, 95th Ligne
(3 batts. each) 5,802 ”
Perreymond’s Light Cavalry: 2nd Hussars, 5th Chasseurs 1,015 ”
Latour-Maubourg’s Dragoons: 1st, 2nd, 4th, 9th, 14th,
26th regiments 2,905 ”
Artillery and Engineers, &c. 1,985 ”
Marines and sailors of Cadiz Lines flotilla 1,456 ”
------
27,201

Gross total of Corps with sick and detached added is 35,940.

4TH CORPS. General Sebastiani (including battalions incorporated from 9th Corps).

Division Ligier-Belair: 12th Léger (3 batts.), 32nd, 43rd,
58th Ligne (4 batts. each) 10,947 present
Division Dembouski: 4th, 7th, 9th Poles (2 batts. each) 4,918 ”
Ormancey’s Light Cavalry: 10th Chasseurs, 1st Lancers
of the Vistula 1,595 ”
Milhaud’s Dragoons: 5th, 12th, 16th, 20th, 21st regiments 2,484 ”
Artillery and Engineers 886 ”
------
20,830

Gross total of Corps with sick and detached added is 22,889.

5TH CORPS. Count Drouet D’Erlon (including battalions incorporated from 9th Corps).

Division Girard: 34th, 40th Ligne (2 batts. each), 64th,
88th Ligne (3 batts. each) 4,253 present
Division Claparéde: 21st, 28th Léger, 100th, 103rd Ligne
(3 batts. each) 4,183 ”
[Not including 1 batt. each of 34th, 40th, 88th, 100th
Ligne, and 21st Léger in garrison at Badajoz.]
Briche’s Light Cavalry: 10th Hussars, 21st Chasseurs 515 ”
Artillery and Engineers [not including Badajoz garrison] 618 ”
Garrison of Badajoz (5 battalions and detachments of
artillery, &c.) 2,887 ”
------
12,456

Gross total of Corps with sick and detached added is 22,296.

N.B.--This enormous proportion of absentees is largely due to the Albuera wounded, who had not yet rejoined.

Troops not included in the three Corps:
Brigade in the Kingdom of Cordova: 51st, 55th Ligne
(3 batts. each) 5,017 present
Unattached Cavalry: 17th, 27th Dragoons, 27th Chasseurs,
4th Spanish Chasseurs 1,942 ”
Unattached Artillery, Engineers, Train, &c. 1,381 ”

Total Army of the South, 68,827 present under arms.

Gross total, including sick and detached, 90,186.

II. ARMY OF THE CENTRE. KING JOSEPH.

The King’s French Guards, no figures given, but about 2,500 present
Spanish Division Hugo (10 battalions, 3 squadrons) 5,060 ”
Brigade Dessolles: 75th Ligne (3 batts.), 28th Ligne
(2½ batts.) 3,208 ”
German Division: 2nd Nassau and Baden (2 batts. each),
Frankfort (1 batt.), 123rd Ligne (late Dutch 2nd
regt.)[795] 4,214 ”
Treillard’s Light Horse: Westphalian and Nassau Chasseurs 663 ”
Lahoussaye’s Dragoons: 13th, 18th, 19th, 22nd regts. 2,213 ”
Artillery and Engineers, &c. 1,268 ”
Drafts for Armies of South and Portugal at Madrid, &c. 4,013 ”
------
23,139

Gross total of Army, with sick and detached, 25,537.

[795] Regiment of Hesse-Darmstadt about 1,000 bayonets is detached, on
its way to join the Badajoz garrison.

III. ARMY OF PORTUGAL.[796] MARSHAL MARMONT, DUKE OF RAGUSA.

Division Foy: 6th Léger, 39th, 69th, 76th Ligne
(3 batts. each) 5,541 present
Division Clausel: 25th Léger, 27th, 50th, 59th Ligne
(3 batts. each) 6,501 ”
Division Ferey: 31st Léger, 47th, 70th Ligne
(3 batts. each), 26th (2 batts.) 5,072 ”
Division Sarrut: 2nd and 4th Léger, 36th Ligne
(3 batts. each) 4,922 ”
Division Maucune: 15th, 66th, 82nd, 86th Ligne
(3 batts. each) 5,049 ”
Division Brennier: 17th Léger (3 batts.), 22nd Ligne
(4 batts.), 65th Ligne (3 batts.), Irlandais and
Regiment de Prusse (1 batt. each) 5,332 ”
Lamotte’s Light Cavalry: 1st and 3rd Hussars,
15th and 22nd Chasseurs 613 ”
Fournier’s Light Cavalry: 7th, 17th, 20th Chasseurs 701 ”
Wathier’s Light Cavalry: 11th and 24th Chasseurs,
5th Hussars 564 ”
Montbrun’s Dragoons: 3rd, 6th, 8th, 10th, 11th,
15th, 25th regts. 1,463 ”
Artillery, Train, Engineers, &c. 2,875 ”
------
Total 38,633

Gross Total of Army, with sick (12,668) and detached, 57,949.

[796] Garrison of Rodrigo (1 batt. each of 26th, 65th, 66th,
Légion du Midi, and Regiment de Prusse, making 1,997 men) is
included under the divisional figures above.

IV. ARMY OF ARAGON. MARSHAL SUCHET.

Division Musnier: 1st Léger, 114th and 121st Ligne
(3 batts. each), 1st Vistula (2 batts.) 7,689 present
Division Frère: 14th and 42nd Ligne (3 batts. each),
115th (4 batts.), 2nd Vistula (2 batts.) 7,826 ”
Division Harispe: 7th Ligne (4 batts.), 116th (3 batts.),
44th, and 3rd Vistula (2 batts. each) 6,380 ”
Division Habert: 5th Léger (2 batts.), 16th and 117th
Ligne (3 batts. each) 4,433 ”
Italian Division Peyri: 1st and 2nd Léger, 4th, 5th, and
6th Line (2 batts. each), Dragons Napoléon, Chasseurs
Royaux (2 squadrons each) 4,892 ”
Neapolitan Brigade Compère: 1st and 2nd Ligne, 1st
Léger (1 batt. each), and 2 squadrons of Chasseurs 1,808 ”
Boussard’s Cavalry Brigade: 13th Cuirassiers, 4th
Hussars, 24th Dragoons 1,876 ”
Artillery, Engineers, Train, &c. 3,645 present
Garrisons 2,244 ”
Drafts on the march 2,990 ”
------
Total 43,783

Gross Total of Army with sick and detached, 51,088.

V. ARMY OF THE NORTH. GENERAL DORSENNE.

(_a_) Imperial Guard, Divisions Dumoustier and Roguet,
4 regiments of Voltigeurs, 4 of Tirailleurs, 1 of
Chasseurs, 1 of Fusiliers-Chasseurs, 1 _bataillon
de marche_ 15,166 present
Lepic’s Guard Cavalry 1,189 ”
Cavalry attached (Lancers of Berg) 835 ”
Guard Artillery, &c. 878 ”

(_b_) Navarre, Division Reille, 10th, 21st, 81st Ligne (4
batts. each), 60th Ligne (3 batts.) 8,221 ”
Navarre, over and above Reille, garrisons, and drafts 1,623 ”
Biscay, Division Caffarelli: 10th Léger (4 batts.), 5th
Léger, 3rd, 52nd, 105th Ligne (3 batts. each) 7,543 ”
Biscay, over and above Caffarelli, 130th Léger (3 batts.),
and drafts, &c. 4,340 ”
Burgos, Division Souham: 1st, 62nd, 101st Ligne (4
batts. each), 23rd Léger (2 batts.) 7,971 ”
Burgos, over and above Souham, provisional battalions,
garrisons, and drafts 8,714 ”
Valladolid and Salamanca, Division Serras: 113th Ligne
(2 batts.), 12th Léger, 2nd and 4th Swiss, Garde de
Paris (1 batt. each), and cavalry, &c. 5,063 ”
Valladolid and Salamanca, over and above Serras, 34th
Ligne (3 batts.), 4th Vistula (2 batts.), Neuchâtel
(1 batt.), 6 _bataillons de marche_, and
cavalry attached 8,106 ”
Asturias, Division Bonnet: 118th, 119th, 122nd Ligne
(3 batts. each), 120th Ligne (4 batts.) 7,962 ”
Artillery, Engineers, &c., in the five governments
named above 2,367 ”
Italian Division Severoli (destined for Suchet’s Army):
1st and 2nd Léger, 4th and 6th Ligne (1 batt. each),
1st and 7th Ligne (3 batts. each) 7,661 ”
Italian Artillery, Engineer, and Cavalry Drafts with
Severoli 803 ”
------
Total 88,442

Gross Total of Army, including sick and detached, 99,442.

VI. ARMY OF CATALONIA. MARSHAL MACDONALD.

Division Maurice Mathieu: 5th Ligne (3 batts.), 18th
Léger, 23rd and 56th Ligne (1 batt. each), 1st of
Nassau (2 batts.) 5,411 present
Division Quesnel: 79th Ligne (3 batts.), 23rd Léger (2
batts.), 93rd Ligne(1 batt.), 29th Chasseurs
(3 squadrons) 3,890 ”
Division Plauzonne: 3rd Léger (4 batts.), 11th Ligne (3
batts.), 32nd Léger (1 batt.) 4,389 ”
Brigade Petit: 67th Ligne (4 batts.), 16th and 81st Ligne
(1 batt. each) 2,416 ”
Brigade Lefebvre: 8th Léger, 37th and 60th Ligne (1
batt. each), regiment of Westphalia, and 3 provisional
battalions 3,725 ”
Garrison of Montlouis: Würzburg and 2nd Swiss (1 batt.
each) 1,429 ”
Garrison of Rosas 477 ”
Garrison of Gerona: 102nd Ligne (2 batts.), Berg and
Valais (1 batt. each) 1,429 ”
Artillery, Engineers, &c. 824 ”
------
Total 23,590

Gross Total of Army, including sick and detached, 30,259.

GENERAL TOTAL OF FRENCH ARMY IN SPAIN

_Present under
Arms._ _Gross Total._

Army of the South 68,827 90,186
Army of the Centre 23,139 25,537
Army of Portugal 38,633 57,949
Army of Aragon 48,783 51,088
Army of the North 88,442 99,442
Army of Catalonia 23,590 30,259
-------- ---------
291,414 354,461

Not including General Monthion’s ‘Reserve of the Army of Spain’ at Bayonne, with 251 officers and 8,047 men.

XIX

THE FRENCH AND SPANISH FORCES AT THE SIEGE OF TARRAGONA

I. SUCHET’S ARMY

N.B.--The divisional and brigade organization is provisional; compare for theoretical organization, p. 640.

Frère’s Division: 1st Léger (3 batts.), 1st of the Vistula
(2 batts.), 14th Ligne (1 batt.), 42nd Ligne (3 batts.) 4,821 present

Harispe’s Division: 7th and 16th Ligne (3 batts. each),
Italian 2nd Léger and 4th, 5th, 6th Ligne (2 batts. each) 6,561 ”

Habert’s Division: 5th Léger, 116th and 117th Ligne
(2 batts. each) 3,088 ”

Abbé’s Brigade (arrived in June): 114th, 115th, 121st
Ligne (2 batts. each) 3,657 ”
------
Total Infantry 18,127

Boussard’s Cavalry: 24th Dragoons, 13th Cuirassiers
(3 squadrons each), 4th Hussars, Italian Dragons de
Napoléon (2 squadrons each) 1,447 ”

Artillery and Artillery Train 1,352 ”

Engineers and Train 708 ”
------
General Total 21,634

II. THE SPANISH GARRISON

There are unfortunately no figures forthcoming at Madrid for the Army of Catalonia between December 10th, 1810, and August 1811, all apparently having been lost or destroyed at the siege of Tarragona. In December the Army of Catalonia had consisted of--Sarsfield’s Division, 5,462 men present; Courten’s, 4,791 men present; Eroles’s, 2,538 men present; garrisons (Tortosa, Tarragona, Seu d’Urgel, &c.), 13,040 = Total 25,651.

Of these there seem to have been present in Tarragona, in May and June, the whole of Courten’s division, presumably still somewhat under 5,000 men (regiments of America, Granada, Almanza, and Almeria, 9 batts.), a sedentary garrison composed of 6 battalions of the new Catalan ‘sections’ or local line and a few other troops, and the greater part of Sarsfield’s division, sent in by Campoverde on June 10th, with some small succours sent from Valencia and elsewhere. The whole must have made up some 15,000 men, though such a number was not present at any one time within the walls. According to Suchet’s surrender-roll of the garrison (see Belmas, iii. 601) there were still 8,000 men surviving at the moment of the storm, June 28th, 1811, viz.:--

Courten’s Division:
America 351
Almanza 613
Almeria 464
Granada 365
------
1,793

Sedentary Garrison:
Catalan ‘Sections’ 1,936
Tarragona 125
Artillery 793
Sappers and Engineers 166
-------
3,020

Other Troops (mainly from Sarsfield’s Division):
Santa Fé 343
2nd of Savoia 655
Iliberia 368
Saragossa 280
Gerona 241
1st of Savoia 502
Cazadores de Valencia 664
Grenadiers 164
Miscellaneous detachments
and isolated officers 70
Cavalry 166
-------
3,453

General Total 8,266

XX

WELLINGTON’S ARMY ON THE BEIRA FRONTIER [FROM THE RETURN OF SEPTEMBER 15, 1811.]

BRITISH CAVALRY (STAPLETON COTTON)

Slade’s Brigade {1st Royal Dragoons 406
{112th Light Dragoons 372

Alten’s Brigade {11th Light Dragoons 377
{1st Hussars K.G.L. 413

Anson’s Brigade {14th Light Dragoons 344
{16th Light Dragoons 373

De Grey’s Brigade[797]{3rd Dragoon Guards 369
{4th Dragoons 358

Total British Cavalry, 161 officers, 2,851 men = 3,012.

[797] De Grey’s brigade properly belonged to Erskine’s 2nd Cavalry
Division, absent with Hill in Estremadura. But Wellington had called
it up to the main army when Le Marchant’s heavy dragoons arrived at
Lisbon, and sent the latter to Castello Branco, as part of Hill’s corps.

BRITISH INFANTRY

1ST DIVISION. Lieut.-General Sir THOMAS GRAHAM.

H. Campbell’s {1st Coldstream Guards 877
Brigade {1st Scots Fusilier Guards 886
{1 comp. 5/60th Foot 48

{2/24th Foot 300
{1/26th Foot 538
Stopford’s {2/42nd Foot 368
Brigade {1/79th Foot 374
{1 comp. 5/60th Foot 38

{1st Line battalion K.G.L. 533
Löwe’s {2nd ditto 502
Brigade {5th ditto 462

Total 1st Division = 4,926.

3RD DIVISION. Major-General T. PICTON.

{1/45th Foot 444
Wallace’s (vice {74th Foot 519
Mackinnon) {1/88th Foot 935
Brigade {3 companies 5/60th Foot 243

{2/5th Foot 462
Colville’s {77th Foot 560
Brigade {2/83rd Foot 401
{94th Foot 424

Total 3rd Division, 207 officers, 3,781 men = 3,988.

4TH DIVISION. Major-General LOWRY COLE.

{3/27th Foot 770
Kemmis’s {1/40th Foot 877
Brigade {97th Foot 279
{1 comp. 5/60th Foot 37

{1/7th Fusiliers 552
Pakenham’s {1/23rd R.W. Fusiliers 554
Brigade {1/48th Foot 383
{1 comp. Brunswick Oels 49

Total 4th Division, 155 officers, 3,346 men = 3,501.

5TH DIVISION. Brigadier-General DUNLOP (for LEITH).

{3/1st Foot 682
Hay’s {1/9th Foot 626
Brigade {2/38th Foot 263
{1 comp. Brunswick Oels 63

{1/4th Foot 525
Dunlop’s {2/30th Foot 388
Brigade {2/44th Foot 392
{1 comp. Brunswick Oels 52

Total 5th Division, 162 officers, 2,829 men = 2,991.

6TH DIVISION. Major-General A. CAMPBELL.

{1/11th Foot 740
{2/53rd Foot 417
Hulse’s Brigade {1/61st Foot 624
{1 comp. 5/60th Foot 40

{2nd Foot 543
Burne’s Brigade {1/32nd Foot 794
{1/36th Foot 460

Total 6th Division, 181 officers, 3,437 men = 3,618.

7TH DIVISION. Major-General SONTAG.

{1st Light Batt. K.G.L. 602
V. Alten’s Brigade {2nd Light Batt. K.G.L. 516
{Brunswick Oels (9 comps.) 536

{51st Foot 309
Sontag’s Brigade {68th Foot 479
{85th Foot (5 comps.) 166
{_Chasseurs Britanniques_ 671

Total 7th Division, 161 officers, 3,118 men = 3,279.

LIGHT DIVISION. Major-General R. CRAUFURD.

{1/43rd Foot 1,005
Barnard’s Brigade {4 comps. 1/95th 317
{1 comp. 2/95th 86
{detachment 3/95th 297

{1/52nd Foot 771
2nd Brigade {2/52nd Foot 432
{4 companies 1/95th 339

Total Light Division, 148 officers, 3,099 men = 3,247.

ARTILLERY[798]:

British: Bull’s, Ross’s, and Macdonald’s Troops R.H.A.,
Lawson’s and Bredin’s companies R.A. (including drivers) 464
German: Sympher’s company K.G.L. 77

ENGINEERS[798] 143

WAGGON TRAIN[798] 136

[798] The artillery and engineer returns, both British and Portuguese,
are given in bulk for the whole army, including Hill’s force in
Estremadura and units left at Lisbon. Distributing the numbers
proportionately, the above figures would result; they cannot be far
wrong.

TOTAL BRITISH ARMY

Cavalry 3,012
1st Division 4,920
3rd Division 3,988
4th Division 3,501
5th Division 2,991
6th Division 3,018
7th Division 3,279
Light Division 3,247
Artillery 541
Engineers 143
Waggon Train 136
------
Total 29,382

PORTUGUESE (officers and men together)

3rd Division: Palmeirim’s Brigade (9th and 21st Line) 1,289
4th Division: Collins’s Brigade (11th and 23rd Line, 7th Caçadores) 2,982
5th Division: Spry’s Brigade (3rd and 15th Line, 8th Caçadores) 2,014
6th Division: Madden’s Brigade (8th and 12th Line) 2,069
7th Division: Coleman’s Brigade (7th and 19th Line, 2nd Caçadores) 1,823
Light Division: 1st and 3rd Caçadores 953
Pack’s Independent Brigade (1st and 16th Line, 4th Caçadores) 2,206
McMahon’s Independent Brigade (13th and 22nd Line, 5th Caçadores) 2,489
Madden’s Cavalry (1st, 3rd, 4th, 7th regiments) 1,014
Artillery, 5 batteries 510
------
Total 17,349

Total Allied Army = 46,731.

XXI

ALLIED LOSSES AT THE COMBAT OF EL BODON. SEPTEMBER 25, 1811

BRITISH LOSSES

_Killed._ _Wounded._ _Missing._
_Officers._ _Men._ _Officers._ _Men._ _Officers._ _Men._ _Total._

11th Light Dragoons -- 8 2 14 -- -- 24
1st Hussars, King’s German Legion -- 5 2 32 -- 5 44
2/5th Foot -- 5 1 13 -- -- 19
1/45th Foot -- -- -- -- -- 1 1
77th Foot -- 4 -- 14 -- 5 23
2/83rd Foot -- 5 -- 14 -- 5 24
1/88th Foot -- -- -- -- -- 5 5
94th Foot -- -- -- -- -- 1 1
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- -----
-- 27 5 87 -- 22 141
Portuguese (Artillery and
21st Line) -- 1 -- 5 -- 2 8

Total Allied loss, 149.

On the same day there took place the separate combat of Carpio, in which the British loss was--

14th Light Dragoons -- -- 1 2 -- -- 3
16th Light Dragoons -- -- -- 8 -- 1 9

Total, 12 killed, wounded, and missing.

XXII

ALLIED LOSSES AT THE COMBAT OF ALDEA DA PONTE SEPTEMBER 28, 1811

BRITISH LOSSES
_Killed._ _Wounded._ _Missing._
_Officers._ _Men._ _Officers._ _Men._ _Officers._ _Men._ _Total._
Royal Horse Artillery -- -- 1 -- -- -- 1
1st Royal Dragoons -- -- -- 3 -- 1 4
12th Light Dragoons -- -- -- 2 -- 4 6
1/7th Fusiliers -- 9 4 29 -- -- 42
1/23rd Fusiliers 1 2 2 13 -- 1 19
1/48th Foot -- -- 1 7 -- 2 10
5/60th -- -- 1 -- -- -- 1
Brunswick Oels -- 1 -- 3 -- -- 4
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- -----
1 12 9 57 -- 8 87
Portuguese Losses -- 1 -- 11 -- 1 13

Total loss of the Allied Army = 100.

XXIII

HILL’S FORCE IN ESTREMADURA SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 1811

_Officers._ _Men._ _Total._
2nd Division:
Byng’s Brigade: 1/3rd, 1/57th, 2/31st, 2/66th}
Howard’s Brigade: 1/50th, 1/71st, 1/92nd } 306 5,548 5,854
Wilson’s Brigade: 1/28th, 1/34th, 1/39th }
Hamilton’s Portuguese Division:
2nd, 4th, 10th, 14th Line (2 batts. each) 224 4,858 5,082
Ashworth’s Portuguese Brigade:
6th and 18th Line and 6th Caçadores (5 batts.) 81 2,338 2,419
CAVALRY. Major-General Sir W. ERSKINE:
Long’s Cavalry Brigade: 9th and 13th Light
Dragoons, 2nd Hussars K.G.L. 50 803 853
Le Marchant’s Brigade: 3rd Dragoons, 4th
Dragoon Guards 36 929 965
Brigade of Portuguese Cavalry (5th and 8th regts.) 57 591 648
[799]Artillery, British: Lefebure’s Troop R.H.A.,
Hawker’s and Meadows’s Companies R.A., about 20 320 340
[799]Artillery, Portuguese: 2 companies (Arriaga and
Braun), about 10 220 230
[799]Engineers and Train, about 13 80 93
--- ------ ------
General Total 797 15,687 16,484

[799] For figures of Artillery, Engineers, &c., see note to previous
Appendix, No. XX.

XXIV

BRITISH AND PORTUGUESE ARTILLERY IN THE CAMPAIGN OF 1811

Major J. H. Leslie, R.A., the editor of the ‘Dickson Manuscripts,’ has been good enough to compile and annotate the following list of the Artillery units which served in the various campaigns of the year 1811.

I. ROYAL HORSE ARTILLERY

The following Troops were serving in the Peninsula in 1811:--

_Troop._ _Under the command of._ _Arrived in _Designation in 1911._
Peninsula._

A Captain H. D. Ross July 1809 ‘A’ Battery, R.H.A.
D Captain G. Lefebure March 1810 ‘V’ Battery, R.H.A.[800]
E Captain R. Macdonald August 1811 ‘E’ Battery, R.H.A.
I Captain R. Bull August 1809 ‘I’ Battery, R.H.A.

[800] D troop was reduced in 1816, and re-formed in 1900, under
its present designation.

‘A’ and ‘I’ Troops served with Wellington’s Army during Masséna’s retreat in the spring of 1811, and in the campaign of Fuentes de Oñoro.

In that battle ‘A’ Troop was with the left wing, and did not come into action, but ‘I’ Troop was hotly engaged, and it was whilst in charge of two guns of the Troop that 2nd Captain W. Norman Ramsay performed his celebrated exploit.

‘D’ Troop was with Beresford’s Army and present at Albuera, May 16.

‘E’ Troop did not arrive from England until the autumn, and was then attached to the 7th Division of the Army.

II. ROYAL (FOOT) ARTILLERY

The 14 companies shown in the following tables were serving in the Peninsula in 1811.

NOTE.--In 1811 there were 10 battalions of Royal (Foot) Artillery, the companies of which were always designated by the names of the commanding officer, whether he was actually present with his company or not.

_Battalion._ _Under the command of._ _Arrived in _Designation in 1911._
Peninsula._

1st Captain J. May March 1809 2nd Battery, R.F.A.
4th Captain (Brevet Major) October 1810 72 Company, R.G.A.
J. Hawker
7th Captain G. Thompson March 1809 18th Battery, R.F.A.
8th Captain (Brevet Major) August 1808 27th Battery, R.F.A.
A. Bredin
8th Captain R. Lawson August 1808 87th Battery, R.F.A.
8th Captain P. Meadows October 1810 Reduced in 1819.

Thompson’s and Lawson’s Companies served with Wellington’s Army during Masséna’s retreat into Spain in the spring of 1811, and in the campaign of Fuentes de Oñoro.

Later in the year--August--Thompson’s Company was withdrawn from the front, owing to continued sickness, and replaced by Bredin’s Company.

Hawker’s Company served with Beresford’s Army. It was present at the battle of Albuera, and at the two unsuccessful sieges of Badajoz (May-June 1811).

Meadows’s Company went to the front late in the year, replacing Cleeves’s Company of the King’s German Legion.

May’s Company (under the command of 2nd Captain H. Baynes, May being employed on the Staff) accompanied the Army, in charge of the Reserve Ammunition.

The other eight companies did not join the Army at the front, except Raynsford’s for a short period.

_Battalion._ _Under the command of._ _Arrived in _Designation in 1911._
Peninsula._

5th Captain F. Glubb March 1809 48 Company, R.G.A.
6th Captain H. F. Holcombe April 1811 102 Company, R.G.A.
8th Captain R. T. Raynsford April 1811 78 Company, R.G.A.
5th Captain H. Owen January 1810 60 Company, R.G.A.
9th Captain P. J. Hughes January 1810 Reduced in 1819
10th Captain W. Roberts March 1810 68 Company, R.G.A.
10th Captain A. Dickson[801] April 1810 21 Company, R.G.A.
10th Captain W. H. Shenley April 1810 11 Company, R.G.A.

[801] This company was actually commanded by Captain R. H. Birch, as
Dickson was serving in the Portuguese Artillery.

Glubb’s and Holcombe’s Companies were attached during the latter part of 1811 to the siege-train, which was being equipped on the Douro by Major A. Dickson, for the proposed siege of Ciudad Rodrigo.

Raynsford’s Company took part in the second siege of Badajoz--May 30 to June 10.

The other five companies were stationed in Cadiz and the Isla de Leon.

III. KING’S GERMAN LEGION ARTILLERY

Two of the three companies of the Legion Foot Artillery (Nos. 2 and 4, commanded by Captains Andrew Cleeves and Frederick Sympher), which had been in the Peninsula for the last two years, accompanied Beresford on his Estremaduran expedition, and were present at the battle of Albuera. Cleeves’s was so cut up that it was sent to the rear in June, Meadows’s British Company taking its place at the front. The third company, that of Gesenius, was left at Lisbon.

IV. PORTUGUESE ARTILLERY

(The details are taken from Captain Teixeira Botelho’s _Subsidios_.)

(_a_) Five Portuguese field-batteries accompanied Wellington in his pursuit of Masséna and in the Fuentes de Oñoro campaign.

Two of these batteries, brigaded together under Major V. von Arentschildt, came from the 2nd regiment and were attached to Picton’s Division; they were commanded by Lieutenants J. C. de Sequeira and 2nd Lieut. J. C. Rosado.

A third, also from the 2nd regiment, under the command of Captain F. C. Pinto, was attached to Pack’s Portuguese brigade.

One battery from the 1st regiment, under the command of Captain J. da Cunha Preto, was attached to the 5th Division in these campaigns.

Another battery of the same regiment (Captain Pedro de Rozierres) was attached to the 6th Division.

(_b_) Two batteries, brigaded under Major Alexander Dickson, accompanied Beresford’s Army to Estremadura and fought at Albuera, viz. one from the 2nd regiment under Captain W. Braun, and one from the 1st regiment under Captain S. J. de Arriaga.

(_c_) For the two sieges of Badajoz in May and June, the 2nd regiment supplied a half-company under Captain F. A. de Sequeira; the 1st regiment a company under Captain F. Pedrosa Barreto; and the 3rd regiment three companies, the captains’ names of which are not preserved, save one, José de Sampayo.

(_d_) The 4th regiment supplied Silveira with two batteries under Captains F. J. de Mariz and D. G. Ferreri, which were engaged in his combats with Claparéde in the early part of the year.

(_e_) The half-company which defended Campo Mayor in March came from the 3rd regiment and was commanded by Lieut. J. J. Leál Morteira.

INDEX

Abadia, Francisco Xavier, general, supersedes Santocildes, 469;
retires before Dorsenne’s advance, 470, 473.

Abbé, general, at siege of Tortosa, 230, 235, 246;
at siege of Tarragona, 511;
at storm of Montserrat, 533.

Abrantes, Duke of, _see_ Junot.

Alacha, Major-General Lilli, Conde de, governor of Tortosa, 232;
capitulates, 237;
tried and condemned by Junta, 240.

Albuera, Wellington’s choice of the position, 280;
battle of, 372-94.

Albuquerque, disgraceful surrender of, 256.

Alcantara, orders of Napoleon concerning its bridge, 544.

Alcina, Commissary, his plot to seize Monjuich, 244;
shot, 245.

Alcobaça, monastery of, wrecked by French, 135.

Aldea da Ponte, combat of, 578-9.

Alfayates, Wellington’s chosen position at, 298, 409, 557, 579.

Almada, Lines of, constructed by Wellington, 73.

Almaraz, bridge of, fortified by Marmont, 543.

Almeida, Drouet at, 18;
endangered by Masséna’s retreat, 181;
blockaded by Wellington, 201;
defence of, by Brennier, 288-9;
Masséna fails to relieve, 342;
blown up and evacuated by Brennier, 351-6;
destroyed a second time by Pack, 437;
repaired and re-garrisoned, 550, 584.

Almenara, José Hervas, Marquis of, King Joseph’s envoy to Paris, 215.

Almeria, evacuated by the French, 477;
Blake lands at, 478;
reoccupied by Soult, 482.

Alten, Major-General V., defends Albuera village, 378, 389.

Alva, river, Wellington forces the line of the, 163-5.

Andalusia, Soult’s position in, 26-31;
troubles in, during his absence, 57-8;
Graham’s and La Peña’s campaign in, 90-125;
Soult returns to, 129;
invaded by Blake, 475;
Soult drives the Murcians from, 480-4;
insurrections in, during the autumn, 593-4.

Anglona, Prince of, in Tarifa expedition, 99, 102.

Anson, George, major-general, 8;
operations of his cavalry, 439, 450, 463, 572, 580.

Aragon, operations in, by Suchet’s lieutenants, 246, 486, 507, 535.

Aremberg, Prosper, Prince of, operations of in Andalusia, 277-8;
taken prisoner at Arroyo dos Molinos, 605.

Arroyo dos Molinos, Hill surprises Girard at, 603-5.

Artillery, table of the British in the Peninsula in 1811, _see_ pages
650-1.

Astorga, destroyed and evacuated by the French, 466;
reoccupied, 471.

Asturias, operations in, 210-11;
evacuated by Bonnet (June), 465-6;
reoccupied by Bonnet (November), 585-6.

Baccelar, Manuel, general, commander of Portuguese forces in the
north, 19, 20, 211.

Badajoz, besieged by Soult, 38-58;
surrenders, 61;
Wellington’s remarks on, 249;
first siege of, by Beresford, 274-9, 287;
second British siege of, 404-31;
relief of, by Marmont, 446;
regarrisoned by Drouet, 457.

Balaguer, San Felipe de, seized by the French, 242;
Campoverde fails to recover it, 245.

Ballasteros, Francisco, 24;
encounters Mortier, 33;
driven by Gazan into Portugal, 33, 34, 93;
defeats Remond on the Rio Tinto, 58, 128;
and at La Palma, 129;
pursued by Maransin, 277-8;
informs Beresford of Soult’s move on Badajoz, 369;
at Albuera, 377-94;
with Blake, 475;
retires before Conroux, 476;
his successes against Godinot, 483;
sustains the revolt in Southern Andalusia, 593-4.

Baraguay d’Hilliers, Achille, commands French force in Northern
Catalonia, 484, 493-5, 538.

Barba del Puerco, Brennier’s skirmish at, 353-4.

Barcelona, conspiracy in, 244-5.

Barnard, Andrew, colonel, at Barrosa, 111.

Barrosa, Victor defeated at, by Graham, 106-25.

Batalha, monastery, wrecked by French, 135.

Baza, operations of Soult against the Murcian army near, 480-1.

Beckwith, Colonel S., his exploits at Sabugal, 191.

Beguines, general, joins Tarifa expedition, 95, 98 _note_, 101, 107,
110, 117, 124, 127.

Belpuig, captured by the Catalans, 541.

Belveder, Conde de, forced out of the pass of Manzanal by
Dorsenne, 470.

Benalcazar, threatened by Colborne, 284;
captured by Morillo, 597.

Beresford, William Carr, marshal, takes command of detached forces
beyond the Tagus, 5;
sent to the relief of Badajoz, 60, 89;
in pursuit of Masséna, 86;
leads expedition into Estremadura, 160, 248;
marches on Campo Mayor, 252;
at combat of Campo Mayor, 263, 264;
unfortunate delay in crossing Guadiana, 265-70;
invests Badajoz, 279;
raises siege, 287;
prepares for Soult’s advance, 369;
wins battle of Albuera, 372-94;
gives up command of Estremaduran army, 415.

Bessières, Jean Baptiste, Duke of Istria, marshal, appointed head of
the ‘Army of the North’, 208;
in Old Castile, 209;
his reports to Napoleon, 209;
quarrels with Masséna, 303;
joins Masséna at Ciudad Rodrigo, 304;
at Fuentes de Oñoro, 329-48;
tries to keep Marmont from joining Soult, 434;
takes over the charge of frontier of Leon, 434, 461-4, 466, 467;
recalled by Napoleon, 468.

Bevan, colonel, misfortunes of at Almeida, 353, 356.

Blake, Joachim, general, joins Ballasteros in Estremadura, 279;
with Beresford before Albuera, 371;
at battle of Albuera, 372-98;
Wellington’s strictures on, 399;
in pursuit of Soult, 411;
moves to threaten Seville, 444, 475;
retires before Conroux, 476;
joins Army of Murcia, 478, 482.

Blakeney, Robert, his account of Barrosa, 110, 113, 114, 116;
at Arroyo dos Molinos, 604.

Blakeney, J., colonel of 7th Fusiliers, describes Albuera, 391, 392.

Blunt, general, commands at Peniche, 7, 22.

Bonnet, general, in Asturias, 211, 462;
ordered to fall back to Leon, 465;
opposed by Santocildes, 468;
in Leon, 469, 473;
reconquers the Asturias, 585-6.

Bornos, combat of, 594.

Brennier, Antoine François, general, governor of Almeida, 288;
evacuates Almeida, 351-4;
promoted by Napoleon, 357;
receives command of a division, 361.

Bron, general, defeated at Usagre, 413-14;
captured at Arroyo dos Molinos, 603.

Browne, John Frederick, colonel, his exploits at Barrosa, 109-10, 112.

Bushe, colonel, commands Portuguese at Barrosa, 111-17;
mortally wounded, 118.

Cabrera, general, in Galicia, 213, 466.

Cadiz, operations round, 93-125.

Caffarelli, Louis Marie, general, commands division in Army of the
North, 225, 474.

Cagigal, Major-General José, his disgraceful surrender of
Albuquerque, 256.

Cameron, colonel of 79th, killed at Fuentes de Oñoro, 335.

Campbell, general, commanding at Gibraltar, sends troops to
Graham, 94, 95.

Campbell, Alex., general, takes command of Portuguese blockading
Almeida, 351;
allows Brennier to escape, 353-6.

Campo Mayor, siege of, 254, 255;
combat of, 258-64.

Campoverde, Marquis of, captain-general of Catalan army, 240, 243;
fails to surprise Monjuich, 245;
his unfortunate operations round Figueras, 494-495;
returns to Tarragona, 501;
leaves it, 505;
his feeble attempts to relieve it, 507-11;
resigns his command, 529.

Carpio, combat of, 563.

Casal Novo, combat of, 151.

Casas Viejas, skirmish of, 101.

Cassagne, general, holds Medina Sidonia, 101, 105;
operations of, 125-6.

Castañon, general, in Galicia, 466-7;
forced out of pass of Fuencebadon, 470.

Castaños, Xavier, general, succeeds La Romana as captain-general, 46,
212;
promises to aid Beresford, 272, 281;
retires before Soult’s advance, 369;
co-operates at Albuera, 371;
operations of, in Estremadura, 597.

Castillejos, combat of, 34.

Catalonia, campaigns in, 227-46, 484-541.

Caya, Wellington’s position on the, June-July 1811, 443-50.

Celorico, operations around, during Masséna’s retreat, 167, 173.

Cervera, captured by Lacy, 541.

Ciudad Rodrigo, blockaded by Wellington, 547-8;
relieved by Marmont and Dorsenne, 560;
again blockaded, 583;
its governor captured by Julian Sanchez, 587.

Claparéde, general, commands division under Drouet, 17;
routs Silveira, 21;
at Fuentes, 333.

Clausel, Bertrand, general, commanding a division of the 8th
Corps, 8, 13;
commanding a division under Marmont, 361.

Cochrane, Colonel Basil, his rash
charge at the bridge of Barba del Puerco, 354-6.

Codrington, British commodore, co-operates in defence of Tarragona,
501, 515, 519-20;
ships off a Valencian division, 529-30.

Cogorderos, combat of, 467.

Coimbra, Masséna fails to seize, 140, 149.

Colborne, John, colonel, operations of, in Estremadura, 284;
at Albuera, 376;
heavy losses of his brigade, 384.

Cole, Lowry, general, sent to join Army of Estremadura, 161, 172;
with Beresford in Estremadura, 257, 269, 273;
at battle of Albuera, 372;
leads charge of Fusilier Brigade, 380-1;
his share in the victory, 401-3.

Condeixa, Wellington and Masséna’s operations round, 144-5.

Conroux, Nicolas, general, with Drouet’s 9th Corps, 17;
at Fuentes, 333;
pursues Blake, 476.

Contreras, Juan Senen, general, governor of Tarragona, 506-7;
his efforts to defend the place, 509-10;
his quarrel with Campoverde, 518;
wounded and taken prisoner, 524;
escapes from France, 527.

Cooke, general, takes over command of the troops at Cadiz from
Graham, 130.

Copons, Francisco, general, at Cadiz, 93, 94.

Coupigny, Marquis, supersedes La Peña, 130.

Courten, general, tries to surprise Monjuich, 245;
defends Tarragona, 496;
taken prisoner, 524.

Craufurd, Robert, general, on leave in England, 135;
his return to the Peninsula, 289;
commands the Light Division at Fuentes, 320, 324, 337;
his operations round Ciudad Rodrigo, 572-3.

Cristobal, San, Fort at Badajoz, 38;
Beresford vainly attacks, 285-6;
disastrous attempts to storm, 421-7.

Cruz Murgeon, general, mistakes of, at Barrosa, 107-9, 117.

Daricau, general, governor of Seville, 57;
joins Remond against
Ballasteros, 128, 129;
dangers of, in Seville, 368;
threatened by Blake, 475.

Dickson, Major Alexander, commands Portuguese artillery at siege of
Olivenza, 272;
collects siege-train for Badajoz, 273-6;
at siege of Badajoz, 284-7;
at second siege, 419, 422;
conducts Wellington’s siege-train to Villa da Ponte, 549-50;
and to Almeida, 584.

‘Die-hards’, the, 57th regiment, at Albuera, 386.

Dilkes, general, at Barrosa, 111.

Dombrouski, general, escapes from Arroyo dos Molinos, 602, 604;
at Merida, 606.

Dorsenne, General Count, commanding at Burgos, 467, 468;
succeeds Bessières, 468;
invades Galicia, 469-71;
helps Marmont to relieve Ciudad Rodrigo, 558-60;
at Fuente Guinaldo, 575;
operations of, in the late autumn, 585-6.

Doyle, General Charles, British Commissioner in Catalonia, 519.

Drouet, Jean Baptiste, Comte d’Erlon, leads 9th Corps to join Army
of Portugal, 17-20;
meets Masséna, 21;
at Leiria, 22, 63;
detached by Masséna and sent to Spanish frontier, 139, 178;
reports on state of Almeida, 181, 202, 301;
at Fuentes de Oñoro, 316-48;
goes to Andalusia, 407;
joins Soult, 441;
left with 5th Corps under Marmont, 455-6;
faces Hill in the late autumn, 595-7;
operations of, in December, 606.

Drummond, colonel, operations of his brigade at Sabugal, 194.

Dumoustier, general, commands division in Army of the North, 463,
467, 469.

Duncan, major, commands artillery at Barrosa, 112-17, 119.

D’Urban, Sir Benjamin, his notes on the Portuguese commissariat, 70;
on Wellington’s plan for attacking Masséna, 83 _note_;
appreciation of Talaya, 256;
on crossing the Guadiana, 269;
at Albuera, 372;
remarks on second siege of Badajoz, 418;
on Soult’s inaction, 454;
and see _passim_.

Eblé, Jean Baptiste, general, builds bridge equipage at Punhete, 15.

El Bodon, combat of, 565-9.

El Medico (Dr. Juan Palarea), guerrillero chief, 213.

Empecinado, the, guerrillero chief, 213, 246.

Eroles, Baron, commands a division in Catalonia, 493-4, 511, 520, 540;
defeated at Montserrat, 532.

Erskine, Sir William, general, commands Light Division in Craufurd’s
absence, 135;
at Pombal, 139;
at combat of Casal Novo, 151, 152;
at Foz do Arouce, 156-8;
his mistakes at Sabugal, 191-6, 200;
fails to intercept convoys for Rodrigo, 289, 298, 299;
at Fuentes de Oñoro, 311;
fails to intercept French leaving Almeida, 352-6;
transferred to a cavalry division, 458.

España, Carlos de, general, serves near Abrantes, 16, 17;
moves to Estremadura, 43;
at Badajoz, 48, 49;
escapes after battle of Gebora, 54;
at battle of Albuera, 372;
his raids in Leon, 553, 584.

Estremadura, Soult’s expedition into, 23-61;
Beresford’s campaign in, 246-87;
Soult’s second invasion of, 363-95;
Wellington’s first campaign in, 404-58;
Hill’s operations in, 595-606.

Eugenio, general (Orsatelli), defeated and slain at Pla, 243.

Fane, captain R.N., his disastrous raid on Palamos, 241.

Fenwick, major, mortally wounded at Obidos, 7.

Ferey, general, his useless expedition beyond the Zezere, 15;
at Fuentes de Oñoro, 313-48;
commands one of Marmont’s divisions, 361.

Figueras, surprised by Rovira and the miqueletes, 491-2;
fighting round, 494-5;
gallant defence of, by Martinez, 535-7;
its surrender, 538.

Fletcher, Richard, colonel, commanding engineer at the siege of
Badajoz, 282, 284, 287;
at second siege, 417, 432.

Fonte Cuberta, Masséna’s adventure at, 147.

Foy, Maximilien, general, sent by Masséna to Napoleon, 10, 28, 206;
his return with dispatches to Masséna, 75;
again sent to Paris, 177;
his report to the Emperor, 295;
carries letter of recall to Masséna, 357;
his estimate of Marmont, 359-60;
receives command of a division, 361;
his diversion during the El Bodon campaign, 581.

Foz do Arouce, combat of, 155-8.

Freire, Manuel, general, commands Army of Murcia, advances against
French, 477;
joined by Blake, 478;
retreats before Soult’s advance, 481.

Fririon, François, chief of the staff to Masséna, his evidence
cited, 10, 17, 71, 147, 148, 167, 172, 176, 197, 343-8.

Fueute Guinaldo, Wellington’s position at, its dangers, 572-5.

Fuentes de Oñoro, position of, 307-10;
battle, 310-48.

Galicia, state of, in the spring of 1811, 212;
operations on the borders of, 465-72;
Army of, under Santocildes, 465-8;
and Abadia, 469-71;
Wellington’s views on, 292-3, 473-4.

Gasca, colonel, his circuitous retreat to Valencia, 531.

Gazan, Honoré, general, his pursuit of Ballasteros, 33, 34, 93;
at Badajoz, 41;
returns to Andalusia with Soult, 129;
at Albuera, 380.

Gebora, battle of the, 51-5.

George III, political results of the insanity of, 65.

George, Prince Regent, continues Perceval ministry, 66.

Gibraltar, threatened by the French, 594.

Gijon, occupied by the French, 210, 586.

Girard, Jean Baptiste, general, operations of, 35-9, 48-50;
at Albuera, 379-402;
surprised by Hill at Arroyo dos Molinos, 601-5.

Godinot, general, his operations at Albuera, 378, 389;
sent against Blake, 454, 478;
defeats J. O’Donnell at Zujar, 480;
chases Ballasteros, 593;
his failure, commits suicide, 594.

Golegão, Masséna’s conference at, 77-80.

Gor, the Murcian army at, 479;
driven from the position, 480.

Gough, Hugh, major, leads Irish Fusiliers at Barrosa, 120.

Graham, Thomas, general, at Cadiz, 93;
his plan for an attack on Victor, 94, 95;
his career and character, 96, 97;
at Barrosa, 107-27;
his controversy with La Peña, 129-30;
transferred to Army of Portugal, 130;
commands Wellington’s left wing, 552-63, 572, 579;
criticism of, on the September campaign, 581-2.

Granada, insurrections in the kingdom of, 478, 483-4.

Grant, colonel, operations of his irregular force, 75.

Grattan, William, of the 88th, describes devastation of Portugal by
French, 135-6;
Masséna’s retreat, 171;
Fuentes de Oñoro, 333.

Guadiana, the, Beresford’s difficult passage of, 207-10.

Guarda, Masséna retreats on, 179;
combat of, 185, 186.

Guerrilleros, importance of the operations of, 206-7, 210, 213,
463-4, 472, 483.

Guingret, captain, his authority quoted, 12.

Habert, general, commands a division under Suchet, 241, 487, 490, 500;
leads the stormers at Tarragona, 522.

Hamilton, general, commands a Portuguese division, 4, 5;
at Albuera, 370.

Hardinge, Colonel Henry, urges Cole to charge at Albuera, 390, 391.

Harispe, general, commands a division under Suchet, 487, 497, 500, 516.

Herck, Manuel, governor of Olivenza, his disgraceful surrender, 36, 37.

Heudelet, general, at Santarem, 82-3;
at Sabugal, 195.

Hill, Lieut.-Col. J., captured at Fuentes de Oñoro, 328.

Hill, Rowland, general, commands 2nd Division, 4, 5;
invalided by
fever, 6;
returns and takes command of two divisions, 416, 457-9;
his autumn operations in Estremadura, 595-7;
routs Girard at Arroyo dos Molinos, 605.

Hoghton, general, his charge at Albuera and death, 385-7;
heavy losses of his brigade, 387, 388.

Houston, general, at Fuentes de Oñoro, 317-20;
at Badajoz, 424.

Imaz, General José, succeeds Menacho as governor of Badajoz, 56;
surrenders, 58-61;
Wellington’s remarks on, 249, 250.

Iremonger, colonel, his blunders at Almeida, 352.

Istria, Duke of, _see_ Bessières.

Jaca, Suchet opens route to France by, 488.

Jerumenha, bridges constructed at, 267, 283.

Joseph Bonaparte, King of Spain, quarrels with Bessières, 210;
his Army of the Centre, 213;
Napoleon’s intention to deprive him of Catalonia and give him
Portugal, 215;
proposes to abdicate, 217;
travels to Paris, 218;
his complaints against Bessières, 468.

Jourdan, Jean Baptiste, marshal, returns to Madrid, 219.

Junot, Andoche, general, Duke of Abrantes, his position north of
Santarem, 9, 13;
at skirmish of Rio Mayor, 75;
at council of Golegão, 78;
movements of, during Masséna’s retreat, 131, 132, 164, 179, 180;
at Belmonte, 186;
reaches Sabugal, 187, 202;
at Fuentes de Oñoro, 311-48;
returns to France, 360.

Lacy, General Luis, takes command of the Catalan army, 531;
his difficulties, 539;
makes head against Macdonald, 541.

La Carrera, Martin, general, at Badajoz, 54.

La Cuadra, general, chased by Soult, 477, 479, 481.

Lahoussaye, general, operations of, 214.

La Peña, Manuel, general, commands Tarifa expedition, 95, 99;
his failure to help Graham at Barrosa, 124;
retires on Cadiz, 127;
his controversy with Graham, 129;
deprived of his command, 130.

La Romana, José Caro, Marquis of, serves under Wellington in
Portugal, 24, 32;
death of, 44;
his character and career, 45-6.

Lardizabal, Manuel, general, in Tarifa expedition, 99, 101;
at Barrosa, 107;
with Blake joins Ballasteros, 278, 279;
at Albuera, 377;
joins Army of Murcia, 478.

Las Vertientes, combat of, 481.

Latour-Maubourg, Marie Charles, in Estremadura, 32;
at siege of Badajoz, 46-7, 49, 51;
summons and takes Albuquerque, 256;
at combat of Campo Mayor, 258-64;
succeeds Mortier in command, 268;
retires from Estremadura, 276, 277, 284;
joins Soult in marching to relieve Badajoz, 286, 363, 369;
at Albuera, 403;
at combat of Usagre, 412-15;
at combat near Elvas, 447;
routs the Murcian army, 481.

Leal, J. C., Portuguese artilleryman, his good service at Coimbra, 149.

Leiria, Drouet at, 22, 64;
burnt by the French, 135.

Leite, general, governor of Elvas, 273, 456.

Leon, operations of Bessières and Dorsenne in, 466-71.

Leval, Jean François, general, at Cadiz, 105, 106;
at Barrosa, 108-25;
takes command of the 4th Corps, 477;
retires before Freire’s advance, 478, 479.

Lilli, major-general, Conde de Alacha, governor of Tortosa,
_see_ Alacha.

Liverpool, Robert Jenkinson, Earl of, his correspondence with
Wellington, 65-9.

Loison, Louis Henri, general, commands division at Santarem, 8, 14,
146;
supersedes Ney in command, 177;
retreats from Guarda, 185;
at combat of Sabugal, 190-6, 202, 349;
returns to France, 360.

Long, R. B., general, at combat of Campo Mayor, 259-62;
retires before Soult’s advance on Badajoz,
369;
retreats too hastily, 372;
blamed by Wellington for cavalry disaster near Elvas, 447, 448, 450;
takes command of 2nd Cavalry Division, 458.

Longa, guerrillero chief, 207, 210, 211, 463, 468, 469, 474.

Losada, general, commanding Army of Asturias, 463, 586.

Lumley, Hon. W., general, commands cavalry at Albuera, 372, 403;
at combat of Usagre, 412-15;
goes home on sick leave, 458.

Lusitanian Legion, at Albuera, 390-1.

Macdonald, Étienne, marshal, Duke of Tarentum, on the lower Ebro, 229,
241;
his march on Lerida, 242;
checked at Pla, 243;
his march from Lerida to Barcelona, 485-6;
blockades Figueras, 496;
his long siege of that place, 535-9;
returns to France, 541.

Madden, brigadier-general, leads Portuguese cavalry to relief of
Badajoz, 43-6;
his disaster at the Gebora, 53.

Mahy, Nicolas, captain-general of Galician army, recalled, 212.

Manresa, taken and burnt by Macdonald, 486.

Maransin, Jean Pierre, general, pursues Ballasteros, 277, 278.

Marbot, Marcellin, colonel, his authority quoted or doubted, 12, 147,
153, 157, 304, 348.

Marchand, Jean Gabriel, commands rearguard in Masséna’s retreat, 162;
escorts convoy to Rodrigo, 298, 299;
with Masséna’s advance on Fuentes, 305;
at Fuentes, 314.

Marcognet, general, his skirmish with Wilson at Espinhal, 7;
encounters Drouet’s advanced guard, 17.

Marmont, Auguste Frédéric, marshal, Duke of Ragusa, replaces Masséna
as commander of Army of Portugal, 295, 357;
his career and character, 358-60;
reorganizes the Army of Portugal, 360-2, 404, 432;
marches south, 433;
meets Soult, 445;
relieves Badajoz, 446;
returns to the valley of the Tagus, 457;
his quarrels with King Joseph, 544-5;
marches to relieve Ciudad Rodrigo, 559;
his campaign against Wellington, Sept. 1811, 561-80;
hesitates to attack Fuente Guinaldo, 575;
retires to cantonments, 585;
his correspondence with Napoleon, 587-9.

Masséna, André, marshal, Prince of Essling, his position about
Santarem, 1-57;
receives orders from Napoleon by General Foy, 75, 76;
holds a conference at Golegão, 77-80;
retreats from Santarem, 82, 131-97;
surprised at Fonte Cuberta, 147;
quarrels with Ney, 148;
retreats towards Plasencia, 162;
his difficulties, 173-5;
supersedes Ney, 176-8;
abandons his plan of going to Plasencia, 181;
crosses the Coa, 187;
retreats on Ciudad Rodrigo, 197;
causes of his failure, 203-5;
recalled by Napoleon, 295;
reorganizes his army, 301;
quarrels with Bessières, 303;
defeated at Fuentes de Oñoro, 310-48;
withdraws garrison from Almeida, 349-54;
receives his recall, 357.

Masterson, sergeant, captures an eagle at Barrosa, 121.

Mathieu, Maurice, governor of Barcelona, defeats attempt of Campoverde
to surprise Monjuich, 245.

Medina Sidonia, combats at, 98, 127.

Menacho, Rafael, general, governor of Badajoz, 40;
his gallant defence, 55;
his death, 56.

Mendizabal, general, retreats on Badajoz, 32;
garrisons Olivenza, 35;
and Badajoz, 40;
leads a force to relieve Badajoz, 43-4;
his failure, 47-9;
routed at the Gebora, 53.

Merle, Pierre Hugues, general, at combat of Sabugal, 192.

Mermet, Julien, his engagements during Masséna’s retreat from Portugal,
138-9, 142, 157;
at Fuentes de Oñoro, 316, 319, 322.

Mina, Francisco, guerrillero chief in Navarre, 207;
joins Longa and Porlier, 468.

Miot de Melito, André, courtier of King Joseph, 217-18.

Miranda, José, general, lands in Catalonia to support Campoverde, 507;
his feeble actions, 517;
insists on returning to Valencia, 528;
embarks, 530.

Monjuich, fortress of, failure of Campoverde to surprise, 245.

Montbrun, Louis Pierre, general, 55;
at Pombal, 137;
fails to seize Coimbra, 140, 149;
on the Alva, 163;
at El Bodon, 198;
with Masséna, 302;
at Fuentes de Oñoro, 315-48;
with Marmont’s advance on Badajoz, 437, 446;
operations of, in front of Elvas, 446;
commands at the combat of El Bodon, 566-70.

Montijo, Conde de, his irregular warfare in Granada, 478-82.

Montserrat, stormed by Suchet, 533-4;
recovered by the Spaniards, 541.

Morillo, Pablo, general, exploits of, 597.

Mortier, Edouard, marshal, in the expedition to Estremadura, 30;
skirmishes with Ballasteros, 33;
at Badajoz, 48, 52, 54;
left in command at Badajoz by Soult, 62, 247;
marches against and takes Campo Mayor, 253-5;
rescues Latour-Maubourg after combat of Campo Mayor, 263, 264;
recalled to Paris, 268.

Murcia, Army of, its unsuccessful campaign against Soult, 477-81.

Myers’s Fusilier Brigade, exploits of, at Albuera, and death of its
commander, 390-3.

Napier, Sir William, his strictures on the Perceval Cabinet, 67;
on Wellington at Redinha, 143;
on cavalry pursuit at Campo Mayor, 264;
describes doings of the Light Division at Fuentes de Oñoro, 326;
criticism of Wellington’s action at Fuentes de Oñoro, 343-8;
on topography of Albuera, 374;
on battle of Albuera, 385, 386, 398, 401;
his remarks on Soult’s strategy in September, 454;
on Dorsenne’s advance into Galicia, 471;
on Contreras’s conduct at Tarragona, 510, 513.

Napoleon, Emperor, his orders to Drouet, 18, 19;
to Soult, 23;
his failure to understand situation of affairs in Spain and
Portugal, 228, 93, 94, 204, 205;
approves of Masséna’s superseding Ney, 178;
establishes a single military commander in Northern Spain, 207;
threatens to annex Spain, 215-16;
refuses Joseph command over the troops in Spain, 219-20;
supersedes Masséna, 295, 357;
his criticism of Bessières, 305;
his orders to Soult, 363-5;
his criticism on Marmont, 435;
his orders to Suchet for the conquest of Catalonia, 485;
orders the reconquest of the Asturias, 585;
directs Marmont to invade the Alemtejo, 587-8;
his projects for the conquest of Valencia, 591-2.

Ney, Michel, marshal, Duke of Elchingen, commands 6th Corps, 8, 9;
his advice to Masséna at council of Golegão, 78;
retreats from Leiria, 131, 132, 134;
commands rearguard at Pombal, 138;
at Redinha, 142, 143;
at Condeixa, 146;
his quarrel with Masséna, 148;
at Foz do Arouce, 155-8;
on the Alva, 164, 171;
quarrels with Masséna and is removed from command, 176-8.

Niebla, the Condado of (W. Andalusia), operations in, 30, 34, 58, 128;
invaded by Blake, 444, 474-5.

O’Donnell, Charles, general, serves under La Romana, 43;
commands in Valencia, 46; sends succours to Tarragona, 507.

O’Donnell, Henry, general, retires from command in Catalonia, 240.

O’Donnell, Joseph, general, defeated by Godinot, 480;
retires before Soult’s advance, 481.

Olivenza, fortress, taken by Soult, 35, 36;
besieged and taken by Beresford, 271-3;
evacuated by Wellington, 446;
blown up by Godinot, 454.

Olivo, Fort, at Tarragona, storm of, 503.

Orbigo, combats on the, 467.

O’Ronan, colonel, leads the attack on Fort Olivo, 505.

Ouguella, fortress, in Wellington’s position on the Caya, 449.

Oviedo, evacuated by Bonnet, 466;
recaptured by him, 586.

Pack, Denis, general, commanding a Portuguese brigade, 3;
skirmishes with Junot at Rio Mayor, 75;
pursues Junot, 86, 133;
at Redinha, 142; Casal Novo, 151;
on the Mondego, 199;
blockading Almeida, 290;
gives up command to Campbell, 351;
pursues Brennier, 353;
blows up fortifications at Almeida, 437.

Palacio, Marquis of, commanding in Valencia, 479.

Palamos, surprised by landing party from British frigates, 241.

Pelet, Jean Jacques, colonel, his evidence as to Masséna’s campaign
quoted, 140, 147, 174, 177, 338, 347.

Peniche, fortress of, its importance, 7.

Penne Villemur, Count, Spanish cavalry general, 272, 276, 377, 412,
597.

Perceval, Spencer, prime minister, his correspondence with
Wellington, 65-9.

Phillipon, Armand, general, governor of Badajoz, 253, 270, 279;
defends the town against Beresford, 285-7, 363, 397, 416;
against Wellington, 427-30;
siege raised, 431;
relieved by Marmont, 446;
receives new garrison, 457.

Picton, Thomas, general, commanding 3rd Division, 3;
his description of the devastation of Portugal, 135;
at Pombal, 138;
at Redinha, 142;
at Casal Novo, 151;
Foz do Arouce, 155-8;
at Guarda, 184-6;
at combat of Sabugal, 190-6;
at Fuentes de Oñoro, 330;
at Badajoz, 408, 419;
at Campo Mayor, 449;
his management of the 3rd Division at El Bodon, 569-70.

Pla, combat of, 243.

Polish Lancers, 1st, charge of the, at Albuera, 383-4.

Pombal, combat of, 136, 137, 138.

Porlier, Juan Diaz, guerrillero chief, 207, 210, 211, 463, 468, 469;
storms Santander, 472, 474.

Pozo Bello, fighting at, during the battle of Fuentes de Oñoro,
317-18.

Punhete, French bridge and dockyard at, 16;
burnt by Loison, 86.

Quintanilla de Valle, combat of, 467.

Ramsay, Norman, captain, his exploit at Fuentes de Oñoro, 327.

Redinha, combat of, 139-43.

Regency, the Spanish, deprives La Peña of his command, 130.

Reille, Honoré Charles, general, enters Spain with reinforcements, 225.

Rémond, general, defeated by Ballasteros on the Rio Tinto, 58, 128;
and at La Palma, 129;
opposed by the Conde de Montijo, 483.

Renaud, General, governor of Ciudad Rodrigo, captured by Julian
Sanchez, 587.