Chapter I: Front Matter

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A HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF FAIRFAX

by

JEANNE JOHNSON RUST

1960

Illustrations by Paul R. Hoffmaster

First Edition Second Printing

Copyright 1960, by Jeanne Johnson Rust All rights reserved

Printed by Moore & Moore, Inc., Washington, D. C.

Designed by William M. Guillet

To My Husband

_and his favorite town--his birthplace_.

MAP LEGEND

1. _Court House_ Pages 29, 33, 57
2. _Duncan's Chapel_ Pages 39, 43
3. _Payne's Church_ Page 19
4. _Store Site_ Pages 25, 31
5. _Ford Building_ Page 25
6. _Rose Bower_ Page 38
7. _Site of Willcoxon Tavern_ Pages 24, 32, 48
8. _Rectory_ Pages 25, 48
9. _Truro Church_ Pages 20, 38, 61
10. _Coomb Cottage_ Page 36
11. _Coomb Cottage Building No. 1_ Page 36
12. _Coomb Cottage Building No. 2_ Page 36
13. _Cooper Carriage House_ Pages 37, 45
14. _Confederate Monument_ Page 64
15. _Site of Ratcliffe Home_ Page 32
16. _Ratcliffe Grave Yard_ Page 32
17. _Earp's Ordinary_ Pages 23, 45
18. _Willard Place_ Page 55
19. _Blenheim_ Page 24
20. _Ratcliffe Race Trace_ Page 32
21. _D'Astre Place_ Page 37
22. _Richardson House_ Page 38
23. _Site of Judge Thomas House_ Page 37
24. _Oliver Building_ Pages 25, 44
25. _Farr Home_ Page 22

CONTENTS

_Introduction_ 6

I. _Jamestown_ 7

II. _Rebellion_ 10

III. _The Gentry and the Convicts_ 14

IV. _The Push Inward_ 17

V. _The Town_ 23

VI. _The Revolutionary War_ 26

VII. _The Court House_ 29

VIII. _Development of the Town_ 36

IX. _The Civil War in Fairfax_ 43

X. _Spies_ 53

XI. _Stealing of Important Papers_ 57

XII. _Reconstruction_ 61

_Bibliography_ 68

_Index_ 69

A HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF FAIRFAX

_When man reaches out into space to explore a new planet, his adventure will be comparable in many ways to that of the colonists who braved the space of water in the early seventeenth century to establish their proprietary rights on a strange continent called "America"._

_These colonists found themselves confronted with the need to feed, house and clothe themselves with unknown and untried materials reaped from a wilderness which hid their enemy, the red man, and housed the dread mosquito which carried the deadly malaria._

_Proof of their danger lies in the history of the Jamestown Colony. Being attacked by red savages upon landing at the malaria infested Jamestown and inexperienced with survival under wilderness conditions, the colonists were reduced to eating their own dead before help finally arrived._

_Strengthened in number and sustained by food and help brought by Lord de la Warr, the colonists eventually set up a government, bought peace with their enemy, and settled down to raise tobacco on the land to which they received proprietary rights. Later they expanded their holdings; developed their resources; improved their government; established churches, schools and colleges; gained their independence from their mother country; survived civil strife; and advanced their civilization._