Chapter VI

_The First Public Lay Law for the Payment of Tithes,
pages 33-52._

Law of A.D. 779, by King of France, 34. Milman’s observations on
the working of this law, 34, 35. Quarrel between Augustine and
the British Bishops, 35, 36. Gloomy aspect of Roman mission, 36.
Arbitrary assumption of Papal authority over Anglo-Saxon Church, 37.
King Oswy’s decision about keeping Easter, 37, 38, 39. How Theodore
was appointed Archbishop, 39. The Pope’s supremacy over Church of
England dates from A.D. 668, p. 40. Early instance of endowed bishops
neglecting their flocks, 40. King Offa and Pope Adrian I., 40, 41.
Lichfield an Archbishopric, 41. First legatine council in England,
A.D. 787, p. 42. Councils at Colchyth (Chelsea) and in Northumbria,
43. Twenty injunctions passed, 43. The 17th referred to the payment
of tithes, 44. Selden’s opinions on these injunctions, 43. First
supposed civil law in England for payment of tithes, 44. Opinions
of Lord Selborne, Bishop Stubbs, and Selden on 17th injunction, 45.
Offa’s supposed law of tithes in A.D. 794, p. 47. Dean Prideaux’s
opinion on it, and wrong quotations, 47, 48. Lord Selborne and Kemble
on Bromton, 49. Who was Polydore Vergil? 48, 49. First mention of
tithes in English writings, 51. Position of the Christian poor, 51.

CHAPTER VII.

_King Ethelwulf’s Alleged Grant of Tithes, pages 53-66._

Dean Prideaux on this grant and on Selden’s “History of Tithes,”
53. Selden’s erroneous view on this grant, 53. Opinions of Saxon
Chroniclers on it, 54. Folcland and Bocland defined, 56, 57. Kemble’s
six canons to test genuineness of charters, 59. Ethelwulf’s charters
thus tested, 59, 60. The Malmesbury Cartulary, 60. Ethelwulf’s
second charter of grants, 62. Kemble’s opinion on Ethelwulf’s first
and second grants, 64, 65. Charter C, an abridgment of William of
Malmesbury’s charter, 65. Selden’s conclusion on Ethelwulf’s charter,
65, 66.

CHAPTER VIII.

_Tithe Laws Made by Anglo-Saxon Kings, pages 67-80._

Lord Selborne’s denial that tithes are referred to in the laws of
Alfred, 68. Fuller’s errors about the tithe laws of King of Kent,
68. Edward and Guthrum II. passed a tithe law, 69. Athelstan’s law
on tithes, 70. This is the first general law in England for payment
of predial and mixed tithes, 71. Opinion of Lord Selborne and Dr.
Lingard on Athelstan’s law, 71. Kemble, Stubbs, and Prideaux express
a contrary opinion, and Mr. Thorpe by implication, 71, 72. What
constituted a Witenagemót? 73. Kentishmen’s letter to King Athelstan,
75. Lingard and Freeman on this letter, 75. Definition of tithe, 76.
Tithe laws of King Edmund, 77. Church-scot, 78. King Edgar’s laws,
79. Threefold division of churches, 80. First English law expressly
appropriating tithes, 80.

CHAPTER IX.

_Origin of our Modern Parish Churches and Boundaries,
pages 81-93._

The old minster, 81. Chapels of ease, 81. Landlords’ churches, 81.
Church boundaries conterminous with landowners’ estates, 82. Manorial
Churches in Domesday with one-third of tithes, 82. Errors created by
confounding original meaning of “parochia,” with subsequent meaning,
83. Selden on Edgar’s law, 84. Bishop Kennett on Manorial Churches,
85. The parish bank, 83. Lay patrons had taken two-thirds of tithes
for poor and repairing Churches, 86. Edgar’s canons and gloss to
same, 86, 87. Origin of his canons, 88. Population of England in
Anglo-Saxon times, 91. Population when tithes were first given,
92. Populations in A.D. 787, A.D. 927, and A.D. 960, respectively,
92, 93. Number of Bishops in England in A.D. 705, p. 93. Number at
Conquest, 93.