Chapter VIII: Greek Art

Meshiah (humanity) was first freed by the Greeks in form,
and by Christ in spirit--Aspect of nature--India, Egypt,
and Persia as the component parts of Greek development--
The different dialects of the Greeks--Their mythology--
Traces of intelligible facts and historical events in the
Greek myths--Zeus and his character--Prometheus and
Faust--The nine muses and their leader--Greek life a
continuous festivity--Greek poetry and philosophy--Greek
artistic development--The Olympian, Pythian, Nemæan,
and Isthmian games--Greek architecture: the temple--
Building materials--Site of temples--Proportion--Plan
of temples--The Doric, Ionic, and Korinthian orders and
their subdivisions--The Attic style--Greek pottery and
Greek sculpture--Different periods--The British Museum
and Greek art--Onatas, Ageladas, Kalamis, Pheidias,
Praxiteles, Skopas, and Lysippus--The Parthenon--
Aphrodite no longer draped--The groups of Niobe, Laokoön,
and the Farnese bull--Causes of the decline of Greek art 153

CHAPTER IX.

ETRUSKAN ART.

The first settlers in Etruria--Their gods of the first and
second orders--The ritual of thunder--Temples and tombs--
Subdivision of tombs--Cinerary chests--Excavations at
Præneste--Pottery and metal works--Their style either
Archaic or Etruskan--Division of Etruskan works of art
into five principal categories 212

CHAPTER X.

ROMAN ART.

Characteristic differences between Greeks and Romans--The
triple theocracy of Rome--The mythical period of the seven
kings of Rome--Rome as republic--Roman mythology--Rome
under the emperors--Roman public games--Roman literature
the outgrowth of Greek literature--Polylithic wall
decorations--The arch, cross-vault, and cupola--Periods of
Roman art and their subdivisions--Temples--Fora and
theatres--The mausoleum of Augustus--Hadrian, the divine
architect--Triumphal arches--The baths of Caracalla--The
advent of Christianity 228

CHAPTER XI.

EARLY CHRISTIAN ART.

North and south of our globe--Buddhism and Christianity--
Christ’s divine teachings--Romanesque and Byzantine
art-forms--Symbols, allegories, emblems, and myths--
Catacombs at Rome and Naples--The sacredness of the number
seven--Christian art in its essence and different phases--
The spiritual element predominates--The first Christian
churches--Constantine--Ravenna and its early churches--
St. Sophia in the Byzantine style--Migration of northern
nations--Their religious notions--The Teutons turn
Christians--Wood and ivory carvings--Art in its relation
to the progressive development of mankind--Summary and
conclusion 264

BIBLIOGRAPHY for the study of the historical development of
Art 301

INDEX 305

MANUAL

OF THE

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ART