Chapter XXXVI: Introduction (32)

_Clitia_, genus, 496.
_verruca_, 519.

_Clysia_, genus, 496.

Coldstream, Dr., on the shells of cirripedes, 33.
on a clicking noise, made by cirripedes, 64.

_Columellina_, genus, 424.
_bissexlobata_, 428.

Compartments of shell, number of, 39.
structure of, 43.

Concholepas Peruviana, inhabited by Cryptophialus, 567.

_Conia_, genus, 321.
_depressa_, 337.
_Lyonsii_, 343.
_porosa_, 329.
_radiata_, 343.
_rosea_, 335.

_Conopea_, genus, 177.
remarks on, 190.
_elongata_, 220.
_ovata_, 218.

Corals, effect of attachment to, in Balanus, 301.

Coronula, genus, 397.
balænaris, 415.
cementing apparatus of, 135.
barbara, 421.
_bifida_, 423.
_bissexlobata_, 428.
_Californiensis_, 428.
diadema, 417.
nervous system of, 88.
_patula_, 396.
reginæ, 419.
_sulcata_, 394.
_testudinaria_, 392.
_tubicinella_, 431.

_Coronula_, genus, 382, 424, 430.

_Coronulinæ_, sub-family of, 153.

_Coronulites diadema_, 421.

Creusia, sub-genus, 375.
_Childreni_, 382.
_decorata_, 382.
_grandis_, 376, 381.
_gregaria_, 376, 378.
_madreporarum_, 367, 382.
_multistriata_, 382.
_radiata_, 382.
spinulosa, 376.
_striata_, 382.
_Strömia_, 518.
_verruca_, 518.

_Creusia rayonnante_, 362.

_Creusia_, genus, 354, 497.

Cross-impregnation of Cirripedes, 102, 197.

Crustacea, cementing organs of, 151.

Cryptophialus, sexes of, 23.
minutus (female), 566.
(male), 584.

Dana, Mr., on the classification of Crustacea, 11, 17.
on centralisation in Crustacea, 19.
on nerves of Caligus, 88.
on the antennæ of the larvæ of cirripedes, 106, 114.
on the conversion of mandibles into legs, 107.
on the abortion of the segments of body, 111.
on the distribution of Crustacea, 161, 167.

Daphnia, organs of hearing, 114.
eyes of, 121.
moulting of, 157.

_Daracia_, Genus, 354.
_monticulariæ_, 372.
_Linnæi_, 374.

Denticuli, on the parietal septa, 43.

Deposit, calcareous, inorganic in chamber of Alcippe, 552.

Depths at which cirripedes live, 163.

_Diadema_, genus, 397.
_bifida_, 492.
_vulgare_, 492.

Du Cane, Capt., on the larvæ of Crustacea, 108.

Edwards, Prof. Milne, on the classification of Crustacea, 11, 17.
on the lengthening and shortening of the limbs in Crustacea, 14, 73.
on the 'tige' and 'palpe' of the limbs, 83.
on the sclerodermic plates of the Carapace, 35.
on the Carapace, 131.
on general classification, 529, 565.

Elminius, genus, 345.
Kingii, 348.
cementing apparatus of, 146.
_Leachii_, 348.
modestus, 350.
plicatus, 351.
simplex, 353.

Epidermis, so called, 58.

Epithelium of stomach, 86.

Epizoons (male), 27.

_Euraphia_, genus, 447.
_Hembeli_, 465.

Excavation, powers of, in Verruca, 512.
in Alcippe, 549.

Exuviation of the pupal membranes, 123.
in the mature animal, 157.
in relation to the habits of cirripedes, 56.
anomalous in Isaura, 13.

Eye of larva in first stage, 104.

Eyes of pupa, 119.
of pupa, their exuviation, 126.
in pupa of Alcippe, 549.
the metamorphoses of, in Cirripedes, 120.
of Balanus, 93.

Female organs, 100.

Flabellum of limbs, 83.

Food of Cirripedes, 87.

Fouet of limbs, 83.

Fræna, ovigerous, homologous with branchiæ, 65.

Fræna, ovigerous, modified in Alcippe, 537.

Generation, organs of, 97.

Geography of Cirripedes, 159.

Geological history of Cirripedes, 172.

Glands for cement, 138.

Gnathites, structure and muscles of, 75, 77.

Goodsir, Mr., on the larvæ of Cirripedes, 103, 108.
on his male Balanus, 271.

Gray, Dr., on the homologies of sessile and pedunculated Cirripedes, 34.
on the Coronulinæ, 153.
on marks on the shell of a Balanus, produced by growing on wood, 185.
on the structure of Chthamalus, 448.

Growth of shell, 54.
changes during, 128, 189.
rate of, 156.
of shell in Tubicinella, 436.

Habits of Cirripedes, 159.

Hancock, Mr., on the action of the cirri, 14.
on the excavations of Verruca, 512, 516.
on Alcippe, 530.
on the excavations of Alcippe, 549.

Hanley, Mr. S., on Bal. Hameri, 277.

Hearing, organs of, 95.

Hectocotyle, 23.

Hepatic system, 86.

Hermaphrodite condition of Cirripedes, 23.

Hippolyte varians, larvæ of, 108.

History, geological, of Cirripedes, 172.

Homologies of Cirripedes, 102.
of the carapace and valves, 131.
of body in Proteolepas, 595.

Horner, Mr., on lime and animal matter, 552.

Horsford, Dr., on the setting of lime, 553.

Ibla, sexes of, 23.

Imbedment of Chelonobia in turtles, 390.
of Coronula in whale's skin, 411.

Impregnation, mutual, of Cirripedes, 102, 197, 271.

Injuries, reparation of, 158.

Interbreeding possible in Cirripedes, 102, 197.

Isaura, not moulting its carapace, 13.

Jaws, movements of, 76.

Joly, M., on the Isaura, 13.
on the larvæ of Caradina, 106.

Jones, Dr., on the liver in Daphnia, 86.

Jussieu, Adrien, on classification, 528.

Karsten on the testes and ovaria of Cirripedes, 98, 100.
on supposed hepatic organs, 86.

Kölliker on the spermatozoa of Cirripedes, 99.

Labrum, structure of, 75.
remarkable, in Alcippe, 540.
moveable, in Cryptophialus, 572.

Lamellæ, ovigerous, 101.
in Xenobalanus, 444.

Lamina, internal of wall of shell, cancellated, 213.

Larvæ, first stage, 103.
second stage, 109.
during their early stages, egg-like in Cryptophialus, 579.
last or pupal stage, 110.

Leach, Dr., on the Coronulinæ, 153.

Legs of pupa, 121.

Leidy, Dr., on the eyes of Balanus, 94.

Lepadidæ, family of, 526.

_Lepas angusta_, 231.
_angustata_, 231.
australis, pupa of, 110.
_balanoides_, 231, 240, 267.
_balanus_, 231, 256.
_borealis_, 251.
_caretta_, 394.
_cariosa_, 273, 329.
_cœrulescens_, 342.
_columna_, 470.
_costata_, 256.
_crispata_, 195.
_depressa_, 455.
_diadema_, 417.
fascicularis, cement, float of, 118.
_fistulosus_, 231.
_foliacea_, 261, 277.
_fungites_, 329.
_galeata_, 220.
_Hameri_, 277.
_minor_, 240.
_mitra_, 344.
_ore angustiore_, 231.
_radiata_, 240.
_patellaris_, 259.
_porcata_, 195.
_porosa_, 329.
_psittacus_, 206.
_punctatus_, 455.
_purpurascens_, 337.
_purpurea_, 241.
_Scotica_, 256.
_spinosa_, 195.
_spongiosa_, 308.
_spongites_, 308.
_stellata_, 455.
_striata_, 518.
_Strömia_, 518.
_testudinaria_, 392.
_tintinnabulum_, 194, 235.
_tulipa_, 204, 277.
_verruca_, 518.

Lesson on the Triton, 158.

Limbs of pupa, 121.

Limbus occludens in Pyrgoma, 54.

Lime, tendency to harden with animal matter, 552.

Limulus, nervous system of, 88, 90.

Linnæus on the Triton, 158.

Lithotrya, powers of boring, 535.

Liver, 86.

Lyell, Sir C., on _Bal. Uddevallensis_, 277.

Male organs, 97.
of Alcippe lampas, 555.
of Cryptophialus minutus, 584.

Males of Cirripedes, 23.
of Cirripedes, not of much classificatory importance, 566, 586.

Manatee, with Platylepas attached to the skin, 427.

Mandibles structure of, 76, 79.
reversed in Proteolepas, 589.

Maxillæ, structure of, 76, 80.
reversed in Proteolepas, 590.

_Megatrema_, genus, 354.
_Anglica_, 360.
_semicostata_, 374.

Membrane, covering the shell, 58.
opercular, 58.

_Messula_, genus, 177.

Metagenesis, 124.

Metamorphoses in the Thoracica, 102.
of Alcippe, 548.
remarkable, in Cryptophialus, 579.

Moulting of the pupal membrane, 123.
in the mature animal, 157.

Mouth, structure of, 74, 78.
of pupa, 121.
none in the male Alcippe and Cryptophialus, 562, 585.
suctorial in Proteolepas, 589.

Movements of the cirri, 71.

Muscles of attachment of the body to the operculum, 68.
of the sack, 62.
of the thorax, 69.
of the cirri, 71.
of the jaws, 76.
of sack, weak in Chelonobia, 389.

Nerves splanchnic, 91.

Nervous system, 88.

_Nobia_, genus, 354.
_grandis_, 365.

Nomenclature, rules of, 204.

_Ochthosia_, genus, 497.
_Stroemia_, 519.

Octomeris, genus, 482.
angulosa, 483.
_augubra_, 483.
brunnea, 484.
_Stutchburii_, 483.

Œsophagus, 85.
in the pupa, 121.
with teeth, in Cryptophialus, 577.

Operculum, 50.
remarkable, in Pyrgoma, 356.
remarkable, in Verruca, 497.

Orders of Cirripedes, 20.

Organs, acoustic, 95.
of pupa, 113.
of reproduction, 97.
for cementing, 133.
in the pupa, 122.

Orifice of shell, 38.

Otolithes absent in Crustacea, 97.

Ova, sizes of, 101.

Ovaria, 100.
incipient, in pupa, 122.
occupy a chamber in the shell in Coronula, 411.
in Proteolepas, 597.

Owen, Prof., on Metagenesis, 124.
on vegetative repetition, 20.

Pachylasma, genus, 475.
structure of alæ, 36.
giganteum, 172, 477.
aurantiacum, 480.

Palpi, structure of, 75.
absent in Alcippe, 540.
peculiar in Cryptophialus, 572.
in Proteolepas, 590.

Parasite, allied to Bopyrus, 102.

Parietes of shell, 43.
internal lamina of, cancellated, 213.
perforated in Acasta, 305.
with numerous rows of pores in Tetraclita, 323.
much folded in Coronula, 399.

Penis, probosciformed, 99.
imperforate, 102, 271.
its reparation, 159.
of wonderful length in Cryptophialus, 586.

Perforations in shell of Acasta, 305.

Phyllosoma, affinities to cirripedes, 18.

Platylepas, genus, 424.
bissexlobata, 428.
decorata, 429.
cementing apparatus of, 143.
_pulchra_, 428.

Pœcilasma Kæmpferi, 499.

Pollicipes compared with sessile cirripedes, 34, 41, 52.

_Polylepas_, genus, 397.

_Polytrema_, genus, 321.

Position of cirripedes, how acquired, 127.

Potash, caustic, action on shell, 56.

Primordial valves, 129.

Prosoma, part of thorax, 67.

Proteolepas bivincta, 589.

Pupæ of cirripedes, 110.

Pupa without natatory legs in Cryptophialus, 580.

Pyrgoma, genus, 354.
Anglicum, 360.
cancellatum, 362.
conjugatum, 364.
_corymbosa_, 374.
crenatum, 370.
dentatum, 369.
grande, 365.
_lobata_, 362
milleporæ, 367.
monticulariæ, 372.
_spongiarum_, 374.
_stellata_, 374.
Stokesii, 361.
_sulcatum_, 360, 492.
_undata_, 492

Radii, structure of, 37, 45.
remarkable, with outer lamina of great thickness in Chelonobia, 385.
compound in Coronula, 405.
in Xenobalanus, 441.

Rami of the cirri, their movements and homologies, 71, 83.
modified in Alcippe into triturating organs, 542.

Range, geographical, of cirripedes, 159.

Rathke, on the position of the anus in young Crustacea, 109.
on the cementing organs of Crustacea, 151.

Rectum, 87.

Reparation of injuries, 158.

Reproduction of cirripedes, 97.

Respiration of cirripedes, 64.

Rostrum, anterior compartment of shell, 39.
not symmetrical in Chelonobia caretta, 383.
compounded in Chelonobia, 386.
in Pachylasma, 478, 481.
not quite medial in Platylepas, 424.

Rules of nomenclature, 204.

Sack, 61.
muscles of, 62.
formation of, 124.

Sacks, acoustic, 95.
olfactory, 97

_Savignium_, genus, 354.

Scalpellum, sexes of, 23.
vulgare, larvæ of, 103

Schödler, on organs of hearing in Daphnia, 114.

Schumacher, date of memoir, 321.

Scuta, their structure, 51.

Scutum, with horny articular ridge in Chelonobia, 388.
remarkable from great adductor ridge and occludent ledge in Pyrgoma, 356.
fixed in Verruca, 502.

Sections, transverse, of shells of Balanidæ, 39.

Segments of body in cirripedes, 111, 125.
in Alcippe, 537.
in Cryptophialus, 571.

Senses of cirripedes, 94.

Septa, longitudinal, of the parietes, 43.

Sexes of cirripedes, 23.

Sheath of shell, 38, 48.
peculiar in Tubicinella, 432.
remarkable in Chelonobia, 385.

Shell of a sessile cirripede compared with the shell of the Lepadidæ,
34, 41, 52.
of sessile cirripede compared with the carapace of Crustacea, 35.
elements of, 37.
sheath of, 38, 48.
orifice of, 38.
compartments of, 39, 43.
immediately after the metamorphosis, 41.
walls of, or parietes, 44.
radii of, 37, 45.
alæ of, 37, 47.
basis of, 49,
operculum of, 50.
growth of, 54.
minute structure of, 57.
membranes of, 58.
sack of, 61.
with tubular perforations in Chamæsipho, 473.
almost rudimentary in Xenobalanus, 441.
asymmetrical in Verruca, 499.
minute structure of, in Verruca, 506.

Shells of mollusca excavated by Verruca, 512.
excavated by Alcippe, 549.

Siebold, Von, on Syngamus trachealis, 23.
on the abdomen of cirripedes, 65.
on the cæca of the stomach in Crustacea, 86.
on the vision of cirripedes, 94.
on the acoustic organs of Crustacea, 97.
on the spermatozoa of cirripedes, 99.
on the eyes of cirripedes, 121.

_Siphonicella_, genus, 438.

Size of cirripedes in relation to temperature, 162.

Sowerby, Mr. G. B., on the species of Balani having cup-formed bases, in
the southern hemisphere, 192.

Sowerby, Mr. G. B., jun., on an inorganic deposit in connexion with a
Pholas, 553.

Species, variability of, 155, 184, 197.

Spermatozoa, 98.

Spur of tergum, 52.

St. Ange, M. M., on the mouth of cirripedes, 19, 76.
on the reproductive system of cirripedes, 97, 100.
on the nervous system, 92.

Stomach, 85.
none in Proteolepas, 596.
none in the male Alcippe and Cryptophialus, 562, 585.

Stomopoda, affinities to cirripedes, 19.

Straus, on the affinities of cirripedes, 9.
on the moulting of Daphnia, 157.

Structure, microscopical, of shell, 57.
peculiar in Verruca, 506.

Stutchbury, Mr., on the shell of Chelonobia, 386.

Syngamus trachealis, 23.

System, muscular, of the body and cirri, 62, 68, 71, 76.
alimentary, 85.
circulatory, 87.
nervous, 88.
reproductive, 97.

Temperature, effects of, on cirripedes, 161.

Terga, their structure, 51.

Tergum, occludent ledge and shape of, in Pyrgoma, 356.
fixed in Verruca, 503.

Testæ valvæ, 39, 43.

Testes, 97.
development of, in Proteolepas, 598.

Tetraclita, Genus, 321.
cœrulescens, 342.
costata, 339.
porosa, 328.
upfilled parietal tubes of, 44.
purpurascens, 337.
radiata, 343.
rosea, 335.
serrata, 333.
_squamulosa_, 329.
vitiata, 340.

Thoracica, order of, 21, 30.

Thorax of the Balanidæ, 66.
of pupa, 85.
rudimentary, in the male Alcippe, 562.

Tige of limbs, 83.

Triton of Linnæus, 158.

Tubicinella, genus, 430.
cementing apparatus of, 143.
trachealis, 431.
_balænarum_, 431.
_Lamarckii_, 431.
_major_, 431.
_maxima_, 172, 438, 492.

Turtles, with their carapaces perforated by Chelonobia, 391.
with Platylepas attached, 427.

Unisexuality of cirripedes, 23.

Vagina or sheath, 38, 48.

Valves, opercular, 50.
of shell, 39, 43.
primordial, 129.
homologies of, 131.

Van de Hoeven on Limulus, 88, 90.

Variation of characters, 155, 184, 197.
in Tetraclita, 327.
in Chthamalus, 459.

Verruca, genus, 496.
_cancri Americani_, 396.
lævigata, 520.
nexa, 522.
prisca, 525.
Spengleri, 521.
Strömia, 518.

_Verruca testudinaria_, 392.

Verrucidæ, family of, 495.

Vesicle, acoustic, 95.

Vesiculæ seminales, 98.

Vesicula seminalis, compound in Proteolepas, 598.

Vision of cirripedes, 94.

Wagner, R., on the reproductive system of cirripedes, 97, 99.

Walls of shell, 43.

Water, brackish, effects of, on cirripedes, 163.

Whales' skin, growth of, into the shells of Coronula, 413.
perforated by Tubicinella, 436.

Xenobalanus, genus, 438.
globicipitis, 440.

Zenker on the eyes of Daphnidæ, 121.

Zoosperms, 98.

PLATES.

_George Sowerby._

BALANUS TINTINNABULUM.]

_George Sowerby._

BALANUS.]

_George Sowerby._

BALANUS.]

_George Sowerby._

BALANUS.]

_George Sowerby._

BALANUS.]

_George Sowerby._

BALANUS.]

_George Sowerby._

BALANUS.]

_George Sowerby._

BALANUS.]

_George Sowerby._

ACASTA.]

_George Sowerby._

TETRACLITA.]

_George Sowerby._

TETRACLITA: ELMINIUS.]

_George Sowerby._

ELMINIUS: PYRGOMA.]

_George Sowerby._

PYRGOMA: CREUSIA.]

_George Sowerby._

CREUSIA: CHELONOBIA.]

_George Sowerby._

CHELONOBIA: CORONULA.]

_George Sowerby._

CORONULA.]

_George Sowerby._

PLATYLEPAS: TUBICINELLA: XENOBALANUS.]

_George Sowerby._

CHTHAMALUS.]

_George Sowerby._

CHTHAMALUS: CHAMÆSIPHO: PACHYLASMA.]

_George Sowerby._

PACHYLASMA: OCTOMERIS: CATOPHRAGMUS.]

_George Sowerby._

VERRUCA.]

_George Sowerby._

ALCIPPE LAMPAS.]

_George Sowerby._

CRYPTOPHIALUS.]

_George Sowerby._

PROTEOLEPAS.]

_George Sowerby._

BALANUS.]

_George Sowerby._

MOUTH: THORAX.]

_George Sowerby._

NERVOUS SYSTEM.]

_George Sowerby._

CEMENTING APPARATUS.]

_George Sowerby._

LARVÆ, FIRST STAGES.]

_George Sowerby._

LARVÆ, LAST STAGES.]

Detailed Transcriber's Notes

Words which were in italics in the original book are surrounded by underlines (_italic_). Words which were originally printed in small caps are in ALL CAPS. Obvious misprints have been fixed. Archaic and unusual words, spellings and styling have been maintained when they are used consistently. Spelling has been standardized within the book where one spelling was predominant, even if it is not in common usage. Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation has been maintained when there was not a predominant spelling. Details of the changes follow.

No attempt has been made to correct the capitalization or standardize the italicization of biological names--they are left as in the original.

All of Darwin's errata have been applied to the text, except the one on page 255. It was not applied because the wording is not obvious.

This book was published in two volumes, of which this is the second. The first volume was released as Project Gutenberg ebook #31558, available at https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/31558.

Details of the Changes

Page vii, footnote 1: du terrain Crétacé du D. de Limbourg
In the original book: du terrain Crétacée du D. de Limbourg

Page 4: the shell, without the operculum being removed,
In the original book: the shell, without the operculum be removed,

Page 5, footnote 3: by some authors as "intersticia."
In the original book: by some authors as "intersticia".

Page 7: carrying two multiarticulated _rami_
In the original book: carrying two multi-articulated _rami_

Page 8: interjection (!)
In the original book: interjection [!]

Page 9: _biramous, multiarticulated limbs_
In the original book: _biramous, multi-articulated limbs_

Page 11: knowledge of the class
In the original book: knowlege of the class

Page 12: first and second pairs of antennæ
In the original book: first and second pairs of attennæ

Page 20: what has happened to one organ
In the original book: what has happenend to one organ

Page 30: ORDER I.--THORACICA.
In the original book: I.--ORDER THORACICA.

Page 33. The table of contents has been completely restructured, to
make the entries match (or compromise with) the titles in the text.

In this ebook: Structure of the alæ
Structure of the sheath
In the original book: Structure of the alæ and sheath

In this ebook:
Structure of the opercular valves (scuta and terga)
In the original book:
Structure of the scuta and terga

In this ebook:
Growth of whole shell and microscopical structure
In the original book:
Growth of whole shell and minute structure of valves

In this ebook: Muscles of sack
In the original book: Sack, muscles of

In this ebook: Movements and muscles of the cirri
In the original book: Cirri, muscles of

In this ebook: Olfactory sacks
In the original book: Olfactory organs

In this ebook: Larva, first stage
In the original book: Larva, first stages

In this ebook: Larva, second stage
Originally this TOC entry was not present in the book.

In this ebook: Affinities, classification, variation
In the original book: Classification and variation

Page 34. Inserted missing title (which appeared in the TOC):
_Structure of Shell._

Page 37: in all cases (as is obvious in Pachylasma)
In the original book: in all cases (as is obvious in _Pachylasma_)

Page 40: the upper lateral valves alternate
In the original book: the upper Lateral valves alternate

Page 45: owing to its midrib, is generally thrust
In the original book: owing to its mid-rib, is generally thrust

Page 45. Inserted missing title (which appeared in the TOC):
_Structure of the Radii._
and left the original paragraph title as it was:
_Radius._

Page 47: and of the recipient furrow in Octomeris (Pl.
In the original book: and of the recipient furrow in _Octomeris_ (Pl.

Page 47: _Structure of the Alæ._
In the original book: _Alæ._

Page 48: _Structure of the Sheath._
In the original book: _Sheath._

Page 49: _Structure of the Basis._
In the original book: _Basis._

Page 51:
_Structure of the Opercular Valves (Scuta and Terga)._
In the original book:
_Opercular Valves._

Page 61: _Muscles of Sack._
In the original book: _Sack; muscles of, &c._

Page 62: can only act as depressores;
In the original book: can only act as depressors;

Page 65:
Balanidæ are the _ovigerous fræna_ of the Lepadidæ
In the original book:
_Balanidæ_ are the _ovigerous fræna_ of the _Lepadidæ_

Page 65. Inserted title from the TOC:
_Thorax and Body._
and demoted the existing title:
_Parts of the body included within the shell or carapace._
to the head of the next paragraph.

Page 67: p. 440, (foot-note), consider the articulated
In the original book: p. 440, foot-note), consider the articulated

Page 68: _Muscular System._

_Attachment of the Body to the Shell._
In the original book:
_Attachment of the Body to the Shell. Muscular System._

Page 76: there is no trace of any labrum
In the original book: there is no trace of any labium

Page 77: (Pl. 26, figs. 3, 4, _c^1_;
In the original book: (Pl. 26, figs. 3, 4, _c_ 1;

Page 78: pairs of gnathites, which latter have only
In the original book: pairs of gnathites; which latter have only

Page 79: thickened membrane (fig. 3, _c^1_)
In the original book: thickened membrane (fig. 3, _c_ 1)

Page 79: thickened membrane (_c^2_), the basal
In the original book: thickened membrane (_c_ 2), the basal

Page 80: piece of membrane (_c^1_) represents
In the original book: piece of membrane (_c_ 1) represents

Page 81: middle segment (fig. 4, _a^1_) of each maxilla
In the original book: middle segment (fig. 4, _a_ 1) of each maxilla

Page 81: this latter (_a^2_) is separated from
In the original book: this latter (_a_ 2) is separated from

Page 81: There are always six pairs; each biramous
In the original book: There are always six pair; each biramous

Page 83: they carry as many as ten pairs in a
In the original book: they carry as many as ten pair in a

Page 84: in the sub-genus Acasta, in which, differently
In the original book: in the sub-genns Acasta, in which, differently

Page 85: developed into strong, downwardly curved teeth
In the original book: developed into strong, downwardly-curved teeth

Page 89: The nerves (Pl. 27, fig. 1, _r^5_, _r^6_)
In the original book: The nerves (Pl. 27, fig. 1, _r_ 5, _r_ 6)

Page 89: outer larger pair (_r^1_) entering
In the original book: outer larger pair (_r_ 1) entering

Page 93. Inserted missing title (which appeared in the TOC):
_Eyes and Vision._

Page 97: _Male Organs of Generation._
In the original book: _Reproductive System._

_Male Organs._

Page 98: _B. Perforatus_ and in the Chthamalus, that
In the original book: _B. Perforatus_ and in the _Chthamalus_, that

Page 99: including the prosoma: in Pachylasma and in
In the original book: including the prosoma: in _Pachylasma_ and in

Page 100: _Female Organs of Generation._
In the original book: _Female Organs._
was a paragraph title.

Page 100:
distinctly in Balanus, Tetraclita, and Coronula, the
In the original book:
distinctly in _Balanus_, _Tetraclita_, and _Coronula_, the

Page 103: _Larva, First Stage._
In the original book this was a paragraph title.

Page 103: the larva (Pl. 29, fig. 9)
In the original book: the larva (Pl. 29, (fig. 9)

Page 104: to the eye, we see, in _Scalpellum vulgare_,
In the original book: to the eye, we see, in _Scalpellam vulgare_,

Page 104. Applied Darwin's errata:
In _Balanus galeatus_, in the immature
In the original book:
In _Balanus elongatus_, in the immature

Page 105. Applied Darwin's errata:
Lepadidæ; but in _Balanus galeatus_
In the original book:
Lepadidæ; but in _Balanus elongatus_

Page 106: the large second pair remains thus
In the original book: the large second pair remain thus

Page 110: _Larva in the Last or Pupal Stage._
In the original book: _Larva in the third or Pupal Stage._

Page 120: though enclosed fairly within the carapace
In the original book: though inclosed fairly within the carapace

Page 121: these latter may possibly be multiplied into
In the original book: these latter may possible be multiplied into

Page 126. Inserted missing title (which appeared in the TOC):
_Act of Metamorphosis._

Page 132: separation of the three cephalic segments.
In the original book: separation of the three caphalic segments.

Page 152: _Affinities, Classification, Variation._
In the original book: _Affinities, Value of Characters, Variation._

Page 163: in Southern Patagonia, and near Guayaquil.
In the original book: in Southern Patagonia, and near Guyaquil.

Page 168. The first two appearances of the text: (1 to 5).
In the original book: (1 to 5.)

Page 169: (3.) SECOND PROVINCE … Balanus … pœcilus*
In the original book: poecilus*

Page 170: (3.) SECOND PROVINCE …
Tetraclita porosa north and south (4 and 5 and W. Indies).
In the original book:
Tetraclita porosa north and south 4 and 5 and W. Indies).

Page 170: (4.) THIRD PROVINCE … Tetraclita … cœrulescens
In the original book: coerulescens

Page 172: species of Balanus abounds in individuals
In the original book: species of Balanns abounds in individuals

Page 172: specimens, said to have come from the eocene
In the original book: specimens, said to have come form the eocene

Page 174. Applied Darwin's errata to the table. Added concavus
and Hammeri to C (Red crag) and Verruca to D (Corraline crag) and
corrected totals.

Page 184: inwardly projecting filamentary appendages.
In the original book: inwardly projecting filimentary appendages.

Page 195: BALANUS TULIPA. _Bruguière._ Encyclop. Meth.,
In the original book: BALANUS TULIPA. _Bruguiere._ Encyclop. Meth.,

Page 196: on ships' bottoms arriving from West Africa
In the original book: on ships'-bottoms arriving from West Africa

Page 198: Archipelago, of a uniform grayish-blue.
In the original book: Archipelago, of a uniform greyish-blue.

Page 200: of America, from Monterey, in lat. 37° N.
In the original book: of America, from Monterez, in lat. 37° N.

Page 206: Zoolog. Journal,
In the original book: Zoolog. Zournal,

Page 211: longitudinally ribbed: colour ashy-gray tinged
In the original book: longitudinally ribbed: colour ashy-grey tinged

Page 211: along a line running from the apex
In the original book: along a line runing from the apex

Page 213: septa are united together, making a network
In the original book: septa are united together, making a net-work

Page 216: Parietes and base porose: shell white, or
In the original book: Parietea and base porose: shell white, or

Page 223: California; Sydney; New Zealand.
In the original book: California; Sidney; New Zealand.

Page 233: _B. nubilus_ and _cariosus_
In the original book: _B. nubibus_ and _cariosus_

Page 234: adhering to the floating _Lepas Hillii_.
In the original book: adhering to the floating _Lepas Hilii_.

Page 235: _Bronn._ Italiens Tertiär-Gebilde (1831)
In the original book: _Bronn._ Italiens Tertiar-Gebilde (1831)

Page 235: _var._ c. _Lamarck._ Animaux sans Vertèbres
In the original book: _var._ c. _Lamarck._ Animaux sans Vertebres

Page 235. Applied Darwin's errata. Added fossil locality:
Red Crag (Sutton) Mus. S. Wood.

Pages 240-241. Italicized the abbreviation "var." in each of the
varieties.

Page 240: lower part uniform blueish-gray,
In the original book: lower part uniform blueish-grey,

Page 241: _Var._ (9) (_an. spec._?) cirratus:
In the original book: Var. (9) (an. spec.?) cirratus:
(See also note above on abbreviation "var.")

Page 244: part of the shell was uniformly blueish-gray.
In the original book: part of the shell was uniformly blueish-grey.

Page 246: 20. BALANUS PŒCILUS.
In the original book: 21. BALANUS PŒCILUS.

Page 248: 21. BALANUS EBURNEUS.
In the original book: 22. BALANUS EBURNEUS.

Page 248: _General Appearance._--Shell conical, or almost
In the original book: _General Appearance_--Shell conical, or almost

Page 250: Southern Patagonia, Guayaquil, West Colombia;
In the original book: Southern Patagonia, Guyaquil, West Colombia;

Page 255. Did not apply Darwin's errata because desired wording
is not obvious. Darwin's errata: six lines from the top, _Bal.
crenatus_, I have now seen a single Red Crag specimen .5 of inch in
basal diameter.

Page 263: their sutural edges are rather thick and
In the original book: their suteral edges are rather thick and

Page 264: vessels are thickly encrusted with this
In the original book: vessels are thickly incrusted with this

Page 264: enormous range and capability of resisting
In the original book: enormous range and cabability of resisting

Page 265: sent me by Krantz from the miocene formation
In the original book: sent me by Krantz from the miocence formation

Page 271: _Range, Habitats, &c._--This species is
In the original book: _Range, Habits, &c._--This species is

Page 278. Applied Darwin's errata. Added fossil locality:
Red Crag (Sutton) Mus. S. Wood.

Page 279: brought from Barbados, in the West Indies,
In the original book: brought from Barbadoes, in the West Indies,

Page 282: coral-inhabiting sub-genus Creusia
In the original book: coral-inhabiting genus Creusia

Page 288: or more strictly "imperial purple;"
In the original book: or more strictly "imperial purple";

Page 292: prominent ridges than even _B. flosculus_
In the original book: prominent ridges than even _var. flosculus_

Page 293. Applied Darwin's errata: Rauville, dans le Cotentin,
In the original book: Rauville, dans le Cotantin,

Page 294: the crests for the tergal depressor muscles
In the original book: the crests for the tergal depressores muscles

Page 297: In both varieties, the parietes
In the original book: In both varietes, the parietes

Page 297: or deeply folded so as to be strongly ribbed
In the original book: or deeply folded so as be strongly ribbed

Page 300. Applied Darwin's errata:
internally, without parietal pores.
In the original book:
internally, without parieted pores.

Page 309: for the depressor muscles are feebly
In the original book: for the depressores muscles are feebly

Page 310: Sydney, Port Fairy,
In the original book: Sidney, Port Fairy,

Page 311, footnote 104: Sydney, which I fully
In the original book: Sidney, which I fully

Page 314: for the depressor muscles are very feebly
In the original book: for the depressores muscles are very feebly

Page 331: The width of the valve and of the spur,
In the original book: Te width of the valve and of the spur,

Page 335: Die Südafrikanischen Mollusken
In the original book: Die Sudafrikanischen Mollusken

Page 337: judging from some dried specimens,
In the original book: judging from some dryed specimens,

Page 338: rostral or lateral depressor muscles
In the original book: rostral or lateral depressores muscles

Page 347: form of a network, or of separate tubes
In the original book: form of a net-work, or of separate tubes

Page 353, footnote 113: I have seen two specimens of
In the original book: I have seen too specimens of

Page 357: forms a mere border to the occludent ledge;
In the original book: forms a mere border to the occludent lodge;

Page 357: between this genus and Creusia, it is
In the original book: between this genus and _Creusia_, it is

Page 369: almost obliterated by the encrusting coral.
In the original book: almost obliterated by the incrusting coral.

Page 376: Under these circumstances I have thought it
In the original book: Under these circustances I have thought it

Page 376: 1. CREUSIA SPINULOSA. Pl. 13,
In the original book: CREUSIA SPINULOSA. Pl. 13,

Page 376:
CREUSIA SPINULEUSE. _De Blainville._ Dict. Sc. Nat.,
In the original book:
CREUSIE SPINULEUSE. _De Blainville._ Dict. Sc. Nat.,
(de Blainville spells it CREUSIA.)

Page 383: In Chelonobia, the parietes are remarkably
In the original book: In Chelonobia, the parieties are remarkably

Page 405: (see a black dot (_d´_) in section, fig. 7)
In the original book: (see a black dot (_d´_) in section 7)

Page 416: alæ are only 1/5th or 1/6th of the thickness
In the original book: alæ are only 1-5th or 1-6th of the thickness

Page 423: Eine tiefe Furche oder Spalte
In the original book: Eine tiefe Furcle oder Spalte

Page 423: von oben herab bis zur Hälfte
In the original book: von oben herab bis zur Halfte

Page 424:
9. _Genus_--PLATYLEPAS. Pl. 17, fig. 1 _a_-2 _b_.
In the original book:
9. _Genus_--PLATYLEPAS. Pl. 17, fig. 1 and 2.

Page 424: whole rostrum is pushed a little on one side
In the original book: whole rostum is pushed a little on one side

Page 431: In numerous other respects Tubicinella
In the original book: In numerous other respects Tubinicella

Page 431: 1. TUBICINELLA TRACHEALIS.
In the original book: 4. TUBICINELLA TRACHEALIS.

Page 431, footnote 127: specific name either of _major_ or _minus_
In the original book: specific name either of _minor_ or _majus_

Page 432: reverse of that usual with sessile cirripedes
In the original book: reverse of that usual with sessile-cirripedes

Page 440: 1. XENOBALANUS GLOBICIPITIS.
In the original book: XENOBALANUS GLOBICIPITIS.

Pages 455-6. Note that under species _Chthamalus stellatus_, both
varieties (_a_) and (_c_) have the name: communis. The original book
reads that way.

Page 465: 6. CHTHAMALUS HEMBELI. Pl. 18,
In the original book: 6. CHTHAMALUS HEMBELI. Tab. 18,

Page 467: causing the shell to be ashy gray.
In the original book: causing the shell to be ashy grey.

Page 471: the projecting, extremely rugged, overlapping,
In the original book: the projecting, extremely rugged, over-lapping,

Page 475: and these occur in Catophragmus
In the original book: and these occur Catophragmus

Page 487: moderately or slightly depressed; colour gray.
In the original book: moderately or slightly depressed; colour grey.

Page 488: as seen, when corroded, in fig. 4 _d_,
In the original book: as seen, when corrroded, in fig. 4 _d_,

Page 492: _Diadema bifidum_ … 'Italiens Tertiär-Gebilde'
In the original book: 'Italiens Tertiar-Gebilde'

Page 492:
_Balanus ostrearum_ … Organic Remains of the Cretaceous Group,'
In the original book:
Organic Remains of the Cretacean Group,'

Page 493: _B. costatus_ … is a synonym of _B. porcatus_
In the original book: is a synonym of _B. porcatns_

Page 493:
_B. ornatus_, Münster, 'Beiträge zur Petrifact.,'
In the original book:
_B. ornatus_, Münster, 'Beitrage zur Petrifact.,'

Page 493:
_B. pectinarius_, Bronn ('Italiens Tertiär-Gebilde,'
In the original book:
_B. pectinarius_, Bronn ('Italiens Tertiar-Gebilde,'

Page 493: _B. porosus_ … this species in Münster's 'Beiträge.'
In the original book: this species in Münster's 'Beitrage.'

Page 494: _B. pustularis_ … in Münster's 'Beiträge,'
In the original book: in Münster's 'Beitrage,'

Page 494: _B. cylindraceus_ … 'Italiens Tertiär-Gebilde,'
In the original book: 'Italiens Tertiar-Gebilde,'

Page 494: _B. Uddevallensis_, Linnæus,
In the original book: _B. Uddewallensis_, Linnæus,

Page 496: members of the Chthamalinæ, though abnormal
In the original book: members of the _Chthamalinæ_, though abnormal

Page 503: under an edge, _z_ (much foreshortened in T′
In the original book: under an edge, _z_ (much fore-shortened in T′

Page 504: umbo of growth matches the umbo of the four
In the original book: umbo of growth matches the umbo: of the four

Page 517: for themselves, could be pried vertically up
In the original book: for themselves, could be prised vertically up

Page 518:
BALANUS VERRUCA. _Bruguière._ Encyclop. Meth., 1789;
In the original book:
BALANUS VERUCA. _Bruguière._ Encyclop. Meth., 1789;

Page 526: The _moveable tergum_ has its upper articular
In the original book: The _moveable_ tergum has its upper articular

Page 529, footnote 141: Crustacés fossiles du terrain Crétacé
In the original book: Crustacés fossiles du terrain Crétacée

Page 529, footnote 142: 'Archives du Muséum'
exemples
comment à des
reconnaître
In the original book: 'Archives du Museum'
examples
comment a des
reconnaitre

Page 538: or the whole anterior part of the animal
In the original book: or the whole anterior part of theanimal

Page 552: although constantly agitated.
In the original book: although constanty agitated.

Page 553: a considerable residuum is left
In the original book: a considerable residium is left

Page 562: down the sides of the sack of the female till
In the original book: down the sides of the sack of female till

Page 562: mere flap, and only two pairs of cirri exist
In the original book: mere flap, and only two pair of cirri exist

Page 562: with four pairs of minute, modified cirri,
In the original book: with four pair of minute, modified cirri,

Page 563: ORDER II.--ABDOMINALIA.
In the original book: ORDER II.--CIRRIPEDIA ABDOMINALIA.

Page 564: close to Alcippe amongst the Lepadidæ
In the original book: close to Alcippe amonst the Lepadidæ

Page 581: dorsal surface, and the overlapping sides
In the original book: dorsal surface, and the over-lapping sides

Page 582, footnote 152: I may here add those of Cryptophialus,
In the original book: I may here add those of Crystophialus,

Page 583: to enclose and protect the antennæ
In the original book: to inclose and protect the antennæ

Page 587: compound structure of the vesicula seminalis
In the original book: compound structure of the visicula seminalis

Page 588: so peculiar, the hermaphrodite condition,
In the original book: so peculiar, the hermaphodite condition,

Page 596: the two threads enclosing the cement-ducts
In the original book: the two threads inclosing the cement-ducts

Page 601: common membrane, lined of course by corium;
In the original book: common membrane, lined of course by coriumi;

Page 604: it does not enclose the thorax or mouth
In the original book: it does not inclose the thorax or mouth

Page 606: Sub-Familia 1. BALANINÆ.
In the original book: Sub-familia 1. BALANINÆ.

Page 607: 2. _Sub-Genus_--ACASTA
In the original book: 2. _Sub-genus_--ACASTA

Page 607: 6. _Sub-Genus_--CREUSIA
In the original book: 6. _Sub-genus_--CREUSIA

Page 607, 9.: quæ basin membranaceam extrorsùs
In the original book: quæ basin membranacean extrorsùs

Page 608: Sub-Familia 2. CHTHAMALINÆ.
In the original book: Sub-familia 2. CHTHAMALINÆ.

Page 611: ORDO I. THORACICA.
In the original book: ORDER THORACICA.

Page 611: Sub-Fam. BALANINÆ.
In the original book: Sub-fam. BALANINÆ.

Page 613, 12.: Tergo lato, pæne æquilaterali.
In the original book: Tergo lato, pœne æquilaterali.

Page 614, 17.: Tab. 4, fig. 3,
In the original book: Tab. 4, fig. 4,

Page 614, 18.: Americâ septent. et meridionali.
In the original book: Americâ septent, et meridionali.

Page 614, 22.: superioribus lævibus, leniter arcuatis,
In the original book: superioribus lævibusleniter arcuatis,

Page 615, 27.: et Indiâ occident. et Africâ meridionali.
In the original book: et Indiâ occident, et Africâ meridionali.

Page 617, 42.: basi poris magnis perforatâ:
In the original book: basi poris maguis perforatâ:

Page 618: _Sub-Genus_--ACASTA
In the original book: _Subgenus_--ACASTA

Page 618, 1.: scuti cristâ articulari
In the original book: scuti cris â articulari

Page 619, 4.: longitudinaliter costatâ, aut corrosâ
In the original book: longitudinaliter costatá, aut corrosâ

Page 622, 2.: et Australiâ septent.; testudinibus affixa.
In the original book: et Australiâ septent; testudinibus affixa.

Page 622: 3. _Chelonobia patula_, Ranzani. (Darwin,
In the original book: 3. _Chelonobia patula_, Ranzani. (Drawin,

Page 624: 1. _Xenobalanus globicipitis_, Steenstrup.
In the original book: 1. _Xenobalanis globicipitis_, Steenstrup.

Page 624: Sub-Fam. CHTHAMALINÆ.
In the original book, this title was missing.

Page 634: 11. _Genus_--POLLICIPES.
In the original book: 11.--_Genus_--POLLICIPES.

Page 637:
18. _Pollicipes validus_ … _Foss._-- … Scaniâ et Maestricht.
In the original book:
Scaniâ et Mäestricht.

Page 638: [_Sectio_ ††.]
In the original book: [†† _Scuta, aut longitudinaliter aut
transversè (i. e. secundum lineas incrementi) costata._]

Page 640: ORDO II. ABDOMINALIA.
In the original book: ORDER II. ABDOMINALIA.

Page 640: ORDO III. APODA.
In the original book: ORDER III. APODA.

Page 641: PLATE 1.

BALANUS TINTINNABULUM.
In the original book: PLATE 1.

_Genus_--BALANUS.

Page 642, Plate 3, 2 _c_ and 2 _d_:
scutum, internal and external views.
In the original book:
scutum and tergum, internal views.

Page 643, Plate 5, 2 _d_: Stutchburii.
In the original book: Stutchburi.

Page 643, Plate 5, 2 _i_: Stutchburii.
In the original book: Stutchburi.

Page 643, Plate 5, 2 _m_, 2 _n_, and 2 _o_: Stutchburii.
In the original book: Stutchburi.

Page 644, Plate 9: _Sub-Genus_--ACASTA.
In the original book: _Sub-genus_--ACASTA.

Page 647, Plate 14: _Genera_--CREUSIA AND CHELONOBIA.
In the original book: _Genera_--CREUSIA, CHELONOBIA.

Page 650, Plate 16: Of the letters in italics, …
In the original book, this sentence was not aligned differently from
the surrounding items.

Page 650, Plate 16: open beneath, and filled up by the epidermis
In the original book: open beneath, and filled up by the epiderdermis

Page 651, Plate 17, 2 _a_: A, rostrum;
In the original book: A, rostum;

Page 653, Plate 19, 4 _b_, 4 _c_, 4 _d_: Chamæsipho scutelliformis,
In the original book: Chamæsipho columna,

Page 657, Plate 22, 8: appear like a bilobed lower lip;
In the original book: appear like a bi-lobed lower lip;

Page 658, Plate 23. Title inserted to match plate:
_Genera_--ALCIPPE AND CRYPTOPHIALUS.

Page 660, Plate 24. Title inserted to match plate:
_Genera_--CRYPTOPHIALUS AND PROTEOLEPAS.

Page 662, Plate 25. Title inserted to match plate:
_Genera_--PROTEOLEPAS AND BALANUS.

Page 664, Plate 26: STRUCTURE OF THE MOUTH AND THORAX.
In the original book: STRUCTURE OF THE MOUTH, &C.

Pages 664-6, Plate 26. The original book enclosed all the letters
of reference in parentheses for this Plate and Plate 29 only. The
parentheses have been removed for consistency with the descriptions
of all the other plates, without noting the individual changes.

Page 669, Plate 28, 4 _a_: _k_, _t_, … the corresponding branch
In the original book: the corrresponding branch

Page 669, Plate 28, 4 _b_: that (_gh_) represented in fig. 4 _a_;
In the original book: that (_g h_) represented in fig. 4 _a_;

Page 669, Plate 29: CIRRI AND LARVÆ, FIRST STAGES.
In the original book: CIRRI: LARVA, FIRST STAGE.

Pages 669-71, Plate 29. The original book enclosed all the letters
of reference in parentheses for this Plate and Plate 26 only. The
parentheses have been removed for consistency with the descriptions
of all the other plates, without noting the individual changes.

Page 670, Plate 29: _letters apply to all the figures, 1 to 6._
In the original book: _letters apply to all the figures, 1 to 5._

Page 674. In Darwin's errata on Page 174:
total in the Coralline Crag ten,
In the original book:
total in the Coralline Crag nine,

Page 675: _Adna_ … _Anglica_, 360.
In the original book: _anglica_, 360.

Page 675:
Baer, Von, on morphological differentiation, 19.
In the original book:
Baer, Von, on morphological differentation, 19.

Page 676: _d'Orbignii_, 195.
In the original book: _D'Orbignii_, 195.

Page 676. The index has been changed due to the errata on pages 104
and 105 changing the references from Balanus elongatus to Balanus
galeatus.

Page 676: (Balanus) _intertextus_, 518.
In the original book: intertextus, 518.

Page 677: (Balanus tintinnabulum) varieties of, 201.
In the original book, the "varieties" listing was at the same level
of indentation as the line before it.

Page 677: (Balanus) tulipiformis, 204.
In the original book: _tulipiformis_, 204.

Page 677: Chamæsipho, genus, 470.
In the original book: Chamœsipho, genus, 470.

Page 678: _Conopea_ … _ovata_, 218.
In the original book: _ovala_, 218.

Page 678: _Creusia rayonnante_, 362.
In the original book: _Creusie rayonnante_, 362.

Page 679: _Daracia_ … _monticulariæ_, 372.
In the original book: _monitculariœ_, 372.

Page 680: _Lepas_ … _fistulosus_, 231.
In the original book: _fistulosa_, 231.

Page 681: Male organs … of Cryptophialus minutus, 584.
In the original book: of Crytophialus minutus, 584.

Page 681. Index entries for _Ochthosia_ and Octomeris were put in
alphabetical order.

Page 681: Otolithes absent in Crustacea, 97.
In the original book: Otolites absent in Crustacea, 97.

Page 681: Penis, probosciformed, of wonderful length
In the original book: Penis, pubosciformed, of wonderful length

Page 683: Stomopoda, affinities to cirripedes, 19.
In the original book: Stomapoda, affinities to cirripedes, 19.

Page 683. Index entry for Tetraclita was put in proper alphabetical
order.

Page 684. Index entry for Verrucidæ was put in proper alphabetical
order.

Pages 685-714. The titles of the plates have been changed. In the
original book, the word plate was abbreviated, _i. e._ "Pl. II."
whereas in this ebook it is "Plate II."