Chapter XLI: James II. 1685-1689 (2)

Dissenters, the, origin of their name, 585;
Charles II. issues a declaration for the toleration of, 587;
Conventicle Act against, 588;
Five-mile Act against, 590;
favour of Charles II. to, 599;
reception of the Declaration of Indulgence by, 640

Dissenting Brethren, the five, 543

Divine Right of Kings, doctrine of the, 619

Douai, College at, 453

Dover, treaty of, 600

Drake, Francis, lands at Nombre de Dios, 448;
vows to sail on the Pacific, 449;
his voyage round the world, 450;
(Sir Francis) singes the king of Spain's beard, 458;
has a command against the Armada, 460;
pursues the Armada, 462;
sacks Corunna, and fails before Lisbon, 464;
death of, _ib._

Dramatic writers of the Restoration, 598

Dreux, battle of, 436

Drogheda, slaughter at, 562

Drumclog, skirmish at, 620

Dublin, attempt to seize, 533

Dudley, _see_ Empson and Dudley

Dudley, Lord Guilford, marries Lady Jane Grey, 420;
executed, 423

Dunbar, battle of, 563

Dunes, the, battle of, 573

Dunkirk, Cromwell wishes Spain to place in his hands, 571;
taken from Spain by Cromwell's troops, 573;
abandoned by Charles II., 587

Dunkirk House, 587

Dunse Law, Scottish army on, 526

Dunstable, marriage of Catharine of Aragon annulled at, 389

Durham, temporary suppression of the see of, 418;
celebration of the mass in the cathedral of, 441

Dutch Republic, the, foundation of, 449;
abolition of the Stadholderate in, 565;
war between the English Commonwealth and, _ib._;
peace with, 569;
first war between Charles II. and, 589;
military weakness of, 591;
treaty of Breda with, 593;
takes part in the Triple Alliance, 599;
combination of England and France against, 600;
towns to be taken from, _ib._;
the second war between Charles II. and, 605;
resists Louis XIV., _ib._;
animosity of Shaftesbury against, 606;
peace made by England with, 608;
makes peace with France at Nymwegen, 614

Eastern Association, the, formation of, 539;
Cromwell's activity in, 540;
Manchester in command of the army of, 542

Ecclesiastical Commission, the, established by James II., 639;
abolition of, 644

Ecclesiastical Courts, the, attacks on, 385

Edgehill, battle of, 537

Edinburgh, burnt by Hertford, 409;
riot in St. Giles's in, 525;
Montrose executed at, 563;
surrenders to Cromwell, _ib._

Edinburgh, treaty of, 433

Edward VI., birth of, 397;
accession of, 412;
precocity of, 419;
death of, 420

Ejectors, Commission of, 569

Eleven Members, the, excluded from the House of Commons, 555

Eliot, Sir John, attacks Buckingham, 504;
compares Buckingham to Sejanus, 505;
his policy compared with that of Wentworth, 508;
vindicates the privileges of the House, 512;
imprisonment and death of, 514

Elizabeth, daughter of James I., intention of the Gunpowder plotters
to crown, 483;
married to the Elector Palatine, 488

Elizabeth, Queen, birth of, 392;
her succession acknowledged, 411;
sent to the Tower and afterwards removed to Woodstock and
Hatfield, 423;
accession of, 428;
character and policy of, _ib._;
modification of the title of, 429;
plays off France and Spain against one another, 431;
hesitates to assist the Scotch Protestants, 432;
assists the Lords of the Congregation, 433;
her ill-treatment of Catherine Grey, 435;
contrasted with Mary, Queen of Scots, _ib._;
hopes to recover Calais by assisting the Huguenots, 436;
appoints commissioners to examine the case against Mary, 440;
detains Mary a prisoner, and suppresses a rising in the North, 441;
excommunicated by Pius V., _ib._;
negotiates a marriage with the Duke of Anjou, 443;
her attitude towards the Puritans and towards Parliament, 444;
the Ridolfi plot against, 445;
proposes to marry the Duke of Alençon, 446;
intervenes in Scotland on behalf of James VI., 450;
refuses to restore Drake's plunder, 451;
her treatment of Ireland, 452;
kisses the Duke of Alençon, 454;
plot of Allen and Parsons to murder, _ib._;
Throgmorton's plot to murder, 456;
Babington's plot to murder, 457;
hesitates to allow the execution of the Queen of Scots, _ib._;
dismisses Davison, 458;
her triumph at the defeat of the Armada, 462;
allies herself with Henry IV., 464;
shows favour to Essex, _ib._;
erects the Court of High Commission, 470;
sends Essex to Ireland, 475;
turns against Essex, 476;
withdraws monopolies, 478;
nature of the work of, 479;
death of, 480

Elizabethan architecture, 465

Empson and Dudley, execution of, 363

_Engagement, the_, between Charles I. and the Scottish Commissioners, 556

England, the Church of, relations of Henry VIII. with, 377;
dealings of Henry VIII. with, 386;
the clergy acknowledge the king supreme head of, 386;
becomes more national, 391;
Parliament acknowledges the king to be supreme head of, 393;
Cranmer's position in, 413;
ecclesiastical changes in, 414;
issue of the first Prayer Book of Edward VI. for, 415;
Zwinglian teaching in, 416;
issue of the second Prayer Book of Edward VI. for, 418;
reconciled to the see of Rome, 424;
Elizabeth's settlement of, 429;
position of, during Parker's archbishopric, 430;
Presbyterian movement in, 446;
Presbyterianism adopted by the Assembly of Divines for, 543;
restoration of episcopacy in, 583;
proposal to establish a modified episcopacy in, _ib._;
promise of James II. to protect, 634

Essex, Arthur Capel, Earl of, suicide of, 625

Essex, Frances, Countess of, divorce and remarriage of, 486

Essex, Robert Devereux, second Earl of, joins in the capture of
Cadiz, 464;
sent to Ireland, 475;
placed in confinement on his return, 476;
insurrection of, 477;
trial and execution of, 478

Essex, Robert Devereux, third Earl of, divorce of, 486;
appointed general of the Parliamentary army, 537;
commands at Edgehill, _ib._;
takes Reading, 538;
relieves Gloucester and commands at the first battle of Newbury, 539;
escapes from Lostwithiel, 544;
resigns, 545

Exclusion Bill, the, brought in, 617;
rejected by the House of Lords, 621;
lost by dissolution, _ib._

Exeter, besieged by Fairfax, 549

Exeter, Henry Courtenay, Marquis of, executed, 399

Expenditure of the Crown, parliamentary inquiry into, 593

Fairfax, Ferdinando, second Lord, defeated at Adwalton Moor, 538

Fairfax, Thomas, third Lord Fairfax, as Sir Thomas Fairfax, is
defeated at Adwalton Moor, 538;
wins a victory at Nantwich, 542;
appointed General of the New Model army, 545;
relieves Taunton, 547;
commands at Naseby, 548;
follows up his successes, 548, 549;
reduces the king's army in Cornwall, 550;
proposed as commander of the forces retained after the disbandment
of the army, 553;
as Lord Fairfax, puts down the rising in Kent and takes
Colchester, 557;
absents himself from the High Court of Justice, 559;
refuses to command in the war against Charles II., 563;
joins Monk, 576

Falkland, Lucius Cary, Viscount, one of the leaders of the
anti-Presbyterian party in the Long Parliament, 533;
death of, 539

Fawkes, Guy, takes part in the Gunpowder Plot, 483

Felton, John, affixes the Pope's excommunication to the door of the
Bishop of London's house, 442

Felton, John, murders the Duke of Buckingham, 510

Ferdinand I., Emperor, inherits the German territories of Charles V., 426

Ferdinand II., Emperor, loses and regains the crown of Bohemia, 490

Ferdinand V. of Aragon, Italian wars of, 363;
conquers Navarre, 364;
death of, 366

Feudal dues, bargain offered by James I. for, 484;
abolition of, 582

Field of the Cloth of Gold, the, 369

Fifth-Monarchy men, 567;
oppose Cromwell, 569

Fire of London, the, 592

Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, opposes the divorce of Henry VIII., 382;
sent to the Tower, 392;
execution of, 394

Fitzmaurice, Sir James, lands in Ireland, 452

Five Articles of Perth, the, 525

Five Knights' case, the, 507

Five Members, the, 535;
brought back to Westminster, 536

Five Mile Act, the, 590

Flamsteed, astronomer, 632

Fleetwood named General by the army, 575

Flodden, battle of, 364

Forest, Friar, burnt, 398

Forests, the, fines for encroaching on, 523;
the king's claims on, limited, 531

Fotheringhay, execution of Mary Stuart at, 458

Fox, Richard, Bishop of Winchester, minister of Henry VII. and
Henry VIII., 363

France, reign of Louis XII. in, 363;
attack of Henry VIII. on, 364;
in alliance with England, 366;
invaded by Henry VIII., 371;
peace with, 374;
Mary at war with, 426;
recovery of Calais by, 427;
civil wars in, 436-443;
Philip II. supports the League in, 464;
allied with James I., 501;
Charles I. breaks with, 506;
Charles I. makes peace with, 514;
allied with Cromwell against Spain, 572;
Danby's policy directed against, 610

Francis I., king of France, his rivalry with Charles V., 366-369;
meets Henry VIII. on the Field of the Cloth of Gold, 369;
goes to war with Charles V. about Milan, 371;
captured at Pavia, 372;
liberated, 374

Francis II., king of France, married as Dauphin to Mary Queen
of Scots, 413;
accession and death of, 433

Frederick V., Elector Palatine, marries Elizabeth, daughter
of James I., 488;
elected King of Bohemia, 490;
driven out of Bohemia, _ib._;
diplomatic efforts of James I., in favour of, 496;
loses the Palatinate, 497

Frith burnt, 390

Frobisher holds a command against the Armada, 460

Furniture, improvement of, in Elizabethan houses, 465

Galway, County, Wentworth punishes the jury of, 528

Gardiner, Bishop of Winchester, sent to Rome by Henry VIII.,
before he is a bishop, 382;
opposes farther innovations, 411;
excluded from the Council, 412;
sent to the Tower, 414;
deprived of his see, 416;
made Lord Chancellor by Mary, 421

Geneva, establishment of Calvin's system at, 430

Gentry, the country, 633

George of Denmark, Prince, deserts James II., 645

Geraldine rebellion, the, 402

Gerard murders William of Orange, 456

Gerard and Vowel's plot, 569

Ghent, pacification of, 450

Glamorgan, Edward Herbert, Marquis of, his secret mission to Ireland, 549

Glasgow, the Assembly of, 526

Glastonbury, the Abbot of, executed, 400

Gloucester, raising of the siege of, 539

Godfrey, Sir Edmund Berry, murder of, 615

'Godly party,' the, 544

Gondomar, Count of, negotiates a Spanish alliance with James I., 488, 490

Goring, George Goring, Lord, defeated at Langport, 548

Graham of Claverhouse, John, attempts to suppress the Covenanters, 620

Grammar-schools, foundation of, 419

Grand Remonstrance, the, 534

Great Contract, the, 484

Great Council, the, meets at York, 529

Greenwood hanged, 472

Grey, Arthur Lord, slaughters foreign soldiers at Smerwick, 453

Grey, Lady Catherine, marriage and imprisonment of, 435

Grey, Lady Jane, is proclaimed Queen, 420;
executed, 423

Grey, Lord Leonard, becomes Lord Deputy of Ireland, 402;
conquers a great part of Ireland, 404

Grindal, Archbishop of Canterbury, suspension of, 450

Grocyn encourages the study of Greek at Oxford, 367

Guiana, Raleigh's voyage to, 489

Guinegatte, battle of the Spurs at, 364

Guise, Henry, Duke of, heads the French Catholics, 443;
conspires to murder Elizabeth, 454;
heads the League, 456;
murdered, 464

Guise, Francis, Duke of, takes Calais, 427;
murder of, 436

Guisnes, taken by the French, 427

Gunpowder Plot, the, 483

_Habeas Corpus Act_, 617

_Habeas corpus_, writ of, dispute whether it ought to show the
cause of imprisonment, 507

Hales, destruction of the phial at, 398

Hales, Sir Edward, holds an appointment by the dispensing power, 639

Halifax, George Savile, Earl, afterwards Marquis of, supports the
Duke of York's succession, 618;
persuades the House of Lords to reject the Exclusion Bill, 621;
advises Charles II. to summon Parliament, 626;
dismissed by James II., 638

Halley, astronomer, 632

Hamilton, James Hamilton, Duke of, as Marquis of Hamilton dissolves
the Assembly of Glasgow, 526;
is defeated at Preston, 557

Hamilton family support Mary, 440

Hamilton of Bothwellhaugh assassinates the regent Murray, 441

Hampden resists ship-money, 524;
calms the House of Commons after the passing of the Grand
Remonstrance, 534;
one of the five members, 535;
death of, 538

Hampton Court Conference, the, 482

Harlech Castle, surrender of, 550

Havre occupied and abandoned by Elizabeth, 436

Hazlerigg, Sir Arthur, one of the five members, 535

_Heads of the Proposals, the_, 555

Henrietta Maria, Queen, negotiations for the marriage of, 500;
marries Charles I., 502;
a papal agent at the Court of, 521;
carries abroad the crown jewels, 536;
urges Charles not to abandon the militia, 552

Henry VIII., character of, 361;
marries Catharine of Aragon, 363;
foreign policy of, _ib._;
promotes Wolsey, _ib._;
favours More, 368;
meets Francis I. on the Field of the Cloth of Gold, 369;
has Buckingham executed, _ib._;
invades, France, 371;
his views on his relations with the Church, 377;
is named Defender of the Faith, 379;
thinks of obtaining a divorce, _ib._;
urges Clement VII. to divorce him, 382;
demands a sentence of nullity, 383;
makes a victim of Wolsey, _ib._;
gains the support of the House of Commons, 385;
consults the universities, and charges the clergy with being
under a _præmunire_, _ib._;
obtains from Convocation the title of Supreme Head, 386;
has no tenderness towards heresy, 383;
obtains the Act of Annates, _ib._;
marries Anne Boleyn, and is divorced, 389;
attempts to suppress heresy, and obtains fresh powers from
Parliament, 390;
sends More and Fisher to the Tower, 392;
Act of Supremacy in favour of, 393;
dissolves the smaller monasteries, 394;
marries Jane Seymour, 395;
issues the ten articles, and authorises the translation of
the Bible, 396;
deals hardly with the Pilgrimage of Grace, 397;
begins the confiscation of the greater monasteries, _ib._;
attacks relics and images, 398;
presides at Lambert's trial, 399;
obtains from Parliament the six articles, 399;
marries and divorces Anne of Cleves, 400-401;
marries and beheads Catherine Howard, 401;
marries Catherine Parr, _ib._;
his government of Ireland, 401-404;
takes Boulogne, 405;
makes war with Scotland, 406;
debases the coinage, 409;
death of, 411

Henry II., king of France, allied with Scotland, 413;
his attitude towards Elizabeth, 432;
death of, 433

Henry III., King of France, proposes, as Duke of Anjou, to marry
Elizabeth, 443;
accession of, 450;
murder of, 464

Henry IV., King of France, his succession to the French crown
disputed, 456;
overpowers the League, 464

Henry, Prince of Wales, son of James I., intention of the Gunpowder
plotters to blow up, 483;
death of, 488

Hereford, besieged by the Scots, 549

Heresy held to be punishable by the Common Law, 419

Hertford, Earl of, _see_ Somerset, Edward Seymour, Duke of

High Commission, the, Court of, erection of, 470;
its activity in the reign of Charles I., 520;
abolition of, 531

High Court of Justice, the, proposal to constitute rejected
by the Lords, 557;
constituted by the Commons, 558

Highland Host the, 619

Holland, province of, its influence in the Dutch Republic, 489

Holmby House, Charles I. at, 553;
Charles I., removed from, 555

Holmes, Admiral, attacks the Dutch fleet, 605

Hopton, Sir Ralph, commands the Royalists in Cornwall, 537, 538;
fights on Lansdown, 538;
takes and loses Arundel Castle, 542;
is defeated at Cheriton, _ib._

Holles takes part in holding down the Speaker, 514;
one of the five members, 535

Holy League, the, 363

Hooker, his _Ecclesiastical Polity_, 472

Hooper, Bishop of Gloucester, refuses to wear vestments, 417;
receives the bishopric of Worcester, 418;
speaks of his dioceses as the king's, 420;
burnt, 424

Hotham, Sir John, shuts the gates of Hull against Charles I., 537

Hough, chosen President of Magdalen College, 641

Houghton, prior of the Charterhouse, execution of, 394

Hounslow, James II. reviews regiments at, 643

Howard of Effingham, Charles Howard, Lord, commands the fleet
against the Armada, 460;
takes part in the capture of Cadiz, 464

Howard of Escrick, Edward Howard, Lord, informs against the Whigs, 625

_Hudibras_, 597

Huguenots, the, supported by Elizabeth, 436;
Buckingham lends ships to fight against, 504

Hull, its gates shut against Charles I., 537;
besieged by Newcastle, 542

Huntley, George Gordon, fourth Earl of, overpowered by Mary, 437

_Humble Petition and Advice_, the, 573

Hurst Castle, Charles I. imprisoned in, 557

Hyde, Anne, marries the Duke of York, 608

Images, destruction of, 398

Impeachment of Bacon, 496;
of Buckingham, Montague and Manwaring, 511;
of Strafford, 530;
of twelve bishops, 535;
of the five members, 536;
of Laud, 546;
of Danby, 616;
pardon not to be pleaded in bar of, 617

Impositions, the New, first levy of, 484;
question of the legality of, 505;
act preventing the king from levying, 531

Inclosures, More's attack on, 368;
Ket's rebellion directed against, 416;
cessation of complaints against, 464

Independents, the, originally known as Separatists, 543;
driven from the House, and reinstated by the army, 555;
are unpopular after the Restoration, 584

Infanta, the, _see_ Maria, the Infanta

_Instrument of Government, the_, 568

Inverlochy, battle of, 547

Ipswich, Wolsey's college at, founded, 377;
sold by Henry VIII., 383

Ireland, under Henry VIII., 401;
legislation of Henry VIII. in, 402;
destruction of relics and images in, _ib._;
conquest of a great part of, 404;
Henry VIII. named king of, _ib._;
under Edward VI. and Mary, 451;
introduction of English colonists into, 452;
landing of Sir James Fitzmaurice in, _ib._;
the slaughter at Smerwick, and the Desmond rising in, 453;
O'Neill's rising in, 475;
Essex's invasion of, _ib._;
Mountjoy's conquest of, 478;
plantation of Ulster in, 484;
Wentworth's government of, 527, 528;
army collected by Strafford in, 529;
insurrection in, 533;
massacre in, 534;
the confederate Catholics in, 541;
Glamorgan's mission to, 549;
Rinuccini in, 550;
soldiers asked to volunteer for, 553;
Cromwell in, 562;
Ireton and Ludlow in, 567;
act of settlement in, 595;
James II. supported by the Celtic population of, 640

Ireton draws up _The Heads of the Proposals_, 555;
in Ireland, 563

Italy, the French wars in, 363;
the French driven from, 364

Jamaica, conquest of, 572

James I., King of Great Britain (_see_ James VI., king of Scotland),
becomes king of England, 481;
imprisons Raleigh, _ib._;
attacks the Puritans at Hampton Court, 482;
quarrels with his first House of Commons, _ib._;
obtains a legal decision in the case of the _Post-nati_, 483;
his government of Ireland, 484;
his financial difficulties, _ib._;
makes Somerset his favourite, 486;
offers to bargain with the Addled Parliament, 487;
negotiates a Spanish marriage for his son, 488;
makes Buckingham a favourite, _ib._;
sends Raleigh to execution, 489;
watches the development of the Thirty Years' War, and summons
Parliament to vote supplies, 490;
his views on the prerogative, 492;
sells peerages, 494;
improvement of the finances of, _ib._;
revokes monopolies, 495;
sends Digby to Germany and dissolves Parliament, 496;
raises a benevolence, 497;
his last Parliament, 500;
seeks to marry his son to a French princess, 501;
death of, _ib._

James II., as Duke of York, declares himself a Roman Catholic, 600;
his conversion known, 607;
resigns the Admiralty, _ib._;
marriages of, 608;
attempt to exclude from the throne, 617;
his cruelty to the Scottish covenanters, 620;
is present at his brother's death, 627;
accession of, 634;
first acts of the reign of, 635;
marches against Monmouth, 637;
violates the Test Act and prorogues Parliament 638;
claims the dispensing power and establishes an ecclesiastical
commission, 639;
his government of Scotland and Ireland, 640;
issues a declaration of indulgence, _ib._;
expels the Fellows of Magdalen and tries to pack a Parliament, 641;
issues a second declaration of indulgence, 642;
hears of the acquittal of the seven Bishops, 643;
birth of a son of, 644;
makes concessions on hearing of William's approach, _ib._;
attempts to escape, 645;
embarks for France, 646;
alleged virtual abdication of, _ib._

James (the old Pretender), birth of, 644

James IV., King of Scotland, killed at Flodden, 364

James V., King of Scotland, policy of, 404;
death of, 405

James VI., King of Scotland, birth and accession of, 439;
assisted by Elizabeth, 450;
becomes the tool of Lennox, 454;
is captured by Protestant lords, 455;
becomes king of England, 481;
_see_ James I., King of Great Britain

Jane Seymour marries Henry VIII., 395;
death of, 397

Jaureguy tries to murder William of Orange, 454

Jeffreys enforces the surrender of charters, 625;
sends Baxter to prison, 635;
is made Chief Justice, _ib._;
conducts the Bloody Assizes, 637;
becomes Chancellor, 638

Jesuits, the, origin of, 436;
land in England, 453;
Act of Parliament against, 456

Jones, Inigo, buildings by, 632

Jones, Michael, commands in Dublin, 562

Joyce, Cornet, carries off Charles I. from Holmby, 555

Julius II., papacy of, 363;
character of, 375

Kent, rising in, suppressed by Fairfax, 557

Keroualle, Louise de, _see_ Portsmouth, Duchess of

Ket's rebellion, 415

Kildare, Earl of, imprisonment of, 402

Kilkenny, meeting of the Confederate Catholics at, 541

Kilsyth, battle of, 549

Kimbolton, Lord, _see_ Manchester, Earl of

Kinsale, Spanish expedition to, 478

Knighthood fines, 515;
prohibited, 531

Knox, John, opinions of, 418;
urges on the Lords of the Congregation, 432;
writes _The Monstrous Regimen of Women_, _ib._;
organises the Presbyterian Church, 434;
his treatment of Mary, 438

Lambert burnt as a heretic, 399

Lambert, Major-General, defeats Booth at Winnington Bridge, 575

Langport, battle of, 548

Langside, defeat of Mary at, 440

Lansdown, battle of, 538

Latimer made Bishop of Worcester, 390;
driven from his see, 400;
sermons preached at Court by, 417;
burnt, 425

Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury, character and opinions of, 516;
becomes Archbishop of Canterbury, and advises the republication of
the _Declaration of Sports_, 517;
wishes that the communion table shall stand at the East end, _ib._;
conducts a metropolitical visitation, 520;
unpopularity of, 521;
imprisonment of, 530;
execution of, 546

Lauderdale, John Maitland, Earl of, strengthens the king's authority
in Scotland, 602;
his management of Scotland, 619

League, the, formed against Henry of Navarre, 456

Leicester, Robert Dudley, Earl of, favoured by Elizabeth, 435;
made Earl of Leicester, 438;
commands an army in the Netherlands, 457

Leighton punished by the Star Chamber, 514

Leith, surrender of the French garrison of, 433

Lely, Sir Peter, portraits by, 631

Lennox, Esmè Stuart, Duke of, favourite of James VI., 455

Lennox, Matthew Stuart, Earl of, Regent of Scotland, 443

Lenthall, Speaker of the Long Parliament, 536

Leo X., Pope, character of, 375

Leopold I., Emperor, marries the daughter of Philip IV. of Spain, 592

Leslie, David, overthrows Montrose, 549;
is defeated at Dunbar, 563

Levellers, the, 561

Leven, Alexander Leslie, Earl of, as Alexander Leslie, commands
the Scots on Dunse Law, 526;
becomes Earl of Leven, and invades England, 542

Leyden, relief of, 449;
congregation of English Separatists at, 489

Linacre, promotes the study of Greek at Oxford, 367

Lincoln, stormed by Manchester, 542

Lindsey, Robert Bertie, Earl of, fails to relieve Rochelle, 510

Lisle, Alice, execution of, 637

Litany, the English, composed by Cranmer, 409

Loch Leven Castle, Mary imprisoned in, 410

London, Lady Jane Grey unpopular in, 420;
provides ships instead of money for the ship-money fleet, 523;
welcomes Charles I. on his return from Scotland, 534, 535;
declares against Charles I., 536;
sends out trained bands to Gloucester, 539;
attaches itself to the Presbyterian party, 555;
influences the Whigs in, 622;
Tory elections in, 623;
forfeiture of the charter of, 624;
growth of, 629;
condition of the streets of, 631;
restoration of the charter of, 644

Lords, House of, results of the disappearance of the abbots from, 400;
a bill thrown out for removing the bishops from, 533;
bishops excluded from, 536;
refuses to join in constituting a High Court of Justice, 557;
dissolution of, 561;
imprisons Shaftesbury, 612;
discusses the abdication of James II., 646

Lords of the Congregation, rise against Mary of Guise, 432;
are helped by Elizabeth, 433

Louis XII., King of France, Italian wars of, 363;
marriage and death of, 364

Louis XIII., King of France, negotiates for his sister's marriage, 501;
resistance of Rochelle to, 504;
besieges Rochelle, 506

Louis XIV., King of France, buys Dunkirk from Charles II, 587;
gives a slight support to the Dutch against England, 591;
his designs on the Spanish inheritance, 592;
signs the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, 599;
obtains the treaty of Dover from Charles II., 600;
invades the Dutch territory, 605;
pensions Charles II., 611;
is successful in the Netherlands, 613;
sends money to Charles II. to prevent the summoning of a
parliament, 627;
offers financial help to James II., 635;
revokes the Edict of Nantes, 638;
offers to send his fleet to help James II., 644

Lowestoft, battle off, 590

Loyola, Ignatius, founds the Jesuit Society, 437

Ludlow, Edmund, in Ireland, 563

Lunsford, Thomas, Lieutenant of the Tower, 535

Luther, Martin, opposes the Papacy, 377;
has a controversy with Henry VIII., 379

Lutheranism, character of, 376, 377;
its influence in England, 396

Lutter, Christian IV. defeated at, 506

Madrid, journey of Prince Charles to, 497

Magdalen College, Oxford, expulsion of the Fellows of, 641;
restoration of the Fellows of, 644

Maitland of Lethington, William, opposes the Presbyterian clergy, 434

Major-generals, the, 571

Manchester, Edward Montague, Earl of, impeached, as Lord Kimbolton, 535;
brought back to Westminster, 536;
becomes Earl of Manchester and is placed in command of the Eastern
Association, 542;
attacked by Cromwell, 544;
resigns his command, 545

Mansfeld, Count, failure of his expedition, 501

Manwaring, Roger, impeached, 511;
receives a good living from Charles I., 512

Margaret, daughter of Henry VII., excluded from the succession, 411

Margaret Theresa, daughter of Philip IV., marries Leopold I., and
renounces the Spanish succession, 592

Maria, the Infanta, proposal to marry her to Prince Charles, 488;
shrinks from marrying a heretic, 497;
is courted by Charles, 498

Maria Theresa, daughter of Philip IV., marries Louis XIV., and
renounces the Spanish succession, 592

Marignano, battle of, 366

Marlborough, John Churchill, Duke of, as Lord Churchill, deserts
James II., 645

Marprelate Tracts, the, 470

Marston Moor, battle of, 543

Mary I., daughter of Henry VIII., as princess, successively engaged to
Francis I. and his second son, 374;
her place in the succession acknowledged by statute, 411;
protected by Charles V., 414;
popularity of, 420;
is proclaimed queen, 421;
her feelings and opinions, _ib._;
wishes to restore the Church lands, 422;
is married to Philip II., 423;
obtains the reconciliation of England to the Roman see, 424;
supports the persecution of Protestants, _ib._;
resolves to put Cranmer to death, 425;
deserted by her husband, 426;
declares war with France, 427;
death of, _ib._

Mary II., birth of, 608;
her hand offered to William of Orange, 609;
marriage of, 613;
finds fault with Danby, 646;
the crown offered to, 647

Mary, daughter of Henry VII., marriages of, 364;
her place in the succession acknowledged in exclusion of her
sister Margaret, 411

Mary of Guise, Regent of Scotland, her contests with the
Protestants, 432;
death of, 433

Mary of Modena marries the Duke of York, 608

Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, birth of, 405;
taken to France and married to the Dauphin, 413;
assumes the style of Queen of England, 433;
returns to Scotland, 434, 435;
character of, 437;
marries Lord Darnley, 438;
being charged with the murder of Darnley, marries Bothwell, 439;
imprisoned in Loch Leven Castle, 440;
escapes to England, _ib._;
is retained as a prisoner, 441;
marriage with the Duke of Norfolk, proposed for, _ib._;
Ridolfi's plot on behalf of, 445;
trial of, 457;
execution of, 458

Massey, Roman Catholic Dean of Christchurch, 639

Matthias, the Emperor, resistance of the Bohemians to, 490

Maximilian I., Emperor, Italian wars of, 363;
death of, 369

Mayflower, the, voyage of, 490

Maynard, Sergeant, his answer to William III., 646

Mayne, Cuthbert, execution of, 453

Maynooth taken by Skeffington, 402

Mazarin, Cardinal, makes an alliance with Cromwell, 572

Medina Sidonia, Duke of, commands the Spanish Armada, 460;
is received by Philip II. after his defeat, 462

Medway, the, the Dutch in, 593

Melville, Andrew, insults James VI., 525

Mendoza sent out of England by Elizabeth, 456

Metropolitical Visitation, the, 520

Middlesex, Lionel Cranfield, Earl of, improves the finances of
James I., 494;
impeachment of, 500

Milan, struggle between Charles V. and Francis I. for, 371

Militia, the, struggle for the command of, 536;
the Scots urge Charles I. to abandon, 552

Millenary Petition, the, 482

Milton writes _Comus_, 519;
writes _Areopagitica_, 546;
writes a sonnet on the Vaudois, 572;
publishes _Paradise Lost_, 596

Mompesson, Sir Giles, flies from the kingdom, 495

Monasteries, dissolution of the smaller, 394;
surrender of some of the greater, 397;
completion of the suppression of, 400

Monk, _see_ Albemarle, Duke of

Monmouth, Duke of, proposed as heir to the crown, 618;
defeats the Covenanters at Bothwell Bridge, 620;
refuses to take part in acts of violence, 624;
implicated in a Whig plot, 625;
rebellion and execution of, 637

Monopolies, the, Elizabeth recalls some of, 478;
attacked by Parliament in the reign of James I., 494;
revocation of, 495;
Act of, 500

Monro, Major-General Robert, holds Carrickfergus, 541

Montague, Chief Justice, becomes Lord Treasurer, 494

Montague, Ralph, accuses Danby, 616

Montague, Richard, impeached, 511;
made a bishop, 512

Montrose, James Graham, Marquis of, his campaign in the
Highlands, 547, 549;
execution of, 563

More, Sir Thomas, writes _Utopia_, 367;
in favour with Henry VIII., 368;
is Speaker of the House of Commons, 371;
becomes Chancellor, 387;
his displeasure with the Protestants, 388;
resigns the chancellorship, _ib._;
is sent to the Tower, 392;
execution of, 394

Morley, Bishop, sermons of, 548

Mountjoy, Charles Blount, Lord, conquers Ireland, 478

Mountnorris, Francis Annesley, Lord, court martial on, 528

Munster, attempt to colonise, 475

Münster, the Bishop of, overruns two Dutch provinces, 591

Murray, Earl of, is driven into England, 438;
returns to Scotland, 439;
becomes Regent, 440;
produces the Casket letters, _ib._;
assassinated, 441

Nantwich, battle of, 542

Naseby, battle of, 548

Navarre conquered by Ferdinand of Aragon, 364

Navigation Act, the, passing of, 565;
re-enactment of, 589

Navy, the English, defeats the Spanish Armada, 460-464;
equipped by means of ship-money, 523;
desertion of part of, to the Prince of Wales, 557;
Blake in command of, 565;
its contests with the Dutch, 591;
deterioration in the discipline of, 605

Netherlands, the, inherited by Philip II., 426;
Alva's government of, 443;
beginning of the Dutch Republic in, 449;
division into two parts, 450;
_see_ Netherlands, the Spanish, and Dutch Republic

Netherlands, the Spanish, Alexander of Parma in, 450

New Amsterdam captured by the English, 589

New England, colonisation of, 489

New Model Army, _see_ Army, the New Model

New York, named after the Duke of York, 589;
secured to England, 593

Newark surrenders to the Scots, 551

Newburn, rout of, 529

Newbury, first battle of, 539;
second battle of, 544

Newcastle, Charles I. at, 551

Newcastle, William Cavendish, Earl, afterwards Marquis of, commands
a Royalist army in Yorkshire, and defeats the Fairfaxes at
Adwalton Moor, 538;
is created Marquis, and besieges Hull, 542;
besieged in York, _ib._;
defeated at Marston Moor, 543

Newport, the treaty of, 557

Newton, Sir Isaac, 632

No Addresses, vote of, 556

Non-resistance Bill, the, 611

Norfolk, resistance to the Amicable Loan in, 372;
Ket's rebellion in, 415

Norfolk, Thomas Howard, second Duke of, defeats the Scots, as Earl
of Surrey, at Flodden, 364

Norfolk, Thomas Howard, third Duke of, opposes Wolsey, 383;
charges Cromwell with treason, 401;
wastes the Scottish Borders, 405;
condemned to death, 411

Norfolk, Thomas Howard, fourth Duke of, sent to the Tower, 441;
is liberated and proposes to marry Mary Stuart, 444;
arrested, 445;
executed, 446

Norris, Sir John, joins Drake in sacking Corunna, 464

North Foreland, battle off, 591

Northumberland, John Dudley, Duke of, as Earl of Warwick, overpowers
Ket's rebellion, 416;
leads the government after Somerset's fall, _ib._;
becomes Duke of Northumberland, 418;
supports Lady Jane Grey, 420;
execution of, 421

Northumberland, Thomas Percy, Earl of, takes part in the rising
of the North, 441

Nottingham, Charles I. sets up his standard at, 537

Nymwegen, peace of, 615

Oates, Titus, tells the story of the Popish Plot, 615

O'Donnell, Rory, flight of, 484

O'Neill, Hugh, defeats Bagenal at the Blackwater, 475;
submission of, 478;
flight of, 484

O'Neill, Shan, defeat of, 452

Orleans, Henrietta, Duchess of, negotiates the Treaty of Dover, 600

Ormond, Thomas Butler, Marquis of, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, 542;
abandons Ireland to Parliament, 562;
returns to Ireland, _ib._

Overbury, Sir Thomas, poisoned, 488

Oxford, study of Greek in the University of, 367;
Parliament adjourned to, 502;
headquarters of Charles I. at, 537;
Parliament held at, during the Plague, 590;
the third Short Parliament meets at, 621;
Roman Catholic propaganda of James II. in, 639

Painting, mainly in the hands of foreigners, during the Stuart
period, 631

Palatinate, the, Spinola's invasion of, 490;
Imperialist invasion of 496;
loss of, 497;
failure of the negotiation to induce the king of Spain to obtain
the restitution of, 500;
attempt to send Mansfeld to recover, 501

Papacy, the, immorality of, 375;
legislation against the payment of annates and Peter's pence
to, 388, 390

Papal jurisdiction in England, abolition of, 389, 391

_Paradise Lost_, publication of, 596

Paris submits to Henry IV., 464

Parker, Matthew, becomes Archbishop of Canterbury, 429;
character and position of, 430

Parker, Samuel, Bishop of Oxford, a secret Roman Catholic, 639;
intrusive President of Magdalen College, 641

Parliament, relations of Henry VIII. with, 385;
relations of Elizabeth with, 444;
the Addled, 485;
the Short, 528;
the Long, 529;
formation of parties in, 532;
struggles with Charles I. for the militia, 536;
raises forces against the king, 537;
tries to disband the army, 553;
its speakers take refuge with the army, 555;
dissolution of, by Cromwell, 566;
the Barebone's, _ib._;
the first, of the Protectorate, 570;
the second, of the Protectorate, 572;
Richard Cromwell's, 574;
restoration of the Long, 575;
final dissolution of the Long, 576;
the first convention, 577-584;
the Cavalier, 585;
supports the Church more than the king, 586;
rejects the declaration of Charles II. in favour of toleration, 587;
Albemarle resists the dissolution of, 599;
opposes James II., 638;
James II. attempts to pack, 641

Parma, Alexander Farnese, Prince of, governor of the Spanish
Netherlands, 450;
gains ground in the Netherlands, 454-456;
takes Antwerp, 456;
takes Zutphen, 457;
hopes to transport an army to England, 459;
blockaded by the Dutch, 462;
sent to aid the League, 464

Parris, Van, burnt, 419

Parsons, Robert, lands in England, 453;
escapes, 454

Parsons, Sir William, one of the Lords Justices in Ireland, 533

Parties, Parliamentary, formation of, 532;
development of, 610, 628

Paulet, Sir Amias, refuses to put Mary Stuart to death, 457

Pavia, battle of, 372

Penn and Venables, expedition of, to the West Indies, 571

Pennsylvania, colonisation of, 629

Penruddock captures the judges at Salisbury, 571

Penry, John, hanged, 472

Pepys pities dissenters, 588

Perth, the five articles of, 525

Peter Martyr teaches in England, 416

Peter's Pence, abolition of, 391

Petition of Right, the, 508

Petitioners, party name of, 620

Philip II., King of Spain, marries Mary, 423;
abdication of Charles V. in favour of, 426;
deserts Mary, _ib._;
induces Mary to declare war against France, 427;
makes peace with France, 431;
proposes to marry Elizabeth, 432;
persecutes the Protestants in the Netherlands, 443;
annexes Portugal, and shares in a plot for the invasion of England
and the murder of Elizabeth, 454;
undertakes the invasion of England, 456;
claims the English crown, 458;
appoints a commander for the Armada, 460;
supports the League in France, 464

Philip III., King of Spain, James I. seeks an alliance with, 488

Philip IV., King of Spain, receives Prince Charles, and negotiates
with the Pope about his sister's marriage, 497;
consults theologians, 498;
informs Charles of his terms, 500;
death of, 592

Philiphaugh, battle of, 549

Philip's Norton, Monmouth at, 637

Pilgrim Father, the, 489

_Pilgrim's Progress_, publication of, 596

Pilgrimage of Grace, the, 396, 397

Pinkie Cleugh, battle of, 413

Pius V., Pope, excommunicates Elizabeth, 441

Plague, the, devastations of, 590

Plymouth held by a Parliamentary garrison, 538

Pole, Reginald, opposes Henry VIII. and becomes a cardinal, 399;
as Papal legate reconciles England to the see of Rome, 424;
becomes archbishop of Canterbury, 426;
death of, 427

Ponet made Bishop of Winchester, 416

Popish Plot, the, 615

Portland, Richard Weston, Earl of, as Lord Weston, becomes Lord
Treasurer, 514;
made Earl of Portland and dies, 521

Portsmouth, Louise de Keroualle, Duchess of, betrays the secrets
of Charles II., 602;
extravagance of, 603

Portugal subdued by Philip II., 454

_Post-nati_, the, 483

Powick Bridge, skirmish at, 537

Poyntz, Major-General, defeats Charles I. at Rowton Heath, 549

Prayer Book, the, _see_ Common Prayer, Book of

Prayer Book, the Scottish, introduced by Charles I., 525

Prerogative, the, opinion of James I. about, 492

Presbyterian clergy, the, prepared to accept a modified episcopacy, 583;
expelled from their livings, 585;
proposal of Charles II. to obtain comprehension for, 599

Presbyterian party, the, in a majority in the House of Commons, 546;
attempts to disband the army, 553;
negotiates with the Scots for a fresh invasion of England, 554;
generally accepts the Prayer Book, 586

Presbyterianism emanates from Geneva, 430;
its organisation completed in France, 431;
adopted in Scotland, 434;
attempts to establish, in England, 470;
feeling in the Long Parliament about, 532;
adopted by the Assembly of Divines, 543;
Charles I. urged to establish in England, 551

Preston, Cromwell's victory at, 557

Prichard, Lord Mayor, 624

Pride's Purge, 557

Privilege of Parliament, Strickland's case of, 445;
Eliot's vindication of the, 512

Privy Council, the, Temple's scheme for reforming, 617

Prophesyings, the, 450

Protectorate, establishment of the, 568

Protestants, the English, feeling of Henry VIII. and More towards, 388;
parties amongst, 413;
the Marian persecution of, 424;
local distribution of, 426;
their position at Elizabeth's accession, 428;
influence of Calvinism on, 430

Prynne, character and writings of, 519;
his sentence in the Star Chamber, _ib._;
second sentence on, 521

Pularoon, refusal of the Dutch to surrender, 589;
abandoned by the English, 593

Puritans, the, aims of, 444;
gain influence in the House of Commons, 445, 468;
the Court of High Commission directed against, 470;
opinions of, at the Hampton Court Conference, 482;
unpopular after the restoration, 586

Purveyance, abolition of, 582

Pym differs from Eliot on the method of dealing with the question of
Tonnage and Poundage, 512;
addresses the Short Parliament on grievances, 529;
proposes in the Long Parliament the impeachment of Strafford, _ib._;
his view of Strafford's case, 530;
discloses the army plot, 531;
is one of the leaders of the party of the Grand Remonstrance, 534;
accused as one of the five members, 535;
urges the House of Commons to resist Charles I., 540;
death of, 542

_Quo warranto_, writs of, 624, 625

Raleigh, Sir Walter, takes part in the capture of Cadiz, 464;
sentenced to death and imprisonment, 481;
loses Sherborne, 486;
voyage to Guiana and execution of, 499;
his colony in Virginia, _ib._

Ré, Buckingham's expedition to, 506

Reading taken by Essex, 538

Reading, the abbot of, executed, 400

Recusancy laws, the, penalties inflicted by, 454

Regicides, the, execution of, 582

Reims, College at, 453

Relics, destruction of, 398

Renascence, the, character of, 366;
its influence on England, 367;
immorality of, 374, 375

Requesens, governor of the Netherlands, 449

Ruyter, De, captures English forts in Guinea, 589

Revenue of the crown fixed after the Restoration, 582

Revolution of 1688-9, 646-648

Ridley made Bishop of London, 416;
burnt, 425

Ridolfi plot, the, 444

Rinuccini, Archbishop, arrives in Ireland, 550;
leaves Ireland, 562

Ripon, treaty of, 529

Rising in the North, the, 441

Rizzio, David, murder of, 439

Roads, improvement in, 633

Rochelle, Buckingham lends ships to fight against the Huguenots of, 504;
siege of, 506;
expedition to the relief of, 510

Rochester, Lawrence Hyde, Earl of, advises against the summoning
of Parliament, 626;
dismissal of, 640

Rogers, John, burnt, 424

Rome taken by the Duke of Bourbon, 374

Root and Branch Bill, the, 533

Roundway Down, battle of, 538

Rowton Heath, battle of, 549

Royal Society, the, foundation of, 598

Rump, the name given to the remnant of the Long Parliament, 565;
dissolved by Cromwell, 566;
brought back, expelled and brought back again, 575;
final dissolution of, 576

Rupert, Prince, commands the cavalry at Edgehill, 537;
storms Bristol, 538;
is defeated at Marston Moor, 543;
takes part in the battle of Naseby, 548;
surrenders Bristol, 549;
holds a command in the battle off the North Foreland, 592;
defeated off the Texel, 608

Russell, William Russell, Lord, supports the Exclusion Bill, 617;
refuses to take part in acts of violence, 624;
trial of, 625;
execution of, 626

Rye House Plot, the, 625

Sa, Dom Pantaleon, execution of, 569

St. Andrews captured by the French and recaptured, 413

St. Bartholomew, massacre of, 449

St. Bartholomew's day, ejection of the Presbyterian clergy on, 585

St. Paul's, Old, burnt, 592

Salisbury, Penruddock captures the judges at, 571

Salisbury, Robert Cecil, Earl of, as Sir Robert Cecil, secretary to
Elizabeth and James I., 480, 481;
becomes Earl of Salisbury and Lord Treasurer, 484;
orders the levy of new impositions, _ib._;
death of, 486

Salisbury, Countess of, executed, 401

San Domingo, Penn and Venables attack, 572

Santa Cruz, Blake destroys Spanish ships at, 573

Savoy Conference, the, 585

Savoy, Duke of, persecutes the Vaudois, 572

Scotland, power of the nobles in, 404;
Hertford's invasion of, 409;
Protestant missionaries in, 412;
Somerset's invasion of, 413;
the Reformation in, 432;
the intervention of Elizabeth in, 433;
Presbyterianism in, 434;
Mary lands in, 435;
Mary's government of, 437-440;
civil war in, 443;
projected union with, 482;
Episcopacy and Presbyterianism in, 524;
introduction of a new prayer book in, 525;
national covenant signed in, _ib._;
first Bishops' war with, 526;
episcopacy abolished by the Assembly and Parliament of, 527;
the second Bishops war with, 529;
visit of Charles I. to, 532;
solemn league and covenant with, 540;
sends an army into England, 542;
its army recalled, 553;
proposal of a new invasion of England by, 554;
engagement signed with Charles I. by Commissioners of, 556;
Charles II. and Cromwell in, 563;
Restoration settlement of, 595;
Lauderdale's influence in, 602;
Lauderdale's management of, 619;
Covenanters in, _ib._;
rising of the Covenanters in, 620;
under James II., 639

Scottish army, the, encamps on Dunse Law, 526;
routs the English at Newburn, 529;
invades England, 542;
besieges York, _ib._;
takes part in the battle of Marston Moor, 543;
receives Charles I. at Southwell, and conveys him to Newcastle, 551;
negotiation for the abandonment of Charles I. by, 553;
returns to Scotland, 553;
is defeated at Dunbar, 563;
and at Worcester, 564

Second Civil War, the, 556, 557

Sedgemoor, battle of, 637

Selby taken by the Fairfaxes, 542

Selden, John, takes part in drawing up the Petition of Right, 508

Self-denying Ordinance, the, 545

Seminary priests, the, 453;
Act of Parliament against, 456

Separatists, the, principles of, 470;
settlement of, in Leyden and New England, 469;
receive the name of Independents, 543;
_see_ Independents

Settlement, Irish Act of, 595

Seven Bishops, the, petition presented by, 642;
trial of, 643

Seymour, Jane, _see_ Jane Seymour

Seymour of Sudley, Lord, execution of, 415

Seymour, William, heir of the Suffolk line, 480

Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, Earl of, early life of, 602;
policy of, 603;
supports the Declaration of Indulgence, 605;
becomes Earl of Shaftesbury and Chancellor, _ib._;
his invective against the Dutch, 606;
dismissal of, 608;
leads the opposition, _ib._;
supports toleration for Dissenters only, 610;
declares the present Parliament to be dissolved, 612;
encourages belief in the Popish Plot, 616;
his position similar to that of Pym, 618;
supports the Exclusion Bill, _ib._;
indicts the Duke of York as a recusant, 621;
supported by the third Short Parliament, _ib._;
the Grand Jury throw out a Bill against, 622;
Dryden's satire on, 623;
proposes to attack the king's guards, 624;
exile and death of, _ib._

Shakspere, William, teaching of, 474

Sharp, Archbishop, murder of, 620

Sherborne taken by Fairfax, 548

Sherfield, Henry, fined by the Star Chamber, 515

Ship-money, levy of, 523;
resisted by Hampden, 524

Ships, comparison between English and Spanish, 459

Shrines, destruction of, 398

Sidney, Algernon, execution of, 626

Sidney, Sir Philip, death of, 457

Sinclair, Oliver, killed at Solway Moss, 405

Skeffington, Lord Deputy, takes Maynooth, 402

Slave trade, the, carried on by Elizabethan sailors, 447

Smerwick, slaughter at, 453

Solemn league and covenant, the, 540

Solway Moss, defeat of the Scots at, 405;
Charles I. urged by the Scots to take, 551

Somerset, Edward Seymour, Duke of, invades Scotland as Earl of
Hertford, 406;
becomes Duke of Somerset and Protector, 412;
defeats the Scots at Pinkie Cleugh, 413;
possession of Church property by, 415;
expelled from the Protectorate, 416;
execution of, 418

Somerset, Robert Carr, Earl of, favourite of James I., 486;
disgrace of, 488

Somerset House, building of, 435

Southwell, Charles I. surrenders to the Scots at, 551

Southwold Bay, battle in, 605

Spain, resources of, 426;
maritime power of, 447;
authority of, in the West Indies challenged by English sailors, _ib._;
navy of, 459;
English attacks on, 464;
sends an expedition to Kinsale, 478;
its alliance sought by James I., 486;
attack of Raleigh on the colonies of, 489;
sends troops to occupy the Palatinate, 490;
protest of the Commons against an alliance with, 496;
visit of Prince Charles to, 497;
eagerness in England for war with, 500;
money voted for war with, 501;
expedition against Cadiz in, 503;
Charles I. makes peace with, 514;
Cromwell makes war on, 571;
question of the succession to, 592

Spenser, Edmund, his _Faerie Queen_, 473

Spinola, Ambrogio, invades the Palatinate, 490

Spurs, battle of the, 364

Stadholder, office of, 449;
abolition of the office of, 565

Stainer, Admiral, captures a Spanish fleet, 572

Star Chamber, Court of, its sentences in the reign of
Charles I., 514, 519, 521;
abolition of, 531

Stillingfleet aims at comprehension, 598

Stop of the Exchequer, the, 604

Stow-on-the-Wold, surrender of the last Royalist army at, 550

Stafford, William Howard, Viscount, execution of, 621

Strafford, Thomas Wentworth, Earl of, as Sir Thomas Wentworth, his
policy contrasted with that of Eliot, 508;
brings in a bill to secure the liberty of the subject, _ib._;
becomes Lord Wentworth and President of the Council of the North, 514;
becomes Lord Deputy of Ireland, 527;
created Earl of Strafford, and advises the summoning of the Short
Parliament, 528;
does not advise the prolongation of the second Bishops war, 529;
collects an Irish army, _ib._;
is impeached, 530;
Bill of Attainder against, _ib._;
execution of, 531

Stratton, battle of, 538

Strickland moves for an amendment of the Prayer Book, 445

Strode, William, one of the five members, 535

Submission of the clergy, the, 386

Succession, Act of, 392

Suffolk, Charles Brandon, Duke of, marries Mary, sister of
Henry VIII., 364

Suffolk, Thomas Howard, Earl of, 486

Suffolk line, its title to the succession, 410;
Elizabeth's feeling towards, 435;
William Seymour, the heir of, 480

Supremacy, Act of, 393;
Elizabethan Act of, 429

Supreme head of the Church of England, title of, conferred by
Convocation on Henry VIII., 386;
abandoned by Elizabeth, 429

Surrey, Henry Howard, Earl of, execution of, 411

Surrey, Thomas Howard, Earl of, minister of Henry VIII., 363

Surrey, Thomas Howard, Earl of, the commander at Flodden, _see_
Norfolk, Duke of

Sussex, Thomas Ratcliffe, Earl of, Lord Deputy of Ireland, 452

Sweden takes part in the Triple Alliance, 599

Tangier acquired by Charles II., 587

Taunton, siege of, 548

Taylor, Rowland, burnt, 424

Temple, Sir William, negotiates the Triple Alliance, 599;
advises the reform of the Privy Council, 617;
failure of his scheme, 620

Terouenne, 364

Test Act, the, passed, 607;
a second, 616;
violated by James II., 638

Texel, the, Rupert defeated off, 608

Thirty Years' War, the, beginning of, 490;
end of, 564

Thomas of Canterbury, St., destruction of the shrine of, 398

Throgmorton's conspiracy, 456

Tippermuir, battle of, 547

Tithes, proposal of the Barebone's Parliament to abolish, 567

Toleration, Cromwell's advocacy of, 543;
Charles II. proposes to adopt, 583;
Charles II. issues a declaration in favour of, 587;
tendency of science to promote, 598

Tonnage and Poundage, nature of, 509;
claimed by Charles I. in spite of the Petition of Right, 510;
Act preventing the king from levying, 531

Torbay, arrival of William III. in, 644

Tory party, the, origin of the name of, 620;
reaction in favour of, 622;
elects officers in the city, 623;
gains a majority in the Common Council, 624

Tournai, 364

Treasons, Act creating new, 392

Trent, the Council of, 436

Triennial Act of Charles I., the, 530;
repealed, 588

Triers, Commission of, 569

Trimmer, origin of the name of, 618

Triple Alliance, the, 599

Tulchan bishops, the, 524

Tunis, Blake sent against, 571

Turnham Green, the militia of the city resist Charles I. at, 537

Tuscany, Duke of, Blake sent against, 571

Tyndale, William, translates the New Testament, 396

Tyrconnel, Earl of, _see_ O'Donnell

Tyrconnel, Richard Talbot, Earl of, Lord Deputy in Ireland, 640

Tyrone, Earl of, _see_ O'Neill, Hugh

Ulster, plantation of, 484;
insurrection and massacre in, 534

Undertakers, the, 487

Uniformity, Elizabethan Act of, 429;
Restoration Act of, 585

Universities consulted on the divorce of Henry VIII., 385

_Utopia_, 367

Utrecht, union of, 450

Valentine takes part in holding down the Speaker, 514

Vandevelde paints marine subjects, 631

Van Dyck, portraits by, 631

Vane, Sir Henry, the younger, produces evidence against Strafford, 530;
negotiates the Solemn League and Covenant, 540;
brings in a Reform bill, 566

Vaudois, the, Cromwell intervenes in favour of, 572

Venice, League of Cambrai formed against, 363

Venner's plot, 584

Vere, Sir Horace, defends the Palatinate, 490

Verrio paints ceilings, 631

Vestments, ecclesiastical, Hooper's rejection of, 417;
Puritan resistance to the use of, 444;
Whitgift's opinion on the propriety of, 468

Virginia, colonisation of, 489

Vote of No Addresses, 556

Walker, Obadiah, Roman Catholic Master of University College, 639

Waller, Sir William, defeated at Lansdown and Roundway Down, 538;
takes Arundel Castle and defeats Hopton at Cheriton, 542;
fights at Cropredy Bridge, 544;
resigns his command, 545

Walsingham, Sir Francis, Secretary to Elizabeth, 457

Warwick, Earl of, _see_ Northumberland, Duke of

Wentworth, Sir Thomas, _see_ Strafford, Earl of Wentworth, Thomas
Wentworth, Lord, governor of Calais, 427

Wesley, Samuel, sermon by, 642

West Indies, the, conflicts between English and Spanish sailors in, 447

Weston, Lord, _see_ Portland, Earl of

Westphalia, Peace of, 564

Westmorland, Charles Neville, Earl of, takes part in the rising
of the North, 441

Westward Ho! 447

Wexford, slaughter at, 563

Whig party, the, origin of the name of, 620;
has a hold on the city of London, 622

'Whip with six strings, the,' 400

Whitgift, John, Archbishop of Canterbury, opinions of, 468;
the High Commission Court under, 470;
compared with Hooker, 472

Wilkins, Bishop, aims at comprehension, 598

William I., Prince of Orange, Stadholder of the Dutch republic, 449;
Jaureguy's attempt to murder, 454;
murdered by Gerard, 456

William II., Prince of Orange, death of, 565

William III., Prince of Orange, defends the Dutch republic, 605;
is offered the hand of Mary, daughter of the Duke of York, 608;
at the head of a continental alliance, 609;
marriage of, 613;
invited to England, 644;
lands at Brixham and marches on London, 645;
arrives at Whitehall, 646;
the crown offered to, 647

Williams, John, Archbishop of York, impeachment of, 535

Winceby, fight at, 542

Winchester taken by Cromwell, 549

Winnington Bridge, Booth defeated at, 575

Wishart, George, burnt, 413

Witt, John de, Pensionary of Holland, 589;
negotiates the Triple Alliance, 599;
murder of, 605

Wolsey, Thomas, Cardinal, rise of, 363;
magnificence of, 364;
supports a policy of peace, 365, 366;
comes into the House of Commons, 371;
becomes unpopular on account of the Amicable Loan, 372;
secures his position by an alliance with France, 374;
aspires to the papacy, 375;
is named legate _a latere_, _ib._;
his views on Church reform, 376;
founds two colleges, 377;
fails to persuade Henry VIII. to abandon Anne Boleyn, 380;
is appointed legate to try Henry's divorce, 382;
fall of, 383;
death of, 384

Worcester, battle of, 564

Wren, Sir Christopher, buildings by, 632

Wriothesley, Lord Chancellor, excluded from the Council, 412

Wyatt, Sir Thomas, rebellion and execution of, 423

York, Charles I. at, 537;
siege of, 542

York, James, Duke of, _see_ James II.

Zutphen, death of Sir Philip Sidney at, 457

Zwingli, teaching of, 390

Zwinglianism, spread of, in England, 399;
Cranmer's attitude towards, 416

PRINTED BY
SPOTTISWOODE AND CO. LTD., LONDON
COLCHESTER AND ETON