Chapter V

LICENSED BROTHELS ... REMARKS UPON THEM ... DUTCH LITERARY MEETING DESCRIBED ... SPITTING POTS ... PIPES, DUTCH EXTRAVAGANT IN THEM ... SMOKING ... HISTORICAL ANECDOTE OF TOBACCO ... GENERAL TEMPERANCE OF THE DUTCH ... ARBITRARY POWER OF POLICE MASTERS ... TRAVELLING IN HOLLAND VERY CHEAP AND VERY AGREEABLE ... CANAL TO DELFT ... DUTCH SAWING MILLS ... ENGLISH CIRCULAR MASONRY MILLS ... DUTCH LANGUAGE ... SPECIMEN OF THE ENGLISH, DUTCH, AND GERMAN LANGUAGES.

It is matter of surprise to the contemplative traveller to observe in a country apparently so mechanically moral and regular as Holland, the glaring defects of the most loose and meretricious government: in the hearts of the finest cities are to be found brothels surpassing in iniquity all such seats of impurity in any other nation, in which the horrible novelty of the most savage oppression is united to a public, licensed, and authorised display of vice and profligacy. I mean the spill-houses, to one of which my laquais de place conducted me about ten o’clock at night, when those scenes of revelry open. In a street, in an inferior quarter of the town, the sound of fiddles and dancing announced the approach to one of these houses: presently my guide stopped before one of them, into the saloon of which he introduced me by pulling aside a curtain drawn before the door, near which, in a little raised orchestra, two fiddlers were scraping; upon benches at the other end of the room were seven or eight females, painted and dressed in all their finery, with large silver buckles, loose muslin robes, massy gilt ear-rings, and ornaments of the same metal round the head. Most of them looked very jaded. As soon as I entered, a bottle of wine and glasses, and pipes and tobacco, were put before me, for which I paid a florin, and which is considered as the premium of admission.

These miserable wretches were all prostitutes and prisoners, confined to this haunt of vice, and never suffered to pass its threshold until enabled, out of the wages of prostitution, to redeem themselves. The way in which they are ensnared into this brothel-dungeon is worthy of notice. The keeper of it hears of some girl who is in debt, frequently occasioned by dressing beyond her means, to set off her person to advantage at some of the music-rooms or other public places; he approaches her, pities her, offers her money to discharge her debts, advances her more for immediate and future purposes; she becomes his debtor: in a short time he seizes upon her person, and bears her away to his bagnio, and receives the profligate produce of her disgrace and infamy; and this scene of compound enormity is tolerated by the government, and has so continued for many years, till time has hardened the cruel practice into a custom which has become inoffensive to the people.

One of these poor wretches approached me; the affected gaiety of her deportment, so entirely discordant with the genuine feelings of a mind exposed to scenes of such humiliating profligacy, was in no little degree distressing; but I observed she drank the wine I gave her with a heavy heart, and some money I presented her with, excited expressions of gratitude, but no emotions of delight; from which I concluded that she was merely the channel through which my present would pass to her brutal gaoler; an apprehension which was confirmed to me by my lacquey upon my quitting this scene of complicated wretchedness.

It is a curious circumstance that to Solon, the wisest amongst the wise men of Greece, is attributed the origin of brothels: his motives may be appreciated in the following extracts. “Nicandre raconte dans le troisième livre des choses remarquables de Colophon, que le legislateur Solon a été le premier qui ait bâti un temple à _Venus Pandemos_. Philemon (Athenée liv. xiii. p. 569.) loue beaucoup la sage indulgence que Solon a témoignée par cette loi pour la foiblesse humaine: ‘Solon, tu as vraiment été le bienfaiteur du genre humain! car on dit que c’est toi qui a le premier pensé à une chose bien advantageuse au peuple ou plutôt au salut public. Oui, c’est avec raison que je dis ceci, lorsque je considère notre ville pleine de jeunes gens d’un temperament bouillant, et qui en consequence se porteraient à des excès impermissables. C’est pourquoi tu as acheté des femmes, et les as placées dans des lieux, où, pourvues de tout ce qui leur est nécessaire, elles deviennent communes à tous ceux qui en veulent.’” “Nicander relates in the third book of remarkable circumstances of Colophon, that the legislator Solon was the first who built a temple to Venus Pandemos. Philemon praises much the wise indulgence which Solon has shown by this law to human infirmity. ‘Solon! thou hast truly been the benefactor of the human race! for it is said that thou first thought of a measure greatly beneficial to the people, or rather to the public good. Yes, I say it with reason, when I see our town full of young men of warm constitutions, and who in consequence would indulge in censurable excesses. Therefore thou hast purchased women, and fixed them in places, where, provided with every thing they want, they become accessible to all who desire an intercourse with them.’”

The Dutch are so familiarized to these scenes, that parents frequently carry their children to them; from the hope of preserving them from vicious propensities, by placing before their eyes the nauseous and frightful images of suffering profligacy. Such an experiment in morals would be somewhat dubious in its operations; for vice like deformity ceases to disgust in proportion as it is contemplated. Such ideas never enter the sober brains of such visitors; they go to spend an hour, which to them is mirthful, and the poor wretches I have mentioned augment the pleasures of the scene by the gaudiness of their finery, and the company add to its vivacity. In the beauty of its plumage, “they forget the dying bird.”

Through considerable interest I was enabled to see the Rasp-House, or prison for male and female culprits: it is a large quadrangular building; most of the cells and rooms look towards the yard, which is considerably below the level of the street. The food is wholesome and abundant, and the chambers are kept very neat. I saw in this place nothing objectionable but the period allowed to the prisoners for taking exercise, which is infinitely too short and infrequent, each person being allowed to walk in the yard only once in the week; the consequence is, that few of the prisoners looked healthy.

Holland is justly celebrated for its public charities. In Rotterdam, before the last war, there were many benevolent institutions, some of which have inevitably languished, and others expired, in consequence of the political convulsions of the country and the usually impoverishing effects of long hostility.

In the streets I was surprised to see the horses shod in the shameful and clumsy manner they are: the shoe is behind elevated to a considerable height, so that the poor animal must suffer from the position into which he is always forced, resembling that of a lady in a high-heeled pair of shoes of the last century.

At my hotel I was much gratified by the whimsical appearance of a meeting called the _Society of Variety and Unity_, which was held there: about eighty Dutchmen of the middling classes of life were assembled in one of the rooms, to discuss philosophical, but more particularly religious questions: when I entered the room, one of their members was addressing the body upon the subject of death, as I was informed. His eloquence appeared to be as sluggish as the canal opposite; the motto of the fraternity was well illustrated by what appeared; the only _variety_ I saw was in their pipes, and their _unity_ was effected by the fumes of their tobacco, which seemed to blend them in one common mass of smoke.

I had not been two days in Holland without witnessing the abominable custom of introducing a spitting pot upon the table after dinner, into which, like the Kava bowl used amongst the natives of the South-sea islands, each person present who smokes, and that generally comprehends all who are present, discharges his saliva, which delicate depositary is handed round as regularly as the bottle. This custom is comparable in point of delicacy with that of washing the mouth and cleaning the teeth with a napkin after dinner, as in England, or picking the latter with a fork, as in France.

The Dutch are proverbial for smoking. The moment I entered any coffee-house, pipes and tobacco were introduced, as if the waiters were in dread of my imbibing some pestilent disease, without this sort of fumigation, and expressed uncommon surprise, when they remarked that I declined using them. The Dutch will insist upon it that smoking is not only as necessary to preserve their constitutions, as paint is to protect the exterior of their houses from the effects of their moist climate, but that the vapour invigorates the mind, which mounted like an aerial spirit upon a cloud, pours forth treasures of reflection with a brilliancy little short of inspiration.

The Dutch go to an astonishing expense in their pipes, which assume an endless variety of shapes, and are decorated sometimes with the most coxcombical figures painted upon the head or cup of it, according to the taste of its possessor.

Many of the opulent Hollanders use a pipe, the head of which is made of a clay which is very rare, and found only in Turkey, of so beautiful a colour, that is called the Meerschaum, or _froth of the sea_; for this piece of luxury the value of eight and even ten guineas is frequently paid.

The lower orders of society, and many of the higher, carry in their pockets their pipe, a pricker to clear the tube, a piece of tinder made in Germany from the large mushrooms growing on old trees, resembling spunge, a small steel and flint to kindle the fire with, and a box frequently capacious enough to contain a pound of tobacco.

It is curious to observe how naturally a pipe depends from a Dutchman’s mouth, and with what perfect facility he smokes without the assistance of either hand: he literally appears to have been formed by nature to breathe through this tube, with which he rides on horseback, drives in a carriage, and even dances. I have seen little boys take this instrument and puff away with an apparently instinctive predilection for the transatlantic weed. Smoking is a Dutchman’s panacea, he thinks it good in all cases, whether of consumptions, or plethora, nervous debility, or fiery fever: as a masticatory, tobacco is but little used even by the fishermen, sailors and boors; and I was surprised to find, that in the social shape of snuff, it seemed to have not many admirers.

Tobacco had many enemies to contend with. In 1610, the smoking of tobacco was known at Constantinople, but it was thought so injurious a custom, that to remove it by ridicule, a Turk who had been found smoking, was conducted about the streets with a pipe transfixed through his nose: it was a long time before the Dutch cultivated the plant themselves; previous to that period they purchased it, and that the very refuse of the English. In 1615, tobacco began to be sown about Amsfort in Holland.

By James I. the practice of smoking was severely and most whimsically denounced in a work, called “_King James the Sixth’s_ (of Scotland) _Counterblast to Tobacco_,” in which the royal pedant states, “that some gentlemen of his courts were accustomed to expend no less than three or four hundred pounds a year upon this indulgence.” He also says, “that it was used as a powerful aphrodisiac.” He particularly deplores the case of delicate, wholesome, clean complexioned wives, whose husbands were not ashamed to pollute them with the _perpetual stinking torment_ of tobacco smoke: the concluding sentence of this extraordinary composition is somewhat laughable. “The use of tobacco,” he says, “is a custom loathsome to the eye, hateful to the nose, harmful to the brain, dangerous to the lungs, and in the black stinking fume thereof, nearest resembling the horrid Stygian smoke of the pit that is bottomless.”

Few would wish to withhold from a Dutchman the narcotic enjoyment of his pipe, when they reflect, that he seeks no other species of oblivion to his care; for, I believe, notwithstanding a Dutchman’s eulogium upon his pipe, that it produces more oblivion than inspiration: he is scarcely ever seen intoxicated: indeed, drunkenness is held unpardonably infamous in Holland. To keep bad accounts, and to be seen inebriated, are equally disgraceful; and hence the use of wines and spirituous liquors is much less in Holland than in England.

The Dutch agree with Cassio’s reasoning:

——“Oh! that men should put an enemy into their mouths, to steal away
their brains! That we should with joy, revel, pleasure, and applause,
transform ourselves into beasts!”

_Othello_, Act II. Scene 3.

The spill-houses are not the only objectionable instances of the abuse of the government; the police master is suffered to misuse his authority to a shameful excess. Instead of bringing delinquents to justice, he is in the frequent habit of privately compromising public offence, and putting the sum paid into his own pocket. Some time before I was in Rotterdam, a burgher who had been guilty of adultery, paid twenty thousand guilders to this minister of justice, who thus partaking of the commercial spirit of his country, becomes a merchant in delinquency.

I saw in several shops a great number of articles of English manufacture exposed to sale, particularly Manchester goods. The Dutch manufacture their own woollens, and they are esteemed to be very good. The black cloth of Holland is very well known, which is infinitely of a deeper and superior colour than ours. The principal cloth manufactures are at Leyden and Tielburg. There are also very capital and flourishing manufactures of velvets, silk, and carpets, at Hilversom; and those of linen and table-cloths, which are exquisite, at Overyssel; and numerous paper-mills.

The population of Rotterdam is estimated at sixty thousand inhabitants. Upon the whole, it is a gloomy place to live in; a constant iteration of the same canals, bridges, boats, houses, and figures, will soon damp the spirits of a traveller, unless naturally very vivacious. There is no theatre, no place of public amusement, but the spill-houses I have described, which are as much, at least to feeling minds, not accustomed to them, entitled to that appellation, as any of our houses of correction.

Here I bade adieu to my companions and friends, who proceeded direct to Germany, where I promised to rejoin them. I was by no means sorry to follow a lacquey to that quarter of the suburbs where the Delft boats set off every two hours, with my portmanteau, and to bid adieu to Rotterdam. Our treckschuyt lay ready for starting; at two o’clock, a little bell fastened on the outside of a house where the director resides, announced that all was ready; the horse was fastened to a very long, and rather a thin line, and we slipped through the _liquid road_, sensible of moving only from passing the objects that lined the sides of the canal, consisting for a considerable way of pretty houses and avenues of trees.

The treckschuyt is a long barge divided into two apartments; the after one, called the ruif or roof, possesses superior accommodations, and will hold from eight to a dozen persons, and the other from forty to fifty: this vessel, which is drawn by a single horse, moves so precisely at the rate of four miles an hour, that the Dutch always compute by the hour instead of the mile.[1] In the cabin or roof, there are four oblique windows, which move up and down, a table in the middle, with a long drawer filled with pipes. The seats are covered with handsome cushions; but the prime accommodations are a spitting-box, and a little iron pot filled with burning turf, to furnish the smokers with fire for their pipes. The price is about three pence an hour: this part is generally occupied by persons of a superior condition. So steady is the motion of the vessel, that the passenger may read, write, or draw in it, without interruption.

Footnote 1:

The Dutch boors are also so regular in smoking their pipes, that in
calculating the distances of places, they say they are so many pipes
asunder.

The treckschuyts preserve an easy intercourse between the most distant parts of the kingdom, and the cheapness of their conveyance places them within the reach of the most slender purse. Every thing relative to these vessels is conducted with such admirable punctuality, that the passenger can tell to the smallest cost in the kingdom what his expenses will amount to, and to a minute when he shall arrive at the end of his journey, in which, if it be long, he carries his provision with him, or purchases a frugal meal at the house where the boat stops a few minutes for that purpose. At those places where the treckschuyts stop on account of the course of the canal being interrupted, and where passengers are in consequence obliged to quit one vessel to go to another, there are females who offer refreshments for sale, consisting of little rolls and small birds, and slices of cold baked eels, fastened to a small stick.

The treckschuyts are all under the direction of government, and are truly punctual, convenient, cheap, and agreeable. The town of Delft was about twelve miles, or three hours distant. On the sides of the canal, the surface of the water was frequently covered by the _nymphæa alba_, a magnificent white water-lily, whose expanded and unsullied flowers had a charming effect, particularly when intermixed with _menyanthes nymphoides_, the yellow fringed water-lily, which are very uncommon in England.

We passed by several sawing or wood mills, which are moved by wind: the machinery of those buildings, which I afterwards examined, is very curious; they were originally invented by Corneille Van Uitgust. The flies of the mill are fixed to a large beam, which turns on an axis; in the centre of the beam the principal wheel is fixed, which impels one immediately below it, which is also fixed on the middle of a piece of timber, hanging on an axis, to which four perpendicular saws, ten in each compartment, are fastened, which, as the wheel revolves, are elevated and depressed. Two iron hooks are fastened at the end of this beam, which catch a wheel, and as the saw rises and falls, move this wheel one cog; that wheel impels another, which catches into a piece of iron, and draws it towards itself; at the end of this iron there is a cross bar, which presses against the end of the tree, while the other end is sawing, and gradually forces it on to the teeth of the saws, as they proceed in cutting.

I remember at Memel, in Polish Prussia, the sawing mills there had another mechanical power, that of drawing up the trees from the barks in which they were brought in the river, into the yard or store-house. I believe mills for sawing timber have been introduced only partially into England. All the mills in Holland rise to a very great height, to secure as much wind at all times as possible. Many of these mills were thatched on the sides as well as the roof.

A very ingenious discovery, infinitely more curious than the Dutch sawing-mill, has, however, been recently made in London, by Sir George Wright, Bart. of machinery for sawing stone, for which a patent has been obtained, now the property of Samuel Hill, Esq. who has added many improvements to it. By means of a steam-engine, a number of saws are set in motion, by which a solid block of marble or stone, rough from the quarry, can be cut into shafts of columns of diminishing diameters, one within the other, at the same time: the blocks fixed in an iron circular frame, resting upon four small wheels, by which they can be turned round by the person who has the care of a certain number of them, to keep the saws, which are almost in a horizontal position, constantly acting upon them; the blocks are a little inclined, to enable the saws to be supplied with water from a trough above, conducted by means of tin pipes to the respective orifices.

By means of this admirable invention, a saving of three-fourths of the stone is produced upon a block of large diameter; the outer cases being as strong as the cube, _five_ men can perform the work which occupied _forty_ before the discovery; and stone columns are reduced to the price of wooden ones. These saws can also cut out an entire gothic window, which they effect at a saving of eighty per cent. with great beauty and precision, and which in its former construction was divided into six different parts; the last savings or cubes, upon being cemented together, constitute a complete gothic column, and the concavity of the divided outer case of a large column forms an entire recess; a block will also, after it has afforded several shafts of columns, form a handsome series of chimnies. The pipes for conveying water by this machinery are much preferred, on account of their durability: the proprietors of several public works have adopted them in preference to those of wood, which are continually wanting repairs. This highly ingenious discovery has been matured and prosecuted with great public spirit and expense by the proprietor, and promises, from its great utility and economy, to become an object of high national importance.

In our treckschuyt, I witnessed a strong contrast to the spirits and loquacity of the French and Germans; all was smoke and silence, save when it yielded to a few short sentences, in which the word _mi vrow_ frequently met my ear. One very grave elderly gentleman, who wore an enormous curled and powdered wig, and who somewhat resembled Lord Burleigh in the Critic, spoke but once all the way, and that was in the following oracular sentence; “_Wat is goed voor de man is ook goed voor de vrow_—What is good for the husband, is as good for the wife;” so similar in many instances are the Dutch and English languages, that some of our witlings have observed that bad English will make very good Dutch. M. Siegenbeek, minister of the anabaptist church at Leyden, and the first who has occupied the chair for Dutch literature and eloquence in the university of that city, in which, by his genius and attainments, he reflects honour upon his country, has published a very ingenious work, entitled, _Verhandeling over de Nederduitsche Spelling_; a Treatise on Dutch Orthography, tending to render it uniform: this work and another by the same author, called _Verhandeling over den Ionsted, &c._ or a Treatise on the Influence of Euphony or agreeable Sound, and of the Facility of Pronunciation, on the orthography of the Dutch language, were, at the instigation and by the able exertions of M. Vander Palm, the agent of national education, some years since published, for the improvement of the national language and poetry. The late Batavian government adopted the system of orthography proposed by M. Siegenbeek, and ordered it to be used by all the offices of administration.

It is generally understood that the language of Holland is divided into High and Low Dutch, whereas there is but one pure language, as in England, which is called Neder Duitch, the language of the Netherlands, or of a country lying very low. In Holland, as in every other country, there is a variety of provincial idioms; for instance, a raw native of Friesland would not be understood at Amsterdam.

Of the Dutch language our immortal lexicographer, Johnson, says, “Our knowledge of the northern literature is so scanty, that of words undoubtedly Teutonic the original is not always to be found in any ancient language, and I have therefore inserted Dutch or German substitutes, which I consider not as radical, but parallel; not as the parent of, but as sisters to the English.” To close this digression, the language, I must confess, did not sound dissonant to my ear from the lips of well-bred persons.

The following specimens will enable the reader to observe the solidity of the learned doctor’s remark.

Was you at Lord Nelson’s funeral? Yes. Waart gy by Lord Nelson’s begravenis? Ja. Waren sie bey Lord Nelson’s begræbniss? Ja.

Be then so good as to describe it to me. Weest dan zoo goed en beschryft het my. Sein sie dann so gut, und beschreiben sie es mir.

The procession was abruptly broken into three parts, De processie was volmaakt afgebroken in drie deelen, Die procession war plœtzlich abgebrochen in drey theile,

or rather there were three distinct and unconnected processions. of eerder er waare drie veschillende & afgezonderde processien. oder vielmehr, es waren drey verschiedene & abgesonderte processionen.

First came trumpeters playing the dead march in Saul, Eerst kwamen de trompetters de dood marsch in Saul blaasende, Zuerst kamen die trompeter, die den Toden marsch in Saul bliessen,

followed by a large body of cavalry and foot soldiers, gevolgd door een groot corps ruitery en infantery, auf welche ein grosses corps cavallerie und infanterie folgte,

having the appearance of going to a review. het voorkomen hebbende als of zy naar een revue ginge. welches aussahe, als wenn sie nach einer revue giengen.

When they had passed, and patience was nearly exhausted, Toen zy voorby waaren, & het geduld byna ten einde was, Als sie vorbei waren, und die gedult beinahe erschœpft war,

and a million or more of teeth had chattered with the cold, en een millioen van tande ge klappert hadden van de koude, und millionen zæhne geklappert hatten vor kælte,

more melancholy trumpeters appeared, blowing dirges, verscheenen nog meerder droevige trompetters treur liederren blaazende, erschienen andere melancholische trompeter, die trauerlieder bliessen,

then followed a line of mourning coaches, one filled with daarna volgde een rey rouw koet zen van de welke eene alsdann folgte eine reihe trauerwagen, der eine gefült mit

little flags, as returning from a Dutch fair; met kleine vlaggen gevuld was, als komende van een Hollandsche kermis; kleinen flaggen, als kæme er von einer Hollændischen kirmis zurück;

another with a knight’s shirt, spurs, and gloves, een ander met een ridders hembd, spooren & handschoenen, ein anderer mit eines ritters hemd, spornen und handschuen,

which dangled in the air from little white wands, al het welke in de lugt wapperde, hangende aan witte stockjes, welche flatterten in der luft, an kleinen weisen stecken hangend,

then succeeded a group of noble fellows, dan volgde een hoop braave knaape uitmaakende, dann folgte ein haufen braver kerls,

part of the crew of Nelson’s ship, gedeelte van het volk van Nelson’s schip, ein theil der mannschafft von Nelson’s schiff,

their faces were embrowned by the hard duties of war; hun aangezichte waare bruin door de harde oorlogs pligte; ihre gesichter waren braun geworden durch die harten kriegs dienste;

their hearts seemed touched with genuine sorrow; hunne herte scheenen aangedaan door op rechte droefheid; ihre hertzen schienen gerührt mit aufrichtigem schmerze;

very few could look upon them with dry eyes. zeer weinige konde hun met drooge oogen aanzien. Sehr wenige konnten auf sie sehen mit trocknen augen.

In the simple garb of sailors, with downcast looks, In de eenvoudige matroozen kleeding met neergeslagen oogen, In der einfachen matrosenkleidung, mit niedergeschlagenen blicken,

they engaged more attention than all the military pomp trokken zy meerder aandacht op zig als al de militaire zogen sie mehr aufmerksamkeit auf sich, als alle militaire pracht

which had preceded them; die hun voorafgegaan was: die ihnen vorangegangen war:

I saw one of them raise his rough hand to his eye Ik zag, een van hun, zyn ruwe hand tot zyn oog brengen Ich sahe einen von ihnen seine rauhe hand nach seinem auge bringen

and wipe away a tear—perchance the first he ever shed. en een traan afwissen de eerste dien hy mischien in zyn leeven gestort had. und eine thraene abwischen, vielleicht die erste, welche er jemals vergoss.

All thought the hero’s body would immediately follow. een yder dagt dat nu het lichaam van den held volgen. jederman glaubte, des helden leichnam werde unmittelbar folgen.

An hour had elapsed, during which the volunteers Een uur ging voorby, geduurende het welke de vrywillige Eine stunde gieng vorüber, wæhrend welcher die freiwilligen

broke from their ranks to get refreshments, uithunne geleederren liepen om zig te verfrischen, aus ihren reihen liefen, um sich zu erfrischen,

and all was chaos and confusion—These brave men, en alles was een Caos van verwarring—Deeze braave mannen, und alles war chaos und verwirrung—Diese braven maenner,

although they have been slandered by one high in the state, al hoewel zy door een groot man in de staat geheekelt waaren, Obschon sie von einem hohen staats manne sind verhoehnet worden,

will, when the hour arrives, discharge their duty. zullen, wanneer de tyd koomt, hunne pligt voldoen. werden, wann die stunde kommt, ihre pflicht thun.

At last, when every eye had been strained with expectation, Eindelyk, toen yder oog vermoeid was door verwagting, Endlich, als jederman’s auge gespannt war mit erwartung,

the dark plumed car appeared, bearing the remains verscheen de zwarte gepluimde, kar met de overblyfsels erschien der schwarze, gefederte wagen, tragend die uberbleibsel

of the mighty chief, whose fame will live as long van de magtige bevelhebber, wiens _roem_ zoo lang zal bestaan des maechtigen befehlshabers, dessen ruhm bestehen wird so lange

as the ocean which supported him als de oceaan die hem in zyn triumph als der ocean, der ihn trug

in his triumph, shall roll his waves. droeg zyne baaren rollen zal. in seinem triumph, wird seine wellen wælzen.

No solemn music announced its approach, Geen solemneel muziek verkondigde zyn naadering, keine feierliche musik verkündigte seine ankunft,

or closed its melancholy movement. of sloot zyn droevige beweeging. oder beendigte seine melancholische bewegung.

A line of mourning coaches succeeded, Een rey van gemeene rouw koetzen volgde, Eine reihe von gemeinen trauerwagen folgte,

at unequal distances. in ongelyke afstanden. in ungleicher entfernung.

Many of them, having been left behind, Verscheide zyndeagter af gebleeven, Viele von ihnen, die zurück geblieben waren,

drove furiously along the streets, reede met drift door de straaten, fuhren wüthend durch die strassen,

and so closed this public spectacle, en zoo sloot dit algemeen spectakel, und so endigte sich dieses œffentliche schauspiel,

upon which enormous sums were lavished to show, voor het welke groote somme weggeworpe waaren omde, auf welches grosse summen sind verschwendet worden, zu zeigen,

the nation’s love of valour, and its want of taste. natsie haar liefde voor moed, & gebrek aan smaak te tonen. der nation’s liebe für tapferkeit, & ihren mangel an geschmack.