Chapter I: Front Matter

Discoveries by French and Portuguese along the Coast--Cape of
Good Hope--Results. 17

CHAPTER III.

Pirates--Davis, Roberts, and others--British Cruisers--Slave-Trade
systematized--Guineamen--“Horrors of the Middle
Passage”. 20

CHAPTER IV.

Physical Geography--Climate--Geology--Zoology--Botany. 31

CHAPTER V.

African Nations--Distribution of Races--Arts--Manners and
Character--Superstitions--Treatment of the Dead--Regard for the
Spirits of the Departed--Witchcraft--Ordeal--Military
Force--Amazons--Cannibalism. 46

CHAPTER VI.

Trade--Metals--Mines--Vegetable
Productions--Gums--Oils--Cotton--Dye-Stuffs. 65

CHAPTER VII.

European Colonies--Portuguese--Remaining Influence of the
Portuguese--Slave Factories--English Colonies--Treaties with the
Native Chiefs--Influence of Sierra Leone--Destruction of
Barracoons--Influence of England--Chiefs on the Coast--Ashantee--King
of Dahomey. 71

CHAPTER VIII.

Dahomey--Slavish Subjection of the People--Dependence of the King on
the Slave-Trade--Exhibition of Human Skulls--Annual Human
Sacrifices--Lagos--The Changes of Three Centuries. 85

CHAPTER IX.

State of the Coast prior to the Foundation of Liberia--Native
Tribes--Customs and Policy--Power of the Folgias--Kroomen,
&c.--Conflicts. 94

CHAPTER X.

General Views on the Establishment of Colonies--Penal Colonies--Views
of the People of the United States in reference to African
Colonies--State of Slavery at the Revolutionary War--Negroes who
joined the English--Disposal of them by Great Britain--Early Movements
with respect to African Colonies--Plan matured by Dr.
Finley--Formation of the American Colonization Society. 101

CHAPTER XI.

Foundation of the American Colony--Early Agents--Mills, Burgess, Bacon
and others--U. S. Sloop-of-War “Cyane”--Arrival at the Island of
Sherboro--Disposal of Recaptured Slaves by the U. S.
Government--Fever--Slavers Captured--U. S. Schooner “Shark”--Sherboro
partially abandoned--U. S. Schooner “Alligator”--Selection and
Settlement of Cape Mesurado--Capt. Stockton--Dr. Ayres--King
Peter--Arguments with the Natives--Conflicts--Dr. Ayres made
Prisoner--King Boatswain--Completion of the Purchase. 110

CHAPTER XII.

Ashmun--Necessity of Defence--Fortifications--Assaults--Arrival of
Major Laing--Condition of the Colonies--Sloops-of-War “Cyane” and
“John Adams”--King Boatswain as a Slaver--Misconduct of the
Emigrants--Disinterestedness of Ashmun--U. S. Schooner
“Porpoise”--Captain Skinner--Rev. R. R. Gurley--Purchase of Territory
on the St. Paul’s River--Attack on Tradetown--Piracies--U. S. Schooner
“Shark”--Sloop-of-War “Ontario”--Death of Ashmun--His Character by
Rev. Dr. Bacon. 123

CHAPTER XIII.

Lot Carey--Dr. Randall--Establishment of the Liberia Herald--Wars
with the Deys--Sloop-of-War “John Adams”--Difficulties of the
Government--Condition of the Settlers. 141

CHAPTER XIV.

The Commonwealth of Liberia--Thomas H. Buchanan--Views of different
Parties--Detached Condition of the Colony--Necessity of
Union--Establishment of a Commonwealth--Use of the American Flag in
the Slave-Trade--“Euphrates”--Sloop “Campbell”--Slavers at
Bassa--Expedition against them--Conflict--Gallinas. 148

CHAPTER XV.

Buchanan’s Administration continued--Death of King Boatswain--War
with Gaytumba--Attack on Heddington--Expedition of Buchanan
against Gaytumba--Death of Buchanan--His Character. 159

CHAPTER XVI.

Roberts governor--Difficulties with English Traders--Position of
Liberia in respect to England--Case of the “John Seyes”--Official
Correspondence of Everett and Upshur--Trouble on the
Coast--Reflections. 166

CHAPTER XVII.

Roberts’ Administration--Efforts in Reference to English
Traders--Internal Condition of Liberia--Insubordination--Treaties with
the native Kings--Expedition to the Interior--Causes leading to a
Declaration of Independence. 173

CHAPTER XVIII.

Independence of Liberia proclaimed and acknowledged by Great Britain,
France, Belgium, Prussia, and Brazil--Treaties with England and
France--Expedition against New Cesters--U. S. Sloop-of-War
“Yorktown”--English and French Cruisers--Disturbances among the
native Chiefs--Financial Troubles--Recurring Difficulty with
English Traders--Boombo, Will Buckle, Grando, King Boyer. 180

CHAPTER XIX.

Condition of Liberia as a Nation--Aspect of Liberia to a
Visitor--Character of Monrovia--Soil, Productions and
Labor--Harbor--Condition of the People compared with that of their
Race in the United States--Schools. 192

CHAPTER XX.

Maryland in Liberia--Cape Palmas--Hall and Russwurm--Chastisement
of the Natives at Berebee by the U. S. Squadron--Line of
Packets--Proposal of Independence--Illustrations of the
Colonization Scheme--Christian Missions. 200

CHAPTER XXI.

Renewal of Piracy and the Slave-Trade at the close of the European
War--British Squadron--Treaties with the Natives--Origin of
Barracoons--Use of the American Flag in the Slave-Trade--Official
Correspondence on the Subject--Condition of Slaves on board of the
Slave-Vessels--Case of the “_Veloz Passageira_”--French Squadron. 213

CHAPTER XXII.

United States Squadron--Treaty of Washington. 232

CHAPTER XXIII.

Case of the “Mary Carver,” seized by the Natives--Measures of the
Squadron in consequence--Destruction of Towns--Letter from U. S. Brig
“Truxton” in relation to a captured Slaver. 235

CHAPTER XXIV.

Capture of the Slave-Barque “Pons”--Slaves landed at Monrovia--Capture
of the Slave-equipped Vessels “Panther,” “Robert Wilson,”
“Chancellor,” &c.--Letter from the “Jamestown” in reference to
Liberia--Affair with the Natives near Cape Palmas--Seizure and
Condemnation of the Slaver “H. N. Gambrill”. 243

CHAPTER XXV.

Cruise of the “Perry”--Instructions--Dispatched to the South
Coast--Benguela--Case of a Slaver which had changed her Nationality
captured by an English Cruiser--St. Paul de Loanda--Abuse of the
American Flag--Want of a Consul on the South Coast--Correspondence
with British Officers in relation to Slavers under the American
Flag--The Barque “Navarre”--Treaty with Portugal--Abatement of
Custom-House Duties--Cruising off Ambriz--An Arrangement made with the
British Commodore for the Joint Cruising of the “Perry” and Steamer
“Cyclops”--Co-operation with the British Squadron for the Suppression
of the Slave-Trade--Fitting out of American Slavers in Brazil. 254

CHAPTER XXVI.

American Brigantine “Louisa Beaton” suspected--Correspondence with the
Commander of the Southern Division of the British Squadron--Boat
Cruising--Currents--Rollers on the
Coast--Trade-Winds--Climate--Prince’s Island--Madame Fereira. 272

CHAPTER XXVII.

Return to the Southern Coast--Capture of the American Slave-Ship
“Martha”--Claim to Brazilian Nationality--Letters found on board
illustrative of the Slave-Trade--Loanda--French, English, and
Portuguese Cruisers--Congo River--Boarding Foreign Merchant
Vessels--Capture of the “Volusia” by a British Cruiser--She claims
American Nationality--The Meeting of the Commodores at
Loanda--Discussions in relation to Interference with Vessels
ostensibly American--Seizure of the American Brigantine
“Chatsworth,”--Claims by the Master of the “Volusia”. 285

CHAPTER XXVIII.

Another Cruise--Chatsworth again--Visit to the Queen near
Ambrizette--Seizure of the American Brigantine “Louisa Beaton” by a
British Cruiser--Correspondence--Proposal of Remuneration from the
Captors--Seizure of the “Chatsworth” as a Slaver--Italian
Supercargo--Master of the “Louisa Beaton”. 306

CHAPTER XXIX.

Prohibition of Visits to Vessels at
Loanda--Correspondence--Restrictions removed--St. Helena--Appearance
of the Island--Reception--Correspondence with the
Chief-Justice--Departure. 324

CHAPTER XXX.

Return to Loanda--“Cyclops” leaves the Coast--Hon. Captain
Hastings--Discussion with the British Commodore in reference to the
Visit at St. Helena--Commodore Fanshawe--Arrival at Monrovia--British
Cruiser ashore--Arrival at Porto Praya--Wreck of a Hamburgh Ship. 336

CHAPTER XXXI.

Return to the South Coast--Comparative Courses and Length of
Passage--Country at the Mouth of the Congo--Correspondence with the
British Commodore--State of the Slave-Trade--Communication to the
Hydrographical Department--Elephants’ Bay--Crew on Shore--Zebras. 344

CHAPTER XXXII.

The Condition of the Slave-Trade--Want of suitable Cruisers--Health
of the Vessel--Navy Spirit-ration--Portuguese Commodore--French
Commodore--Loanda--Letter from Sir George Jackson, British
Commissioner, on the State of the Slave-Trade--Return to Porto
Praya. 357

CHAPTER XXXIII.

Island of Madeira--Porto Grande, Cape Verde Islands--Interference
of the British Consul with the “Louisa Beaton”--Porto
Praya--Brazilian Brigantine seized by the Authorities--Arrival
at New York. 369

CHAPTER XXXIV.

Conclusion--Necessity of Squadrons for Protection of Commerce and
Citizens abroad--Fever in Brazil, West Indies, and United
States--Influence of Recaptured Slaves returning to the different
regions of their own Country--Commercial Relations with Africa. 379

_PROBABLE CONFIGURATION_ of AFRICA,
_as represented by Contouror Horizontal Planes_.

_J.J. Adamson, del._ _Lith. of Sarony & Co. N. Y._]

AFRICA

AND

THE AMERICAN FLAG.