Chapter II: Preface

The field of primitive economic activity has been largely left uncultivated by both economists and anthropologists. The present study by Mr. Gilbert L. Wilson is an attempt to add to the scanty knowledge already at hand on the subject of the economic life of the American Indian.

The work was begun without theory or thesis, but solely with the object of gathering available data from an old woman expert agriculturist in one of the oldest agricultural tribes accessible to a student of the University of Minnesota. That the study has unexpectedly revealed certain varieties of maize of apparently great value to agriculture in the semi-arid areas west of Minnesota is a cause of satisfaction to both Mr. Wilson and myself. This fact again emphasizes the wisdom of research work in our universities. When, now and then, such practical dollar-and-cent results follow such purely scientific researches, the wonder is that university research work is not generously endowed by businesses which largely profit by these researches.

It is the intention of those interested in the anthropological work of the University of Minnesota that occasional publications will be issued by the University on anthropological subjects, although at present there is no justification for issuing a consecutive series. The present study is the second one in the anthropological field published by the University. The earlier one is number 6 in the _Studies in the Social Sciences_, issued March, 1916.

ALBERT ERNEST JENKS
_Professor of Anthropology_

CONTENTS

PAGES

Foreword 1-5

Chapter I—Tradition 6-8

Chapter II—Beginning a garden 9-15

Turtle 9
Clearing fields 9
Dispute and its settlement 10
Turtle breaking soil 11
Turtle’s primitive tools 12
Beginning a field in later times 13
Trees in the garden 15
Our west field 15
Burning over the field 15

Chapter III—Sunflowers 16-21

Remark by Maxi´diwiac 16
Planting sunflowers 16
Varieties 16
Harvesting the seed 17
Threshing 18
Harvesting the mapi´-na´ka 18
Effect of frost 18
Parching the seed 19
Four-vegetables-mixed 19
Sunflower-seed balls 21