Chapter I: Front Matter (1)

AN

ENGLISH GARNER.

VOLUME IV.

AN
ENGLISH
GARNER

INGATHERINGS
FROM OUR
HISTORY AND LITERATURE

BY
EDWARD ARBER, FSA. &c.

"YEA, HISTORY HATH TRIUMPHED
OVER TIME: WHICH BESIDES IT,
NOTHING BUT ETERNITY HATH
TRIUMPHED OVER."

Sir W. Raleigh,
_Hist. of the World_.

"AIRS AND MADRIGALS
THAT WHISPER SOFTNESS
IN CHAMBERS."

J. Milton,
_Areopagitica_.

VOLUME IV

ONLY TO BE OBTAINED BY APPLICATION TO
E. ARBER, 1 MONTAGUE ROAD,
BIRMINGHAM. ENGLAND
16 JAN., 1882.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
MITCHELL INVT·ET·DEL]

Contents of the Fourth Volume.

PAGE

[? THOMAS OCCLEVE, Clerk in the Office of the Privy Seal.] _The_
_Letter of Cupid._ (1402.) 54

EDWARD UNDERHILL, Esq., of the Band of Gentlemen Pensioners,
surnamed, "The hot Gospeller." _Examination and_
_Imprisonment in August 1553; with anecdotes of the Time_
(? 1562.) 72

[LUKE SHEPHERD, M.D.] _JOHN BON AND MAST PARSON._ (? 1551.) 101

ROBERT TOMSON, of Andover, Merchant. _Voyage to the West_
_Indies and Mexico, 1556-1558_, A.D. 11

JOHN FOX, the Martyrologist. _The Imprisonment of the Princess_
_Elizabeth._ (1563.) 112

Rev. THOMAS BRICE. _A compendious Register in metre, containing_
_the names and patient sufferings of the members of Jesus Christ,_
_and the tormented, and cruelly burned within England; since_
_the death of our famous King, of immortal memory, EDWARD_
_the Sixth, to the entrance and beginning of the reign of our_
_Sovereign and dearest Lady ELIZABETH, of England, France,_
_and Ireland, Queen; Defender of the Faith; to whose Highness_
_truly and properly appertaineth, next and immediately_
_under GOD, the supreme power and authority of the Churches_
_of England and Ireland._ (1559.) 143

GEORGE FERRERS, the Poet. _The winning of Calais by the_
_French, January 1558_ A.D. _General Narrative of the Recapture._
(? 1568.) 173

_The Passage of our dread Sovereign Lady, Queen ELIZABETH,_
_through the City of London to Westminster, the day before her_
_Coronation._ (1558.) 217

Lord WENTWORTH, the Lord Deputy of Calais, and the Council
there. _Letter to Queen Mary, 23rd May, 1557_ 186

Lords WENTWORTH and GREY, and the Council at Calais. _Report_
_to Queen Mary, 27th December, 1557_ 187

Lord WENTWORTH, at Calais. _Letter to Queen MARY, 1 January,_
_1558, 9 p.m._ 190

---- _Letter to Queen MARY, 2 January,_
_1558, 10 p.m._ 192

JOHN HIGHFIELD, Master of the Ordnance at Calais. _To the_
_Queen, our sovereign Lady._ (? 1558.) 196

Rev. WILLIAM HARRISON, B.D., Canon of Windsor, and Rector
of Radwinter. _ELIZABETH arms England, which MARY had_
_left defenceless,_ (? 1588.) 248

_ALCILIA: PHILOPARTHEN's Loving Folly._ (1595.) 253

_LYRICS, ELEGIES, &C. The First Book of Songs or Airs._
By JOHN DOWLAND, Bachelor of Music. (1597.) 28

---- _The Second Book of Songs or Airs._
By JOHN DOWLAND, Bachelor of Music. (1600.) 519

---- _The Third and Last Book of Songs or Airs._
By JOHN DOWLAND, Bachelor of Music. (1603.) 609

---- _A Pilgrim's Solace_. By JOHN DOWLAND,
Bachelor of Music. (1612.) 644

_Sir THOMAS OVERBURY his Observations in his Travels, upon the_
_State of the Seventeen Provinces, as they stood Anno Domini_
_1609: the Treaty of Peace being then on foot._ (1626.) 297

TOBIAS GENTLEMAN, Fisherman and Mariner. _England's Way_
_to Win Wealth, and to employ Ships and Mariners._ (1614.) 323

BEN JONSON. _Answer to Master WITHER's Song_, Shall I,
wasting in despair. (1617.) 577

King JAMES. _The King's Majesty's Declaration to his Subjects,_
_concerning lawful Sports to be used._ (1618.) 511

_The Famous and Wonderful Recovery of a Ship of Bristol, called_
_the Exchange, from the Turkish Pirates of Argier. With the_
_unmatchable attempts and good success of JOHN RAWLINS,_
_Pilot in her, and other slaves: who, in the end (with the_
_slaughter of about forty of the Turks and Moors), brought the_
_ship into Plymouth, the 13th of February [1622] last, with the_
_Captain a Renegado, and five Turks more; besides the redemption_
_of twenty-four men and one boy from Turkish_
_slavery._ (1622.) 581

GEO. WITHER. _Fair VIRTUE, the Mistress of PHIL'ARETE._ (1622.) 353

---- _A Miscellany of Epigrams, Sonnets, Epitaphs, and_
_such other Verses as were found written with the Poem aforegoing._
(1622.) 495

JOHN RUSHWORTH, Esq., of Lincoln's Inn. _The Sequestration of_
_Archbishop ABBOT from all his Ecclesiastical Offices, in 1627._ 535

R[ICHARD] Y[?OUNG]. _The state of a Christian lively set forth,_
_by an allegory of a Ship under Sail._ (1636.) 49

ABRAHAM COWLEY. _The Chronicle. A BALLAD._ (1669.) 319

_A true and just Relation of Major-General Sir THOMAS MORGAN's_
_Progress in France and Flanders with the Six Thousand_
_English, in the years 1657 and 1658, at the taking of Dunkirk,_
_and other important places._ (1699.) 623

FIRST LINES OF POEMS AND STANZAS.

PAGE

_Adieu_ 478
Adieu, fond Love! 291
_Admire not, Shepherd_ 423
A foul vice it is 59
After dark night, the 268
After long sickness 271
After long storms 285
"Ah, Lady mine!" 55
"_Ah, me!_" 476
_A lad, whose faith_ 399
Alas, poor fools! 101
Albeit that men find 59
ALCILIA's eyes have set 267
ALCILIA said 270
All in vain is Ladies' 529
All the day, the sun 45
_All their riches_ 492
All the night, my sleeps 45
All ye, whom love 42
_A lover of the_ 456
Although through 57
And all the little lime 322
And for that every 56
And, furthermore, have 57
And GOD, to whom 68
And if thine Ears 525
_And if those, who_ 491
And Love itself is 621
_And, now, no more_ 426
And of mercy, hath 69
And O grant, thou 359
And the book 61
_And this shall be the_ 386
_And though I never_ 386
And though the work 260
And touching this 67
And trusteth well 63
And when he saddest 46
And when this man 56
And where men say 68
_And yet although_ 426
_And yet, I do not fear_ 424
_And yet, if in time_ 507
And you, my Thoughts 35
An old proverb there 60
Another MARY then 320
Another wretch, unto 57
"_Are we the two that_ 433
Are you false gods! 616
Are you fled, Fair! 616
As Heat to Life 648
A Shepherd in a shade 530
As Hope hath here 169
As LOVE had drawn 266
"_A thousand lives I_ 401
A thousand times 275
Awake, sweet love! 46
Away with these 47
A wicked tree 60

Base servile thoughts 292
Beauty can want no 613
Behold a wonder 612
_Be not proud, because_ 487
_Be thou still_ 493
Betrayin not men 57
Better a thousand times 37
Blush not, my Love! 266
Both knit in one 654
_Bound to none_ 484
Boy! ha' done! 406
Burst forth my tears! 38
"But could thy fiery 613
_But fie! my foolish_ 426
But her in heart 62
_But in her eyes_ 385
But in her place 321
But I will briefer 322
_But kissing and_ 431
_But let nor Nymph_ 405
_But lest this conquest_ 435
But, maugre them 62
But nought, alas 262
But O, the fury 42
_But, O, thrice happy!_ 424
_But say! What fruit_ 383
But should I now 321
But such as will run 622
_But such visions_ 508
_But, trust me!_ 505
But, understandeth 70
But what can stay 34
But when ISABELLA 321
_But why_ 476
_But, yet, at last, I_ 456
But yet it is a sport 622
By a fountain where 617
_By greatest titles_ 484
By process moveth 55
_By these imperfections_ 506
By thine error thou 530
_By this, thy tunes_ 520
'By thy Beauty 359

_Can he prize the_ 428
Can Love be rich 36
Can she excuse my 36
Care that consumes 43
'Cause her fortunes seem 579
'_Cause her fortunes_ 579
'_Cause her fortune_ 454
Cease, cease, cease 656
Clear or cloudy 533
Clerkis feign also there 65
Cold as ice frozen 617
Cold, hold! the sun 619
Come again! Sweet 44
Come again! that I 44
Come away! come 40
Come away! come 41
"Come, gentle Death! 205
Come, heavy Sleep! 47
_Come, my Muse!_ 381
Come, Shadow of my 47
Come, when I call 622
Come, ye heavy States 528
Come, You Virgins of 528
CUPIDO (unto whose 54

Daphne was not so 613
Dear! if I do 38
Dear, if you change! 38
Dear! let me die 648
Dear! when I from thee 37
Declare the griefs 273
Die not before thy day! 523
Disdain me still 648
_Do as thou wouldst_ 100
_Down her cheeks, the_ 509
Down vain lights! 523

Each hour, amidst 44
Each natural thing 295
_Ear never heard of_ 405
Earth with her flowers 38
ELIZA, till this hour 319
Enough of this! 275
_Ere I had twice_ 480
"Every woman" 58
Example we have 100
Experience which 526

Failed of that hap 289
Fain would I speak 269
_Fain would I tell_ 403
Fair is my love! 265
_Fair! Since thy_ 453
Fair tree, but fruitless! 273
Fair with garlands 618
False World! farewell! 653
_Farewell_ 477
Farewell, too fair! 611
Farewell, too dear! 611
Farewell, Unkind! 619
Fast fixed in my heart 262
Fear to offend forbids 271
Fie on this feigning! 620
Fine knacks for ladies! 526
Flow, my tears! 523
Flow not so fast 614
Fly, my Breast! 530
"_For if thy heart_ 432
_For if thou shalt not_ 493
_For like two suns_ 455
_For, lo, a dream I had_ 402
_For Love hath kindled_ 404
For my heart, _though_ 530
_For next, shall thy_ 507
_For on my chin_ 481
_"For should we do_ 433
_For when I waking_ 403
From Fame's desire 525
From silent night 653
Fulfilled be it! 71
Full hard it is 55

Gentle HENRIETTE 321
Gentle LOVE draw 45
_Gentle Swain!_ 490
God CUPID's shaft, 47
Go, nightly cares! 653
_Go, wantons, now_ 435
Great gifts are guiles 527
_Great men have helps_ 425
_Great, or Good_ 455
_Great, or Good, or_ 580
Grief, alas, though 650
Grieve not thyself 289

_Had I a Mistress_ 405
Hail, fair Beauties! 387
Hail! thou Fairest 358
_Happy are these_ 490
Hark, you shadows! 523
Haste hapless sighs! 39
Heart's Ease and I 272
_Hence, away!_ 427
Her body is straight 265
_Her dainty palm_ 431
Here may you find 259
Here PHIL'ARET did 488
Her fires do inward 651
Her Grace, like June 533
Her heapèd virtue 68
_He's a fool, that_ 428
_He that Courtly_ 491
He that in matters 295
_He that hath this_ 100
He that receiveth all 649
His golden locks 45
His helmet, now 46
Hope by disdain 43
How friendly was 65
"_How glad, and fain_ 401
How happy, once 290
"How might I that 614
How shall I then 34
How vain is Youth 295
Humour say I 533

I am no Italian lover 361
I am not sick, and yet 264
I am now inclined 534
_I die!_ 478
_I do scorn, to vow_ 428
_If all men could_ 491
If any carp, for that 494
If any eye therefore 654
I fare like him who 291
If CYNTHIA crave 48
_If I should my sorrows_ 381
If I should tell 322
If I speak! 41
If it be Love 264
If love doth make 36
If Music and sweet 28
If my complaints 36
If no delays can move 43
If she, at last 47
If she esteem the 46
If she for this 35
If she will yield to 37
_If such weak thoughts_ 424
If that in ought mine 264
If that these men, 63
_If you boast that_ 485
_I have a Love that's_ 424
_I have elsewhere_ 427
_I have heard that_ 382
_I have wept, and_ 381
I'll go to the woods 650
_I'm no slave to such_ 427
In any book also 69
In company 273
In general, we wollin 54
Ingrateful LOVE! 289
In her presence all 534
In looking back 293
In midst of winter 268
In my _Legend of_ 65
In prime of Youth 295
In Reason's Court 276
_In song, APOLLO gave_ 403
_In spite of others' hates_ 386
_In these lonely groves_ 492
_In these thoughts_ 488
In vain do we 290
"I pray thee, tell! 267
I saw my Lady weep' 522
Is this a fair avaunt? 56
_I that have oft_ 480
_I to a thousand_ 481
It was a time when 620
It was my chance 261
_I wandered out_ 455
I will no longer spend 293
I will not call for aid 259

Judge not by this 260
Justice gives each 532

_Knew I my Love_ 481

_Leave me! then_ 429
Lend your ears to my 617
Let love which never 46
Let not thy tongue 275
Let those doters on 360
Like to a man that 289
Like to the silver 613
Like to the winds 39
_Lines to some_ 382
Long have I 268
Lo here, the Record 296
Loose Idleness! 294
_Lordly Gallants!_ 484
Love and I are now 283
Love and Youth 283
LOVE! Art thou blind? 268
_Love causèd GOD_ 153
_Love GOD, above_ 100
Love is honey mixed 283
Love is sorrow mixt 284
Love is the sickness 284
LOVE now no more 612
LOVE, then I must 650
LOVERS' Conceits 291
Lovers, lament! 275
Love stood amazed 616
Love! those beams 650
_Lute! Arise and_ 520

Malice of women! 66
Many one eke would 58
MARGARITA first 319
MARTHA soon did it 319
MARY then, and 320
_Means of harbour_ 381
Meanwhile, vouchsafe 260
Me! me! and none 613
_Men, alas, are too_ 381
Men bearing, eke 64
Men sayin that our 66
Mirth, then, is 534
_Mispend not a morning_ 504
Most sacred Queen! 276
Mount, then, my 652
Mourn! Day is with 524
Mourn! Look, now 524
_Much good do 't them_ 493
My fair ALCILIA! 267
My Heart and Tongue 654
_My heart is full nigh_ 480
My heart where _have_ 531
My liege! gods grant 621
My Love, by chance 266
My love doth rage 42
My merry mates! 654
"_My only Dear!_" 399
My songs, they be 48
My Thoughts are 35
My SPIRIT, I 286

_NARCISSUS like_ 482
Nature two eyes 528
Nay, think not LOVE! 294
Ne no wight disceiveth 67
Never hour of pleasing 41
New found, and only 654
No charge is what 62
_None comes hither_ 490
No! No! Where 36
No pain so great 271
No sooner had the 474
_Note of me_ 486
Nought can I say 64
"_No vulgar bliss_ 434
Now cease my 527
_Now Grace is of such_ 153
Now have I spun 288
Now holdith this 70
Now LOVE sits all alone 294
Now none is bald 525
Now, O now 37
Now prick on fast! 58
_Now, Young Man!_ 504

O crystal tears! 39
_O do not smile at_ 480
_O'ertired by cruel_ 402
O, every man ought 60
O fairer than ought 522
O fairest mind 652
Oft have I dreamed 615
_Oft have the Nymphs_ 404
Of thy worth, this 358
Of Troy also 65
Of twelve Apostles 60
_"O Heavens!" quoth_ 400
O, how honoured are 436
O, I am as heavy 534
_O, if she may be_ 483
"_O, if the Noblest_ 401
O judge me not 270
Once did I love 288
Once, I lived! 617
_Once, in a dream_ 482
One man hath but one 527
One month, three days 320
_On every bush, the_ 430
On this Glass of thy 360
Open the sluices 271
_O pity me, you Powers_ 404
_O, rather let me die_ 385
O, sweet words 525
O that Love should 529
O that thy sleep 40
Out, alas! my faith 45
OVID, in his book 61
O well were it, Nature 269
O what a life 292
_O, what are we_ 432
O what hath 618
_O, why had I a heart_ 481
Our wished wealth hath 169

Pale Jealousy! 271
Pardie! this Clerk 63
Parting from thee! 270
_Parve liber Domini_ 257
Passing all land is 54
Pausing a while 261
_Peruse with patience_ 153
Pity is but a poor 532
_Poor COLLIN grieves_ 482
Poor, or Bad, or 580
Praise blindness 525
Pray we, therefore 169
Princes hold conceit 533
_Proud she seemed_ 429

Rest awhile 41
Retire, my wandering 274

_Sad Eyes! What do you_ 384
Sad pining Care 39
"Say, Love! if ever 613
_Say, you purchase_ 485
_Seek to raise your_ 485
See! these trees 457
Shall a woman's vices 579
_Shall a woman's_ 578
_Shall a woman's_ 454
Shall I, mine 577
Shall I strive with 650
Shall I sue? 531
_Shall I swear_, 381
_Shall I, wasting in_ 454
_Shall I, wasting_ 577
Shall my foolish heart 578
_Shall then, in earnest_ 385
_She, little moved with_ 400
_Should my foolish_ 578
_Should my heart be_ 454
Should then my love 40
Show some relenting! 620
Silly wretch! Forsake 531
"Since REASON ought 278
Since you desire 269
Sleep is a reconciling! 619
Sleep now, my Muse! 272
Sleep wayward thoughts 42
_Some say that_ 425
Something I want; 264
Sometimes I seek for 269
_Somewhat, then, I_ 510
So movingly these 479
_So much grief_ 509
So powerful is the 612
Sorrow! Sorrow, stay! 523
Sorrow, to see my 653
Sorrow was there made 522
_So those virtues_ 493
Stay awhile! my 622
Stay, happy pair! 656
Stay, merry mates 655
Stay TIME, awhile 651
"_Still keep thy forehead_ 402
_"Still, when any wooèd_ 510
_Straight on me she_ 509
Such are thy parts 267
Such beams infused 612
_Such equal sweet_ 455
"_Sweet Heart!_" 453
Sweet! stay awhile! 648
Sweet Summer! 533

Take me, ASSURANCE! 532
Tears but augment 652
_Tell me, my heart!_ 383
Tell me, TRUE LOVE! 652
_That Gait and those_ 506
That GOD's true Word 169
_That Forehead_ 505
_That Lust, which thy_ 507
_That Strength_ 504
The acts of Ages past 495
The ancient poets write 266
The child, for ever 292
The Cynic being asked 270
The day I see is clear 618
The days are now come 272
Thee! entirely 360
The envious swelling 67
_Thee! unknown_ 509
The fire of Love 274
_The force of Love_ 153
_The grief whereof_ 399
The Ladies ever 61
The Ladies smiled oft 483
The longest day 285
The lowest trees 621
The more the virtue 70
Their word is, spoken 55
_Then all those rare_ 505
Then, as I, on Thee 362
Then from high rock 616
Then his tears 616
Then I forthwith took 618
Then LOVE and FOLLY 286
_Then, O, why so_ 492
Then mote it follow 64
Then sit thee down! 524
_Then Thou, that art_ 502
Then thus I buzzed 620
_Then what new study_ 383
Then, while their loves 362
Then will I thus 70
The painful ploughman 269
_There, a fountain_ 509
_Therefore have the_ 492
_Therefore know!_ 429
_Therefore on my_ 508
_There lives no Swain_ 481
There was but One 291
These faults had 285
These Ladies 63
_These, thy flocks do_ 490
The Spring of Youth 292
The sun hath twice 296
The sweet content 268
The tender Sprigs 274
"The things we have 293
The time will come 294
_The wishes of the_ 170
The worth that 48
Think'st thou, then 39
This Beauty shews 612
_This I knowing, did_ 382
This, thy Picture 361
_Those Ears, thou_ 505
_Those Eyes, which_ 506
_Those Fancies that_ 507
_Those Lips, whereon_ 506
Those sorry books 61
"_Those that have set_ 401
Those, that Mistresses 361
_Those tresses of Hair_ 505
_Those, whom the_ 489
Though a stranger 359
_Though I vainly do_ 485
Though little sign 247
_Though of dainties_ 486
Though thou be fair 294
Though thy praise 358
_Though you Lord it_ 489
_Thou, their folly_ 492
Thou, to no man 361
Thus have I long 288
_Thus Love and Grace_ 153
Thus, Precious Gem! 69
Thus sang the Nymph! 493
_Thy Affection_ 490
Thy grief in my deep 36
Thy large smooth 295
_Thy leave_ 477
_Thy joints are yet_ 504
_Thy Teeth, that stood_ 506
Time can abate the 615
Time's eldest son 524
Time stands still 611
'Tis not the vain 619
_'Tis the Eye that_ 382
To all, save me 44
To ask for all thy love 649
"To err and do amiss 290
To her! Nay! 56
To her, then, yield 614
To Master JEAN 64
To paint her outward 265
To seek adventures 263
To slaunder women 59
To thee, ALCILIA! 259
To thyself, the 529
Toss not my soul 532
To whom shall I 651
True love cannot 43
Trust, Perfect Love 66
Truth is not placed 620
"Twixt Hope and Fear 274
_Two pretty rills do_ 363

"Uncouth, unkist 272
Unhappy Eyes! 263
Unquiet thoughts! 34
Unwise was he, that 267
Upon the altar where 270
Upon the ocean 275

Vows, and oaths 529

_Walking to a pleasant_ 508
Was I so base, that I 37
Weep you no more 619
Weep not apace 614
Welcome, black Night 655
Were every thought 651
Were Love a Fire 265
What although in 359
What, am I dead? 264
"_What goodly thing_ 433
_What hopes have I_ 384
What if I never 615
_What is the cause_ 452
"What is the cause 266
"_What I waking_ 510
What, JOHN BON! 103
What poor astronomers 621
What thing is Beauty? 292
What thing is LOVE? 289
_What though my_ 384
When ALEXANDER 168
When AMBROSE died 165
When ASKUE, PALMER 162
When AWCOCKE, in 155
When blessèd BUTTER 155
When BRADBRIDGE 158
When BRADFORD 156
_When bright_ 508
When constant 160
When DALE deceased 167
When DENLY died 156
When DIRICK 156
When DUNSTON 163
When fair REBECCA 320
When FORTUNE 612
When GEORGE EGLES 165
When GLOVER 158
When godly GORE 159
When HULLIARDE 160
_When I have reached_ 404
_When in thraldom_ 488
When I swore my 529
When JA[C]KSON 162
When JOAN 164
When JOHN DAVY 168
When JOHN FISCOKE 165
When JOHN FORMAN 162
When JOHN HORNE 163
When JOHN LESSE 158
When JOHN LOWMAS 159
When JOHN NEWMAN 157
When JOHN OSWOLD 161
When JOHN ROUGHE 166
When JOYCE BOWES 166
When KATHERINE 161
When, last of all 169
When LAURENCE 157
When learnèd RIDLEY 158
When lowly LISTER 161
When MARGARET 161
_When on my bed_ 482
_When other noble_ 386
When others sing 525
_When PHILOMELA_ 430
When raging reign 154
When RAVENSDALE 163
When RICHARD 156
When RICHARD ROOTH 166
When RICHARD SMITH 158
When RICHARD YEMAN 168
When ROGERS 154
When ROWLAND 154
When SAMUEL 157
When shall Contention 171
When shall Jerusalem 170
When shall our minds 172
When shall that Man 171
When shall that painted 171
When shall the 170
When shall the blood 171
When shall the faithful 172
When shall the mind 170
When shall the serpents 171
When shall the SPIRIT 171
When shall the time 170
When shall the Trump 172
When shall the walls 170
When shall this flesh 172
When shall this life 171
When shall this time 170
When shall Thy Christ 172
When shall Thy Spouse 171
When shall True 172
When SOUTHAN 167
When SPARROW 166
When STANLY's wife 164
When SPENCER 160
When sudden chance 263
When TANKERFIELDE 157
When ten, at 165
When that JOHN 167
When the high GOD 59
When the weaver 163
When THOMAS FINALL 164
When THOMAS TYLER 168
When THOMAS 162
When THOMAS 159
When thoughts are 652
When three, within 103
When THURSTON's 166
When TOMKINS 155
When two at Ashford 164
When two men 161
When two women 160
When WHOD the 162
When WILLIAM 168
When WILLIAM 164
When WILLIAM 165
When WILLIAM 160
When WILLIAM 156
When WILLIAM 155
When WILLIAM ALLEN 157
When WILLIAM HARRIS 167
When WILLIAM NICOLL 167
When worthy WATTES 155
When worthy WEB 159
_When your faults_ 486
_When your hearts_ 487
Wherefore I say 67
_Wherefore, Muse!_ 382
Wherefore proceedeth 58
Where, retchless boy! 261
Where waters smoothest 621
_Whether thrallèd_ 492
_Which if I find_ 385
While season served to 293
Whilom, for many 62
_Whilst thus she spake_ 434
_Whilst Youth_ 384
White as lilies was 528
Whoever thinks, or 35
Who seats his love 293
Who spends the weary 273
Who thinks that 35
Who would be rapt 291
_Why are idle brains_ 491
_Why court I thy_ 453
_Why do foolish men_ 401
"_Why do I fondly_ 400
Why should I love 272
Why should we hope 290
Wilt thou be abusèd 37
Wilt thou, Unkind! 43
_With hand in hand_ 430
Within this pack 527
With pity moved 616
_With pleasant toil_ 431
_With that dismayed_ 400
_With that, I felt_ 434
Woful Heart, _with_ 530
Woman forsoke Him 69
Womanis heart 66
Women were made 284
Would my conceit 44
Wretched is he that 273

_Yea, and he that thinks_ 382
Yet be thou mindful 43
_Yet, ere, my eyes_ 405
Yet, if you please 649
Yet in this, Thou 362
_Yet I would not_ 428
"_Yet, let not, poor_ 402
Yet was this sinnè 68
_You are pleasèd_ 487
You cannot, every day 649
_You do bravely_ 487
_You Gallants, born_ 425
_You gentle Nymphs!_ 480
_You may boast_ 484
You men that give 526
_You never took so_ 435
Young men shall 360
You that, at a blush 370
Youthful Desire is 290
You woods! in you 526
_You woody Hills!_ 403

INGATHERINGS FROM OUR HISTORY AND LITERATURE]

VOL. IV.

ROBERT TOMSON, of Andover, Merchant.

_Voyage to the West Indies and Mexico_,
1556-1558, A.D.

[HAKLUYT. _Voyages._ 1589.]

The marvel is, that at this date, these Englishmen were allowed
to go to New Spain at all; it was probably one of the results
of the marriage of PHILIP with MARY TUDOR. BLAKE, FIELD, and
TOMSON were probably the first British islanders who reached
the city of Mexico. This narrative also gives us an account of
the first _auto-da-fé_ in that city.

* * * * *

ROBERT TOMSON, born in the town of Andover, in Hampshire, began his travels out of England in the month of March, _anno_ 1553 [_i.e._, 1554]; who departing out of the city of Bristol in company of other merchants of the said city, in a good ship called the bark _Young_, within eight days after, arrived at Lisbon, at Portugal: where the said ROBERT TOMSON remained fifteen days. At the end of which, he shipped himself for Spain in the said ship, and within four days arrived in the bay of Cadiz in Andalusia, which is under the kingdom of Spain: and from thence, travelled up to the city of Seville by land, which is twenty leagues; and there, he repaired to the house of one JOHN FIELD, an English merchant who had dwelt in the said city of Seville eighteen or twenty years married, with wife and children. In whose house, the said TOMSON remained by the space of one whole year or thereabout, for two causes: the one, to learn the Castilian tongue; the other, to see the orders of the country, and the customs of the people.

At the end of which time, having seen the fleets of ships come out of the [West] Indies to that city, with such great quantity of gold and silver, pearls, precious stones, sugar, hides, ginger, and divers other rich commodities; he did determine with himself to seek means and opportunity to pass over to see that rich country, from whence such a great quantity of rich commodities came.

And it fell out, that within short time after, the said JOHN FIELD, where the said TOMSON was lodged, did determine to pass over into the West Indies himself, with his wife, children, and family: and, at the request of the said TOMSON, he purchased a license of the King, to pass into the Indies, for himself, wife, and children; and among them, also, for the said TOMSON to pass with them. So that presently they made preparation of victuals and other necessary provision for the voyage. But the ships which were prepared to perform the voyage being all ready to depart, were, upon certain considerations by the King's commandment, stayed and arrested, till further should be known of the King's pleasure.

Whereupon, the said JOHN FIELD, with his company and ROBERT TOMSON (being departed out of Seville, and come down to San Lucar de Barrameda, fifteen leagues off) seeing the stay made upon the ships of the said fleet, and not being assured when they would depart, determined to ship themselves for the isles of the Canaries, which are 250 leagues from San Lucar, and there to stay till the said fleet should come hither; for that is continually their port to make stay at, six or eight days, to take fresh water, bread, flesh, and other necessaries.

So that in the month of February, in _anno_ 1555, the said ROBERT TOMSON, with the said JOHN FIELD and his company, shipped themselves in a caravel of the city of Cadiz, out of the town of San Lucar; and within six days, they arrived at the port of the Grand Canary: where at our coming, the ships that rode in the said port began to cry out of all measure, with loud voices: insomuch that the Castle, which stood fast by, began to shoot at us, and shot six or eight shot at us, and struck down our mainmast before we could hoist out our boat to go on land to know what the cause of the shooting was; seeing that we were Spanish ships, and coming into our country.

So that being on land, and complaining of the wrong and damage done unto us; they answered that "they had thought we had been French rovers, that had come into the said port to do some harm to the ships that were there." For that eight days past, there went out of the said port a caravel much like unto ours, ladened with sugars and other merchandise for Spain; and on the other side of the Point of the said island, met with a French Man of War: which took the said caravel, and unladed out of her into the said French ship, both men and goods. And it being demanded of the said Spaniards, "What other ships remained in the port whence they came?"; they answered, "There remained divers other ships, and one ladened with sugars as they were, and ready to depart for Spain." Upon the which news, the Frenchmen put thirty tall men of their ship, well appointed, into the said caravel that they had taken, and sent her back again to the said port from whence she had departed the day before.

Somewhat late towards evening, she came into port, not showing past three or four men, and so came to an anchor hard by the other ships that were in the said port. Being seen by the Castle and by the said ships, they made no reckoning of her, because they knew her: and thinking that she had found contrary winds at the sea, or having forgotten something behind them, they had returned back again for the same, they made no account of her, but let her alone riding quietly among the other ships in the said port. So that about midnight, the said caravel, with the Frenchmen in her, went aboard [_touched_] the other ship that lay hard by, ladened with sugars; and driving the Spaniards that were in her under the hatches, presently let slip her cables and anchors, and set sail and carried her clean away: and after this sort, deceived them. And they thinking or fearing that we were the like, did shoot at us as they did.

This being past: the next day after our arrival in the said port, we did unbark ourselves, and went on land up to the city or head town of the Grand Canaria, where we remained eighteen or twenty days; and there found certain Englishmen, merchants, servants of ANTHONY HICKMAN and EDWARD CASTELIN, merchants in the city of London, that lay there for traffic: of whom we received great courtesy and much good cheer.

After the which twenty days being past, in which we had seen the country, the people, and the disposition thereof, we departed from thence, and passed to the next isle of the Canaries, eighteen leagues off, called Teneriffe; and being come on land, went up to the city called La Laguna: where we remained seven months, attending the coming of the whole fleet, which, in the end, came; and there having taken that which they had need of, we shipped ourselves in a ship of Cadiz, being one of the said fleet, belonging to an Englishman married in the city of Cadiz in Spain, whose name was JOHN SWEETING. There came in the said ship as Captain, an Englishman also, whose name was LEONARD CHILTON, married in Cadiz, and son-in-law to the said JOHN SWEETING: and another Englishman also, whose name was RALPH SARRE, came in the same ship, which had been a merchant of the city of Exeter; one of fifty years of age or thereabouts.

So that we departed from the said islands in the month of October, the foresaid year [1555], eight ships in our company, and so directed our course towards the Bay of New Spain [_Gulf of Mexico_]; and, by the way, towards the island of Santo Domingo, otherwise called Hispaniola: so that within forty-two days [_i.e., in December_] after we departed from the said islands of Canaries, we arrived with our ship at the port of Santo Domingo; and went in over the bar, where our ship knocked her keel at her entry. There our ship rid [_rode_] before the town; where we went on land, and refreshed ourselves sixteen days.

There we found no bread made of wheat, but biscuit brought out of Spain, and out of the Bay of Mexico. For the country itself doth yield no kind of grain to make bread withal: but the bread they make there, is certain cakes made of roots called _cassavia_; which is something substantial, but it hath an unsavoury taste in the eating thereof. Flesh of beef and mutton, they have great store; for there are men that have 10,000 head of cattle, of oxen, bulls, and kine, which they do keep only for the hides: for the quantity of flesh is so great, that they are not able to spend the hundredth part. Of hog's flesh is there good store, very sweet and savoury; and so wholesome that they give it to sick folks to eat, instead of hens and capons: although they have good store of poultry of that sort, as also of guinea cocks and guinea hens.

At the time of our being there, the city of Santo Domingo was not of above 500 households of Spaniards: but of the Indians dwelling in the suburbs, there were more. The country is, most part of the year, very hot: and very full of a kind of flies or gnats with long bills [_mosquitos_], which do prick and molest the people very much in the night when they are asleep, in pricking their faces and hands and other parts of their bodies that lie uncovered, and make them to swell wonderfully. Also there is another kind of small worm, which creepeth into the soles of men's feet, and especially of the Black Moors [_Indians_] and children which use to go barefoot, and maketh their feet to grow as big as a man's head, and doth so ache that it would make one run mad. They have no remedy for the same, but to open the flesh, sometimes three or four inches, and so dig them out.

The country yieldeth great store of sugar, hides of oxen, bulls and kine, ginger, _cana fistula_, and _salsaparilla_. Mines of silver and gold there are none; but in some rivers, there is found some small quantity of gold. The principal coin that they do traffic withal in that place is black money, made of copper and brass: and this they say they do use, not for that they lack money of gold and silver to trade withal out of the other parts of [West] India, but because, if they should have good money, the merchants that deal with them in trade would carry away their gold and silver, and let the country commodities lie still. And thus much for Santo Domingo. So we were, coming from the isles of Canaries to Santo Domingo, and staying there, until the month of December: which was three months.

About the beginning of January [1556], we departed thence towards the Bay of Mexico and New Spain; towards which we set our course, and so sailed twenty-four days, till we came within fifteen leagues of San Juan de Ulua, which was the port of Mexico of our right discharge.

And being so near our said port, there rose a storm of northerly winds which came off from _Terra Florida_; which caused us to cast about into the sea again, for fear lest that night we should be cast upon the shore before day did break, and so put ourselves in danger of casting away. The wind and sea grew so foul and strong, that, within two hours after the storm began, nine ships that were together, were so dispersed, that we could not see one another.

One of the ships of our company, being of the burden of 500 tons, called the "Hulk of Carion," would not cast about to sea, as we did; but went that night with the land: thinking in the morning to purchase the port of San Juan de Ulua; but missing the port, went with the shore, and was cast away. There were drowned of that ship, seventy-five persons, men, women, and children; and sixty-four were saved that could swim, and had means to save themselves. Among those that perished in that ship, was a gentleman who had been Pres[id]ent the year before in Santo Domingo, his wife and four daughters, with the rest of his servants and household.

We, with the other seven ships, cast about into the sea, the storm [en]during ten days with great might, boisterous winds, fogs, and rain. Our ship, being old and weak, was so tossed that she opened at the stern a fathom under water, and the best remedy we had was to stop it with beds and pilobiers [? _pillows for litters_]: and for fear of sinking we threw and lightened into the sea all the goods we had, or could come by; but that would not serve.

Then we cut our mainmast, and threw all our ordnance into the sea, saving one piece; which, early in a morning, when we thought we should have sunk, we shot off: and, as it pleased GOD, there was one of the ships of our company near unto us, which we saw not by means of the great fog; which hearing the sound of the piece, and understanding some of the company to be in great extremity, began to make towards us, and when they came within hearing of us, we desired them "for the love of GOD! to help to save us, for that we were all like to perish!" They willed us "to hoist our foresail as much as we could, and make towards them; for they would do their best to save us;" and so we did.

And we had no sooner hoisted our foresail, but there came a gale of wind; and a piece of sea struck in the foresail, and carried away sail and mast all overboard: so that then we thought there was no hope of life. And then we began to embrace one another, every man his friend, every wife her husband, and the children their fathers and mothers; committing our souls to Almighty GOD, thinking never to escape alive. Yet it pleased GOD, in the time of most need, when all hope was past, to aid us with His helping hand, and caused the wind a little to cease; so that within two hours after, the other ship was able to come aboard us, and took into her, with her boat, man, woman and child, naked without hose, or shoes upon many of our feet.

I do remember that the last person that came out of the ship into the boat was a woman Black Moore [_Indian_]; who leaping out of the ship into the boat, with a young sucking child in her arms, leapt too short, and fell into the sea, and was a good while under the water before the boat could come to rescue her: and, with the spreading of her clothes rose above water again, and was caught by the coat and pulled into the boat, having still her child under her arm, both of them half drowned; and yet her natural love towards her child would not let her let the child go. And when she came aboard the boat, she held her child so fast under her arm still, that two men were scant able to get it out.

So we departed out of our ship, and left it in the sea. It was worth 400,000 ducats [= _about_ £100,000 _then = about_ £900,000 _now_], ship and goods, when we left it.

Within three days after, we arrived at our port of San Juan de Ulua, in New Spain.

I do remember that in the great and boisterous storm of this foul weather, in the night there came upon the top of our mainyard and mainmast, a certain little light, much like unto the light of a little candle, which the Spaniards called the _corpos sancto_, and said "It was Saint ELMO" [_see Vol. III. p. 417_], whom they take to be the advocate of sailors. At which sight, the Spaniards fell down upon their knees and worshipped it: praying GOD and Saint ELMO to cease the torment, and save them from the peril they were in; with promising him that, on their coming on land, they would repair unto his chapel, and there cause masses to be said, and other ceremonies to be done. The friars [did] cast relics into the sea, to cause the sea to be still, and likewise said _Gospels_, with other crossings and ceremonies upon the sea to make the storm to cease: which, as they said, did much good to weaken the fury of the storm. But I could not perceive it, nor gave any credit to it; till it pleased GOD to send us the remedy, and delivered us from the rage of the same. His name be praised therefore!

This light continued aboard our ship about three hours, flying from mast to mast, and from top to top; and sometimes it would be in two or three places at once. I informed myself of learned men afterward, what this light should be? and they said that "It was but a congelation of the wind and vapours of the sea congealed with the extremity of the weather, and so flying in the wind, many times doth chance to hit the masts and shrouds of the ship that are at sea in foul weather." And, in truth, I do take it to be so: for that I have seen the like in other ships at sea, and in sundry ships at once. By this, men may see how the Papists are given to believe and worship such vain things and toys as God; to whom all honour doth appertain: and in their need and necessities do let [_cease_] to call upon the living GOD, who is the giver of all good things.

The 16th of April in _anno_ 1556, we arrived at the port of San Juan de Ulua in New Spain, very naked and distressed of apparel and all other things, by means of the loss of our foresaid ship and goods; and from thence we went to the new town called Vera Cruz, five leagues from the said port of San Juan de Ulua, marching still by the sea shore: where we found lying upon the sands a great quantity of mighty great trees, with roots and all, some of them four, five, or six cart load, by estimation; which, as the people told us, were, in the great stormy weather which we [en]dured at sea, rooted out of the ground in _Terra Florida_ right against that place (which is 300 leagues over the sea), and brought thither.

So that we came to the said town of Vera Cruz; where we remained a month. There the said JOHN FIELD chanced to meet an old friend of his acquaintance in Spain, called GONZALO RUIZ DE CORDOVA, a very rich man of the said town of Vera Cruz; who (hearing of his coming thither, with his wife and family; and of his misfortune by sea) came unto him, and received him and all his household into his house, and kept us there a whole month, making us very good cheer; and giving us good entertainment, and also gave us, that were in all eight persons, of the said J. FIELD's house, double apparel, new out of the shop, of very good cloth, coats, cloaks, shirts, smocks, gowns for the women, hose, shoes, and all other necessary apparel; and for our way up to the city of Mexico, horses, moyles [_mules_], and men; and money in our purses for the expenses by the way, which by our account might amount unto the sum of 400 crowns [= £120 _then = about_ £1,000 _now_].

After we were entered two days' journey into the country, I, the said ROBERT TOMSON, fell sick of an ague: so that the next day I was not able to sit on my horse; but was fain to be carried upon Indians' backs from thence to Mexico.

And when we came within half a day's journey of the city of Mexico, the said JOHN FIELD also fell sick; and within three days after we arrived at the said city, he died. And presently sickened one of his children, and two more of his household people; who within eight days died. So that within ten days after we arrived at the city of Mexico, of eight persons that were of us of the said company, there remained but four of us alive: and I, the said TOMSON, at the point of death, of the sickness that I got on the way, which continued with me for the space of six months [_till October 1556_]. At the end of which time, it pleased GOD to restore me my health again, though weak and greatly disabled.

* * * * *

Mexico was a city, in my time, of not above 1,500 households of Spaniards inhabiting there; but of Indian people in the suburbs of the said city, there dwelt about 300,000 as it was thought, and many more. This city of Mexico is sixty-five leagues from the North Sea [_the Gulf of Mexico_] and seventy-five leagues from the South Sea [_the Pacific Ocean_]; so that it standeth in the midst of the main land, betwixt the one sea and the other.

It is situated in the midst of a lake of standing water, and surrounded round about with the same; save, in many places, going out of the city, are many broad ways through the said lake or water. This lake and city are surrounded also with great mountains round about, which are in compass above thirty leagues; and the said city and lake of standing water doth stand in a great plain in the midst of it. This lake of standing water doth proceed from the shedding of the rain, that falleth upon the said mountains; and so gathers itself together in this place.

All the whole proportion of this city doth stand in a very plain ground; and in the midst of the said city is a square Place, of a good bow shot over from side to side. In the midst of the said Place is a high Church, very fair and well built all through, but at that time not half finished.

Round about the said Place, are many fair houses built. On the one side are the houses where MONTEZUMA, the great King of Mexico that was, dwelt; and now there lie always the Viceroys that the King of Spain sendeth thither every three years: and in my time there was for Viceroy a gentleman of Castille, called DON LUIS DE VELASCO.

And on the other side of the said Place, over against the same, is the Bishop's house, very fairly built; and many other houses of goodly building. And hard by the same are also other very fair houses, built by the Marquis DE LA VALLE, otherwise called HERNANDO CORTES; who was he that first conquered the said city and country. After the said conquest (which he made with great labour and travail of his person, and danger of his life), being grown great in the country; the King of Spain sent for him, saying that he had some particular matters to impart to him: and, when he came home, he could not be suffered to return back again, as the King before had promised him. With the sorrow for which, he died: and this he had for the reward of his good service.

The said city of Mexico hath streets made very broad and right [_straight_] that a man being in the highway at one end of the street, may see at the least a good mile forward: and in all the one part of the streets of the north part of their city, there runneth a pretty lake of very clear water, that every man may put into his house as much as he will, without the cost of anything but of the letting in.

Also there is a great ditch of water that cometh through the city, even into the high Place; where come, every morning, at break of the day, twenty or thirty canoes or troughs of the Indians; which bring in them all manner of provisions for the city that is made and groweth in the country: which is a very good commodity for the inhabitants of that place. And as for victuals in the said city, beef, mutton, hens, capons, quails, guinea cocks, and such like, are all very good cheap; as the whole quarter of an ox, as much as a slave can carry away from the butcher's, for five tomynes, that is, five rials of plate [_i.e., of silver. See Vol. III. p._ 184], which is just 2s. 6d. [= £1 5_s._ 0_d. now_]; and fat sheep at the butcher's, for three rials, which is 1s. 6d. [= 12_s._ 6_d. now_], and no more. Bread is as good cheap as in Spain; and all other kinds of fruits, as apples, pears, pomegranates, and quinces, at a reasonable rate.

The city goeth wonderfully forward in building of Friaries and Nunneries, and Chapels; and is like, in time to come, to be the most populous city in the world, as it may be supposed.

The weather is there always very temperate. The day differeth but one hour of length all the year long. The fields and woods are always green. The woods are full of popinjays, and many other kind of birds, that make such a harmony of singing and crying, that any man will rejoice to hear it. In the fields are such odoriferous smells of flowers and herbs, that it giveth great content to the senses.

In my time, were dwelling and alive in Mexico, many ancient men that were of the Conquerors, at the first conquest with HERNANDO CORTES: for, then, it was about thirty-six years ago, that the said country was conquered.

* * * * *

Being something strong, I procured to seek means to live, and to seek a way how to profit myself in the country seeing it had pleased GOD to send us thither in safety.

Then, by the friendship of one THOMAS BLAKE, a Scottish-man born, who had dwelt, and had been married in the said city above twenty years before I came to the said city [_i.e., before 1536_], I was preferred to the service of a gentleman, a Spaniard dwelling there, a man of great wealth, and of one of the first conquerors of the said city, whose name was GONZALO SEREZO: with whom I dwelt twelve months and a half [_i.e., up to November 1557_]; at the end of which, I was maliciously accused by the Holy House for matters of religion.

And because it shall be known wherefore it was, that I was so punished by the clergy's hand; I will in brief words, declare the same.

It is so, that, being in Mexico, at table, among many principal people at dinner, they began to inquire of me, being an Englishman, "Whether it were true that in England, they had overthrown all their Churches and Houses of Religion; and that all the images of the saints of heaven that were in them, were thrown down and broken, and burned, and [that they] in some places stoned highways with them; and [that they] denied their obedience to the Pope of Rome: as they had been certified out of Spain by their friends?"