Chapter VI: , 158 et seq

Manannan mac Lir, lord of Irish Hades, 263, 295
Manawyddan, British deity, 263, 295
Mandan Sioux Indians, creation myth of, 182
Mani, Polynesian god, myth of, 142
Mannhardt, his defection from the philological school, 53; his
method, 54; Frazer's method founded on that of, 75; on vegetation
spirits, 79
Maoris, their myth of original man, 148
Marett, Dr R. R., on myth as non-explanatory, 15 _n_.; on
pre-animistic beliefs, 23 _et seq._; his _Threshold of
Religion_, 88; on the 'religious' in animism and mythology, 88;
on etiological myths, 89
Marine deities, 125
Maya, belief in destruction by fire among, 139; culture myth of, 150;
fire myth of, 152
Mars, as agricultural god, 124
May-time ceremonies in Scotland, 248 _et seq._
Medico-religious practice, 300
Medieval mythology, 43
Melanesians, their myth of origin of man, 148; culture myth of, 150
Mercury, Roman deity, 32, 237, 294
Merodach, Babylonian god, 167, 283, 288-289; as sun-god, 120;
defeats Tiawath, 166; described, 286-287
Metaphysics, savage, 21
Meteorological school of mythology, 51
Meulen, god of Araucanian Indians of Chile, 310, 312
Mexicans, myths of birth of gods of, 144; creation myth of, 147;
myth of the origin of heroes of, 149; culture myth of, 150; flood
myth of, 153; place of punishment of, 154; star myth of, 156.
_See also_ Aztecs
Mexican myth, flint-gods in, 26 _et seq._; of Uitzilopochtli, 32;
creation myths, 171-172; Heaven, 210-211; Hades, 211; sources
of, 263-270; mythology described, 296 _et seq._
Mexico, Payne on mythology of, 84; Mother-goddess in, 98;
blood-sacrifice in, 113
Michabo, Algonquin Indian creative god, 139, 177
Mictecaciuatl, wife of Mictlantecutli, 211
Mictlantecutli, lord of the Mexican Hades, 196, 211, 218 Milky Way,
in South American myth, 141; as Slavonic path to Heaven, 209; as
American Indian route to Paradise, 211-212
Milton, mythology of, 44
Minerva, 278; Ben Jonson mentions, 280; described, 284
Minos, 206
Mithra, Persian deity, 289
Mitra, Hindu deity, 289
Mixcoatl, Mexican god, 124
Mjolnir, hammer of Thor, 294
_Modern Mythology_, Lang's, 66, 71
Mohammed confused with gods, 43
Mohammedans, soul myth of, 152
Monan, deity of Tupi-Guarani Indians, attempts destruction of
world, 139, 183
Monotheism, causes of, 30
Moon-gods, 126-127; their qualities, 127; connexion with water, 127;
goddess, her connexion with fertility, 127; with love, 127;
myths classified, 155-156
Morrigan, Irish war-goddess, 296
Mother-goddess in Mexico, 98
Mound-building in America, 305-306
Moxos Indians, star myth of, 140
Müller, K. O., his view of mythic science, 46
Müller, Professor Max, definition of religion, 14; on character of
early thought, 21 _et seq._; his interpretation of myth, 47
_et seq._; 50-51; applied methods of comparative philology
to myth, 48; described myth as 'a disease of language,' 48; his
critics, 4950; opposed by anthropological school, 52; his theory
of effect of gender-terminations upon beliefs regarding natural
phenomena, 52; Mannhardt on his theory, 53
Mummification, theory of soul developed from, 79
Mummu, Babylonian monster, 34-35, 166
Mundruku Indians, creation myth of, 183
Murri tribe, fire-stealing myth of, 149
Muskhogean Indians, traditions of, 305
Muyscas Indians, flood myth of, 153; moon myth of, 156
Mysteries, Greek, 19
Myth, definitions of, 11, 12 _et seq._, 87; regarded by some as
religious in character, 13, 20, 63, 88; its inter-relation with
comparative religion, 14 _et seq_.; elements of, 15 _n._;
its relations with history, 15 _n.,_ 34, 42, 58, 90-91, 92;
savage and irrational element in, 15, 16, 18 _et seq_.,
45, 65, 67, 69-90; editing of, 16, 18, 33-35; and early science, 20;
invention of, 21; development of, 30-31, 58; and spirit of sanctity,
32-33; fusion in, 33; purgation of, 33; explanation of, lost, 34;
antiquity of, 33-34; causes of its change, 33-34; classification
of, 35 _et seq._; distribution of, 35-36; theory of origin of,
in one centre, 36; fixity of, 38, 55-56; authenticity of, 39;
Christian fathers on, 43; 'psychic' explanation of, 43; scientific
treatment of, 46; its comprehension through language, 48, _and
see_ Müller; as natural phenomena, 43; 'pragmatical' explanation
of, 43; Müller's interpretation of, 50; personalism in, 56; among
races of low culture, 56; and natural phenomena, 57; names in, 57-58;
its regularity of development, 58; regarded by some as non-religious
in character, 61, 68, 87, 92; and ritual, 61, 64, 89, 238; as
primitive philosophy, 62; interpreted by allegory, renders ancient
forms significant, 62; non-ethical nature of, 64; difference between,
and religion, 68; early, not essentially absurd or blasphemous, 69;
difference between dogma and, one of degree only, 69; arguments
against Lang's conception of, 69; Lang's three stages of, 70;
interpretations of, in accordance with contemporary ideas, 70;
complexity of, 70; comparison of savage with 'civilized,' 71;
stratification theory of, 81-82; survival of, due to grouping, 86;
secondary, 90, 238; in early, animals take place of gods, 109; solar,
its groundwork, 120; various classes of, 138; and folklore, connexion
between, 234; written sources of, 245 _et seq._; in English
poetry, 275-281
_Myth, Ritual, and Religion_, Lang's, 66, 67, 83
Mythic law, nature of, 30-31; resolution of materials of, into
their original elements, 47; recapitulation of progress of science
of, 100-101
'Mythological habit' (interpretation of myth by one method), denounced
by Mannhardt, 53
_Mythologie et les fables expliquées par l'histoire, La_, Abbé
Banier's, 45
Mythology, function of, 11; and folklore contrasted, 12 _et seq._;
definition of, 12 _et seq._; chronological sketch of, 40 _et
seq._; in the eighteenth century, 45; symbolic method applied
to, 46; comparative, 47; comparative philology and, 47 _et seq._;
philological school of, 47-51; described by Müller as 'a disease
of language,' 48; anthropological school of, 51; meteorological
school of, 51; Spencer's system of, 59-60; takes the place of
dogma in early religion, 61; exactitude essential to study of, 65;
'Covent Garden' school of, 75; theory of non-religious nature of, 88;
growth of moral and ethical characteristics in, 114-115
_Mythology and Folklore_, Cox's, 223
_Mythology of the Aryan Nations,_ Cox's, 50
Myths, what they explain, 15; ætiological or explanatory, 21, 58, 89;
animistic, 31; bird, 31-32; creation, 34-35; connexion between
Old and New World, 36; deluge or flood, 56; resemblance between, not
necessarily borrowed, 37; borrowing of, 37, 189-192; characteristics
of primitive, 37-38; sophisticated, 37-38; method of gauging antiquity
of, 38; process of interaction of, 38; thunder and lightning, 51;
nature poetry in, 53-54; _solar_, 36; Lang on, 54; Tylor's
general thesis regarding, 55; secondary, 62, 90, 238; diffusion of
identical, 70; distribution of plots of, 70; dissemination of, 70, 97;
details of, represented in ceremonies, 87; comparative tables
of, 144-157

N

NAGAS, Hindu mythical beings, 256
Naman, Irish war-goddess, 296
Namaquas, death myth of, 151
Names, in myth, 57-58; Spencer's theory of, 60; Lang on philological
analysis of, 71
Narcissus, 45
Natural phenomena in myth, 43, 57
Navaho Indians, creation myth of, 147; fire-stealing myth of, 149;
after-life of, 213
Neevougi, sacred stone of Inniskea, 27
Neith, Egyptian goddess, 127
Nemi, priest of, 76
Neptune, 126
Nergal, Babylonian god of Netherworld, 254, 288
Nét, Celtic war-god, 295
Newhaven, myth of Brounger current in, 26
_New System, or an Analysis of Ancient Mythology_, Bryant's, 46
New Zealanders, fire-stealing myth of, 149; myth of death among, 151
Nibelungs, the, 262
Niflheim, 170, 197
_Nihongi_, Japanese mythic book, 168, 260
Ningphos (Bengal), taboo myth of, 150; death myth of, 151
Nirig, Assyrian war-god, 287
Nokomis, Algonquin Indian Earth-Mother, 134
Normandy peasantry, fire-stealing myth of, 149
Nuada of the Silver Hand, Irish deity, 295
Nusku, Babylonian god, 288
Nut, Egyptian sky-goddess, 165
Nya, ruler of Slavonic Underworld,

O

OAK, 'animistic repository of thunder,' 94
Odin, Norse god, 45; as thunder-bird, 123; as wind-god, 132;
in creation myth, 170; as Wild Huntsman, 197; sacrifices his
eye for draught of water, 226; leads Æsir migration, 260;
in the Eddas, 261; described, 292
_Odyssey_, the, 257-259
Ogma, Irish deity, 295
Oki, Powhatan deity, 305
Okulam, Chinook myth, 302
Old Harry, spirit, 45
Ops, Latin goddess of fertility or wealth, 134
Oregon Indians, creation myth of,
Orestes, his myth etiological, 79
Orinoco tribe, culture myth of, 150
Orion, different conceptions of, 140; constellations of, in South
American myth, 141-142; Bakairi idea of, 182
Orithyia, 95
Ormuzd (Ahura Mazda), Persian creative deity, 169
_Orpheus_, Reinach's, 85
_Osiride et Iside_, Plutarch's, 246
Osiris, 135, 218, 220, 246, 285; myth of, built up, 39;
as corn-spirit, 113-114, 129-130; his development, 113-114;
and dismemberment myth, 143; as Creator, 164
Otherworld, Celtic, 209-210

P

PACARI TAMPU, Peruvian myth of, 16
Pachacamac, Peruvian thunder-god, 16, 173-174
Pallas Athene, 20; according to Pragmatic, Psychic, and Stoic
schools, 43; referred to by Milton, 278; Brigit compared with, 296
Pampas Indians, belief in after-life, 212
Pan, myth of, 132
P'an Ku, Chinese creative deity, 167
Pantheons, causes which modified, 30
Papagos Indians, creation myth of, 147
Paradise, 195 _et seq._
Paraguayans, culture myth of, 150
Passes of Brazil, belief about earth of, 134
Patagonians, belief in after-life, 212
Pawnee Indians, dismemberment myth of, 146; creation myth of, 147;
myth to account for customs or rites of, 157
Payne, E. J., his _History of the New World called America_, 84
Pehuenche Indians of South America, 314; whale-goddess of, 314
Pentecost Islanders, dualistic myth of, 146; death myth of, 151
Pentheus, legend of, 243
"Period of the Gods," a cycle of Japanese myths, 260
Peroun, Slavonic god, 28
Persephone, 114; myth of, 129-130, 206, 288, 304
Persians, dualistic myth of, 145; creation myth of, 146; flood
myth of, 153; place of reward of, 153
Personality, theory of--_see_ Animism
Peruda, Tupi god of generation, 184
Peruvian Indians, their name for Earth-Mother, 134; belief in
destruction by fire among, 139; myth of birth of gods among, 144;
creation myth of, 147; their myth of origin of man, 148; their
myth of origin of heroes, 149; culture myth of, 150; fire myth
of, 152; flood myth of, 153; place of punishment of, 154; moon
myth of, 156; star myth of, 156
Peruvian myth, 16, 84; sun-god in, 119; Mama-cocha ('Mother Sea')
in, 125, 314; Copacahuana (idol) in, 125; creation myth, 173-174;
Paradise and Hell in, 212
Pherecydes of Leros, his adjustment of myth to popular belief, 42
Pherecydes of Syros, his treatise on myth, 41-42
Philological school, the, 47-51; its sub-schools, 50; method of,
criticized by Lang, 71
Picumnus, 134
Picus, Latin deity, 32, 117
Pillan, Araucanian deity, 308-309, 312
Pilumnus, Latin rural deity, 134
Pirrhua Manca, Peruvian sun-god, 16
Place of punishment, 195 _et seq._; myths of, classified, 154
Place of reward, 195 _et seq._; myths of, classified, 153-154
Plant cults, 93
Pleiades, different conceptions of, 140, 141, 142, 156; Bakairi idea
of, 182; Tupi-Guarani idea of, 184
Plutarch, on Egyptian animal deities, 15; his pragmatical explanation
of myth, 43; his writings on Egyptian myth, 246
Pluto, ruler of Greek Hades, 45, 206, 218
Podarge, white-footed wind, 133
Poetry, English, myth in, 275-281
Polynesians, dismemberment myth of, 146; myth of origin of man of, 148;
death myth of, 151 olyonymy, factor in formation of myth, 48
Polytheism, definition of, 29; strange gods readily adopted in a
state of, 34
Pomona, Latin goddess of fruit-trees, 135
_Popol Vuh_, Kiche mythic book, 172, 187, 190; not influenced
by Biblical ideas, 188-189; material of, 264; creation story
in, 264-265; importance of, 269; English translation of, in
_The Word_ by Guthrie, 270
Porphyry on myth, 43
Poseidon, Greek sea-god, 41, 126; as brother of Pluto, 206
'Powers,' Marett's definition of, 24
Prajapati, Indian creative deity, 160-161
_Prehistoric Man_, Wilson's, 306 _n._
Priests, Araucanian, 312
_Primitive Culture_, Tylor's, 55-58
_Primitive Marriage_, McLennan's, 59
Prince, Professor, 271
_Principles of Sociology_, Spencer's, 59
Prithivi, Hindu Earth-Mother, 289
Procris, as dew, 50
Prodicus, his interpretation of myth, 42
_Prolegomena zit einer wissenschäftlicher
Mythologie_, Müller's, 46
Prometheus, bird-form of, 123; as fire-stealer, 140; compared with
Loki, 293
_Prometheus Unbound_, Shelley's poem, 276
Proserpine and golden bough, 78, 80, 81
Proteus, Gwydion compared with, 296
Ptah, Egyptian creative god, 115, 165, 285
Pueblo Indians, belief in destruction by fire, 139
Punchau Inca, Inca sun-god, 309
Purusha, Indian deity, 159-160
Pyrrha, 178

Q

QUEENSFERRY (Scotland), ceremony of Burry Man at, 135-137
Quetzalcoatl, as agricultural god, 129; in creation myth, 171; as
Mexican wind-god, 264-299
Qui-oki, Nottoway god, 305

R

RA, Egyptian solar deity, 114, 115; as creator in form of Khepera, 163;
chief of Egyptian heaven, 199; described, 285
Ragnorök, Norse day of doom, 261
Raini, Mundruku creator, 183
_Ramayana_, the, Hindu epic, 256 _et seq._
Rama, 256
Reinach, Salomon, his works, 84-85, 109
Religion, definitions of, 14; pre-animistic, 23; sacred and frivolous
in, 67; difference between myth and, 68; primitive, two great types
of, 82
_Religion of the Semites_, Robertson Smith's, 61, 83
Religious sentiment, survival of, 70
_Researches into the Early History of Mankind_, Tylor's, 55
_Revue de l'histoire des religions,_ Tiele's, 65
_Rex Nemorensis_ (King of the Wood), 79
Rhadamanthus, one of the tribunal of the Greek Underworld, 206;
ruler of Elysian Fields, 207
Rhea, wife of Cronus, 18, 134, 276, 277
"Rígsmál," Norse mythic book, 262
_Rig-Veda_, Indian sacred book, creation myth in, 159-160
Rites, myths of, classified, 157
Ritual, and myth, 89, 238 _et seq.;_ movements, 239;
in folk-belief, 239-240
River Chaco Indians of South America, creation myth of, 183
Romans, their myth of origin of heroes, 149; soul myth of, 152;
fire myth of, 152; place of reward of, 153; moon myth of, 156
Round Table, King Arthur's, as the sun, 122
Rudra, Hindu deity, 132, 291; swallows universe, 163
Rumanians, dismemberment myth of, 146
Russians, dismemberment myth of, 146
Rustem, as sun-hero, 122

S

SABITU, Assyrian sea-goddess, 252, 254
Sacred, idea of the, 33; sacred stones, 27
Sahagun, Father Bernardino, Spanish historian of Mexico, 263-264
Samoyede fetishes, 104-105
_Satapatha Brahmana_, Hindu sacred book, creation myth
in, 160 _et seq._
Saturn, Milton on, 277; Keats on, 276-277
Savage and civilized myths compared, 71-72
Savage and irrational element in myth, 15, 16, 45, 51; Tiele
on, 65; Lang on, 67
Scandinavian creation myth, 170, 193-194
Schelling, Friedrich, on myth and national development, 46
Science, early, and myth, 20 _et seq._
_Science of Fairy Tales_, Hartland's, 92
_Science of Language_, Sayce's, 223
Scotland, Faust legend variant in, 228-233; fisher beliefs of, 234;
boat-language of fishers of, 235; taboo of animal names in, 235;
May-time ceremonies in, 240 _et seq._
Sea-gods, 125
Secondary myth, 90; frequently arises out of ritual, 238
Serpent, horned, in American myth, 307
Servius, his allegorical interpretation of the golden bough, 78
_Shaddai_, or _Shedi_ ('my demon'), early form of Yahweh, 74
Shamans, of Chinooks, 303-304
Shamash, Babylonian god, 250, 288
Sheol, Hebrew Hades, 203-204
Shesu-Heru, 198
Shintoism in the _Kojiki_ and _Nihongi,_ 260
_Shropshire Folklore_, Burne's, 226
Shu, Egyptian god, 165; birth of, 163
_Sidhe_ (fairy folk) in Irish myth, 295
Siegfried, 122
Sif, Norse goddess, wife of Thor, 294
Sigfusson, Sæmund, Norse historian, 261
Sigu, deity of Arawak Indians,
Sigurd, as sun-hero, 122
Sin, Scandinavian deity, 123
Sin, Babylonian moon-god, 288
_Sir John Rowll's Cursing_, mythological allusions in, 44-45
Sita, Hindu goddess, 256
Siva, Hindu deity, 291
Skasa-it (Robin) in myths of Chinook Indians, 302
Skrymir, Norse giant, 45
Sky, Egyptian ideas regarding, 165
Sky-god, and Lang's 'All-Father' deities, 74 _n_.; European, 89;
Sky-Father, 133
Slavonic place of the dead, 207-209
Smith, Professor G. Elliot, theories of, 36-37. 95-100
Smith, William Robertson, his theories regarding myth, 61-64;
on the non-religious character of myth, 61
Snorri Sturlason, Norse mythologist, 260
Socrates, on the analysis of divine names, 42
Solar myth, 36; Lang on, 54; its groundwork, 120-122
'Solar' theory, its mythological merits, 120
Solomon Islanders, death myth of, 151
Soma, 256, 291
"Song of Thrym, The," Norse mythic book, 262
Soul, early beliefs about, 22 _et seq.;_ conception of, 59;
conception of, not essential to idea of god, 72; myths of,
classified, 151-152; search for, among the Chinooks, 303-304;
belief regarding, among Araucanian Indians, 313
South America, star myths of, 140-142; creation myths of, 177-179
Southern Cross (constellation), in South American myth, 141;
different conceptions of, 184
Southern Indians, death myth of, 151
Spencer, Herbert, his definition of religion, 14; his system of
mythology, 59; refutation of his theories by Lang, 60
Spirit, Tylor on, 59, 102; idea of, 102-104; distinction between,
and god, 128; idea of, connected with wind or breath, 298
Staden, Hans, on Tupi-Guarani beliefs, 183
Star myths, 140-142; classified, 156
Stars, personification of, 202
Stratification of myth, theory of, 81-82
_Studies in Ancient History_, McLennan's, 59
Subterranean passage, legend of, 227-228
Sun-gods, 118-122; in Peru, 119; later phases of, 119; in Egyptian
mythology, 119-120; animistic and anthropomorphic ideas of, 120;
myths classified, 155; worship in Mexico, 299-300; in America, 305
Supernaturalism, Marett's definition of, 24
Surya, Hindu deity, 289
Susa-no-o, Japanese deity, 260
Sym Skynar, 45
_Symbolik und Mythologie_, Creuzer's, 46
Synonymy, factor in formation of myth, 48

T

TABOO, myths of, 143; myths of, classified, 150; of animal names
in Scotland, 235
Tacullies, creation myth of, 147
_Taittiriya Brahmana_, Hindu sacred book, creation myth in, 160-161
Tales, children and 'mis-telling' of, 38
Taliesin, ancient British bard, 296
Talmud, the, 204
Tamandare, Tupi-Guarani hero, 183
Tammuz, Babylonian deity, 251, 288
Tangoroa, in Polynesian dismemberment myth, 143
Tapio, forest-god of Finns, 76
Tartarus, region in the Greek Hades, 206
Tawiscara, (Dark One), Huron evil deity, 27, 37, 191
Taylor, Thomas, his translation of Pausanias, 46
Tefnut, Egyptian goddess, 163; birth of, 164
Tempuleague, whale-goddess of the Pehuenche Indians, 314
Tepeyollotl, Mexican god, 134
Termagent or Tyr, Scandinavian deity, 43
Test of recurrence in myth, 32, 47, 91; definition of, 39; Lang on, 71
Tethra, lord of Celtic Underworld, 295
Teutates, 294
Teutonic mythology described, 292 _et seq._
Teutons, dualistic myth of, 145; creation myth of, 147; culture myth
of, 150; taboo myth of, 150; fire myth of, 152; flood myth of, 153;
place of reward of, 153; place of punishment of, 154; creation
stories among, 170; realm of woe of, 196; Valhalla of, 197; mythic
writings of, 260-262
Texts, comparative lateness of most traditional, 91
Tezcatlipoca, Mexican deity, 74, 115, 133, 171, 264; as Lord of Night
Wind, 132, 297-298
Theagenes of Rhegium, 15; his criticism of myth, 41
Theobiography, or life-history of gods, 63
Thetis supplies Apollo with divine food, 121
Thlinkeet Indians, thunder-god of, 123; myth of birth of god of, 144;
beast myth of, 145; dualistic myth of, 146; fire-stealing myth
of, 149
Thoms, W. J., his definition of folklore, 223
Thor, Norse deity, 123, 124, 262, 293-294
Thoth, Egyptian deity, 115, 127, 285; commands creation, 165
_Threshold of Religion_, Marett's, 23, 88
Thunder and lightning, myths of, 51
Thunder-gods, 122-124; Andean ideas of, 122; as birds, 123-124;
their lightning spears, 123; connected with flint, 124;
with rain, 124
Thunderer, supernatural being of Chinook Indians, 301
Tiawath, Babylonian monster, 34-35, 166, 167, 283, 287
Tiele, Cornelius Petrus, his position, 65; on barbarous survivals, 65;
on the anthropological school, 65-66
Tien or Shang-ti, Chinese creative deity, 167
Time, reckoning of, anciently regarded as a science, 126-127
Tinneh or Déné Indians (Hare-skins), beast myths of, 145; creation
myth of, 147; soul myth of, 152; flood myth of, 153
Titans, Keats on, 277
Tlaloc, Mexican water-god, 171, 299, 309; as ruler of terrestrial
Paradise, 196, 210
Tlazolteotl, Mexican goddess, 115
Tobacco, ceremonial use of, among American tribes, 312
Toci, Mexican Earth-Mother, 299
Todas Indians, myth to account for custom or rites of, 157
Tohil, deity of Kiche Indians, 26, 268
Tollan, ancient Mexican city, 264
Toltecs, culture myth of, 150
Tonacaciuatl, Aztec creative goddess, 211
Tonacatecutli, Aztec creative deity, 211
Tonga Islanders, place of reward of, 154
Tootah, thunder-bird of Vancouver Islanders, 123
Torquemada, writer on Mexican myth, 264
Toru-guenket, Tupi moon and principle of evil, 184
Toru-shom-pek, Tupi sun and principle of good, 184
Totemism, definitions of, 28-29; German ignorance of, 85
Totems, British, 28; examples of, in myth, 28; allusion to, in
antiquity, 29; Lafitau's interpretation of, 29; Jevons on, 86;
development of, into gods, 108-110; animal attributes of, 109;
distribution of, among tribal gods, 109; manner of determining, 109;
causes which tend to humanize, 110; various methods of fusion of,
with the god, 110
Tradition, definition of, 11; use of the term, 13 _n_.; comparative
lateness of written, 91; unequal method of recording, 91;
interpretation of its testimony, 91; evidence of age in, 91;
metamorphoses of, 91
Transition from hunting to agricultural religion, 117
_Tree of Life_, Crawley's, 14
Tree-spirit, in cult of Arician grove, 76; represented by
living person, 76
Triduana, St, legend of, 224-227
Trophonius, 121, 206
Tsuki-yumi, Japanese moon-god, 168
Tuatha de Danann (Children of Danu), Celtic deities, 220, 263, 294, 295
_et seq._
Tuonela, Finnish place of dead, 304
Tupi-Guarani Indians, star myth of, 141; dualistic myth of, 146; fire
myth of, 152; flood myth of, 153; creation myth of, 183-186
Tutivillus, a fiend, 44
Two Brothers, Egyptian story of, 247-248
Tylor, Sir E. B., definition of religion, 14; his general thesis, 55-56;
on language and formation of myth, 56-57; his animistic theory, 58-59
Tyr, Norse deity equated with Jupiter and Zeus, 48
Tzentals, creation myth of, 147
Tzitzimime, Aztec demons, 211

U

UAPÈS of Brazil, birth of gods myth of, 144, 191-192
Uitzilopochtli, Mexican deity, 32, 264, 298-299; evolved from
humming-bird, 32 _n_., 110; evolved from bird totem, 117;
as lightning, 123; serpent symbols of, 124; sacrifices to, 198
_Ulmenes_, lesser spirits of Araucanian Indians, 311
Underworld, myths of, classified, 154-155; man originates in, in
American myth, 181-182
Undry, cauldron of Dagda, a Celtic deity, 295
Unseen, fear of, 103
Upsala Codex, the, of Younger Edda, 261
Uranus, first monarch of Olympus, 18, 53, 283
Ut-Napishtim, myth of, 252-253

V

"VAFPRÚTHNISMÅL," the, Norse mythic book, 261
Valhalla, Norse Heaven, 197-198
Varuna, Hindu god, 53, 130, 256, 289
Vasus, 256
Vayu, Hindu deity, 256, 289
Vedas, Hindu sacred books, 255-256; savagery in, 20
Veddah of Ceylon, fetishism among,106
Vedde-Yakko, Cingalese fetish of chase, 106
Vedic Hindus, wind-god of, 132; myth of birth of gods of, 144;
fire-stealing myth of, 149; myth of place of reward of, 153
Vegetation spirits, 79; rites, 135-137
Venus, 237; as wife of Vulcan, 279; allusions to, in poetry of
Swinburne, Lord de Tabley, and Ben Jonson, 280-281; associated
with Ishtar, 288
Vidhatri, Hindu god, 256
Vine, sacred, 94-95
Viracocha, Peruvian water-god, 16
Virgil on the golden bough, 77-78
Vishnu, Hindu deity, 256, 257, 290, 291
_Vishnu Purana_, Hindu sacred book, creation myth in, 161-163
Vivasvat, 256
Volsungs, Teutonic mythical family, 262
"Völuspá," the, Norse mythical book, 261
Vukub-Cakix, 'the great Macaw' in Kiche myth, 172, 265 _et seq._
Vulcan or Hephæstus, as god of fire, 131; referred to by Milton and
Ben Jonson, 297

W

WAÏNAMOÏNEN, Finnish deity, 304
_Wallum-Olum_, mythic book of Lenapé Indians, 245
_Wampum Record_, Algonquin book translated by Prince, 271
Water, its connexion with moon, 127
Wells, holy, 226
Welsh Celts, mythic book of, 262-263
West, as place of the dead, 219 and 313
Westcar Papyrus, 246-247
_Western Isles_, Martin's, 27
Wind connected with spirit or life 298; gods of, 132-133
Wiradthuri tribes, 157
Wizard, 'scoring' a, 28
Women's rites, 243-244
World, creation of, _see_ Chapter VI, 158 _et seq._
Wurm manuscript, of Younger Edda, 261

X

XBALANQUE, hero-god of Kiche Indians, 265 _et seq._
Xenophanes of Colophon, his criticism of myth, 40-41
Xibalba, Hades of Kiches of Guatemala, 212-213, 266 _et seq._;
ruled by secret society, 212-213
Xilonen, Mexican maize-goddess, 299
Ximenez, translator of _Popol Vuh_ into Spanish, 187, 270
Xiuhtecutli, Mexican fire-god, 131, 171
Xmucane, 172
Xolotl, Mexican god, 172
Xpiyacoc, Kiche primeval deity, 172

Y

YAHWEH, god of Hebrews, early form of, 74, 201-202
Yama, 256
Yesumaro, transcriber of Japanese myth, 259
Yetl, thunder-bird (Athapascan), 123, 179
Yibil, Babylonian fire-god, 131
Ymir, Norse earth-giant, 170
_Ynglinga Saga_, the, Norse mythic book, 261
Yorkshire, soul myth in, 152
Yuba Paik, deity of Choctaw Indians, 304
Yurakare Indians, star myth of, 141

Z

ZEALAND, creation of island of, 260
Zephyrs, as west wind, 133
Zeus, Greek deity, birth of, 18; as principle of life, 41;
equation of, with Jupiter and Tyr, 48; philological
school and his name, 48, 53, 289; as woodpecker, 94;
oak the dwelling-place of, 94; father of Apollo, as the
sky, 121, 305; father of Hephæstus, 130; casts him from
Olympus, 131; transforms the Pleiades into doves, 142;
brother of Pluto, 206; as portrayed by Homer, 258;
described, 283
Zipacna, earth-giant in Kiche myth, 265 _et seq._
Zootheism, 300,
Zulus, creation myth of, 147; myth of origin of man of, 148;
culture myth of, 150
Zuñi Indiana, dismemberment myth of, 146; creation myths
of, 147, 183; myth of origin of man of, 148

End of Project Gutenberg's An Introduction to Mythology, by Lewis Spence