Chapter I: Front Matter

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ANCIENT LANDSCAPES OF THE GRAND CANYON REGION

The Geology of Grand Canyon, Zion, Bryce, Petrified Forest & Painted Desert

by

EDWIN D. McKEE, Asst. Director Museum of Northern Arizona

Sketches and Charts by Louis Schellbach 3rd Park Naturalist, Grand Canyon National Park, and Russell Hastings

Published by Edwin D. McKee 1931

Copyright 1931 Edwin D. McKee Thirteenth Edition, 1952

Printed by Coconino Sun Co. Flagstaff, Arizona

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE
Introduction ix
Chapter I—The Archean Era 1
The Earth’s Oldest Rocks, Grand Canyon 2
Granite in Grand Canyon 4
Chapter II—The Algonkian Era 5
Algonkian Rocks in Grand Canyon 5
Formation of Mountains 6
Early Climates 6
Oldest Known Life 7
Chapter III—The Paleozoic Era 9
First Animal Life—The Tonto Rocks 9
The Missing Periods of the Third Era 11
The Age of Fish 12
Sea Life From the North—Redwall Limestone 12
Tracks in the Supai Sandstone 14
Landscapes of the Hermit Shale 15
Wind-blown Sand—The Coconino Sandstone 17
Warm Seas from the West—The Toroweap and Kaibab Formations 18
Chapter IV—The Mesozoic Era 21
Remnants of Younger Strata—Red Butte and Cedar Mountain 21
The Petrified Forest 22
Dinosaur Tracks—The Painted Desert 24
The Rocks of Zion Canyon and Rainbow Natural Bridge 26
From Seashells to Coalbeds 27