Chapter I: Front Matter

Transcriber’s Note
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ARCTIC EXPLORATION

ARCTIC
EXPLORATION

BY

J. DOUGLAS HOARE

WITH EIGHTEEN ILLUSTRATIONS AND FOUR MAPS

NEW YORK
E. P. DUTTON & CO.
1906

CONTENTS

CHAP. PAGE

I. EARLY VOYAGES 1

II. FROM HUDSON TO PHIPPS AND NELSON 17

III. THE VOYAGE OF BUCHAN AND FRANKLIN 30

IV. ROSS’S FAILURES AND PARRY’S SUCCESSES 35

V. FRANKLIN’S FIRST OVERLAND JOURNEY 45

VI. PARRY’S LAST NORTH-WEST VOYAGES 64

VII. FRANKLIN’S SECOND LAND JOURNEY 70

VIII. PARRY’S NORTH-POLAR VOYAGE 79

IX. ROSS’S ADVENTURES IN THE “VICTORY” 86

X. BACK’S TWO JOURNEYS 95

XI. THE DISCOVERIES OF DEASE AND SIMPSON 102

XII. FRANKLIN’S LAST VOYAGE 116

XIII. RAE AND THE BOOTHIA PENINSULA 122

XIV. THE FRANKLIN SEARCH BEGUN 129

XV. THE VOYAGES OF COLLINSON AND M’CLURE 137

XVI. BELCHER AND THE FRANKLIN SEARCH 150

XVII. RAE’S JOURNEYS OF 1851-53 159

XVIII. M’CLINTOCK AND THE “FOX” 168

XIX. THE VOYAGES OF KANE AND HAYES 182

XX. HALL AND THE “POLARIS” 192

XXI. THE “GERMANIA” AND THE “HANSA” 200

XXII. THE VOYAGE OF THE “TEGETTHOFF” 207

XXIII. NARES AND SMITH SOUND 215

XXIV. THE GREELY TRAGEDY 223

XXV. NORDENSKIÖLD AND HIS WORK 235

XXVI. THE STORY OF THE “JEANNETTE” 244

XXVII. LEIGH SMITH AND THE “EIRA” 252

XXVIII. GREENLAND AND THE EARLIER JOURNEYS OF NANSEN AND PEARY 257

XXIX. THE JACKSON-HARMSWORTH EXPEDITION 270

XXX. NANSEN AND THE “FRAM” 278

XXXI. CONWAY AND ANDRÉE 287

XXXII. THE LATER VOYAGES OF SVERDRUP AND PEARY 293

XXXIII. OTHER RECENT EXPEDITIONS—ABRUZZI, WELLMANN, AND TOLL 301

INDEX 309

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE

SAILING THE ARCTIC SEAS _Frontispiece_
From an old print

AN OLD MAP OF THE POLAR REGIONS 1
From “Narborough’s Voyages,” 1694

STRANDED ON NOVA ZEMBLA 13
From an old print

THE “RACEHORSE” AND THE “CARCASE” IN THE ICE 28
From a picture by J. Clively

CUTTING A PASSAGE INTO WINTER HARBOUR 42
From a sketch by Lieut. Beechey

CROSSING THE BARREN GROUNDS 56
From a drawing by Capt. Back

THE WALRUS AS SEEN BY OLAUS MAGNUS 68

THE DISRUPTION OF THE ICE ROUND THE “TERROR” 100
From a drawing by Capt. Smyth

BOATS AMONG THE ICE 134
From a drawing by Capt. Back

FAST IN THE ICE 154
From a sketch by Lieut. Beechey

THE FRANKLIN RECORD 174

ESKIMO ARCHITECTS 192
From a drawing by Capt. Lyon

A BEAR HUNT 212
From an old print

ESKIMOS SLEDGING 248
From a drawing by Capt. Lyon

PEARY’S TRAVELLING EQUIPMENT 266
By kind permission of Messrs F. A. Stokes Co.

THE MEETING BETWEEN JACKSON AND NANSEN 274
By kind permission of Capt. Jackson and Messrs
Harper Bros.

MAP OF FRANZ JOSEF LAND 277

MAP OF SPITZBERGEN 286

IN THE SLUSH 288
By kind permission of Sir Martin Conway and Messrs
J. M. Dent & Co.

ANDRÉE’S BALLOON IN ITS SHED 292
From a photograph

THE “POLAR STAR” UNDER ICE PRESSURE 304
By kind permission of Messrs Hutchinson & Co.

CHART OF THE NORTH POLAR REGIONS _Attend_

ARCTIC EXPLORATION