Chapter I: Preface: To the Second Volume

This volume contains our account of all the Orders of Birds met with within the Argentine Republic except the Passeres, which were treated of in the First Volume. It also comprises an Appendix and Index, and completes the work. The Introduction is issued with this, but is intended to be bound up with the first volume, and is paged to follow the contents of that volume.

The total number of species which we have thus assigned to the Argentine Avifauna is 434. To this list, no doubt, considerable additions will have to be made when the more remote provinces of the Republic have been explored. We trust that this work may at least serve to excite residents in Argentina to make fresh investigations, for we are quite aware how imperfect is the compilation now offered to the public.

It will be seen that in the following pages, as in the first volume, we have availed ourselves liberally of the information on Argentine birds contained in the writings of Dr. Burmeister, Mr. Barrows, and Mr. Gibson. To all of these gentlemen we wish to offer our most sincere thanks, together with apologies for the liberty we have taken. We have likewise to express our high estimation of the valuable notes which we have extracted from the published writings of the late Henry Durnford and Ernest William White, both most promising Naturalists, and both alike lost to Science at an early age. Nor must we omit to record our thanks to Hans, Graf von Berlepsch, of Münden, Mr. Walter B. Barrows, and Mr. Frank Withington, and other friends and correspondents who have aided us by information and by the loan of specimens.

To the Zoological Society of London and to Mr. Henry Seebohm we are likewise much indebted for the loan of the woodcuts of which impressions are contained in these volumes.

P. L. S.
_February 1, 1889._

CONTENTS OF VOL. II.

Order II. MACROCHIRES.

Fam. XX. TROCHILIDÆ, or HUMMING-BIRDS.
Page

230. _Oreotrochilus leucopleurus_, Gould. (White-sided Humming-bird.) 1

231. _Chætocercus burmeisteri_, Scl. (Burmeister's Humming-bird.)
[Plate XI.] 2

232. _Sparganura sappho_ (Lesson). (Sappho Humming-bird.) 3

233. _Petasophora serrirostris_ (Vieill.). (Violet-eared
Humming-bird.) 3

234. _Patagona gigas_ (Vieill.). (Giant Humming-bird.) 4

235. _Calliperidia furcifera_ (Shaw). (Angela Humming-bird.) 5

236. _Leucippus chionogaster_ (Tsch.). (White-breasted Humming-bird.) 7

237. _Leucochloris albicollis_ (Vieill.). (White-throated
Humming-bird.) 7

238. _Chrysuronia ruficollis_ (Vieill.). (Golden-tailed Humming-bird.) 8

239. _Hylocharis sapphirina_ (Gm.). (Red-throated Humming-bird.) 8

240. _Chlorostilbon splendidus_ (Vieill.). (Glittering Humming-bird.) 9

Fam. XXI. CYPSELIDÆ, or SWIFTS.

241. _Hemiprocne zonaris_ (Shaw). (Ringed Spine-tailed Swift.) 11

Fam. XXII. CAPRIMULGIDÆ, or GOATSUCKERS.

242. _Podager nacunda_ (Vieill.). (Nacunda Goatsucker.) 12

243. _Chordeiles virginianus_ (Gm.). (Whip-poor-Will.) 13

244. _Antrostomus parvulus_ (Gould). (Little Goatsucker.) 14

245. _Stenopsis bifasciata_ (Gould). (Wing-banded Goatsucker.) 14

246. _Hydropsalis furcifera_ (Vieill.). (Fork-tailed Goatsucker.)
[Plate XII.] 15

247. _Heleothreptus anomalus_ (Gould). (Short-winged Goatsucker.) 16

Order III. PICI.

Fam. XXIII. PICIDÆ, or WOODPECKERS.

248. _Campephilus boiæi_ (Wagl.). (Boie's Woodpecker.) 17

249. _Campephilus schulzi_ (Cab.). (Schulz's Woodpecker.) 18

250. _Dryocopus erythrops_ (Val.). (Red-faced Woodpecker.) 18

251. _Picus mixtus_, Bodd. (Varied Woodpecker.) 19

252. _Picus cactorum_, d'Orb. et Lafr. (Cactus Woodpecker.) 19

253. _Chloronerpes affinis_ (Wagl.). (Allied Woodpecker.) 20

254. _Chloronerpes frontalis_, Cab. (Red-fronted Woodpecker.) 20

255. _Chloronerpes aurulentus_ (Licht.). (Gold-backed Woodpecker.) 21

256. _Chloronerpes tucumanus_, Cab. (Tucuman Woodpecker.) 21

257. _Chrysoptilus cristatus_ (Vieill.). (Red-crested Woodpecker.) 21

258. _Leuconerpes candidus_ (Otto). (White-bellied Woodpecker.) 23

259. _Colaptes longirostris_, Cab. (Long-billed Woodpecker.) 23

260. _Colaptes agricola_ (Malh.). (Pampas Woodpecker.) 24

Order IV. COCCYGES.

Fam. XXIV. ALCEDINIDÆ, or KINGFISHERS.

261. _Ceryle torquata_ (Linn.). (Ringed Kingfisher.) 26

262. _Ceryle amazona_ (Lath.). (Amazonian Kingfisher.) 27

263. _Ceryle americana_ (Gm.). (Little Kingfisher.) 27

Fam. XXV. TROGONIDÆ, or TROGONS.

264. _Trogon variegatus_, Spix. (Purple-breasted Trogon.) 29

265. _Trogon surucura_, Vieill. (Azara's Trogon.) 29

Fam. XXVI. BUCCONIDÆ, or PUFF-BIRDS.

266. _Bucco maculatus_ (Gm.). (Spotted Puff-bird.) 30

Fam. XXVII. CUCULIDÆ, or CUCKOOS.

267. _Crotophaga ani_, Linn. (Black Ani.) 31

268. _Guira piririgua_ (Vieill.). (Guira Cuckoo.) 32

269. _Diplopterus nævius_ (Gm.). (Brown Cuckoo.) 35

270. _Piaya cayana_ (Linn.). (Chestnut Cuckoo.) 36

271. _Coccyzus americanus_ (Linn.). (Yellow-billed Cuckoo.) 37

272. _Coccyzus melanocoryphus_, Vieill. (Black-billed Cuckoo.) 38

273. _Coccyzus cinereus_, Vieill. (Cinereous Cuckoo.) [Plate XIII.] 38

274. _Coccyzus pumilus_, Strickl. (Dwarf Cuckoo.) 39

Fam. XXVIII. RHAMPHASTIDÆ, or TOUCANS.

275. _Rhamphastos toco_, Gm. (Toco Toucan.) 40

Order V. PSITTACI.

Fam. XXIX. PSITTACIDÆ, or PARROTS.

276. _Conurus patagonus_ (Vieill.). (Patagonian Parrot.) 41

277. _Conurus acuticaudatus_ (Vieill.). (Sharp-tailed Parrot.) 42

278. _Conurus mitratus_, Tsch. (Red-headed Parrot.) 43

279. _Conurus molinæ_, Mass. et Souanc. (Molina's Parrot.)
[Plate XIV.] 43

280. _Bolborhynchus monachus_ (Bodd.). (Green Parrakeet.) 43

281. _Bolborhynchus aymara_ (d'Orb.). (Aymara Parrakeet.) [Plate XV.] 46

282. _Bolborhynchus rubrirostris_ (Burm.). (Red-billed Parrakeet.) 46

283. _Chrysotis vinacea_ (Max.). (Vinaceous Amazon.) 46

284. _Chrysotis æstiva_ (Linn.). (Blue-fronted Amazon.) 47

285. _Pionus maximiliani_ (Kuhl). (Prince Maximilian's Parrot.) 47

Order VI. STRIGES.

Fam. XXX. STRIGIDÆ, or BARN-OWLS.

286. _Strix flammea_, Linn. (Common Barn-Owl.) 48

Fam. XXXI. BUBONIDÆ, or OWLS.

287. _Asio brachyotus_ (Forst.). (Short-eared Owl.) 49

288. _Bubo virginianus_ (Gm.). (Virginian Owl.) 50

289. _Scops brasilianus_ (Gm.). (Choliba Owl.) 51

290. _Speotyto cunicularia_ (Mol.). (Burrowing-Owl.) 52

291. _Glaucidium nanum_ (King). (Pygmy Owl.) 56

Order VII. ACCIPITRES.

Fam. XXXII. FALCONIDÆ, or FALCONS.

292. _Circus cinereus_, Vieill. (Cinereous Harrier.) 57

293. _Circus macropterus_, Vieill. (Long-winged Harrier.) 58

294. _Asturina pucherani_, Verr. (Pucheran's Hawk.) 58

295. _Buteo swainsoni_, Bp. (Swainson's Buzzard.) [Plate XVI.] 59

296. _Buteo albicaudatus_, Vieill. (White-tailed Buzzard.) 61

297. _Buteo erythronotus_ (King). (Red-backed Buzzard.) 62

298. _Antenor unicinctus_ (Temm.). (One-banded Buzzard.) 63

299. _Heterospizias meridionalis_ (Lath.). (Brown Buzzard.) 63

300. _Geranoaëtus melanoleucus_ (Vieill.). (Chilian Eagle.) 64

301. _Harpyhaliaëtus coronatus_ (Vieill.). (Crowned Harpy.) 66

302. _Geranospizias cærulescens_ (Vieill.). (Grey Crane-Hawk.) 67

303. _Falco peregrinus_, Linn. (Peregrine Falcon.) 67

304. _Falco fusco-cærulescens_, Vieill. (Orange-chested Hobby.) 69

305. _Tinnunculus cinnamominus_ (Sw.). (Cinnamomeous Kestrel.) 69

306. _Elanus leucurus_ (Vieill.). (White-tailed Kite.) 71

307. _Rostrhamus sociabilis_ (Vieill.). (Sociable Marsh-Hawk.) 72

308. _Spiziapteryx circumcinctus_ (Kaup). (Spot-winged Falcon.) 73

309. _Milvago chimango_ (Vieill.). (Chimango Carrion-Hawk.) 74

310. _Polyborus tharus_ (Mol.). (Carancho Carrion-Hawk.) 81

Fam. XXXIII. CATHARTIDÆ, or CONDORS.

311. _Cathartes aura_ (Linn.). (Turkey-Vulture.) 89

312. _Cathartes atratus_ (Bartram). (Black Vulture.) 89

313. _Sarcorhamphus gryphus_ (Linn.). (Great Condor.) 90

Order VIII. STEGANOPODES.

Fam. XXXIV. PHALACROCORACIDÆ, or CORMORANTS.

314. _Phalacrocorax brasilianus_ (Gm.). (Brazilian Cormorant.) 91

Order IX. HERODIONES.

Fam. XXXV. ARDEIDÆ, or HERONS.

315. _Ardea cocoi_, Linn. (Cocoi Heron.) 93

316. _Ardea egretta_, Gm. (White Egret.) 98

317. _Ardea candidissima_, Gm. (Snowy Egret.) 99

318. _Ardea cærulea_, Linn. (Blue Heron.) 99

319. _Ardea sibilatrix_, Temm. (Whistling Heron.) 100

320. _Butorides cyanurus_ (Vieill.). (Little Blue Heron.) 101

321. _Ardetta involucris_ (Vieill.). (Variegated Heron.)
[Plate XVII.] 101

322. _Tigrisoma marmoratum_ (Vieill.). (Marbled Tiger-Bittern.) 104

323. _Nycticorax obscurus_, Bp. (Dark Night-Heron.) 105

Fam. XXXVI. CICONIIDÆ, or STORKS.

324. _Mycteria americana_, Linn. (Jabiru.) 106

325. _Euxenura maguari_ (Gm.). (Maguari Stork.) 106

326. _Tantalus loculator_, Linn. (Wood-Ibis.) 108

Fam. XXXVII. PLATALEIDÆ, or IBISES.

327. _Plegadis guarauna_ (Linn.). (White-faced Ibis.) 109

328. _Theristicus caudatus_ (Bodd.). (Black-faced Ibis.) 110

329. _Harpiprion cærulescens_ (Vieill.). (Plumbeous Ibis.) 112

330. _Phimosus infuscatus_ (Licht.). (Whispering Ibis.) 113

331. _Ajaja rosea_, Reichenb. (Roseate Spoonbill.) 114

Fam. XXXVIII. PHOENICOPTERIDÆ, or FLAMINGOES.

332. _Phoenicopterus ignipalliatus_, Geoffr. et d'Orb.
(Argentine Flamingo.) 117

333. _Phoenicopterus andinus_, Philippi. (Andean Flamingo.) 119

Order X. ANSERES.

Fam. XXXIX. PALAMEDEIDÆ, or SCREAMERS.

334. _Chauna chavaria_ (Linn.). (Crested Screamer.) 119

Fam. XL. ANATIDÆ, or DUCKS.

335. _Bernicla melanoptera_ (Eyton). (Andean Goose.) 122

336. _Bernicla dispar_, Ph. et Landb. (Barred Upland Goose.) 123

337. _Bernicla poliocephala_, Gray. (Ashy-headed Goose.) 124

338. _Cygnus nigricollis_, Gm. (Black-necked Swan.) [Plate XVIII.] 124

339. _Coscoroba candida_ (Vieill.). (Coscoroba Swan.) 126

340. _Dendrocygna fulva_ (Gm.). (Fulvous Tree-Duck.) 126

341. _Dendrocygna viduata_ (Linn.). (White-faced Tree-Duck.) 128

342. _Sarcidiornis carunculata_ (Licht.). (Crested Duck.) 128

343. _Cairina moschata_ (Linn.). (Muscovy Duck.) 129

344. _Heteronetta melanocephala_ (Vieill.). (Black-headed Duck.) 130

345. _Querquedula cyanoptera_ (Vieill.). (Blue-winged Teal.) 130

346. _Querquedula flavirostris_ (Vieill.). (Yellowed-billed Teal.) 131

347. _Querquedula versicolor_ (Vieill.). (Grey Teal.) 131

348. _Querquedula torquata_ (Vieill.). (Ring-necked Teal.) 132

349. _Querquedula brasiliensis_ (Gm.). (Brazilian Teal.) 133

350. _Dafila spinicauda_ (Vieill.). (Brown Pintail.) 134

351. _Dafila bahamensis_ (Linn.). (Bahama Pintail.) 135

352. _Mareca sibilatrix_ (Poepp.). (Chiloe Wigeon.) 135

353. _Spatula platalea_ (Vieill.). (Red Shoveller.) 136

354. _Metopiana peposaca_ (Vieill.). (Rosy-billed Duck.) 137

355. _Erismatura ferruginea_, Eyton. (Rusty Lake-Duck.) 138

356. _Nomonyx dominicus_ (Linn.). (White-winged Lake-Duck.) 138

Order XI. COLUMBÆ.

Fam. XLI. COLUMBIDÆ, or PIGEONS.

357. _Columba picazuro_, Temm. (Picazuro Pigeon.) 139

358. _Columba maculosa_, Temm. (Spot-winged Pigeon.) 140

359. _Zenaida maculata_ (Vieill.). (Spotted Dove.) 141

360. _Metriopelia melanoptera_ (Mol.). (Black-winged Dove.) 142

361. _Metriopelia aymara_ (Knip et Prév.). (Aymara Dove.) 142

362. _Columbula picui_ (Temm.). (Picui Dove.) 143

363. _Chamæpelia talpacoti_ (Temm.). (Talpacoti Dove.) 144

364. _Engyptila chalcauchenia_ (Scl. et Salv.). (Solitary Pigeon.) 144

Order XII. GALLINÆ.

Fam. XLII. CRACIDÆ, or CURASSOWS.

365. _Crax sclateri_, G. R. Gray. (Sclater's Curassow.) 145

366. _Penelope obscura_, Temm. (Dark Guan.) 146

367. _Pipile cumanensis_ (Jacq.). (White-headed Guan.) 146

368. _Ortalis canicollis_, Wagl. (Hoary-necked Guan.) 147

Order XIV. GERANOMORPHÆ.

Fam. XLIII. RALLIDÆ, or RAILS.

369. _Rallus maculatus_, Bodd. (Spotted Rail.) [Plate XIX.] 148

370. _Rallus antarcticus_, King. (Antarctic Rail.) 148

371. _Rallus rhytirhynchus_, Vieill. (Black Rail.) 149

372. _Rallus nigricans_, Vieill. (Plumbeous Rail.) 150

373. _Aramides ypecaha_ (Vieill.). (Ypecaha Rail.) 150

374. _Porzana leucopyrrha_ (Vieill.). (Red-and-White Crake.) 154

375. _Porzana salinasi_ (Philippi). (Spot-winged Crake.) 155

376. _Porzana notata_ (Gould). (Marked Crake.) 155

377. _Porphyriops melanops_ (Vieill.). (Little Waterhen.) 156

378. _Gallinula galeata_ (Licht.). (American Waterhen.) 156

379. _Fulica armillata_, Vieill. (Red-gartered Coot.) 157

380. _Fulica leucopyga_, Hartl. (Red-fronted Coot.) 157

381. _Fulica leucoptera_, Vieill. (Yellow-billed Coot.) 158

Fam. XLIV. ARAMIDÆ, or COURLANS.

382. _Aramus scolopaceus_ (Gm.). (Southern Courlan.) 159

Fam. XLV. CARIAMIDÆ, or CARIAMAS.

383. _Cariama cristata_ (Linn.). (Crested Cariama.) 161

384. _Chunga burmeisteri_ (Hartl.). (Burmeister's Cariama.) 162

Order XV. LIMICOLÆ.

Fam. XLVI. PARRIDÆ, or JACANAS.

385. _Parra jacana_, Linn. (The Jacana.) 163

Fam. XLVII. CHARADRIIDÆ, or PLOVERS.

386. _Vanellus cayennensis_ (Gm.). (Cayenne Lapwing.) 165

387. _Charadrius dominicus_, Müller. (American Golden Plover.) 170

388. _Eudromias modesta_ (Licht.). (Winter Plover.) 171

389. _Ægialitis falklandica_ (Lath.). (Patagonian Sand-Plover.) 172

390. _Ægialitis collaris_ (Vieill.). (Azara's Sand-Plover.) 173

391. _Oreophilus ruficollis_ (Wagl.). (Slender-billed Plover.) 174

392. _Hæmatopus palliatus_, Temm. (American Oyster-catcher.) 176

Fam. XLVIII. THINOCORIDÆ, or SEED-SNIPES.

393. _Thinocorus rumicivorus_, Eschsch. (Common Seed-Snipe.) 176

394. _Thinocorus orbignyanus_, Geoffr. et Less. (D'Orbigny's
Seed-Snipe.) 178

Fam. XLIX. SCOLOPACIDÆ, or SNIPES.

395. _Himantopus brasiliensis_, Brehm. (Brazilian Stilt.) 179

396. _Phalaropus wilsoni_, Sabine. (Wilson's Phalarope.) 180

397. _Gallinago paraguaiæ_ (Vieill.). (Paraguay Snipe.) 181

398. _Rhynchæa semicollaris_ (Vieill.). (Painted Snipe.) 182

399. _Tringa maculata_, Vieill. (Pectoral Sandpiper.) 183

400. _Tringa bairdi_ (Coues). (Baird's Sandpiper.) 184

401. _Tringa fuscicollis_, Vieill. (Bonaparte's Sandpiper.) 185

402. _Calidris arenaria_ (Linn.). (Sanderling.) 186

403. _Totanus melanoleucus_ (Gm.). (Greater Yellowshank.) 186

404. _Totanus flavipes_ (Gm.). (Lesser Yellowshank.) 187

405. _Rhyacophilus solitarius_ (Wils.). (Solitary Sandpiper.) 188

406. _Actiturus bartramius_ (Wils.). (Bartram's Sandpiper.) 189

407. _Tryngites rufescens_ (Vieill.). (Buff-breasted Sandpiper.) 190

408. _Limosa hæmastica_ (Linn.). (Hudsonian Godwit.) 191

409. _Numenius borealis_ (Forst.). (Esquimo Whimbrel.) 192

Order XVI. GAVIÆ.

Fam. L. LARIDÆ, or GULLS.

410. _Rhynchops melanura_, Sw. (Black-tailed Skimmer.) 193

411. _Phaëthusa magnirostris_ (Licht.). (Great-billed Tern.) 194

412. _Sterna maxima_, Bodd. (Great Tern.) 195

413. _Sterna trudeauii_, Aud. (Trudeau's Tern.) 195

414. _Sterna hirundinacea_, Less. (Cassin's Tern.) 196

415. _Sterna superciliaris_, Vieill. (Eyebrowed Tern.) 197

416. _Larus dominicanus_, Licht. (Dominican Gull.) 197

417. _Larus maculipennis_, Licht. (Spot-winged Gull.) 198

418. _Larus cirrhocephalus_, Vieill. (Grey-capped Gull.) 201

Order XVII. PYGOPODES.

Fam. LI. PODICIPEDIDÆ, or GREBES.

419. _Æchmophorus major_ (Bodd.). (Great Grebe.) 202

420. _Podiceps caliparæus_, Less. (Bright-cheeked Grebe.) 204

421. _Podiceps rollandi_, Quoy et Gaim. (Rolland's Grebe.) 204

422. _Tachybaptes dominicus_ (Linn.). (American Dabchick.) 205

423. _Podilymbus podiceps_ (Linn.). (Thick-billed Grebe.) 206

Order XVIII. IMPENNES.

Fam. LII. APTENODYTIDÆ, or PENGUINS.

424. _Spheniscus magellanicus_ (Forst.). (Jackass Penguin.) 206

Order XIX. CRYPTURI.

Fam. LIII. TINAMIDÆ, or TINAMOUS.

425. _Crypturus obsoletus_, Temm. (Brown Tinamou.) 207

426. _Crypturus tataupa_, Temm. (Tataupa Tinamou.) 208

427. _Rhynchotus rufescens_ (Temm.). (Great Tinamou.) 209

428. _Nothoprocta pentlandi_ (Gray). (Pentland's Tinamou.) 210

429. _Nothoprocta cinerascens_ (Burm.). (Cinereous Tinamou.) 210

430. _Nothura maculosa_ (Temm.). (Spotted Tinamou.) 211

431. _Nothura darwini_, Gray. (Darwin's Tinamou.) [Plate XX.] 213

432. _Calodromas elegans_ (d'Orb. et Geoffr.). (Martineta Tinamou.) 214

Order XX. STRUTHIONES.

Fam. LIV. RHEIDÆ, or RHEAS.

433. _Rhea americana_, Lath. (Common Rhea.) 216

434. _Rhea darwini_, Gould. (Darwin's Rhea.) 219

APPENDIX 221

I. List of the principal Authorities upon the Ornithology of the
Argentine Republic referred to in the present Work 221

II. List of some of the principal Localities where Collections
have been made, mentioned in this Work 231

INDEX 233

LIST OF PLATES IN VOL. II.

Plate Page