Chapter X: Appendix: List of Members of the Original Company41
[Extract from the New York "Evening Express," February 9, 1849.]
A company of young men started yesterday afternoon, who, under the command of Major H. L. Webb and J. W. Audubon, will take the land route via Corpus Christi, Monterey, etc., to the gold regions of California. The whole company will number one hundred. Thirty-five or forty went from Philadelphia yesterday.
They proceed direct to Cairo, which is the rendez-vous of the party; here they will be joined by companies from the West. At New Orleans or thereabouts as most convenient, they will purchase mules, horses and all necessary equipments, each man finding his own outfit.
We append a list of the names of those who go from here in this company, so far as known.
Audubon, John W.
Ayres, Venancia
Bachman, Jacob H.
Barclay, William B.
Benson, Leffert L.
Benson, Robert, Jr.
Black, John A.
Bloomfield, John J.
Boden, Hamilton J.
Brady, Henry
Brady, John
Cararley, John
Clement, James B.
Combs, Frederick S.
Cowden, Henry
Cree, William J.
Damon, Luke
Davis, Geradus T.
Delancy, John
Doubleday, Ulysses
Elmslie, James D.
Ely, Justin, Jr.
Graham, Charles Montrose
Graham, A. Clason
Graham, A. Spencer
Hall, Thomas H., Jr.
Havens, Langdon H.
Hinckley, Lyman T.
Hudson, David
Hutchinson, William A.
Kashon, Israel
Kearney, John, M. D.
Lambert, Edward A.
Lambert, John B.
Lambert, John S.
Lambert, Joseph
Lambert, J. Robert
Lee, Augustus T.
Liscomb, Samuel H.
Liscomb, William H.
Mallory, Henry C.
McCusker, Peter
McGown, Andrew J.
Molinear, William D.
Nevin, Andrew M.
Osgood, E. W.
Plumb, John H.
Powell, Emmett
Rodgers, J. Kearney, Jr.
Sherwood, James W.
Sherwood, Richard W.
Shipman, Aaron T.
Sloat, Lewis M.
Steele, George D.
Stevens, John
Stille, Henry
Stivers, Daniel A.
Stivers, William D.
Tallman, Harmon
Tone, John H.
Trask, John B., M. D.
Valentine, Charles
Valentine, Thomas B.
Valentine, Matthias B.
Van Buren, George T.
Watkinson, Joseph S.
Walsh, Nicholas J.
Warner, James
Webb, Edward C.
Webb, Watson
Weed, George
Whittlesey, Gilbert B.
Whittlesey, William
Williamson, Isaac H.
Winthrop, Francis B.
INDEX
Abert, Lieut. James W., 142.
Alamito, 95.
Alamo River, 74, 76.
Altar, 16, 143-145.
American River, 233, 237.
Angel's Diggings, 210.
Aquafrio, 85.
Arizona, 154-165.
Audubon, Caroline Hall, 26.
Audubon, John James, 21-28, 35, 41.
Audubon, John Woodhouse, 12, 14-18, 241, 242;
memoir, 21-38;
Journal, 41-240.
Audubon, Lucy, 26.
Audubon, Lucy Bakewell, 21-25, 27.
Audubon, Maria Bachman, 26.
Audubon, Victor Gifford, 22, 25, 36.
Ayres, Venancia, 169, 195, 242.
Bachman, Jacob H., 75, 83, 85, 168, 169, 174, 199, 242.
Bakewell, Howard, 61, 64, 65, 204.
Bakewell, W. G., 46, 48.
Baltimore, 14, 44.
Barclay, William B., 70, 242.
Barratt, ——, 119, 140.
Bartlett, John Russell, 84, 168.
Benson, Leffert L., 61, 70, 242.
Benson, Robert, Jr., 58, 61, 70, 242.
Berthoud, Nicholas, 22.
Birds, 56, 86, 111, 146;
bald-pates, 175;
buzzards, 221;
Caracara eagles, 139;
chats, 239;
cliff swallow, 129;
finches, 202, 239;
fly catchers, 239;
gadwalls, 175;
geese, 183, 184, 185, 216;
hawk, 182;
heron, 111, 185;
jay, 182, 202, 239;
mallard, 224;
partridge, 159, 223;
plover, 224;
quail, 202;
raven, 203;
robin, 202, 239;
sandhill cranes, 183;
vulture, 176, 182, 221, 223, 224;
woodpecker, 128, 182, 202.
"Birds of America," 23, 36-37.
Black, John A., 106, 115, 195, 242.
Bloomfield, John J., 75, 195, 197, 242.
Boden, Hamilton J., 60, 61, 63, 116, 204, 242.
Boggs, Biddle, 51, 138, 153, 187, 195.
Brady, Henry, 61, 70, 242.
Brady, John, 61, 70, 242.
Brazos, 50, 51.
Brice, Maj. Benjamin W., 52.
Browning, Lieut., U. S. N., 34, 71, 77, 78, 79, 81, 85, 94, 102,
120, 125, 170, 171, 179, 193, 195, 197, 228.
Brownsville, 15, 45, 51-55.
Buena Vista, 16, 91.
Cactus, 93, 136, 142, 157.
Cairo (Illinois), 15, 46, 241.
Calaveras, 207, 209, 229, 230.
Caldwell, Lieut. James N., 69.
California, 11, 13, 165-240.
Camargo, 58.
Camels, 12.
Campbell, Dr., 63-66, 72, 73, 77.
Camp Ringgold. _See_ Ringgold.
Cararley, John, 242.
Carrol, Frank, 85, 92, 106, 110, 111.
Carson's Creek, 213.
Cerralvo, 84.
Cerro Gordo, 99-100.
Cerro Prieto, 118.
Chapman, Maj. Wm. Warren, 50, 55.
China (Mexico), 58.
Chinese Diggings, 200, 202, 203, 204, 209, 216, 217, 225.
Cholera, 14-16, 50, 58-71, 74, 94, 105.
Cincinnati, 45.
Circus, 100, 102.
Clement, James B., 29, 33, 51, 61, 70, 77, 140, 195, 199, 204,
242.
Cole, Thomas, 138.
Collier, Col. James, 165, 167.
Coloma, 17, 237, 238, 239.
Colorado River, 16, 163.
Combs, Frederick S., 74, 75, 242.
Concepcion, 113.
Conchos River, 110.
Cooke, Col. Philip St. George, 155
Cooke's Wells, 166.
Couts, Cave Johnson, 161, 163, 164.
Cowden, Henry, 70, 242.
Coyote, 211, 212, 213.
Cree, William J., 174, 195, 242.
Creosote plant, 158.
Cumberland, 14, 44.
Damon, Luke, 75, 195, 242.
Davis, Clay, 68, 69, 77, 78.
Davis, Geradus T., 242.
Davis's Rancho, 55, 59, 64, 71, 104.
Delancy, John, 242.
Don Pedro's Bar, 224.
Doubleday, Ulysses, 83, 85, 242.
Dry Creek, 230.
Elmslie, James D., 70, 83, 85, 195, 242.
El Pozo, 94.
El Valle, 102.
Ely, Justin, Jr., 61, 70, 242.
Exchange Hotel, 187.
Florida, Rio, 101.
Follen, ——, 61, 70.
Frejoles, 137.
Fremont, John C., 142.
French Camp, 187.
French Creek, 227.
Frenchtown, 44.
Gabilana, 117.
Gaines, Gen. Edmund Pendleton, 48.
Gambling, 177, 188, 193, 196, 197, 206, 214.
Georgetown, 17, 237, 239, 240.
Gila valley, 155-163.
Gold, discovery of, 11, 13.
Gold-fields, 199-240.
Graham, A. Clason, 242.
Graham, A. Spencer, 242.
Graham, Charles Montrose, 91-92, 242.
Graham, Col. James D., 155.
Grasshoppers, as food, 150.
Green Springs, 223, 224.
Hall, Thomas H., Jr., 242.
Harrison, W. H., 59, 61, 64, 65, 67.
Havens, Langdon H., 33, 62, 71, 111, 138, 165, 174, 193, 195,
242.
Hawkins's Bar, 217, 218, 221, 223.
Hays, Col. John C., 29, 75.
Hewes, ——, 195.
Hidalgo. _See_ Parral.
Hinckley, Lyman T., 59, 105, 138, 195, 242.
Horde, ——, 68, 71.
"Hounds," 188.
Howard, N., 223, 224, 228.
Hudson, David, 62, 75, 127, 185, 187, 195, 199, 242.
Hutchinson, William A., 195, 242.
Independence (Missouri), 13, 14.
Indian Bluff, 224.
Islip's, 199.
Jamestown, 215.
Jesus Maria, 120-122.
Kashon, Israel, 242.
Kearney, John, M. D., 72, 242.
Kearny, Gen. Stephen W., 13, 16.
Kingsland, Daniel C. and Ambrose, 14, 31, 34.
Labrador, 24.
La Cadena, 97.
Lambert, Edward A., 106, 195, 242.
Lambert, John Booth, 58-59, 242.
Lambert, John Robert, 195, 242.
Lambert, John S., 106, 195, 242.
Lambert, Joseph, 106, 195, 242.
La Motte, Maj. Joseph H., 55, 67, 71.
"Landmarks Club," 180.
Laurel Hill, 45.
Layton, Robert, 17, 130, 163, 195, 206, 217, 223, 224, 228, 229,
231, 237.
La Zarca, 98.
Lee, Augustus T., 174, 195, 242.
Liscomb, Samuel H., 63, 66, 105, 110, 195, 242.
Liscomb, William H., 61, 65, 242.
Lizards, as food, 150.
Los Angeles, 16, 178, 179, 218, 237.
Luis Rey, 175-176.
Maguey, 72, 89.
Mallory, Henry C., 33, 82, 107, 108, 163, 179, 190, 193, 195, 242.
Mammals:
Antelope, 98, 112, 183;
black-tailed deer, 181, 202;
California marmot, 112, 175, 202;
elk, 183, 184, 185;
grizzly bear, 202;
hare, black-tailed, 98, 112;
hare, California, 202, 224;
hare, small, 202;
pocket mouse, 149;
squirrels, 202;
wild horses, 185;
wolves, 185.
Mapimi, 16, 96-97.
Marcy, Gen. Randolph B., 168.
Maricopa Indians, 156, 161, 213.
Marin, 85.
Matamoras, 51, 52.
Maybury, ——, 108, 109.
Maximilian, Prince of Wied, 51.
Mazatlan, 88, 142.
McCown, Capt. John Porter, 30, 71, 77, 80.
McCusker, Peter, 195, 242.
McGown, Andrew J., 195, 199, 242.
McLea, ——, 193, 195.
Mescal, 89.
Mesquite, 54.
Meteoric iron, 103.
Mexico, 84-154.
Mier, 82, 83.
Mining at Jesus Maria, 121.
Mining camps, 200.
Mining, methods of, 221-223.
Minniesland, 27.
Missions, 17, 170-171, 175, 176, 177, 180.
Mississippi River, 46-49.
Mitchell, ——, 70, 79, 195.
Mokelumne:
Hill, 208;
mines, 208;
"rich gulch," 208;
river, 230.
Molinear, William D., 92, 242.
Money, stolen, 66-68, 71, 73, 77, 78.
Monterey, 16, 86-87, 195, 241.
Mormon Gulch, 214.
Murray, Lieut. Edward, 172, 173.
Murphy's Diggings, 204, 211.
Murphy's New Diggings, 210.
Nevin, Andrew M., 242.
New Orleans, 15, 48-49, 241.
New York City, 14, 41-43.
Number, in company, 241.
Ord, Lieut. E. O. C., 172.
Oregon trail, 13.
Osgood, E. W., 142, 242.
Papago Indians, 147-152.
Paragarto, 129.
Parral, 16, 102-106.
Parras, 16, 91, 93.
Paso Chapadaro, 116.
Payote, 186, 208, 213.
Pennypacker, ——, 106, 108, 152, 195.
Peons, 89.
Perry, Dr., 92, 174, 195.
Philadelphia, 44, 241.
Pima Indians, 16, 143, 155, 156, 161, 213.
Pitochi, 118.
Pittsburg, 15, 45.
Plumb, John H., 142, 242.
Popagallos, 85.
Powell, Emmett, 243.
Prices, 113, 189.
Pulque, 89.
"Quadrupeds of North America," 27, 30, 36-37.
Ramos, 85.
Rattlesnake, 147.
Rhoades, ——, 117, 119, 181.
Rinconada, 89.
Rinconada Pass, 90.
Ringgold, Camp, 55, 64, 67, 69, 82.
Rio Florida, 101.
Rio Grande City, 15, 55, 59, 62.
Rio Grande (river), 15, 49-83.
Robber's Rancho, 85.
Rocky Mountains, 106-110.
Rodgers, John Kearney, Jr., 47, 72, 243.
Roma, 15, 61, 72.
Routes to California, 13.
Sacramento City, 17, 231, 233, 237.
Salmon, 185.
Saltillo, 16, 88, 90-91.
San Antonio de Bexar, 178.
San Diego, 16, 171, 174, 206.
San Diego Mission, 170.
San Felipe, 168.
San Fernando, 180.
San Francisco, 16, 17, 190, 193, 195.
San Joaquin River, 16, 183, 184, 190, 221, 227.
San Pedro, 178.
Santa Borgia, 118.
Santa Cruz, 110.
Santa Fé trail, 13.
Santa Maria, 170, 206.
Santa Rosa, 135.
Sherwood, James W., 243.
Sherwood, Richard W., 243.
Shipman, Aaron T., 61, 66, 70, 243.
Sierra Nevada, 175, 176, 225.
Simson, Robert, 33, 59, 61, 64, 65, 67, 68, 70, 77, 91, 95, 108,
179, 185, 195, 197, 228.
Sloat, Lewis M., 138, 165, 174, 243.
Sonora (Mexico), 16.
Sonora Camp, 217.
Soyopa, 137.
Stampede, 95.
Stanislaus River, 186, 199, 204, 212, 214, 227.
Steele, George D., 169, 174, 195, 243.
Stevens, John, 33, 61, 63, 64, 70, 163, 169, 174, 195, 197, 243.
Stevenson, John, 195.
Stevenson, Joseph, 128.
Stille, Henry, 243.
Stivers, Daniel A., 243.
Stivers, William D., 243.
Stockton, 16, 186, 187, 190, 195, 197, 199, 202, 206, 207, 225,
227-229, 238.
Suisun Bay, 190.
Sutter, Capt. John A., 239.
Sutter's Fort, 232, 234.
Sutter's Mills, 237.
Table Mountain, 215.
Tallman, Harmon, 61, 70, 243.
Tarahumara Indians, 113, 114.
Teller, ——, 105, 106.
Texas, 11, 29, 41.
Thorn, Capt. Herman, 161, 165.
Tomochic, 115.
Tone, Alice Walsh, 32.
Tone, John H., 32, 33, 110, 195, 205, 243.
Tonichi, 137.
Trask, John B., M. D., 58, 60, 61, 62, 74, 85, 108, 112, 119,
158, 174, 195, 243.
Trees:
Cedars, 239;
cottonwoods, 178, 181;
dogwood, 239;
elm, 239;
hemlocks, 240;
laurel, 206;
maples, 239;
mesquite, 54;
oaks, 178, 185, 206, 227, 230, 233, 238;
oak, live, 200, 230;
oak, post, 200, 201, 218, 223, 224;
oak, swamp, 200;
oak, white, 239;
pines, 201, 206, 210, 238, 239, 240;
redwoods, 196, 206;
sycamores, 178, 206.
Trinidad, 133-134.
Tulare valley, 16, 179, 182.
Tuolumne, 202, 209, 217, 218, 224.
Ures, 16, 139-141.
Valentine, Charles, 243.
Valentine, Matthias B., 243.
Valentine, Thomas B., 243.
Van Buren, George T., 195, 243.
Walnut Springs, 85.
Walsh, Nicholas J., 33, 59, 61, 66, 70, 126-127, 168, 169, 195,
204, 243.
Warner, James, 243.
Watkinson, Joseph S., 114, 174, 195, 243.
Webb, Edward C., 243.
Webb, Col. Henry L., 14, 15, 31, 42, 47, 48, 53, 55, 58, 60, 61,
73, 74, 76, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 203, 241.
Webb, Watson, 243.
Weed, George, 91, 157, 169, 195, 243.
West, settlement of, 12.
Whipple, Lieut. Amiel W., 162, 164.
Whittlesey, Edward, 63.
Whittlesey, Gilbert B., 243.
Whittlesey, William, 243.
Williamson, Isaac H., 243.
Winthrop, Francis B., 243.
Wislizenus, Dr. A., 84, 142.
Wood's Creek, 214.
Wood's Diggings, 210, 215, 216, 217.
Yaqui River, 137.
Yorktown, 215.
Yuma Indians, 161, 162, 213.
FOOTNOTES:
[1] An experiment with camels was tried and proved a failure.
[2] John Porter McCown resigned his commission in 1861 to join
the Confederate army, in which he served through the war as
a major general.—F. H. H.
[3] Frenchtown was the western terminus of the New Castle and
Frenchtown Railroad, one of the first railroads built in the
United States and a part of the early route between the East
and the West. With the passing of the road, the town entirely
disappeared. It was located at the head of the Elk River
branch of Chesapeake Bay, below the present site of Elkton.
[4] Mrs. Alexander Gordon.—M. R. A.
[5] William Warren Chapman was brevetted major for gallant
conduct in the battle of Buena Vista, and died in 1859.
[6] _Travels in the Interior of North America_, by Maximilian,
Prince of Wied-Neuwied (London, 1843). Reprinted in Thwaites's
_Early Western Travels_, 1748-1846 (Cleveland, 1905).
[7] Major Benjamin William Brice served through the Civil War
in the paymaster's department and became a major general at
its close.
[8] The mesquit or mesquite is a tree, resembling the
locust, of which there are several species in Mexico and the
southwestern part of the United States.
[9] Camp Ringgold was an American military post below Rio
Grande City. Davis's rancho, mentioned later, was half a mile
above Camp Ringgold.
[10] Joseph Hatch La Motte, brevetted a major for gallant
conduct at Monterey, resigned from the service in 1846 and
died in 1888.
[11] China is located on the Rio San Juan about fifty miles
from the Rio Grande.
[12] Maguey is the Spanish name for the century plant.
[13] Col. John C. Hays, the Texas ranger and Indian fighter,
who won a national reputation at the siege of Monterey.
He went to California in 1849, became first sheriff of San
Francisco and afterward United States surveyor-general for
California.
[14] The route from the Rio Grande to the Rio Florida
is described in Wislizenus's "Tour to Northern Mexico,"
Washington, 1848 (Senate misc. doc. 26, 1st session,
30th Congress) and in Bartlett's _Personal Narrative of
Explorations and Incidents in Texas, New Mexico, California,
Sonora and Chihuahua_ (New York, 1854). Wislizenus was
physician in Doniphan's expedition, and Bartlett was United
States Mexican Boundary Commissioner. The Mexican Atlas of
Garcia y Cubas (Mexico City, 1859) furnishes maps that are
nearly contemporary and a list of haciendas.
[15] _Cabalgada_ is properly a troop of mounted men or
cavalcade. The word is here applied to the animals upon which
the men are mounted.
[16] Hidalgo del Parral, marked upon the maps both as Hidalgo
and as Parral, but more commonly the latter.
[17] The Taraumara or more properly the Tarahumara Indians
are described in H. H. Bancroft's _Native Races_, vol. i, chap. v.
[18] The Cliff Swallow (_Petrochelidon lunifrons_) is
described in Audubon's _Birds of America_, ed. 1840, vol. i,
p. 177. Audubon proposed the name _Hirundo republicana_ in
1824, but Say had named the species _Hirundo lunifrons_ the
year before. I am indebted to Dr. F. H. Snow for reference
to the synonymy and the account of the discovery of this
species in Coues's _Birds of the Colorado Valley_, part i,
pp. 426-429.
[19] _Frejoles_ or _frijoles_, Spanish for beans.
[20] Thomas Cole (1801-1848), an American landscape painter
of English birth, was one of the earliest artists to depict
the beauties of American scenery; he was noted for his scenes
in the Catskills. His recent death doubtless emphasized his
pictures in Audubon's mind.
[21] The Caracara or Brazilian Eagle is described in Audubon's
_Birds of America_, ed. 1840, vol. i, p. 21. It was found in
Florida by Audubon but so rarely occurs in the United States
that it is not included in the "A. O. U. Check List of North
American Birds." The name is derived from the hoarse cry that
it utters.
[22] _Caramba_ is the commonest of Spanish interjections.
[23] Many scientific reports appeared in the public documents
of this period. Fremont's "Report of an Expedition to Oregon
and California" was printed both in Senate and House documents
and in a separate edition in 1845. The Senate documents of
the 1st session of the 30th Congress, printed in 1848, contain
Emory's "Reconnoissance from Fort Leavenworth to San Diego,"
Abert's "Examination of New Mexico," Wislizenus's "Memoir
of a Tour to Northern Mexico," and Fremont's "Geographical
Memoir upon Upper California." Audubon probably had in mind
the cylindrical cactus figured by Abert.
[24] The Papago Indians belonged to the Piman family, but had
separated from the Pimas at the time of their conversion by
the Spanish missionaries.
[25] The _Dipodomys Phillippsii_ is a species of mouse
provided with a pouch and is popularly called the pocket or
kangaroo mouse.
[26] Philip St. George Cooke (1809-1895) served under Kearny
in the conquest of New Mexico, was given command of the
"Mormon battalion," which had been recruited at Council Bluffs
from among the Nauvoo refugees, and was sent from Santa Fé to
reinforce Kearny in California. The journal of the expedition
was printed at the time (Senate ex. doc. No. 2, special
session, 31st Cong.) and later in an expanded form as "The
Conquest of New Mexico and California" (New York, 1878). Cooke
commanded the federal troops during the territorial troubles
in Kansas, served with distinction in the Civil War and was
brevetted Major General at its close.
[27] James Duncan Graham was a member of Long's first
expedition. In 1840 he was appointed commissioner for the
survey of the Maine boundary and did good service in the
settlement of that controversy. He was for a time principal
astronomer of the Mexican Boundary Commission, but was
recalled, on account of disagreements with Commissioner
Bartlett, and made a separate report (Senate ex. doc. No.
121, 1st session, 32d Cong.). He reached the rank of colonel
during the Civil War and died in 1865. Mt. Graham, Arizona,
bears his name.
[28] The Pima Indians were called Pimos in the books of fifty
years ago. The Maricopas belonged to the Yuman family but had
united with the Pimas for protection.
[29] Herman Thorn, soldier in the Mexican War, distinguished
himself in the battles of Churubusco and Molino del Rey, and
was made captain. He was drowned October 16, 1849, as stated
later in the text.
[30] Cave Johnson Couts, a Tennessean and West Pointer, went
to California in 1848 as first lieutenant of dragoons in
Graham's battalion. He resigned his commission and married the
pretty daughter of a prominent Spanish family in 1851, settled
in California and acquired considerable property, and died in
1874.
[31] Audubon returned to the Gila at the point of its junction
with the Colorado. The usual emigrant road either kept to
the south of the Gila or crossed the river at the bend and
recrossed it sometime before coming to the Colorado. Audubon
must either have kept to the north of the river or omitted
to mention the recrossing. The crossing of the Colorado was
just below the mouth of the Gila. Lieut. Whipple was making
observations at this point at this time. Fort Yuma was
established here in 1852, opposite the present town of Yuma.
[32] Amiel W. Whipple, at this time lieutenant of
topographical engineers, later made one of the principal
Pacific Railroad surveys, and died a major general in 1863
from wounds received at Chancellorsville. The journal of
his expedition from San Diego to the Colorado was printed as
Senate ex. doc. No. 19, 2d session, 31st Cong. The entry for
October 15th, 1849, reads as follows:
"Arrived Colonel Collyer, collector of the port of San
Francisco, escorted by Captain Thorne with thirty dragoons.
Under their protection is also a party of emigrants, commanded
by Mr. Audubon, the younger, naturalist; Lieutenant Browning,
of the navy; Mr. Langdon Haven, and a son of Commodore Sloat,
were with this party, which was suffering for the want of
provisions."
[33] The Indian village of San Felipe has disappeared from the
modern map but the name is borne by a creek in this valley.
The journey from the Colorado to San Diego is described in
Bartlett's _Personal Narrative_, and the itinerary is given
in Marcy's _Prairie Traveler_ (New York, 1859). An edition of
the latter book, disguised as Burton's _Handbook of Overland
Expeditions_, was issued in London in 1863.
[34] Charles Franklin Carter's _Missions of Nueva California_
(San Francisco, 1900), gives a good description of the present
condition of the mission buildings of California. Under the
inspiration of Charles F. Lummis, the "Landmarks Club" of Los
Angeles has undertaken the work of repairing and preserving
their ruins. See also _Missions of California_, by Laura Bride
Powers, (New York, 1897) and _In and Out of the Old Missions
of California_, by George Wharton James (Boston, 1905).
[35] Edward Murray, at this time a lieutenant, resigned
from the service in 1855, was afterwards an officer in the
Confederate army.
[36] Edward O. C. Ord (1818-1883), at this time a first
lieutenant, later a major general in the Civil War. His long
and distinguished service gives his name a place in every
American cyclopaedia and biographical dictionary.
[37] San Luis Rey was reoccupied and a Franciscan college
established there in 1893.
[38] San Fernando is, of all the missions of California, in
the best condition. Its two principal buildings are in a good
state of preservation and the church has been re-roofed by
the "Landmarks Club."
[39] There is a map of the mining camps in H. H. Bancroft's
_History of California_, vol. vi, pp. 368-369. Topographical
details are given in the "Claim" sheets, issued by the United
States Geological Survey. The inset in the map of Audubon's
route, at the end of this volume, is intended to locate only
the places visited by him.
[40] The text is here slightly confused. Perhaps Audubon
wondered what would become of the "mushroom town" through
which he had just passed.
[41] The number of persons in the company varied widely at
different times. About eighty started from New York. The
list, here reprinted from the New York "Evening Express,"
contains seventy-five names but does not claim to be complete.
Apparently a number of men from Philadelphia, but not as many
as stated above, joined the company, since it is repeatedly
described as "at one time numbering ninety-eight." The
implication in the _Journal_ that there were but sixty-five
at Cairo must be an error. About fifty started from Roma with
Mr. Audubon but the number reached fifty-seven at Parras. One
subsequently died, another remained at Mapimi, three left
the company at Ures, eleven took the boat from San Diego
and "about forty" continued the march to Los Angeles. This
seems to have been the number of the reunited company in San
Francisco, of whom thirty-eight, including Mr. Audubon, made
the tour of the southern mines.
Important Historical Publications OF The Arthur H. Clark Company
Full descriptive circulars will be mailed on application
PERSONAL NARRATIVE
OF
Travels in Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana,
Kentucky; and of a Residence in the Illinois Territory:
1817-1818
BY
ELIAS PYM FORDHAM
With facsimiles of the author's sketches and plans
Edited with Notes, Introduction, Index, etc., by
FREDERIC AUSTIN OGG, A. M.
_Author of "The Opening of the Mississippi"_
[Sidenote: AN UNPUBLISHED MS.]
This hitherto unpublished MS., which is a real literary and historical find, was written in 1817-18 by a young Englishman of excellent education who assisted Morris Birkbeck in establishing his Illinois settlement. The author writes anonymously, but by a careful study of various allusions in the _Narrative_ and from information furnished by the family in possession of the MS., has been identified as Elias Pym Fordham. Landing at Baltimore, he reached the West by way of Philadelphia, Pittsburg, and the Ohio River to Cincinnati, describing the people and the country as he went along.
[Sidenote: THE MIDDLE WEST IN 1817]
Fordham was an especially well-qualified observer of the Middle West because of the numerous journeys he undertook, on land-hunting trips for new emigrants, in the service of Mr. Birkbeck. These journeys led him into Indiana, Ohio, and Kentucky; and he never omits the opportunity to make frank and pointed comment on society, manners, and morals, as well as careful observations of the face of the country and of industrial conditions. The style is quite unaffected and has much natural charm and sprightliness; and the fact that he wrote anonymously made him much more free in his comments on contemporary society than would otherwise have been possible.
[Sidenote: LOCAL AND PIONEER HISTORY]
These journeys also gave him unexampled opportunities for contact with the pioneers of the Middle West, and his journal is consequently rich in _personalia_ of early settlers, remarks on contemporary history and politics, state of trade, agriculture, prices, and information on local history not obtainable elsewhere. He also visited the larger cities and gives very interesting accounts of Pittsburg and Cincinnati, accompanied by original sketches and plans. In Kentucky he had the opportunity to study slavery; and although at first prejudiced against this institution he finally reached the conclusion that the slave states offered better chances of successful settlement than the free states.
[Sidenote: VALUE FOR READERS AND STUDENTS]
The publication of Fordham's _Narrative_ with introduction, extensive annotations, and index by Professor Frederic A. Ogg, one of the best authorities on the history of the Mississippi Valley, will make accessible to historical students much new and important material, besides giving the general reader a book of vital and absorbing interest.
* * * * *
Printed direct from type on Dickinson's deckle-edged paper, and illustrated with original sketches and plans, in one volume, 8vo, about 180 pages, cloth, uncut.
Price $3.00 net.
The Arthur H. Clark Company
PUBLISHERS CLEVELAND, OHIO
The First Circumnavigation of the Globe
MAGELLAN'S VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD
BY ANTONIO PIGAFETTA
The original and complete text of the oldest and best MS. (the Ambrosian MS. of Milan, of the early XVI century). The Italian text with page-for-page English translation. Translated, edited, and annotated by James A. Robertson, of the editorial staff of "The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents" and co-editor of "The Philippine Islands: 1493-1898." _With numerous maps, plates, and facsimiles._
"By far the best and fullest account of the expedition."—_Guillemard._
Pigafetta's Account, the fullest and best authority for the famous Voyage of Magellan, is here completely presented in English for the first time. Pigafetta was an Italian of noble family, interested in navigation and fond of travel. Happening to be in Spain when Magellan was about to sail, he secured permission to accompany the expedition. Pigafetta kept a detailed account of the incidents of the voyage and faithfully recorded his observations on the geography, climate, and resources of the numerous strange countries visited or described to him. Of especial value are his remarks on the customs, physical character, and languages of the various peoples of South America, and the Ladrones, Philippines and other Asiatic Islands.
Pigafetta's Account, notwithstanding its great importance to students, has never been adequately published. Stanley, in his translation for the Hakluyt Society, omits many passages relating to the manners and customs of native peoples, mis-translates other passages; and furthermore does not translate from the original Italian, but in part from a defective French MS. of later date, and in part from Amoretti's garbled printed edition of the Ambrosian MS.
The MS. which we use is the oldest in existence and is conserved in the Biblioteca Ambrosiana at Milan. This MS. was purported to have been published in 1800 by Amoretti, but his publication was what the Italians call a _refacimento_, in which the order is entirely changed at times to say nothing of the meaning. To insure a correct version of the text, the editor, Mr. Robertson, visited Milan and undertook the transcription personally.
The numerous charts of the original are carefully reproduced, together with a rare early map, showing Magellan's discoveries in the Far East. To preserve the archaic forms and peculiar letters of the old Italian, type has been specially designed and cut for many peculiar characters. The editing and annotation are elaborate and exhaustive; an Index and a complete Bibliography are added, making this the
BEST EDITION OF PIGAFETTA IN ANY LANGUAGE.
Issued in a limited edition of 350 copies only. Printed direct from type on Dickinson's deckle-edged paper. Two volumes, large 8vo, cloth, uncut, gilt top. Price $7.50 net.
The Arthur H. Clark Company
PUBLISHERS CLEVELAND, OHIO
"AN AUTHORITY OF THE HIGHEST IMPORTANCE"—Winsor
THE
PRESENT STATE
OF THE
EUROPEAN SETTLEMENTS
ON THE
MISSISSIPPI;
WITH
A GEOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION of that RIVER.
ILLUSTRATED BY
PLANS AND DRAUGHTS.
By Captain PHILIP PITTMAN.
LONDON,
Printed for J. NOURSE, Bookseller to His MAJESTY.
MDCCLXX.
Edited with Introduction, Notes, and Index, by
FRANK HEYWOOD HODDER
PROFESSOR OF AMERICAN HISTORY, UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS
This exceedingly rare work was issued in London, in 1770, and has been so much in demand by historical students and collectors of Americana that even imperfect copies of the original are now almost impossible to obtain at any price. Our text is from a perfect copy of the original with all the folding maps and plans carefully reproduced.
* Only two copies have been offered for sale during the past five years; one copy sold at $95.00, and the other is now offered by a reliable firm of booksellers at $105.00.
PITTMAN'S MISSISSIPPI SETTLEMENTS
[Sidenote: _A valuable source work_]
Pittman's _Mississippi Settlements_ contains much valuable original material for the study of the French and Spanish Settlements of old Louisiana, West Florida, and the Illinois country. The author, Captain Philip Pittman, was a British military engineer, and gives an accurate general view of the Mississippi Settlements just after the English came into possession of the eastern half of the valley by the Peace of 1763. His account, written from personal observation, is rich in allusions to the political, social, and military readjustments resulting from this change of possession. "A comprehensive account of the Illinois country and its inhabitants, with sketches in detail of the several French posts and villages situated therein, as personally viewed by him in 1766-67.... It contains, in a compact form, much useful and reliable information (nowhere else to be found) concerning the Mississippi Valley and its people at that transition period."—WALLACE: _Illinois and Louisiana under French Rule._
[Sidenote: _The earliest English account_]
Dr. William F. Poole in Winsor's _Narrative and Critical History of America_ says: "It is the earliest English account of those settlements, and, as an authority in early western history, is of the highest importance. He [Pittman] was a military engineer, and for five years was employed in surveying the Mississippi River and exploring the western country. The excellent plans which accompany the work, artistically engraved on copper, add greatly to its value."
[Sidenote: _Annotation by Professor Hodder_]
An introduction, notes, and index have been supplied by Professor Frank Heywood Hodder, who has made a special study of American historical geography. The value of the reprint is thus enhanced by annotation embodying the results of the latest researches in this field of American history.
* * * * *
The edition is limited to 500 copies, each numbered. It is handsomely printed in large Caslon type on Dickinson's deckle-edged paper. With folding maps and plans. Large 8vo, cloth, uncut, gilt top.
Price $3.00 net.
THE ARTHUR H. CLARK COMPANY
PUBLISHERS CLEVELAND, OHIO
EARLY WESTERN TRAVELS
1748-1846
A Series of Annotated Reprints of some of the best and rarest
contemporary volumes of travel, descriptive of the Aborigines
and Social and Economic Conditions in the Middle and Far West,
during the Period of Early American Settlement.
Edited with Historical, Geographical, Ethnological, and
Bibliographical Notes, and Introductions and Index, by
Reuben Gold Thwaites, LL. D.
With facsimiles of the original title-pages, maps, portraits, views, etc. 31 volumes, large 8vo, cloth, uncut, gilt tops. Price $4.00 net per volume (except the Maximilien Atlas, which is $15.00 net). The edition is limited to 750 complete sets, each numbered and signed; but in addition thereto, a limited number of the volumes will be sold separately.
* * * * *
An Elaborate Analytical Index to the Whole
"_This new series of historical and geographical works by the scholarly editor of 'The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents,' promises to be particularly valuable and of more than usual popular interest. All the books are rare, some of them exceedingly so, no copy being found in the largest collections on this side of the Atlantic, or in many abroad. They are copiously explained and illustrated by introductions and notes, biographical sketches of the authors, bibliographical data, etc._ The series should, of course, be in every public, collegiate, and institutional library, to say nothing of private collections of respectable rank. _The works included naturally vary in literary merit and attractiveness, but many of them will compare favorably with the better class of modern books of travel, while some are as fascinating as the best fiction._"—The Critic.
THE ARTHUR H. CLARK COMPANY
PUBLISHERS CLEVELAND, OHIO
Extracts from a few of the reviews
_American Historical Review:_ "The books are handsomely bound
and printed. The editing by Dr. Thwaites seems to have been
done with his customary care and knowledge. There is no want
of helpful annotations. The books therefore are likely to be
of more real value than the early prints from which they are
taken."
_The Independent:_ "The editor's annotations make the
present series worth possessing, even if one already owns the
originals."
_The Literary Digest:_ "It is next to impossible, at this
late date, even to a well-endowed public library, to amass a
considerable collection of these early travels, so essential
to an adequate understanding of the life and manners of the
aborigines, and the social and economic conditions in the
middle and far West, during the period of early American
settlement. The making of a judicious and competent selection
of the best and rarest of these writings has become an
inevitable requirement; and the patient company of historians,
librarians, and scholars will be quick to congratulate
each other that the great task has fallen to the hands of
so well-equipped an editor as Dr. Thwaites, eminent as an
authority on all questions pertaining to the exploration and
development of our great Western domain."
_The Forum:_ "A most helpful contribution to the study of the
America of a century or so ago."
_The Athenæum:_ "... A series of permanent historical
value ... It ought to find a place in every geographical or
historical library."
_Public Opinion:_ "The century that sets the bounds of this
work is the most important and interesting in the history of
the 'winning of the West;' ... it is comprehensive, and the
materials at the disposal of the editor assure a collection
that will be indispensable to every well-equipped public or
private library."
_The Nation:_ "A stately series, octavo in size,
typographically very open and handsome. The annotations are
abundant and highly valuable."
_New York Times Saturday Review:_ "An invaluable series of
reprints of rare sources of American history."
_The Dial:_ "An undertaking of great interest to every student
of Western history. Exhaustive notes and introductions are by
Dr. Thwaites, the foremost authority on Western history, who
is also to supply an elaborate analytical index, under one
alphabet, to the complete series. This latter is an especially
valuable feature, as almost all the rare originals are without
indexes."
"We cannot thoroughly understand our own history, local or
National, without some knowledge of these routes of trade and
war."—_The Outlook._
The Historic Highways of America
by ARCHER BUTLER HULBERT
A series of monographs on the History of America as portrayed in the evolution of its highways of War, Commerce, and Social Expansion.
Comprising the following volumes:
I—Paths of the Mound-Building Indians and Great Game Animals.
II—Indian Thoroughfares.
III—Washington's Road: The First Chapter of the Old French War.
IV—Braddock's Road.
V—The Old Glade (Forbes's) Road.
VI—Boone's Wilderness Road.
VII—Portage Paths: The Keys of the Continent.
VIII—Military Roads of the Mississippi Basin.
IX—Waterways of Westward Expansion.
X—The Cumberland Road.
XI, XII—Pioneer Roads of America, two volumes.
XIII, XIV—The Great American Canals, two volumes.
XV—The Future of Road-Making in America.
XVI—Index.
Sixteen volumes, crown 8vo, cloth, uncut, gilt tops. A LIMITED EDITION only printed direct from type, and the type distributed. Each volume handsomely printed in large type on Dickinson's hand-made paper, and illustrated with maps, plates, and facsimiles.
Published a volume each two months, beginning September, 1902.
PRICE, volumes 1 and 2, $2.00 net each; volumes 3 to 16, $2.50 net each.
FIFTY SETS PRINTED ON LARGE PAPER, each numbered and _signed by the author_. Bound in cloth, with paper label, uncut, gilt tops. Price, $5.00 net per volume.
"The fruit not only of the study of original historical sources in documents found here and in England, but of patient and enthusiastic topographical studies, in the course of which every foot of these old historic highways has been traced and traversed."—_The Living Age._
"The volumes already issued show Mr. Hulbert to be an earnest and enthusiastic student, and a reliable guide."—_Out West._
"A look through these volumes shows most conclusively that a new source of history is being developed—a source which deals with the operation of the most effective causes influencing human affairs."—_Iowa Journal of History and Politics._
"The successive volumes in the series may certainly be awaited with great interest, for they promise to deal with the most romantic phases of the awakening of America at the dawn of occidental civilization."—_Boston Transcript._
"The publishers have done their part toward putting forth with proper dignity this important work. It is issued on handsome paper and is illustrated with many maps, diagrams, and old prints."—_Chicago Evening Post._
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Audubon's western journal: 1849-1850Chapter X: Appendix: List of Members of the Original Company41
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