Chapter VIII: Page 216

Arrival of Governor Hunter--His efforts for reformation--Advancement
of the Colony towards supplying its own wants--Wild Cattle found--Coal
discovered--Governor's regulations--Incendiarism--Natives
troublesome--Difficulties in governing New South Wales--Crimes
common--Laxity of public opinion--The gaols at Sydney and Paramatta
purposely set on fire--Departure of Governor Hunter--Captain
King succeeds him--Norfolk Island abandoned--Sketch of Norfolk
Island--Settlement of Van Diemen's Land--Free Settlers--Philip
Schoeffer--The Presbyterian Settlers at Portland Head--Resignation
of Governor King--Captain Bligh his successor--Great Flood of
the Hawkesbury--Unpopularity of the Governor--Seizure of his
person--Rebellion--Usurpation--Arrival of a new Governor, Colonel
Macquarie--Improvements in his time--Road-making--Passage across the
Blue Mountains--Public Buildings--Patronage of Emancipists--Discoveries
in the Interior, and Extension of the Colony--Continued neglect of the
spiritual need of the Colonists--Governor Macquarie's Departure--His
own statement of the progress of the Settlement under his
administration.

CHAPTER IX.

[Page 243.]

Subject stated--Day-dreams of Colonization--Local divisions of New
South Wales--Its Counties--Cumberland--Camden--Illawarra and the
Cow Pastures--Argyle--Bathurst--Northumberland--Coal Pits--Hunter's
River--Remaining Counties--Sydney--Port Jackson--Buildings,
&c. of Sydney--Commerce--Public Press--Paramatta--Windsor--Liverpool--
Conclusion.

CHAPTER X.

[Page 266.]

Description of Van Diemen's Land--Its local Divisions--Its general
Character and Aspect--Hobart Town--Launceston--Other Australian
Colonies--Port Phillip--South Australia--Adelaide--Western Australia--
Its Towns--North Australia.

CHAPTER XI.

[Page 286.]

Climate of Australia--Drought--Agriculture--Flocks and Herds--Government
of the Colonies--Discontent--Means of National Improvement--Bishopric
of Australia--Tribute of Thanks justly due to the Whig Government--
Effects of a Bishop being resident in New South Wales--Educational
provision made by George the Fourth--Dr. Lang's Account of it--Judge
Burton's--Church and School Corporation, established in 1826; suspended
in 1829; dissolved in 1833--Causes of this change of Policy--
Conclusion.

CHAPTER XII.

[Page 307.]

Inhabitants of Australian Colonies--What seed has been there sown--
Elements of Society in the Penal Colonies--Convicts--System of
Assignment--Public Gangs--Mr. Potter Macqueen's Establishment--Norfolk
Island and its horrors--These have been mitigated of late years--Means
of reforming Convicts--Prevalence of Vice among them--The class of
Convicts called _specials_ described.

CHAPTER XIII.

[Page 325.]

Emancipists--Their general Character--Their conduct in the Jurors' Box
no argument in favour of bestowing upon them a Representative
Government--Free Population--Ancient Nobility of Botany Bay--Prevailing
taste in New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land--Love of Gain--Land
Sharks--Squatters--Overlanders.