Chapter II: Part 2

expansion coils, the wires H, H¹ will be pulled in the direction indicated by the arrows, the ends of the long arms of the levers L, L--through the movement of the shafts J, J--will rise, thereby, through the rods 40, 41, link 39 and rods 38, 37, raising the lever 35, and through the rod 34 actuating the pawl carrier 33, and through the pawls 31, 32, imparting rotary motion to the ratchet wheel 30, and, through it, to the shaft 18 and the power-storing wheel 19, said pawl carrier being returned to its normal position by the weight 36ª. Motion of said wheel and shaft in the reverse direction is prevented by means of a ratchet wheel 42, keyed to the collar 29, engaging the teeth of which wheel is a detent 43, carried by a plate 44, secured to the supports 45, affixed to the standard 16ª.

The hub member 26 of the power transmission wheel 24 is provided with a sprocket wheel 46, which is adapted to engage and drive a sprocket chain 47, and thereby drive the great wheel of a clock mechanism or gearing of any other machine adapted to the purpose.

Having shown the mechanism for driving the energy-storing wheel 19, which, as already stated, is keyed to the shaft 18, I will now describe the mechanism for driving the power transmission wheel 24, which runs loose on the shaft 18.

It will be seen from an inspection of Fig. 16 that the wheel 19 is of greater diameter than the wheel 24.

Suitably mounted between said wheels, on cross-bars 48, 49, I provide a series of ball-storage runways designated in whole at 50 (see Fig. 14), and, as shown in Fig. 16, these runways are laterally inclined downwardly from the wheel 19 to the wheel 24.

Similar ball runways designated in whole at 51 are provided at the lower portion of said wheels and between the same (Fig. 20), being mounted upon cross-bars 52, 53, but the last named runways are laterally inclined in the reverse direction to that of the runways 50.

The ball-storage runways 50 comprise inclined floor members 54, 54ª, 54^{b}, each having longitudinally a slight downward inclination in the direction of the arrows. These runways also comprise longitudinally extending walls 55, 56, 57, 58, one end of the wall 55 being curved to meet one end of the wall 57, leaving a passageway 59 between it and one end of the wall 56. One end of the wall 58 is similarly curved to meet one end of the wall 56, leaving a passageway 60 between it and one end of the wall 57. Thus are provided parallel runways 61, 62 and 63, with passageways from one to the other, whereby a ball deposited in runway 61 will move continuously from that end of the series of runways to the other end. The runway 61 is provided with an end wall 61ª, and adjacent thereto the longitudinal wall 55 is provided with an opening 61^{b} to permit the passage therethrough successively of balls from the energy-storing wheel 19 to the runway 61.

Projecting through the standard 16^{b} is a threaded bolt 63ª, the end of the shank of which is beveled, as clearly shown in Figs. 14 and 16, the function of which is to eject from the uppermost pocket 22 of the wheel 19, as the same revolves, the balls 23, and thrust them successively into the runway 61.

At the lower end of the runway 63 is provided a laterally movable receptacle 64, which has a receiving capacity of one ball only. Said receptacle comprises a base 65 and perpendicular stop 66. The base 65 is connected to the floor member 54^{b} of the runway 63 by a horizontally disposed hinge 67, and to it is also affixed a plate 68, carrying a downwardly extending lever arm 69, which is formed at its lower extremity with an outwardly curving portion 70, which is adapted to engage with the spokes 25 of the wheel 24 and be thereby pressed inwardly, the result of which is to depress the outer end of the base 65 of the ball receptacle 64, inclining the same in such position that the ball therein will fall into the adjacent pocket of the wheel 24, the ball being prevented from falling therefrom on the opposite side by the stop 71 secured to the standard 16ª. The center of gravity of the lever arm 69 is such that when the curved lower portion is in its normal forwardly extended position the rear side of the base 65 of the receptacle 64 will be depressed and the forward side elevated, so that the forward side will normally project above the floor level of the runway 63 and serve as a stop to prevent more than one ball occupying any of the space within said receptacle at one time.

The ball-storage runways 51 comprise inclined floor members 72, 72ª, 72^{b}, each having a slight downward inclination longitudinally in the direction of the arrows. They also comprise longitudinally extending walls 73,

BANGERTER’S PERPETUAL TIME CLOCK]

74, 75 and 76, one end of the wall 73 being curved to meet one end of the wall 75, leaving a passageway 77 between it and one end of the wall 74. One end of the wall 76 is similarly curved to meet one end of the wall 74, leaving a passageway 78 between it and the other end of the wall 75. There are thus formed parallel runways 79, 80 and 81, with passageways from one to the other, whereby a ball deposited at the other end of the runway 79 will move continuously from that end of the series of runways to the other end. The runway 79 is provided with an end wall 82, and adjacent thereto the longitudinal wall 76 is provided with an opening 76ª to permit the passage therethrough, at intervals, of balls from the power-transmission wheel 24 to the runway 79. Adjacent the wall 82 is perpendicularly disposed pin 82ª whereby the balls, as they pass through the opening in the wall 76 are deflected to pass through the runway 79 in the direction of the arrow.

At the lower end of the runway 81 is provided a laterally movable receptacle 83, which has a receiving capacity for one ball only. Said receptacle comprises a base 84 and end stop 85. Said receptacle is horizontally hinged at 86 to the floor member 72 of the runway 81, and is provided with an outward extension 87, which is adapted to be engaged by a shoulder 88 on the ball pockets 22, and thereby depress the outer edge of the base of the receptacle in such a way as to eject the ball therefrom, and place the same in the pocket of the wheel 19.

It will be seen that the hinge 86 (Fig. 19) is off center and when the base 84 of the receptacle 83 is depressed at the rear the upper end of a pin 89, projecting upwardly from the base 84 contacts with the upper portion of the wall 74, thereby preventing the rear portion of the base being depressed too low. When a ball is in said receptacle, the forward end will be elevated so that a portion of the side edge of the base will be projected above the floor member of the runway 81, serving as a stop to prevent more than one ball occupying any of the space within said receptacle. When one ball moves into a pocket 22, another ball quickly moves into the receptacle, taking its position at the rear thereof. This operation takes place when the base 84 is level with the floor member of the runway 81, the outer end of the base rising as soon as the pocket and its ball have passed by the projection 87.

It will be seen that the energy-storing wheel 19, which takes its motive power through the shaft 18 from the expansion coils, acts to raise the balls or weights from the lower ball runways 51 to the ball storage runways 50. The wheel 19 may act at more or less irregular intervals, while the power transmission wheel 24 acts--and must act--continuously and regularly. This wheel takes and transmits power from the lowering of the balls, which are delivered to it when the pockets are in the position of the one shown uppermost in Fig. 15, and are discharged from the pockets when in the position of the one shown lowermost in said figure, in which position of the wheel the approximately flat surface of the pocket (Fig. 18) is lowermost, or under the ball, permitting ready discharge of same. From the delivery side of the power transmission wheel 24 the balls are discharged into the runway 79, being deflected into proper direction by the pin 83ª, thence passing through the passageway 78 through the runway 80 in the direction of the arrow, thence through the opening 77 into the runway 81, thence into receptacle 83, and when the shoulder 88 of the energy-storing wheel 19 reaches a point opposite said receptacle the base of the latter is depressed, which results in passing a ball into the wheel pocket; as the wheel turns and the next pocket arrives in position another ball is taken on, and so on, as long as there are any balls in the lower runway. When a ball on the wheel 19 reaches the uppermost position, as shown in Fig. 16, it contacts with the ejector 63ª and is thereby passed into the runway 61 and thence to the lower end of that series of runways, and in the same way the balls following will take position in the upper series of runways.

It will be understood that when my invention is applied to the operation of a clock the power taken from the power transmission wheel 24 will be given up gradually, being controlled by the pendulum or balance wheel governed escapement in the usual way.

In the application of my invention as last above described the apparatus will be designed and built to furnish energy sufficient not only to run the clock, but provide a surplus for storage. On some days the variation in temperature may be but two or three degrees, and on

BANGERTER’S PERPETUAL TIME CLOCK]

other days it may be as high as twenty degrees. If the clock requires for its operation the lowering of three balls each day the apparatus will be so arranged that with an average daily temperature variation of, say, six degrees, four balls will be raised, of which three will operate the power transmission wheel and one will be held in storage. With a variation of twelve degrees, eight balls will be raised, of which five balls will be left in storage. If the ball storage runways each have a holding capacity for one hundred balls, and the variation in temperature is greater than required, the balls will soon be lifted from the lower to the upper runways. Assuming that on certain days there will be no variation in temperature, and as a result the energy-storing wheel should not revolve, the running of the clock will not be interrupted, for the power transmission wheel will continue revolving, taking its power from the balls in storage.

I wish it understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details of construction and arrangement of parts as herein set forth and described or to the materials specified, as modification and variation may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

BANGERTER’S PERPETUAL TIME CLOCK]

_Fig. 14._

_Fig. 15._

BANGERTER’S PERPETUAL TIME CLOCK]

_Fig. 16._

BANGERTER’S PERPETUAL TIME CLOCK]

_Fig. 17._

_Fig. 18._

_Fig. 19._

_Fig. 20._

BANGERTER’S PERPETUAL TIME CLOCK]

Patent Applied for, 1911.]

BANGERTER’S NON-ELECTRIC REGULATOR

TIME CLOCK

ANNIVERSARY SELF-WINDING

The Bangerter Anniversary Self-Winding Regulator deserves this title because its construction embodies all the principles essential to a Regulator to be the very best time-keeper. “Graham dead-beat escapement” and a pendulum provided with means for keeping its gravity always the same length, overcoming the variation which change in temperature invariably brings about.

Another great improvement is the daily Self-Winding System, winding a weight which is the only means of maintaining an even pull to the delicate works of the clock. Wound by a force which requires attention one minute a year only.

This invention relates to clocks, and particularly that class wherein a pendulum escapement is employed and wherein the clock-train is weight driven.

It is well known to those skilled in the art that the most accurate and reliable clocks are those which are driven by a weight. Most of such clocks are provided with a plurality of weights, one being used to supply the energy necessary to strike the time, and the other the energy for operating the clock-train, and in clocks of such construction they have to be wound frequently, usually either daily or weekly.

Many attempts have been made to produce clocks which will run for a relatively long time without requiring the attention of an attendant to wind the same. In such clocks (other than electrical clocks) powerful springs have been employed, one of such springs being used for time-striking and the other for actuating the clock-train. Clocks of this class designed to run for an extended length of time, such, for example, as period of, say, a year or more, have been indifferent time-keepers, due to the fact that the power of the springs becomes materially lessened during the latter part of the cycle of operations. Therefore, spring-operated clocks, calculated to be run for any great length of time, have been more or less unsatisfactory, and have not gone into very extensive use.

The object of my invention is to provide a clock which will not require the attention of an attendant but once in a long period of time, and which will also be an accurate time-keeper.

A further object is to provide a clock operated by a uniformly pulling weight, the pull of which is not varied by the lifting of said weight.

A further object is to provide a power-storage device and power transmission mechanism and automatic devices connected thereto, whereby the power of said power-storage mechanism is utilized to wind up the clock--that is to say, to lift the clock-train operating weight at certain definitely recurring intervals of time.

A further object of my invention is to provide, in connection with such power-storage mechanism, time-striking means operated by said power-storage device, which being independent of the clock-train operating means does not interfere therewith.

A further object of my invention is to provide a single power-storage mechanism which will afford the power to strike the time and effect the winding of the clock, doing away with two sets of mechanism (one for each purpose), as heretofore used.

A further object of my invention is to provide such a power-storage device that with one winding of the same the clock may be kept running, and also striking the time, for a year or more in duration.

A further object of my invention is to provide means in connection with said power-storage device whereby the winding of the clock-train does not interfere with continuous running and perfect time-keeping of the clock, and does not require any supplemental propelling mechanism for the clock-train during the winding operation.

DRAWING OF BANGERTER’S SELF-WINDING CLOCK.]

This is the most marvelous little machine that science has ever devised to watch your house day and night. It is the truest of all Watch Dogs and will in case of fire make such a loud and noisy alarm that you will wake up from the deepest of sleeps. It calls when the fire is at its infancy, in time to save you and your beloved ones. It is a most simple little apparatus requiring no electricity, no wiring or connections, no care of any kind; just as reliable after it has been hanging in your room for twenty years as it was when newly installed.]

More than a hundred million dollars is the yearly loss by fire in the United States; 50 per cent. of this loss is by water. How important therefore is Bangerter’s “Watch Dog Fire Alarm and Sprinkler,” regulated to ring, first a loud call when a fire is in its infancy. A watchman or anyone hearing the call can rush to the place and extinguish the fire. The sprinkler will only work when the alarm call is not attended to. Our Fire Alarm and Sprinkler system can be connected to piping from the water main, or to the tank on the roof of a building, but can also be installed in any place if there should be no water piping or tank. In this case a water tank of from twenty to one hundred gallons of water has to be installed. This tank can be set in any out of the way place. Compressed air keeps this water under high pressure, and in case of fire the valves are automatically opened and the sprinkler will act with efficacious result.]

BRIEF BIOGRAPHY

OF

FRIEDRICH BANGERTER

Friedrich Bangerter can justly lay claim to being one of this country’s leading inventors.

He has some fifty inventions to his credit.

He has been honored with Silver and Gold Medals and Diplomas.

His displays at great World’s Expositions have occasioned the utmost favorable comment.

His splendid record speaks for itself and shows the profound student, the practical machinist and brainy inventor of worldwide experience with a long list of successes to his credit.

Born in Lyss, Switzerland, in 1868, at the age of 16 he entered the machine shop of his town’s watch factory as an apprentice. There he was favored with the opportunity to become familiar with all sorts of tools and machines used in making watches.

By the age of 22 he so progressed that “all by himself” he constructed all the necessary machines to make watches and added so many important improvements, embracing such automatic devices and machines in which hands, moving from place to place, picking up pieces of work, then setting them in the right positions (operating with such perfection and precision) that he was called a wizard. One of these automatic machines would pick up blanks from a wire, set them in the machine from one to twenty-four at a time and cut the teeth of watch gearing perfectly.

Another of Bangerter’s machines would take small, smooth, round steel rods and automatically make perfectly finished pinions with pivots, shoulders and smallest holes.

An automatic trumpet of his invention would play a complete tune and was so simple in operation that a one-year-old child, by simply blowing in it, could play it.

United States Patent 543668 for a Hair Clipper, issued to F. Bangerter, San Francisco, is specified as follows:--

543668. Hair Clipper. Fred Bangerter, San Francisco, Cal., assignor, by mesne assignments, to Charles H. Greene, same place. Filed July 21, 1894. Renewed July 2, 1895. Serial No. 554,715. (No model.)

Claim 1. In a Hair Clipper, the combination of the stationary and movable plates, a pair of pivoted handles, one of said handles being hinged or connected with one of said plates so that the device may be turned to different angles, an opposing plate having its rear portion recessed and provided with rearwardly and upwardly extending curved arms, and the other handle having arms adapted to enter the recess of said plate and engage the curved arms thereof in whatever position the device is turned.

In 1892 he exhibited an automatic figure in a big department store in San Francisco which drew a complete portrait of Christopher Columbus.

United States Patent 512089 was issued to Mr. Bangerter for an “Automatic Delineating Machine,” a toy doll which would correctly write the complete alphabet. Later he so improved this figure that it could spell and talk while writing.

At the Paris Exposition in 1900 he exhibited a most remarkable machine which made collar buttons. Three rods of metal were used at the same time--one to make the head of the button, one the bottom or base, and the other the stud. The three parts of the collar button were perfectly made and finished.

The head was drilled and tapped, the stud was threaded and screwed into the head while spun into the base or bottom. The manufactured collar buttons fell into a box at the rate of 300 an hour--thus effecting a great economy of metal.

In 1905, at the Belgium Exposition, he displayed an intensely interesting novelty--an “Automatic Jeweler"--which, with arm and hand, operated an ordinary machine which turned out perfectly made collar buttons of which thousands were sold within the Exposition Grounds.

A most marvelous contrivance was his four-spindle

Composed of Over Three Thousand Parts.]

automatic watch chain machine composed of over three thousand parts.

This machine made from wire of four different metals, namely, gold, silver, nickel and German silver, being fed into the machine at the same time would automatically make four watch chains of four different patterns completely and properly finished. The chain itself, an invention of Mr. Bangerter, was called the Bangerter Chain. Patent sold in France.

BANGERTER’S POWDERLESS GUN.

Invention which THE LONDON DAILY TELEGRAPH calls the Bangerter Gun, a marvel and masterpiece for war.

NEW YORK HERALD:--

Automatic Invention Operated by Secret Mechanical Power Is Tested
at Stapleton, S. I.

A working model of an automatic machine gun which, it is said, will
discharge bullets over a range of a mile or more at the rate of one
million an hour, with a muzzle velocity of more than 3,000 feet per
second, and operated by a secret mechanical power, was demonstrated
yesterday by the inventor, Friedrich Bangerter.

The model, which was built to shoot a three-eighth-inch bullet, was
mounted behind a partition in the factory at 79 Broad St.,
Stapleton, S. I. All the motive parts were covered by a tarpaulin,
and the machine was run by an electric motor, connected with the
gun by a belt.

The muzzle was pointed through a hole in a partition, and the
observers having gathered behind a screen, the motor was started.

The target, a pine board, was placed sixty feet away. As the motor
began to hum the operator turned a little wheel and a steady stream
of bullets poured from the muzzle of the gun like a stream of water
from the nozzle of a hose. The target seemed to melt before the
eyes as all the missiles struck it, and in about 10 seconds the
entire centre of the board had disappeared. This model was built
for round bullets, but the inventor says that on a standard make
gun, which will have a half-inch bore, conical bullets will be
fired and the barrels, of which there will be two, will be rifled.

The principal use of the new gun, according to the inventor’s
claim, will be for operating against airships, and, as there is no
recoil, he says, the gun can be pointed toward any point of the
compass.

NEW YORK TIMES:--

A Wonderful Gun.--A million bullets an hour can be fired without
powder.... It really does shoot.... Reporters see wooden targets
torn to bits, but the inventor won’t let them see the works.

A gun that can shoot one million bullets per hour at a cost of $20,
that uses neither powder nor compressed air, and that fires bullets
that do not require shells, was shot for the enlightenment of a
delegation of New York reporters yesterday afternoon. The reporters
saw the gun shoot, but they were not permitted to see that part of
the gun out of which the little steel bullets came with such
rapidity. The exhibition was in the factory building at No. 79
Broad street, Stapleton, S. I. In a little room adjoining that in
which were placed the reporters was the gun. There were targets
made of a series of big boards arranged about a foot behind one in
front of it. There were four targets.

At 4 p. m. the shooting began. The first of the targets was dragged
into position. A moment later the motor started up, then the
bullets started to fly. They riddled the target into a pile of
splinters a foot high, and they did it in less than a minute. All
in all, it was estimated that 15,000 bullets pierced the targets.
Not only the first of the targets was riddled into a shapeless
mass, but each of the other three as well.

The reporters were permitted then to enter the gun-room. They saw a
motor, from the wheel of which a belt was operated. The belt
connected the motor with another wheel, which was a part of the
mechanism of the gun, on top of which was a covering out of which
the bullets came. They also saw the hoppers on either side of the
gun into which the bullets are poured as they are needed. The
reporters asked to see the gun in operation. The inventor ordered
another target swung into position. There was another whirl and a
second storm of bullets struck the target. The fusillade lasted
about ten seconds. Again was the target demolished. The

A Great Combination of Cams and Levers.]

inventor refused to say anything about what was under the covering
in the little gun-room.

Wall Street brokers had offered Mr. Bangerter the necessary capital
to build a standard size gun, but Mr. Bangerter soon found out that
their plans were to get the secret of his invention and take it
from him. He therefore separated from these brokers and has had
nothing to do with them since. He has kept his secrets and has
remained true to the words he declared which were published in the
New York World of March 1st, 1908, that if he does not make money
out of his invention nobody else shall.

Army officers and scientific men marvelled at the great results of
Bangerter’s model gun. Before the tests no one believed in its
success, declaring it impossible. Mr. Bangerter has never applied
for a patent for this invention, as he intended to sell the secrets
to a government, and therefore kept the plans carefully.

Naturally everyone was still skeptical as to the outcome of a
standard-size gun, and to show to those who kept an eye on him that
impossibilities of yesterday are made the realities of to-day, he
centered his mind on another impossibility--his Perpetual
Clock--while apparently forgetting his gun for a year.

“Perpetual Motion the Folly of All Ages” has become an eloquent
reality.

A crowning result of his strenuous labor on this marvelous clock
was the outcome of three other inventions which the studies in a
large field of problems have brought to life as his anniversary
self-winding clock, his fire alarm and sprinkler apparatus. These
inventions and others not here mentioned, owing to lack of space,
stamp Friedrich Bangerter as a most unusual and fertile-minded
inventor.

His crowning achievement in inventing that marvel of marvels--

BANGERTER’S PERPETUAL TIME CLOCK

has therefore a background of brilliant accomplishments, profound
studies and many natural abilities behind a work that shall ever
establish his fame as inventor of The Perpetual Clock.

This Automatic Jeweler Making Collar Buttons at the Belgian World
Exposition, 1905, Often Mistaken for a Living Man. Thousands of
Collar Buttons of His Make Were Sold Within the Exposition Grounds.]

Mr. Bangerter conceived the plans of his airship in 1898 and deposited the plans in France in March, 1905.

By his principles the basket, engine and traveler being about fifteen feet below the planes, it is an absolute impossibility for it to turn turtle, either by wind or storm. The four planes automatically acting as parachutes in case of descending. This airship can rise vertically and keep steady at any height, permitting the dropping of explosives with accuracy after having aimed and regulated its position.]

View of Targets Which Thousands of Bullets Have Pierced.

Thickness of the Targets, 2½ inch. Time, 20 seconds.]

THE McCONNELL PRINTING CO.

NEW YORK