Chapter IV: Part 4

At Point Barrow (June 21, 1952), the most northerly extension of land on the Arctic Slope of northern Alaska, five pairs of snow bunting were nesting in abandoned subterranean Eskimo houses. The houses were in different stages of deterioration from one almost usable by man to one that was no more than a flattened mound. Sides of some houses were exposed by the sea cliff that was advancing inland. Logs and skulls of baleen whales had been set on end for walls, and mandibles and ribs of whales had been used as rafters. This framework had been covered with tundra sod. Most of the nests were between the roof support and the upper ends of the whale skulls. Each nest contained five fresh eggs and was completely protected from rain, sun and wind. One nest weighed 24 grams and measured (in millimeters) 155 wide, 68 high, 38 in depth of cup, 70 in width of cup, and was in the brain cavity of the cranium. Another nest on top of a skull in the interior room, weighed 24 grams. This nest was built upon material of a nest of the previous year. The old material weighed four grams and the new inner mass weighed 20 grams. The new nest consisted of successive layers of new yellow grass stems and feathers. The lining of the cup had feathers in the 20 mm-thick layer of fine hairlike plant fibers. The feathers were from birds larger than the bunting. The nest was well insulated in comparison with those of the Lapland longspur, but like most of those had the cup offset toward the inner side of the nest, and more nest material of large size outward toward the entrance, than elsewhere. In the same area, especially in grass on and around low mounds, there were approximately 50 brown lemmings (18 lemming nests examined), many of which used the mounds inhabited by the bunting. On August 26, in the same area at Point Barrow, we noted 28 birds feeding and resting but on September 11 found none there.

A nest of five young (July 4, 1951) at a place 1/5 mile south of the Arctic Research Laboratory was under an overhanging ledge of an unused burrow of a brown lemming. The burrow had been excavated by lemmings on a mound of earth thrown up by a bulldozer. An adult female snow bunting was carrying insects to the nest and fecal pellets away from it. Another nest of five young (July 4) was in a fifty gallon oil drum. An adult female gained entrance to the nest through a small hole on the side of the container, the only hole present. Other nests on this date were examined that contained both eggs and young, or eggs, or young. Most of these nests were in holes in the ground or under the protection of overhanging ledges of earth. On July 4, snow buntings were in their black and white plumage, but on July 27, were in brown-white plumage.

At Topagaruk (July 5, 1951) a nest containing young birds fully feathered was noted five feet above the ground in a horizontal pipe six inches in diameter. One dead bird, two to three days old, was in the water and mud at the base of the stack of pipes. Other young birds from other family groups had short tails and were capable of feeble flight. Adults were seen only in the immediate vicinity of the camp.

The average weight of four adult males shot in the period July 6-10, 1951, was 36 grams. The average length of their testes was 9.2(7.0-11.0) mm.

At Kaolak (July 21-27, 1951) we did not see the snow bunting. The camp, however, was built the previous winter and was inhabited (July 10) for the first time in summer. The birds were at Topagaruk, our collecting station next nearest to the eastward in the same general type of environment and we assumed that eventually the birds would become established at Kaolak.

A juvenal female shot on August 1, 1952, at Mount Mary was 183 mm long and weighed 34 grams.

_Transmitted November 14, 1957._

UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS

MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

Institutional libraries interested in publications exchange may obtain this series by addressing the Exchange Librarian, University of Kansas Library, Lawrence, Kansas. Copies for individuals, persons working in a particular field of study, may be obtained by addressing instead the Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas. There is no provision for sale of this series by the University Library which meets institutional requests, or by the Museum of Natural History which meets the requests of individuals. However, when individuals request copies from the Museum, 25 cents should be included, for each separate number that is 100 pages or more in length, for the purpose of defraying the costs of wrapping and mailing.

* An asterisk designates those numbers of which the Museum's
supply (not the Library's supply) is exhausted. Numbers published
to date, in this series, are as follows:

Vol. 1, Nos. 1-26 and index. Pp. 1-638, 1946-1950.

*Vol 2. (Complete) Mammals of Washington. By Walter W. Dalquest.
Pp. 1-444, 140 figures in text. April 9, 1948.

Vol. 3. *1. The avifauna of Micronesia, its origin, evolution, and
distribution. By Rollin H. Baker. Pp. 1-359, 16 figures
in text. June 12, 1951.

*2. A quantitative study of the nocturnal migration of birds.
By George H. Lowery, Jr. Pp. 361-472, 47 figures in text.
June 29, 1951.

3. Phylogeny of the waxwings and allied birds. By M. Dale
Arvey. Pp. 473-530, 49 figures in text, 13 tables.
October 10, 1951.

4. Birds from the state of Veracruz, Mexico. By George H.
Lowery, Jr. and Walter W. Dalquest. Pp. 531-649,
7 figures in text, 2 tables. October 10, 1951.

Index. Pp. 651-681.

*Vol. 4. (Complete) American weasels. By E. Raymond Hall. Pp. 1-466,
41 plates, 31 figures in text. December 27, 1951.

Vol. 5. 1. Preliminary survey of a Paleocene faunule from the
Angels Peak area, New Mexico. By Robert W. Wilson.
Pp. 1-11, 1 figure in text. February 24, 1951.

2. Two new moles (Genus Scalopus) from Mexico and Texas.
By Rollin H. Baker. Pp. 17-24. February 28, 1951.

3. Two new pocket gophers from Wyoming and Colorado.
By E. Raymond Hall and H. Gordon Montague. Pp. 25-32.
February 28, 1951.

4. Mammals obtained by Dr. Curt von Wedel from the barrier
beach of Tamaulipas, Mexico. By E. Raymond Hall.
Pp. 33-47, 1 figure in text. October 1, 1951.

5. Comments on the taxonomy and geographic distribution of
some North American rabbits. By E. Raymond Hall and
Keith R. Kelson. Pp. 49-58. October 1, 1951.

6. Two new subspecies of Thomomys bottae from New Mexico
and Colorado. By Keith R. Kelson. Pp. 59-71, 1 figure in
text. October 1, 1951.

7. A new subspecies of Microtus montanus from Montana and
comments on Microtus canicaudus Miller. By E. Raymond
Hall and Keith R. Kelson. Pp. 73-79. October 1, 1951.

8. A new pocket gopher (Genus Thomomys) from eastern
Colorado. By E. Raymond Hall. Pp. 81-85. October 1, 1951.

9. Mammals taken along the Alaskan Highway. By Rollin H.
Baker. Pp. 87-117, 1 figure in text. November 28, 1951.

*10. A synopsis of the North American Lagomorpha. By E.
Raymond Hall. Pp. 119-202, 68 figures in text.
December 15, 1951.

11. A new pocket mouse (Genus Perognathus) from Kansas.
By E. Lendell Cockrum. Pp. 203-206. December 15, 1951.

12. Mammals from Tamaulipas, Mexico. By Rollin H. Baker.
Pp. 207-218. December 15, 1951.

13. A new pocket gopher (Genus Thomomys) from Wyoming and
Colorado. By E. Raymond Hall. Pp. 219-222.
December 15, 1951.

14. A new name for the Mexican red bat. By E. Raymond Hall.
Pp. 223-226. December 15, 1951.

15. Taxonomic notes on Mexican bats of the Genus Rhogeessa.
By E. Raymond Hall. Pp. 227-232. April 10, 1952.

16. Comments on the taxonomy and geographic distribution of
some North American woodrats (Genus Neotoma). By Keith R.
Kelson. Pp. 233-242. April 10, 1952.

17. The subspecies of the Mexican red-bellied squirrel,
Sciurus aureogaster. By Keith R. Kelson. Pp. 243-250,
1 figure in text. April 10, 1952.

18. Geographic range of Peromyscus melanophrys, with
description of new subspecies. By Rollin H. Baker.
Pp. 251-258, 1 figure in text. May 10, 1952.

19. A new chipmunk (Genus Eutamias) from the Black Hills.
By John A. White. Pp. 259-262. April 10, 1952.

20. A new pinyon mouse (Peromyscus truei) from Durango,
Mexico. By Robert B. Finley, Jr. Pp. 263-267.
May 23, 1952.

21. An annotated checklist of Nebraskan bats. By Olin L.
Webb and J. Knox Jones, Jr. Pp. 269-279. May 31, 1952.

22. Geographic variation in red-backed mice (Genus
Clethrionomys) of the southern Rocky Mountain region.
By E. Lendell Cockrum and Kenneth L. Fitch. Pp. 281-292,
1 figure in text. November 15, 1952.

23. Comments on the taxonomy and geographic distribution of
North American microtines. By E. Raymond Hall and
E. Lendell Cockrum. Pp. 293-312. November 17, 1952.

24. The subspecific status of two Central American sloths.
By E. Raymond Hall and Keith R. Kelson. Pp. 313-337.
November 21, 1952.

25. Comments on the taxonomy and geographic distribution of
some North American marsupials, insectivores, and
carnivores. By E. Raymond Hall and Keith R. Kelson.
Pp. 319-341. December 5, 1952.

26. Comments on the taxonomy and geographic distribution of
some North American rodents. By E. Raymond Hall and
Keith R. Kelson. Pp. 343-371. December 15, 1952.

27. A synopsis of the North American microtine rodents.
By E. Raymond Hall and E. Lendell Cockrum. Pp. 373-498,
149 figures in text. January 15, 1953.

28. The pocket gophers (Genus Thomomys) of Coahuila, Mexico.
By Rollin H. Baker. Pp. 499-514, 1 figure in text.
June 1, 1953.

29. Geographic distribution of the pocket mouse, Perognathus
fasciatus. By J. Knox Jones, Jr. Pp. 515-526, 7 figures
in text. August 1, 1953.

30. A new subspecies of wood rat (Neotoma mexicana) from
Colorado. By Robert B. Finley, Jr. Pp. 527-534, 2 figures
in text. August 15, 1953.

31. Four new pocket gophers of the genus Cratogeomys from
Jalisco, Mexico. By Robert J. Russell. Pp. 535-542.
October 15, 1953.

32. Genera and subgenera of chipmunks. By John A. White.
Pp. 543-561, 12 figures in text. December 1, 1953.

33. Taxonomy of the chipmunks, Eutamias quadrivittatus and
Eutamias umbrinus. By John A. White. Pp. 563-582,
6 figures in text. December 1, 1953.

34. Geographic distribution and taxonomy of the chipmunks of
Wyoming. By John A. White. Pp. 584-610, 3 figures in text.
December 1, 1953.

35. The baculum of the chipmunks of western North America.
By John A. White. Pp. 611-631, 19 figures in text.
December 1, 1953.

36. Pleistocene Soricidae from San Josecito Cave, Nuevo Leon,
Mexico. By James S. Findley. Pp. 633-639. December 1, 1953.

37. Seventeen species of bats recorded from Barro Colorado
Island, Panama Canal Zone. By E. Raymond Hall and
William B. Jackson. Pp. 641-646. December 1, 1953.

Index. Pp. 647-676.

Vol. 6. (Complete) Mammals of Utah, _taxonomy and distribution_.
By Stephen D. Durrant. Pp. 1-549, 91 figures in text,
30 tables. August 10, 1952.

Vol. 7. *1. Mammals of Kansas. By E. Lendell Cockrum. Pp. 1-303,
73 figures in text, 37 tables. August 25, 1952.

2. Ecology of the opossum on a natural area in northeastern
Kansas. By Henry S. Fitch and Lewis L. Sandidge.
Pp. 305-338, 5 figures in text. August 24, 1953.

3. The silky pocket mice (Perognathus flavus) of Mexico.
By Rollin H. Baker. Pp. 339-347, 1 figure in text.
February 15, 1954.

4. North American jumping mice (Genus Zapus). By Philip H.
Krutzsch. Pp. 349-472, 47 figures in text, 4 tables.
April 21, 1954.

5. Mammals from Southeastern Alaska. By Rollin H. Baker and
James S. Findley. Pp. 473-477. April 21, 1954.

6. Distribution of Some Nebraskan Mammals. By J. Knox Jones,
Jr. Pp. 479-487. April 21, 1954.

7. Subspeciation in the montane meadow mouse, Microtus
montanus, in Wyoming and Colorado. By Sydney Anderson.
Pp. 489-506, 2 figures in text. July 23, 1954.

8. A new subspecies of bat (Myotis velifer) from
southeastern California and Arizona. By Terry A. Vaughn.
Pp. 507-512. July 23, 1954.

9. Mammals of the San Gabriel mountains of California.
By Terry A. Vaughn. Pp. 513-582, 1 figure in text,
12 tables. November 15, 1954.

10. A new bat (Genus Pipistrellus) from northeastern Mexico.
By Rollin H. Baker. Pp. 583-586. November 15, 1954.

11. A new subspecies of pocket mouse from Kansas. By
E. Raymond Hall. Pp. 587-590. November 15, 1954.

12. Geographic variation in the pocket gopher, Cratogeomys
castanops, in Coahuila, Mexico. By Robert J. Russell and
Rollin H. Baker. Pp. 591-608. March 15, 1955.

13. A new cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus) from
northeastern Mexico. By Rollin H. Baker. Pp. 609-612.
April 8, 1955.

14. Taxonomy and distribution of some American shrews.
By James S. Findley. Pp. 613-618. June 10, 1955.

15. The pigmy woodrat, Neotoma goldmani, its distribution
and systematic position. By Dennis G. Rainey and Rollin
H. Baker. Pp. 619-624, 2 figs. in text. June 10, 1955.

Index. Pp. 625-651.

Vol 8. 1. Life history and ecology of the five-lined skink,
Eumeces fasciatus. By Henry S. Fitch. Pp. 1-156, 26 figs.
in text. September 1, 1954.

2. Myology and serology of the Avian Family Fringillidae, a
taxonomic study. By William B. Stallcup. Pp. 157-211,
23 figures in text, 4 tables. November 15, 1954.

3. An ecological study of the collared lizard (Crotaphytus
collaris). By Henry S. Fitch. Pp. 213-274, 10 figures in
text. February 10, 1956.

4. A field study of the Kansas ant-eating frog, Gastrophryne
olivacea. By Henry S. Fitch. Pp. 275-306, 9 figures in
text. February 10, 1956.

5. Check-list of the birds of Kansas. By Harrison B.
Tordoff. Pp. 307-359, 1 figure in text. March 10, 1956.

6. A population study of the prairie vole (Microtus
ochrogaster) in northeastern Kansas. By Edwin P. Martin.
Pp. 361-416, 19 figures in text. April 2, 1956.

7. Temperature responses in free-living amphibians and
reptiles of northeastern Kansas. By Henry S. Fitch.
Pp. 417-476, 10 figures in text, 6 tables. June 1, 1956.

8. Food of the crow, Corvus brachyrhynchos Brehm, in
south-central Kansas. By Dwight Platt. Pp. 477-498,
4 tables. June 8, 1956.

9. Ecological observations on the woodrat, Neotoma
floridana. By Henry S. Fitch and Dennis G. Rainey.
Pp. 499-533, 3 figures in text. June 12, 1956.

10. Eastern woodrat, Neotoma floridana: Life history and
ecology. By Dennis G. Rainey. Pp. 535-646, 12 plates,
13 figures in text August 15, 1956.

Index. Pp. 647-675.

Vol. 9. 1. Speciation of the wandering shrew. By James S. Findley.
Pp. 1-68, 18 figures in text. December 10, 1955.

2. Additional records and extensions of ranges of mammals
from Utah. By Stephen D. Durrant, M. Raymond Lee, and
Richard M. Hansen. Pp. 69-80. December 10, 1955.

3. A new long-eared myotis (Myotis evotis) from northeastern
Mexico. By Rollin H. Baker and Howard J. Stains.
Pp. 81-84. December 10, 1955.

4. Subspeciation in the meadow mouse, Microtus
pennsylvanicus, in Wyoming. By Sydney Anderson.
Pp. 85-104, 2 figures in text. May 10, 1956.

5. The condylarth genus Ellipsodon. By Robert W. Wilson.
Pp. 105-116, 6 figures in text. May 19, 1956.

6. Additional remains of the multituberculate genus
Eucosmodon. By Robert W. Wilson. Pp. 117-123, 10 figures
in text. May 19, 1956.

7. Mammals of Coahuila Mexico. By Rollin H. Baker.
Pp. 125-335, 75 figures in text. June 15, 1956.

8. Comments on the taxonomic status of Apodemus peninsulae,
with description of a new subspecies from North China.
By J. Knox Jones, Jr. Pp. 337-346, 1 figure in text,
1 table. August 15, 1956.

9. Extensions of known ranges of Mexican bats. By Sydney
Anderson, Pp. 347-351. August 15, 1956.

10. A new bat (Genus Leptonycteris) from Coahuila. By Howard
J. Stains. Pp. 353-356. January 21, 1957.

11. A new species of pocket gopher (Genus Pappogeomys) from
Jalisco, Mexico. By Robert J. Russell. Pp. 357-361.
January 21, 1957.

More numbers will appear in volume 9.

Vol 10. 1. Studies of birds killed in nocturnal migration.
By Harrison B. Tordoff and Robert M. Mengel. Pp. 1-44,
6 figures in text, 2 tables. September 12, 1956.

2. Comparative breeding behavior of Ammospiza caudacuta and
A. maritima. By Glen E. Woolfenden. Pp. 45-75, 6 plates,
1. figure. December 20, 1956.

3. The forest habitat of the University of Kansas Natural
History Reservation. By Henry S. Fitch and Ronald R.
McGregor. Pp. 77-127, 2 plates, 7 figures in text, 4
tables. December 31, 1956.

4. Aspects of reproduction and development in the prairie
vole (Microtus ochrogaster). By Henry S. Fitch.
Pp. 129-161, 8 figures in text, 4 tables.
December 19, 1957.

5. Birds found on the Arctic Slope of northern Alaska. By
James W. Bee. 163-211, 2 pls., 1 figure in text.
March 12, 1958.

More numbers will appear in volume 10.

* * * * * *

Transcriber's Notes

This file was derived from scanned images. With the exception of
some minor corrections (for example missing commas or periods) which
mary have been made that are not noted here and the list of
typographical errors that were corrected below, the original text is
presented. Some text may have been moved to rejoin paragraphs split
in the original by Tables or images.

Emphasis Notation

_Text_ = Italic

+Text+ = Bold-Italic

Typographical Errors Corrected:

Several minor typographical corrections were made (missing periods,
commas, incomplete italicization, etc.); but are not indicated here.
More substantial changes are listed below:

Page 172 Para. 5: Koalak => Kaolak
Page 173 Para. 3: gutteral => guttural
Page 182 Para. 2: logopus => lagopus
Page 184 Para. 4: was => were
Page 186 Para. 3: Topagurak => Topagaruk
Page 192 Para. 1: averages => averaged
Page 195 Para. 4: few => flew
Page 197 Para. 4: 70" => 74 deg.
Page 197 Para. 5: (93-87) => (87-93)
Page 210 Para. 4: then => than

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