Chapter I: Front Matter

Transcriber's Note.

References in the book to its illustrations are by "Plate" with Roman numerals. The illustrations themselves are labelled "Plate" with Arabic numerals. A plate's number in Roman numerals is equal to a plate's number in Arabic numerals. In several instances the author has spelled words differently to the accepted way. That spelling is retained in this transcription. The illustration on the book's cover is referred to in the text as Plate 16.

PEEPS AT NATURE

EDITED BY
THE REV. CHARLES A. HALL

V. BRITISH BUTTERFLIES

IN THE SAME SERIES

EACH CONTAINING 16 FULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS
(EIGHT OF WHICH ARE IN COLOUR)
LARGE CROWN 8VO. PICTURE COVER

BIRD LIFE OF THE SEASONS
COMMON BRITISH BEETLES
BRITISH MOTHS
WILD FLOWERS AND THEIR WONDERFUL WAYS
BRITISH LAND MAMMALS
BRITISH FERNS, CLUB-MOSSES, &c.
NATURAL HISTORY OF THE GARDEN
ROMANCE OF THE ROCKS
THE NATURALIST AT THE SEA-SHORE
POND LIFE
REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS

PUBLISHED BY
A. AND C. BLACK, LTD., 4, 5 AND 6, SOHO SQUARE, LONDON, W. 1

AGENTS

AMERICA THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
64 & 66 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK

AUSTRALASIA OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
205 FLINDERS LANE, MELBOURNE

CANADA THE MACMILLAN COMPANY OF CANADA, LTD.
ST. MARTIN'S HOUSE, 70 BOND STREET, TORONTO

INDIA MACMILLAN & COMPANY, LTD.
MACMILLAN BUILDING, BOMBAY
309 BOW BAZAAR STREET, CALCUTTA

PLATE 1.
1. Swallow Tail
2. Black-veined White
3. Large Garden White (Female)
4. Small Garden White (Male)
5. Green-veined White (Female)
6. Bath White (Male)
7. Orange Tip
8. Wood White (Male)
9. Pale Clouded Yellow]

BRITISH
BUTTERFLIES

BY

A. M. STEWART

CONTAINING 16 ILLUSTRATIONS, FIGURING
ALL THE SPECIES, VIZ.:

8 FULL-PAGE IN COLOUR
8 PAGES FROM PHOTOGRAPHS

A. & C. BLACK, LTD.

4, 5 & 6 SOHO SQUARE, LONDON, W. 1
1918

_First published May, 1912_

INTRODUCTORY EDITORIAL NOTE

I take it that this little "Peep at Nature," needs no apology; the exquisite coloured plates, produced direct from natural butterflies by the three-colour process, are a sufficient justification of its appearance.

The author is a practical entomologist of many years' standing. He writes from the fulness of a rich experience in the fields. He justly advocates the "Paisley" method of setting insects. I know it to be the more expeditious, and less calculated to damage specimens, than the ordinary process. His notes on the preservation of larvæ will be welcome in many quarters.

The publishers desire me to express their indebtedness to Messrs. Watkins and Doncaster, 36, Strand, W.C., for kindly arranging and lending the specimens from which the coloured plates have been produced.

CHARLES A. HALL.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

INTRODUCTORY EDITORIAL NOTE v

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS vii

I. THE LIFE-HISTORY OF A BUTTERFLY 1

II. THE CAPTURE AND PRESERVATION OF BUTTERFLIES 13

III. THE BRITISH BUTTERFLIES DESCRIBED 29

INDEX 88

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PLATE

I. SWALLOW-TAIL--BLACK-VEINED WHITE--LARGE
GARDEN WHITE--SMALL GARDEN WHITE--GREEN-VEINED
WHITE--BATH WHITE--ORANGE-TIP--WOOD
WHITE--PALE CLOUDED YELLOW[*] _Frontispiece_

FACING PAGE

II. METHOD OF SETTING WITH BRISTLE AND BRACES 9

III. "COP" OF 120'S COTTON ON STAND, AND SETTING-NEEDLE
FOR "PAISLEY" METHOD OF SETTING 16

IV. CLOUDED YELLOW--BRIMSTONE--SILVER-WASHED
FRITILLARY, ETC.[*] 25

V. GLANVILLE FRITILLARY--HEATH FRITILLARY, ETC.[*] 32

VI. "PAISLEY" METHOD OF SETTING 35

VII. APPARATUS FOR PRESERVING LARVÆ 38

VIII. RED ADMIRAL--PAINTED LADY--MILK-WEED, ETC.[*] 41

IX. MARBLED WHITE--MOUNTAIN RINGLET--SCOTCH
ARGUS, ETC.[*] 48

X. DARK GREEN FRITILLARY--HIGH BROWN FRITILLARY,
ETC. 51

XI. LARVA OF LARGE GARDEN WHITE--PUPA OF LARGE
GARDEN WHITE, ETC. 54

XII. SMALL HEATH--GREEN HAIRSTREAK--PURPLE HAIRSTREAK,
ETC.[*] 57

XIII. ADONIS BLUE--CHALK-HILL BLUE--LITTLE BLUE,
ETC.[*] 64

XIV. PUPA OF RED ADMIRAL--LARVA OF RED ADMIRAL,
ETC. 73

XV. BROWN ARGUS--AZURE BLUE--SILVER-STUDDED BLUE,
ETC. 80

XVI. LIFE-HISTORY OF SMALL TORTOISESHELL BUTTERFLY:
OVA--LARVÆ--PUPA--MALE INSECT (TO RIGHT)--FEMALE
(LEFT)--FOOD-PLANT (NETTLE)[*] _On the cover_

[*] These eight illustrations are in colour; the others are in black and white.

BRITISH BUTTERFLIES