Chapter IV: Part 4

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INDEX.

ALLEN, ETHAN, takes Ticonderoga, 17;
goes before Montgomery, 19.

ARNOLD, BENEDICT, marches to Canada, 19;
takes command of our flotilla, and fights the enemy, 22; 25, _note_;
sent to relieve Fort Stanwix, and does it by a stratagem, 92;
part at Bemis' Heights, 112;
storms the enemy's intrenchments, 121, 122;
wounded, 122.

BATTEN-KILL, British take post at, 70, 87.

BAUM, FREDERIC, commands British expedition to Bennington, and
marches, 70;
composition of his force, 70;
hears the Americans are waiting for him, 75;
notifies Burgoyne, and goes on, 75;
discovers Stark, and intrenches himself on the Walloomsac, 78, 81;
defeated, 83, 132.

BENNINGTON, VT.; Burgoyne's plan to seize stores at, 68;
Baum marches for, 72;
Battle of Bennington, 83, 84, 85;
trophies of, 85; 86, _note_;
results of the battle, 88, 89.

BEMIS' HEIGHTS; position of the army described, 99;
battle of September 19, 106, 107, 108, 111; 112, _note_.

BOUQUET RIVER; Burgoyne halts at, 37.

BRANT, JOSEPH, at Oriskany, 91; 94, _note_.

BREYMAN, HEINRICH C., posted in support of Baum, 70;
marches to Baum's aid, 81;
his slowness fatal to Baum, 84;
defeated, and badly cut up, 85;
his retreat to camp, 89;
part in Battle of Bemis' Heights, 105;
killed, 122.

BROWN, JOHN, attacks Ticonderoga, 114; 115, _note_.

BURGOYNE'S ARMY, composition of, 33, 34;
passes Lake Champlain, 35; 36, _notes_ 1 and 2;
invests Ticonderoga, 40, 43;
fights at Hubbardton, 47, 48;
at Fort Anne, 52;
joined by loyalists, 61;
concentrated, and leaves Skenesborough, 66;
arrives at Fort Edward, 66;
joined by savages, 66;
compelled to halt for provisions, 66, 69;
is moved forward to support the expedition to Bennington, 70;
falls back after the defeat of Baum, 87;
its losses, 88;
crosses the Hudson, 102;
order of march from Saratoga to Bemis' Heights, 105;
slow advance, 105;
gives battle to Gates, 106;
troops in action, 107;
on the defensive, 116;
on short rations, 117;
inactivity of, 117;
ordered to fight Gates again, 118;
troops selected, 119;
meets defeat, 121;
camp assaulted and turned, 122;
forms new line, 124;
retreats, 127;
soldiers dispirited, 129;
reaches Saratoga, 129;
makes a last stand, 130;
its camps, 130;
compelled to surrender, 133;
numbers at this time, 138.

BURGOYNE'S CAMPAIGN discussed, 10-14;
demand for re-enforcements, 11;
deficiency of transportation service, 12;
cause of failure, 13;
plan of, 26-32;
results in surrender, 133;
effect of it in Europe, especially in France, 140;
effect at home, 141;
said to have failed through blundering in the War Office, 142.

BURGOYNE, JOHN; his personal traits, 9;
his plan of campaign, 26 _et seq._;
his army, 33;
his proclamation, 38;
aims to cut off St. Clair from Schuyler, 45;
takes Skenesborough, 51;
follows up his successes, 52;
_resume_ of his campaign thus far, 52;
sends Riedesel to Castleton, 61;
chooses the Fort Anne route to Albany, 61;
his reasons, 62;
march obstructed, 65;
reaches Fort Edward, 66;
plans how to provide for his army, 68;
desire to strike New England, 68;
orders the expedition to Bennington, 70;
how composed, 70;
combinations overthrown by Baum's defeat, 87;
his losses up to this time, 88;
his Indians desert him, 88;
compelled to halt again, 90;
hears of St. Leger's retreat, 93;
his choice of evils, 101;
decides to cross the Hudson, 102;
marches in search of Gates, 105;
order of march, 105;
gives battle, 106 _et seq._;
troops in action, 107;
holds his position, but makes no advance, 113;
brings on another battle, 118, 119;
calls his three best generals to his aid, and commands in person,
119;
is defeated, and driven into his works, 121;
orders a retreat, 127;
finds a force confronting him on the east bank of the Hudson, 128;
loses valuable time, 128;
burns his baggage, 129;
arrives at Saratoga, 129;
finds retreat cut off, 131;
his camp untenable, 132;
surrenders his army, 133;
scene described by eyewitnesses, 135, 138.

CANADA'S alliance desired, 15;
invasion of begun, 19;
attitude toward the colonies, 25, _note_.

CARLETON, GUY; attitude toward Burgoyne, 11, 12;
gains a naval victory over Arnold, 22, 25.

CASTLETON, VT.; Riedesel posted there by Burgoyne, 61.

CHAMBLY, FORT; position of, 16;
taken by Americans, 19;
burnt, 20.

CLINTON, SIR HENRY, notifies Burgoyne that he is coming to his relief,
116;
thinks he is only to make a diversion, 117; 122, _note_;
is near Albany when Burgoyne surrenders, 133; 134, _note_.

CROWN POINT, position of, 16;
when built, 18, _note_;
Americans fall back to, 20;
evacuated, 20;
naval battle near, 22.

DIAMOND ISLAND, unsuccessful attack upon, 114.

DUER'S HOUSE, Frazer's corps at, 68;
British army posted at, 70, 87.

FELLOWS, JOHN, commands a detachment to watch Burgoyne, 134.

FISHKILL CREEK, 129; 134, _note_.

FORT ANNE, N. Y.; Americans retreat to, from Skenesborough, 51;
Schuyler re-enforces them, 52;
combat at, 52;
burnt and abandoned, 52;
described, 55, _note_;
importance to Burgoyne, 62;
neighborhood described, 62, 63.

FORT EDWARD, position of, 16;
Schuyler at, 51;
is joined by St. Clair, after Ticonderoga falls, 51;
Burgoyne arrives at, 66;
Schuyler evacuates it, 66;
described, 66, _note_.

FORT GEORGE, position of, 16;
Americans evacuate it, 66;
and British occupy it, 66.

FORT OSWEGO, position of, 30.

FORT STANWIX, position of, 30;
St. Leger's force, 35;
garrisoned and defended, 90, 91;
attempt to relieve fails, 91;
garrison makes a sally, 92;
siege raised, 93; 94, _note_.

FRANCIS, EBENEZER, covers retreat from Ticonderoga, fights Frazer at
Hubbardton, but is killed, 51; 55, _note_.

FRAZER, SIMON, commands a corps under Burgoyne, 34, 35;
takes Mt. Hope, 40;
pursues St. Clair, 46;
comes up with the Americans at Hubbardton, and fights them, 47;
on the point of defeat is re-enforced, and gains the day, 48;
crosses the Hudson, and takes post at Saratoga, 70;
recrosses the Hudson, 87;
is posted on the right at Bemis' Heights, 105;
his force, 107;
killed, 121; 123, _note_;
buried, 127; 134, _note_.

FREEMAN'S FARM, position of, 99; 100, _note_, 105;
first collision at (Sept. 19), 106;
second battle at, 120-122.

GANSEVOORT, PETER, at Fort Stanwix, 90;
sallies out upon besiegers, 91; 94, _note_.

GATES, HORATIO, takes command of the Northern Army, 20;
his rank, 25, _note_; supersedes Schuyler, 95;
good effect on the army, 97;
orders an advance to Stillwater, 97;
want of confidence in Arnold a drawback to success, 98;
posts the army on Bemis' Heights, 98; _note_, 99;
sends Morgan to feel the enemy, 106;
re-enforces in driblets, 108;
his camp and army, 115, _note_s 1 and 2;
accepts battle again, 120;
is victorious, 121, 122;
dilatory pursuit of the enemy, 131;
comes up with Burgoyne, 131;
dispositions for attacking, 131;
receives Burgoyne's surrender, 133.

HERKIMER, NICHOLAS, marches to relieve Fort Stanwix, 91;
is waylaid and defeated, 91, 92;
dies of his wounds, 92; 94, _note_.

HESSIAN MERCENARIES, 36, _note_.

HOWE, SIR WILLIAM, participation in the campaign discussed, 14;
driven from Boston, 29;
George III. disappointed in him, 29;
gets his orders too late, 31.

HUBBARDTON, VT., garrison of Ticonderoga retreats to, 44;
St. Clair's rearguard overtaken at, 47;
battle of, 47, 48, 49.

JOHNSON, SIR JOHN, at Oriskany, 91; 94, _note_.

KOSCIUSKO, THADDEUS, marks out the lines on Bemis' Heights, 98; 100,
_note_.

LAKE CHAMPLAIN, the gateway of the north, 16;
naval battle on, 22;
Burgoyne's advance, 35;
shores of, 37;
Americans driven from, 51.

LINCOLN, BENJAMIN, sent to Manchester, 74;
sketch of, 76, _note_;
makes a raid in Burgoyne's rear, 113;
joins Gates, 115;
wounded, 128.

LYMAN, PHINEAS, builds Fort Edward, 66.

MANCHESTER, VT., Warner posted at, 57;
rendezvous for militia, 73;
Lincoln and Stark at, 74.

MOHAWK VALLEY, plan for invading it, 30, 35.

MONTGOMERY, RICHARD, leads an army to Canada, 19;
killed, 20;
sketch of, 25, _note_.

MORGAN'S RIFLEMEN, 99, _note_;
attack Burgoyne, 106;
part in the battle of October 7, 120, 121.

MOUNT INDEPENDENCE described, 16;
named, 21;
Americans retreat from Ticonderoga to, 44.

MOUNT DEFIANCE, the key of Ticonderoga, 43;
seized by Burgoyne's engineers, 43;
compels the evacuation of Ticonderoga, 43;
retaken by the Americans, 114; 115, _note_.

NEWPORT, R. I., held by the enemy, 30;
Howe's strategy, 60, _note_.

NEW YORK, plans for its invasion, 26, 29, 30;
resources of for resisting Burgoyne, 58, 59.

ORISKANY, N. Y., Americans marching to Fort Stanwix are defeated at,
91.

PHILLIPS, WILLIAM, commands Burgoyne's artillery, 34;
brings up artillery at Bemis' Heights, 111.

RIEDESEL, BARON VON, commands Burgoyne's German contingent, 34;
at Ticonderoga, 40;
pursues the retreating Americans, 46;
turns defeat to victory at Hubbardton, 48;
is posted at Castleton, Vt., 61;
falls back to Fort Edward, 86;
supports Burgoyne at Bemis' Heights, 111.

SARATOGA, occupied by Burgoyne, 70;
country below described, 98;
Burgoyne's army crosses over to, 102;
falls back to, after being defeated, 129; 134, _note_.

ST. CLAIR, ARTHUR, commands at Ticonderoga, 39;
evacuates it, 43;
military record of, 44, _note_ 2; also _note_ 5;
marches for Skenesborough, 45;
halts at Hubbardton, 46;
hears Burgoyne has occupied his proposed line of retreat, and now
marches for Bennington, 51;
joins Schuyler at Fort Edward, 51;
accused of treachery, 58;
and ordered to Philadelphia, 60.

ST. JOHN'S, FORT, position of, 16;
taken by Americans, 19;
burnt, 20;
British build a fleet at, 21.

ST. LEGER, BARRY, combination with Burgoyne, 13;
his part, 30, 31;
his force, 35, 90;
lays siege to Fort Stanwix, 91;
Arnold's stratagem compels him to raise the siege, 93;
and retreat to Oswego, 93.

SCHUYLER, PHILIP, at Fort Edward, 51;
St. Clair joins him, 51;
sends a force to Fort Anne, 52;
military record of, 55, _note_;
holds Warner at Manchester, 57;
evacuates Fort Edward on Burgoyne's approach, 66;
state of his army, 66;
urges Stark to join him, 77;
sends Gansevoort to Fort Stanwix, 90;
then Arnold, 93;
superseded by Gates, 95.

SECOND BATTLE OF FREEMAN'S FARM, 120-122.

SKENESBOROUGH taken by Americans, 17;
described, 18, _note_;
made a dockyard, 21;
Americans retreat to, from Ticonderoga, 44;
set fire to, and abandoned, 51.

STARK, JOHN, appointed to sole command over New Hampshire militia, 74;
musters his brigade at Manchester, 74;
refuses to join Schuyler, 74;
his perplexity, 75;
marches to Bennington, 75;
sketch of, 76, _note_;
decides to join Schuyler, 77;
but hears of the enemy's approach, and sends out scouts, 77;
sends for Warner, 78;
re-enforced, 81;
his force, 82;
gains the victory of Bennington, 83;
and defeats Breyman also, 84, 85;
at Fort Edward, 132.

STILLWATER, position of the American army described, 98.

TICONDEROGA, position of described, 16;
taken by Americans, 17; 18, _note_;
Montgomery there, 19;
Burgoyne's landing, 39;
garrison of, 40;
invested by Burgoyne, 40, 43;
evacuated, 44;
effects of its fall, 56, 57;
Americans attack it unsuccessfully, 114.

TRENTON, N. J., victory at, 32, _note_.

VALCOUR ISLAND, naval battle at, 22.

VERMONT, people of addressed by Burgoyne, 38;
state of settlements in, 44, _note_;
critical situation of after the fall of Ticonderoga, 57.

WARNER, SETH, in command at Hubbardton, 47; 55, _note_;
surprised there, 48;
retreats to Bennington, 51;
posted at Manchester, 57;
his Green Mountain Boys, 57;
Stark calls on him for assistance, 77;
gets to Bennington in time, 81;
attacks Breyman, 84.

WASHINGTON, GEORGE, sets about retrieving the disaster at Ticonderoga,
60;
his views how to retard Burgoyne's march, 73;
sends Lincoln to carry them out, 74;
his policy vindicated, 85;
efforts to strengthen the northern army, 95, 96;
considerate treatment of Schuyler, 96.

End of Project Gutenberg's Burgoyne's Invasion of 1777, by Samuel Adams Drake

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Burgoyne's Invasion of 1777Chapter IV: Part 4

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