Chapter II: Part 2

Is the human will free? Is the power of contrary choice a necessary element in the freedom of the will? Does Edwards's "Inquiry respecting the freedom of the will" lead to conclusions false and untenable? Matson, p. 453: Briefs and references.

=French revolution.=

Did circumstances justify the first French revolution? Rowton, p. 223: References.

Was there in the French revolution more of good than evil? Matson, p. 68: Briefs and references.

Which did the most to produce the French revolution, the tyranny of the government, the excesses of the higher orders, or the writings of Voltaire, Montesquieu, and Rousseau? Rowton, p. 222: References.

=Galileo.=

Is Galileo deserving of strong condemnation for abjuring what he knew to be truth? Matson, p. 92: Briefs and references.

=Gambling.=

Are betting and gambling immoral? Gibson, p. 155: Briefs and references.

Legal suppression of gambling. Askew, 1906, p. 101: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 102: Briefs.

Morality of gambling. Askew, 1906, p. 102: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 102: Briefs.

=Gambling in commerce, Suppression of.=

Askew, 1906, p. 101: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 101: Briefs.

=Game laws= (England).

Abolition of game laws. Askew, 1906, p. 102: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 103: Briefs.

=Garrison, W.L.=

Has Garrison's part in the antislavery movement been overrated? Matson, p. 127: Briefs and references.

=Gas supply.= Municipal ownership. _See_ =Municipal ownership.=

=Genius.=

Is genius an innate capacity? Rowton, p. 218: References.

Is genius hereditary? Matson, p. 406: Briefs and references.

=Geology and astronomy.= _See_ =Astronomy and geology.=

=Geology and the Bible.= _See_ =Bible and geology.=

=George, Henry.= _See_ =Single tax.=

=Ghosts.=

Are ghosts real or imaginary? Gibson, p. 104: Briefs and references.

=Gladstone and Bismarck.= _See_ =Bismarck and Gladstone.=

=Goethe and Milton.=

Is Goethe's Mephistopheles a better conception of the Prince of Darkness than Milton's Satan? Matson, p. 304: Briefs and references.

=Goethe and Schiller.=

Was Goethe a greater poet than Schiller? Matson, p. 302: Briefs and references.

=Goethe and Shakespeare.= _See_ =Shakespeare and Goethe.=

=Gold= (currency).

All nations should unite in adopting the same monetary system and that system should be gold. Brookings, p. 88: Briefs and references.

The single gold standard is for the best interests of the country. Craig, p. 28: Speeches.

_See also_ Bimetallism.

=Gold and iron.=

Which is the more valuable metal, gold or iron? Rowton, p. 211: References.

=Gold mines and coal mines.=

Have the gold mines of Spain or the coal mines of England been more beneficial to the world? Rowton, p. 213: References.

=Gothenburg system.=

The Gothenburg system of eliminating private profits offers the best solution of the liquor question. Brookings, p. 176: Briefs and references.

Should England adopt the Gothenburg system? Askew, 1906, p. 103: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 103: Briefs.

=Government by commission.= _See_ =Commission form of government.=

=Government ownership.=

Ought the state to own all railways, mines, canals, etc.? Gibson, p. 191: Briefs and references.

The state ought to organize and conduct manufactories and commerce. Brookings, p. 129: Briefs and references.

_See also_ Municipal ownership.

=Government ownership.= Canals.

Nationalization of canals. Askew, 1906, p. 103: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 31: Briefs.

=Government ownership.= Coal mines.

It is for the best interests of all the people for the government to own and control coal mines. Craig, p. 318: Outline.

The United States ought to own and control the coal mines of the country. Pearson, p. 435: Synopses of speeches, and references.

=Government ownership.= Railroads.

The federal government should own and operate the railroads in the United States. Thomas, p. 180: Briefs.

The railroads in the United States should be owned and operated by the federal government. Brookings, p. 123: Briefs and references.

Railway nationalization. Askew, 1906, p. 189: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 195: Briefs.

The railways of the United States should be owned and operated by the government. Ringwalt, p. 163: Briefs and references.--C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Should the government of the United States own and control the railroads? Craig, p. 106: Speeches.

Should the government own and operate the railroads? Matson, p. 176: Briefs and references.--Robbins, p. 88: Briefs and references.

=Government ownership.= Telegraphs, telephones.

All telegraph lines in the United States should be owned and controlled by the government. Brookings, p. 126: Briefs and references.

The government of the United States should own and control the telephone and telegraph systems. Craig, p. 185: Speeches.

=Greece and Rome.=

Has Greece contributed more to the civilization of the world than Rome? Has Rome been really a greater power in the world than Greece? Matson, p. 25: Briefs and references.

=Greek, Study of.= _See_ =Classical education.=

=Greek art and renaissance art.=

Is Greek art surpassed by renaissance art? Matson, p. 359: Briefs and references.

=Greek dramatists and English dramatists.=

Are the Greek dramatic writers superior to the English? Matson, p. 277: Briefs and references.

=Greek letter fraternities.= _See_ =Secret societies.=

=Greenbacks.=

Should greenbacks be retired and the government go out of its present system of banking? Craig, p. 232: Speeches.

=Gregory VII and Charlemagne.= _See_ =Charlemagne and Hildebrand.=

=Guarantee of bank deposits.= _See_ =Bank deposits, Guarantee of.=

=Gunpowder.=

Has the invention of gunpowder been of benefit to mankind? Rowton, p. 207: References.

=Hamilton and Jefferson.=

Was Hamilton a greater statesman than Jefferson? Matson, p. 120: Briefs and references.

=Hamlet.=

Was the apparent madness of Hamlet altogether feigned? Matson, p. 299: Briefs and references.--C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=Hannibal and Alexander the Great.= _See_ =Alexander the Great and Hannibal.=

=Hannibal and Napoleon.= _See_ =Napoleon and Hannibal.=

=Happiness and misery.=

Does happiness or misery preponderate in life? Rowton, p. 222: References.

=Hastings,= Warren.

Was Warren Hastings, in view of his career as a whole, deserving of impeachment? Matson, p. 96: Briefs and references.

=Hawaii.= Annexation to the United States.

Hawaii should be speedily annexed to the United States. Brookings, p. 62: Briefs and references.

Ought the United States to have annexed Hawaii? Craig, p. 122: Briefs.

=Hawthorne and Irving.=

Should Hawthorne be ranked higher among American authors than Irving? Matson, p. 350: Briefs and references.

=Hemans,= _Mrs,_ and =Howitt,= _Mrs._

Which is the greater poet, Mrs Howitt or Mrs Hemans? Rowton, p. 227: References.

=Heredity and environment.=

Is heredity more influential in the development of man, intellectually and morally, than his environment? Matson, p. 404: Briefs and references.--C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=High schools.=

High schools should not be supported by taxation. Thomas, p. 202: Briefs.

=Hildebrand and Charlemagne.= _See_ =Charlemagne and Hildebrand.=

=History.=

Can history be reduced to a science? Matson, p. 407: Briefs and references.

Should not the study of history be more encouraged than it is? Rowton, p. 232: References.

=History and biography.=

Is the reading of history more beneficial to the individual mind than the reading of biography? Matson, p. 263: Briefs and references.

=Home labor.=

Prohibition of home work. Askew, 1911, p. 105: Briefs.

=Home rule.= India. _See_ =India.= Home rule.

=Home rule.= Ireland. _See_ =Ireland.= Home rule.

=Homer.= _See_ =Iliad and Æneid.--Iliad and Odyssey.=

=Homer and Milton.= _See_ =Milton and Homer.=

=Honor system in colleges.=

The honor system should be adopted in all colleges and universities. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=Hope and memory.=

Which produce the greater happiness, the pleasures of hope or of memory? Rowton, p. 220: References.

=Hospitals.=

Nationalization of hospitals. Askew, 1906, p. 105: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 105: Briefs.

Should hospitals be maintained and managed by the state? Gibson, p. 115: Briefs and references.

=Hours of labor.= _See_ =Early closing of shops.--Eight-hour day.=

=House of lords.=

Abolition of House of lords; single-chamber government. Askew, 1911, p. 150: Briefs.

Exclusion of bishops from House of lords. Askew, 1906, p. 29: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 27: Briefs.

Limitation of the veto of the House of lords. Askew, 1911, p. 151: Briefs.

Reform of House of lords. Askew, 1906, p. 146: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 155: Briefs.

Should the English House of lords be abolished? Should the English House of lords be reformed? Matson, p. 189: Briefs and references.

=Housing problem.=

The housing of the poor should be improved by municipalities. Brookings, p. 170: Briefs and references.

Municipal dwellings for the poor. Askew, 1906, p. 156: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 160: Briefs.

=Howard and Wilberforce.=

Was Howard a greater philanthropist than Wilberforce? Matson, p. 104: Briefs and references.

=Howard, Napoleon, Watt.= _See_ =Napoleon, Howard, Watt.=

=Howitt,= _Mrs,_ and =Hemans,= _Mrs._ _See_ =Hemans,= _Mrs,_ =and Howitt,= _Mrs._

=Hugo and Balzac.= _See_ =Balzac and Hugo.=

=Human mind and brute mind.=

Is the human mind different from the brute mind in kind and not merely in degree? Matson, p. 396: Briefs and references.

=Human race.= _See_ =Man.=

=Humor.=

Has not the faculty of humor been of essential service to civilization? Rowton, p. 228: References.

=Husband and wife as witnesses.=

Askew, 1906, p. 106: Briefs.

=Hypocrite and liar.=

The hypocrite is a more despicable character than the liar. Craig, p. 179: Speeches.

Which is the more despicable character, the hypocrite or the liar? Rowton, p. 208: References.

=Ignorance and crime.= _See_ =Crime.=

=Iliad and Æneid.=

Is the Iliad a greater epic than the Æneid? Matson, p. 270: Briefs and references.

=Iliad and Odyssey.=

Does the Iliad afford conclusive evidence of various authorship? Is the authorship of the Iliad and of the Odyssey identical? Matson, p. 269: Briefs and references.

=Illiteracy and pauperism.= _See_ =Pauperism and illiteracy.=

=Imagination.=

Is a rude or a refined age the more favorable to the production of works of imagination? Rowton, p. 219: References.

=Imagination and reason.=

Is the imagination more potent in its influence than the reason? Are men in general as much influenced by reason as by imagination? Matson, p. 449: Briefs and references.

=Immigration.=

Do the benefits of foreign immigration outweigh its evils? Should foreign immigration to this country be restricted? Matson, p. 173: Briefs and references.

Foreign immigration to the United States should be further restricted by the imposition of an educational test. Pearson, p. 165: Synopses of speeches, and references.

A high tax should be laid on all immigrants to the United States. Brookings, p. 70: Briefs and references.

Immigration should be further restricted by an illiteracy test. Ringwalt, p. 31: Briefs and references.--C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Immigration should be further restricted by law. Brookings, p. 68: Briefs and references.--Robbins, p. 100: Briefs and references.

Immigration to the United States should be further restricted by an educational test. Pattee, p. 183: Brief (affirmative).

Is immigration detrimental to the United States? Craig, p. 206: Speeches.

Our present immigration laws should be amended so as to debar all immigrants over sixteen years of age and unable to read and write; provided that this amendment shall not debar dependents upon qualified immigrants or residents of the United States. Wisconsin University, no. 316: Arguments and references.

Restriction of immigration of aliens. Askew, 1906, p. 107: Briefs and references.

Should immigration be restricted? Pattee, p. 316: Brief, and speech for negative by S.G. Croswell, from North American review, May 1897.

Strengthening of laws regulating the immigration of aliens. Askew, 1911, p. 8: Briefs.

The United States should further restrict immigration by an illiteracy test. Thomas, p. 198: Briefs.

The United States should still further restrict immigration. Thomas, p. 196: Briefs.

_See also_ Emigration.

=Immigration, Chinese.=

Exclusion of Chinese (United States and Australia). Askew, 1906, p. 41: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 39: Briefs.

Has Chinese immigration thus far been on the whole rather a benefit than an injury to the country? Should it be the policy of the national government to impose stringent restrictions on Chinese immigration? Matson, p. 175: Briefs and references.

The policy excluding Chinese laborers from the United States should be maintained and rigorously enforced. Brookings, p. 73: Briefs and references.

The policy of the United States with respect to Chinese immigration should be continued. Ringwalt, p. 42: Briefs and references.

Should Chinese immigration be restricted? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

The time has come when the United States should modify its present policy of excluding Chinese immigration. Thomas, p. 176: Briefs.

=Immigration, German.=

The Germans are the most desirable present day immigrants. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=Immorality.=

Should immorality be a bar to public life? Askew, 1906, p. 108: Briefs and references.

_See also_ Morality.

=Immortality.=

Can the immortality of the human soul be established from the light of nature? Matson, p. 492: Briefs and references.

Immortality of the individual; its value. Askew, 1906, p. 108: Briefs.

=Imperialism.=

Are colonies advantageous to the mother country? Rowton, p. 216: References.

=Imperialism= (England).

Askew, 1906, p. 110: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 106: Briefs.

=Imperialism= (United States).

American imperialism. Speaker, v. 4, p. 114: References.

Imperialistic policy of the United States. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

The interests of the United States are opposed to the permanent acquisition of territory in the eastern hemisphere except so much as may be needed for naval stations. Alden, p. 221: Speech (affirmative).

_See also_ Cuba. Annexation to the United States.--Hawaii. Annexation to the United States.--Philippine islands.

=In camera proceedings.=

Askew, 1906, p. 113; Askew, 1911, p. 110: Briefs.

=Income tax.=

Denney, p. 369: Speeches.

Can an income tax be framed which shall be equitable in principle and efficient in administration? Is a graduated income tax just or expedient? Matson, p. 209: Briefs and references.

The constitution should be so amended as to vest in Congress the power to impose a general income tax in the United States. Speaker, v. 3, p. 296: Briefs and references.--C. L. of P. Debates: Briefs and references.

The federal government should adopt a graduated income tax, constitutionality granted. Robbins, p. 109: Briefs and references.

The federal government should have the power to impose an income tax, not apportioned among the states according to population. Speaker, v. 5, p. 376: Speeches and references.

Federal income tax. Pearson, p. 93: Summing up of arguments, and references.

A graduated income tax is a desirable feature of a taxation system. Wisconsin University, no. 329: Arguments and references.

In the United States an income tax is practicable and desirable. Thomas, p. 180: Briefs.--C. L. of P. Reference lists.

An income tax is a desirable part of a scheme of taxation. Brookings, p. 117: Briefs and references.

Income tax, with special reference to graduation and exemption. Debaters' handbook ser., no. 10: References and selected articles.

Progressive income tax. Askew, 1906, p. 113: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 110: Briefs.

=Independent Labour party and Liberal party.=

Askew, 1906, p. 115: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 112: Briefs.

=Indeterminate sentence.=

Indeterminate sentences for the professional criminal. Askew, 1911, p. 113: Briefs.

=India.= Civil service. _See_ =Civil service.= India.

=India.= English rule.

Indian defence--a forward policy. Askew, 1906, p. 118: Briefs and references.

Is English rule in India, considered as to its character and results, capable of vindication? Has English rule been a benefit to India? Matson, p. 191: Briefs and references.

Ought we to govern India solely for its natives? Gibson, p. 117: Briefs and references.

=India.= Home rule.

India; home rule. Askew, 1906, p. 117: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 114: Briefs.

=Indians of North America.=

Should the government make the education of the Indian compulsory? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=Individual and state.= _See_ =State and individual.=

=Individualism.=

Askew, 1906, p. 119: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 115: Briefs.

=Inductive reasoning.=

Is inductive reasoning the best method of arriving at truth? Has the relative importance of inductive reasoning as a method of arriving at truth been overrated in modern times? Matson, p. 441: Briefs and references.

=Inheritance tax.=

Death duties (English), Graduated. Askew, 1906, p. 59: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 51: Briefs.

A progressive inheritance tax should be levied by the federal government, constitutionality conceded. Pearson, p. 141: Briefs and references.--Speaker, v. 2, p. 389: Briefs.--Wisconsin University, no. 385: Arguments and references.--C. L. of P. Debates: References.

=Initiative and referendum.= _See_ =Referendum.=

=Injunctions.=

The attitude of the federal courts toward the use of the writ of injunction, as indicated by the Bucks Stove & Range Company decision, is conducive to the best interests of the people of the United States (all question of constitutionality eliminated). Pearson, p. 129: Synopses of speeches, and references.

Federal courts should be prohibited from issuing injunctions in controversies between labor and capital. Thomas, p. 188: Briefs.

Issuing of injunctions by federal courts in labor disputes should be forbidden by Congress. Ringwalt, p. 219: Briefs and references.--Speaker, v. 4, p. 108: Briefs and references.--C. L. of P. Debates: References.

_See also_ Chicago strike injunctions.

=Insane asylums.=

Ought private asylums to be permitted? Askew, 1906, p. 20: Briefs and references.

=Insanity and responsibility.=

Does insanity always preclude all moral responsibility? Is insanity ever consistent with amenability to punishment? Matson, p. 461: Briefs and references.

=Insurance.=

Resolved that all insurance should be made a federal monopoly. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=Insurance, Life.=

Insurance of children. Askew, 1906, p. 122: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 117: Briefs.

Is life assurance at present conducted on safe and equitable principles? Rowton, p. 231: References.

=Intelligence and morality.=

Does the diffusion of intelligence promote general morality? Is ignorance productive of crime? Matson, p. 236: Briefs and references.

=Intemperance.= _See_ =Drink and opium.--Liquor question.=

=Intemperance and slavery.= _See_ =Slavery and intemperance.=

=International copyright.= _See_ =Copyright.=

=Internationalism.=

Askew, 1906, p. 123: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 118: Briefs.

=Intestacy.=

Abolition of the law of intestacy. Askew, 1906, p. 124: Briefs and references.

=Invasion of England.= _See_ =England, Invasion of.=

=Ireland.=

Abolition of the lord lieutenancy of Ireland. Askew, 1906, p. 124: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 122: Briefs.

Federal government in Great Britain and Ireland. Askew, 1906, p. 94: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 95: Briefs.

Ireland; is she overtaxed? Askew, 1906, p. 131: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 131: Briefs.

Irish members; their exclusion from imperial parliament in the event of the grant of home rule. Askew, 1906, p. 132; Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 132: Briefs.

Is devolution in Irish affairs desirable? Askew, 1906, p. 125: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 122: Briefs.

Is Ireland's want of prosperity to be attributed chiefly to English misrule? Matson, p. 193: Briefs and references.

=Ireland.= Home rule.

Home rule should be granted to Ireland. Brookings, p. 187: Briefs and references.--C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Ireland; home rule. Askew, 1906, p. 126: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 124: Briefs.

Ought England to concede the Irish demand for home rule? Matson, p. 194: Briefs and references.

=Ireland.= Universities. _See_ =Colleges and universities.=

=Iron and gold.= _See_ =Gold and iron.=

=Irrigation works.=

The government ought to construct an extensive system of irrigation works. Brookings, p. 144: Briefs and references.

=Irving and Hawthorne.= _See_ =Hawthorne and Irving.=

=Japan.= Anglo-Japanese alliance. _See_ =Anglo-Japanese alliance.=

=Japan-China war.= _See_ =China-Japan war.=

=Japanese as American citizens.=

Should the Japanese be eligible to American citizenship? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=Jefferson and Hamilton.= _See_ =Hamilton and Jefferson.=

=Jesuits.=

Has Jesuitism been a greater evil than good? Matson, p. 480: Briefs and references.

=Jews.=

Anti-Semitism in Russia. Askew, 1906, p. 14: Briefs and references.

Is the creation of a Jewish state desirable and practicable? Askew, 1906, p. 132: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 133: Briefs.

=John and Paul.= _See_ =Paul and John.=

=Journalism.=

Journalism; are signed articles desirable? Askew, 1906, p. 135: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 135: Briefs.

=Judges.=

The judges of the superior courts and the judges of the courts of appellate jurisdiction of the states should gain office by appointment of the state executive. Pearson, p. 345: Synopses of speeches, and references.

=Judges, Recall of.= _See_ =Recall of judges.=

=Jury system.=

Askew, 1906, p. 135: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 135: Briefs.

Do the advantages of the jury system outweigh its evils? Is the jury system worthy of being retained? Should a three-fourths majority be sufficient for a decision by the jury? Matson, p. 158: Briefs and references.

In the state of (New York) a unanimous verdict should no longer be required in jury trials. Thomas, p. 194: Briefs.

Is the unanimity required from juries conducive to the attainment of the ends of justice? Rowton, p. 217: References.

Jury system should be abolished. Brookings, p. 55: Briefs and references.

Less than the whole number of the jury should be competent to render a verdict. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Should we abolish trial by jury? Gibson, p. 215: Briefs and references.

Trial by jury. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=Juvenile court.=

C. L. of P. Reference lists (affirmative).

Children's courts. Askew, 1906, p. 40: Briefs and references.

=Kant.=

Does Kant's "Critique of pure reason" give a true account of the origin and limitations of knowledge in the human mind? Do Kant's writings, taken together, afford a self-consistent and positive philosophical system? Was Kant a greater philosopher than Descartes? Matson, p. 438: Briefs and references.

=Kempis, Thomas à, and Bunyan.= _See_ =Bunyan and Thomas à Kempis.=

=Kindergarten system.=

Askew, 1906, p. 136: Briefs and references.

=Labor, Division of.=

Does the division of labor, as it now exists, tend rather to hinder than to help individual development? Matson, p. 229: Briefs and references.

Is the division of labour now carried to hurtful excess? Gibson, p. 119: Briefs and references.

=Labor and laboring classes.=

Labor is more to blame for hard times than capitalists are. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

_See also_ Child labor.--Chinese labor.--Home labor.--Machinery.

=Labor party.=

The best interests of the laboring classes would be advanced by the formation of a separate labor party. Brookings, p. 154: Briefs and references.

Organized labor should form a political party and actively enter politics. Thomas, p. 202: Briefs.

=Labor unions.= _See_ =Trade unions.=

=Laissez faire and state intervention.=

Is the laissez faire, or let alone theory of government, the true one? Is the paternal theory of government the true one? Should state intervention be extended? Matson, p. 136: Briefs and references.

=Land.=

Enclosure of common-lands. Askew, 1906, p. 54: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 43: Briefs.

Peasant proprietorship. Askew, 1906, p. 174: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 180: Briefs.

Vacant land; its rating. Askew, 1906, p. 216: Briefs and references.

=Land nationalization.=

Askew, 1906, p. 136: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 136: Briefs.

=Land values.= _See_ =Single tax.=

=Landed gentry.=

Are the landed gentry worth preserving? Gibson, p. 101: Briefs and references.

=Language.=

Is language of merely human origin? Matson, p. 542: Briefs and references.

=Language, Universal.=

Askew, 1906, p. 215: Briefs and references.

=Language and thought.= _See_ =Thought and language.=

=Latin, Study of.= _See_ =Classical education.=

=Law.=

Codification of the law [English]. Askew, 1906, p. 48: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 40: Briefs.

_See also_ Legal education.--Legal ethics.

=Leasehold enfranchisement.=

Askew, 1906, p. 139: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 143: Briefs.

=Legal education.=

Reform of legal education. Askew, 1906, p. 142: Briefs.

=Legal ethics.=

Is a counsel justified in defending a prisoner of whose guilt he is cognizant? Gibson, p. 70: Briefs and references.

Is an advocate justified in defending a man whom he knows to be guilty of the crime with which he is charged? Rowton, p. 214: References.

A lawyer is justified in pleading for the acquittal of a man whom he knows to be guilty. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=Legal tender.=

Congress should take immediate steps towards the retirement of all the legal-tender notes. Alden, p. 230, 253: Speech and brief (negative).

=Legislation, Direct.= _See_ =Direct legislation.=

=Liar and hypocrite.= _See_ =Hypocrite and liar.=

=Liberal party and Independent Labour party.= _See_ =Independent Labour party and Liberal party.=

=Liberty of the press.=

Should the liberty of the press be left by the government unrestricted? Matson, p. 167: Briefs and references.

Should the press be totally free? Rowton, p. 223: References.

=Libraries.=

Free libraries. Askew, 1906, p. 98: Briefs and references.

=License.= _See_ =Liquor question.=

=Life.=

Is life worth living? Askew, 1906, p. 143: Briefs and references.

Is the average duration of human life increasing or diminishing? Rowton, p. 230: References.

=Life insurance.= _See_ =Insurance, Life.=

=Lincoln and Washington.=

Can Lincoln justly be called as great a benefactor to his country as Washington? Matson, p. 116: Briefs and references.

=Liquor question.=

Abolition of tied houses. Askew, 1906, p. 209; Askew, 1911, p. 242: Briefs.

As society is constituted at present the liquor saloon performs desirable social functions. Robbins, p. 177: Briefs and references.

Compensation to publicans. Askew, 1906, p. 55: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 44: Briefs.

Free trade in drink. Askew, 1906, p. 73: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 80: Briefs.

High license is the best means of checking intemperance. Craig, p. 94: Speeches.

Is not intemperance the chief source of crime? Rowton, p. 231: References.

Is the legal prohibition of the manufacture and sale of spirituous liquors as a beverage right in principle and efficient in practice? Matson, p. 179: Briefs and references.

Should the drink traffic be nationalized? Gibson, p. 81: Briefs and references.

Should the licensing act (1904) be amended? Askew, 1906, p. 142: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 146: Briefs.

State prohibition is preferable to high license as a method of dealing with intemperance. Brookings, p. 172: Briefs and references.

Sunday closing of public houses. Askew, 1906, p. 205: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 224: Briefs.

Total abstinence. Askew, 1906, p. 1: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 1: Briefs.

_See also_ Gothenburg system.--Local option.

=Literary contests and athletics.= _See_ =Athletics.=

=Literature.=

Is the cheap literature of the age, on the whole, beneficial to general morality? Rowton, p. 229: References.

=Literature and science.=

Which has done more for the world, literature or science? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=Liturgies.=

Should nonconformists adopt liturgies? Gibson, p. 121: Briefs and references.

=Livingstone and Columbus.= _See_ =Columbus and Livingstone.=

=Local option.=

Askew, 1906, p. 145; Askew, 1911, p. 149: Briefs.--C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Local option is the most satisfactory method of dealing with the liquor problem. Thomas, p. 184: Briefs.

Local veto. Askew, 1906, p. 146: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 149: Briefs.--Gibson, p. 248: Briefs and references.

=Locke.=

Has the influence of Locke's philosophy been greater than its intrinsic worth? Does the practical merit of Locke's philosophy atone for its want of breadth and comprehension? Matson, p. 436: Briefs and references.

=London livery companies.=

Livery companies (London); their abolition. Askew, 1906, p. 144: Briefs and references.

=Longfellow and Bryant.= _See_ =Bryant and Longfellow.=

=Lords, House of.= _See_ =House of lords.=

=Louis XIV.=

Was Louis XIV a great man? Rowton, p. 227: References.

=Louis XVI.=

Was the deposition of Louis XVI justifiable? Rowton, p. 216: References.

=Loyola and Luther.= _See_ =Luther and Loyola.=

=Luther and Calvin.=

Did Luther contribute more to the promotion of the reformation than Calvin? Matson, p. 516: Briefs and references.

=Luther and Loyola.=

Which character is the more to be admired, that of Loyola or Luther? Rowton, p. 224: References.

=Luxury.=

The expensive social entertainments of the wealthy are of more benefit than injury to the country. Craig, p. 172: Speeches.

Should Parliament restrain excessive luxury? Gibson, p. 124: Briefs and references.

=Lying.= _See_ =Deception.--Hypocrite and liar.=

=Macedonia.=

Should Europe interfere in Macedonia? Askew, 1906, p. 148: Briefs and references.

=Machinery.=

Has the introduction of machinery been generally beneficial to mankind? Rowton, p. 220: References.

Has the introduction of machinery done more harm than good? Gibson, p. 127: Briefs and references.

Has the use of machinery been, on the whole, beneficial to the laboring class? Matson, p. 228: Briefs and references.

=Magistrates, Stipendiary.=

Askew, 1906, p. 149; Askew, 1911, p. 157: Briefs.

=Man.=

Have the races of men a specific unity and a common origin? Are the races of men of diverse origin? Matson, p. 401: Briefs and references.

Is the evidence sufficient to prove the great antiquity of the human race? Matson, p. 399: Briefs and references.

Is the savage state the primitive and natural condition of man? Is savagism a degenerate condition of human nature? Matson, p. 402: Briefs and references.

Is there any ground for believing in the ultimate perfection and universal happiness of the human race? Rowton, p. 220: References.

=Man and animals.= _See_ =Human mind and brute mind.=

=Man's intellect and woman's.= _See_ =Woman's intellect and man's.=

=Manufactures and commerce.= _See_ =Commerce and manufactures.=

=Marathon and Waterloo.=

Was the battle of Marathon more important in its results than the battle of Waterloo? Matson, p. 30: Briefs and references.

=Markets= (London). Municipal ownership. _See_ =Municipal ownership.=

=Marriage laws.=

A constitutional amendment should be adopted giving Congress exclusive power to regulate marriage and divorce in the United States. Ringwalt, p. 194: Briefs and references.--C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Reform of marriage laws. Askew, 1906, p. 152; Askew, 1911, p. 158: Briefs.

_See also_ Deceased wife's sister.

=Mary,= _queen of Scots._

Do the facts show the complicity of Mary, queen of Scots, in Darnley's assassination? Matson, p. 58: Briefs and references.

Was the execution of Mary, queen of Scots, justifiable? Matson, p. 59: Briefs and references.--Rowton, p. 207: References.

=Mathematics and philosophy.= _See_ =Philosophy and mathematics.=

=Mathematics and the classics.= _See_ =Classics and mathematics.=

=Maurice and Newman.= _See_ =Newman and Maurice.=

=Mayors.=

All executive duties in American cities should be concentrated in the hands of the mayor and his appointments should not require confirmation. Brookings, p. 49: Briefs and references.

=Mechanic and poet.= _See_ =Poet and mechanic.=

=Mechanics.=

Do the mechanicians of modern equal those of ancient times? Rowton, p. 215: References.

=Mechanics' institutions.=

Have mechanics' institutions answered the expectations of their founders? Rowton, p. 229: References.

=Medical education for women.=

Askew, 1906, p. 226: Briefs.

=Memory and hope.= _See_ =Hope and memory.=

=Men.=

American men of the present day are lacking in chivalrous respect for women. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=Mexico.= Annexation to the United States.

Should Mexico be annexed to the United States? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=Michael Angelo and Raphael.=

Is Michael Angelo a greater artist than Raphael? Matson, p. 370: Briefs and references.

=Microscope and telescope.= _See_ =Telescope and microscope.=

=Middle ages.=

Are there good grounds for applying the term "dark" to the middle ages? Rowton, p. 224: References.

=Middleman, Elimination of.=

Askew, 1906, p. 152: Briefs.

=Military renown.=

Is military renown a fit object of ambition? Rowton, p. 210: References.

=Military service.= _See_ =Army.=

=Milton and Dante.= _See_ =Dante and Milton.=

=Milton and Goethe.= _See_ =Goethe and Milton.=

=Milton and Homer.=

Which was the greater poet, Milton or Homer? Rowton, p. 210: References.

=Milton and Shakespeare.= _See_ =Shakespeare and Milton.=

=Mind force and physical force.=

Is all the force manifested in the material universe to be attributed to the immediate volition of God? Is mind the only real force and the first cause of all motion? Matson, p. 445: Briefs and references.

=Ministers= (of state).

Should ministers hold directorships? Askew, 1906, p. 153; Askew, 1911, p. 158: Briefs.

=Ministers of the gospel.=

May a Christian minister do as much good in pastoral work as by preaching? Matson, p. 499: Briefs and references.

Should clergymen be politicians? Matson, p. 502: Briefs and references.

=Minorities, Rights of.=

Askew, 1906, p. 153: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 159: Briefs.

=Miser and spendthrift.=

Which does the greater injury to society, the miser or the spendthrift? Rowton, p. 185: Briefs and references.

=Misery and happiness.= _See_ =Happiness and misery.=

=Missions.=

Are modern Christian missions a failure? Gibson, p. 130: Briefs and references.

=Mohammedanism.=

Has the influence of Mohammedanism been more evil than good? Matson, p. 476: Briefs and references.

=Monarchy.=

Is a limited monarchy, like that of England, the best form of government? Rowton, p. 218: References.

=Monarchy and republicanism.=

Askew, 1906, p. 154: Briefs and references.--C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=Monasteries.= _See_ =Convents and monasteries.=

=Money.=

International money. Askew, 1906, p. 123: Briefs and references.

_See also_ Bimetallism.--Gold.--Silver.--Tainted money.

=Money and culture.=

Do birth, breeding and culture count in society to-day when weighed against the power of money? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=Mongolian race.= _See_ =Yellow peril.=

=Monopolies.= _See_ =Federal charter and federal control.--Trusts.=

=Monroe doctrine.=

Askew, 1906, p. 155: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 159: Briefs.

The Monroe doctrine has been and will continue to be beneficial to the western hemisphere. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

The Monroe doctrine should be continued as a part of the permanent foreign policy of the United States. Ringwalt, p. 84: Briefs and references.--Thomas, p. 198: Briefs.

The United States should resist by force if need be the colonization of South America by any European nation. Thomas, p. 192: Briefs.

=Montaigne and Addison.=

Is Montaigne a better essayist than Addison? Matson, p. 342: Briefs and references.

=Morality.=

Does morality increase with civilization? Rowton, p. 68: Speeches and references.

Is not private virtue essentially requisite to greatness of public character? Rowton, p. 47: Reference.

_See also_ Immorality.

=Morality and art.= _See_ =Art and morality.=

=Morality and intelligence.= _See_ =Intelligence and morality.=

=Moses and David.=

Was Moses greater than David? Matson, p. 507: Briefs and references.

=Mozart and Beethoven.= _See_ =Beethoven and Mozart.=

=Mrs Grundy.=

Ought we to obey Mrs Grundy? Gibson, p. 110: Briefs and references.

=Municipal dwellings for the poor.= _See_ =Housing problem.=

=Municipal ownership.=

Cities of the United States should own their street railways. Speaker, v. 2, p. 400: Briefs and references.--C. L. of P. Debates: Briefs and references.

Cities should own and control all the public franchises now conferred upon corporations. Craig, p. 337: Outlines.

Municipal gas supply. Gibson, p. 137: Briefs and references.

Municipal trading; shall it be restrained? Askew, 1906, p. 156: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 161: Briefs.

Municipal tramways. Gibson, p. 139: Briefs and references.

Municipalities in the United States should own and operate plants for supplying light, water, and surface transportation. Brookings, p. 132: Briefs and references.--Robbins, p. 134: Briefs and references.

Municipalities in the United States should own and operate plants for supplying light, water and transportation. Debaters' handbook ser., no. 8: Briefs, references and selected articles.

Municipalization of bakehouses. Askew, 1906, p. 23: Briefs and references.

Municipalization of docks (London). Askew, 1906, p. 72: Briefs and references.

Municipalization of gas supply. Askew, 1906, p. 103: Briefs and references.

Municipalization of London markets. Askew, 1906, p. 151: Briefs and references.

Street railways should be owned and operated by municipalities. Ringwalt, p. 184: Briefs and references.--C. L. of P. Debates: References.

=Music in streets.= _See_ =Street music.=

=Mysticism.=

Has mysticism a rightful place in philosophic and religious thought? Has Christian mysticism exerted, on the whole, a favorable influence in the promotion of true piety? Matson, p. 490: Briefs and references.

=Napoleon.=

Did the career of Napoleon Bonaparte make for human progress? C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Is the career of Napoleon indefensible? Matson, p. 71: Briefs and references.

Is the character of Napoleon Bonaparte to be admired? Rowton, p. 199: Briefs and references.

Was the banishment of Napoleon to St. Helena justifiable? Matson, p. 74: Briefs and references.--Rowton, p. 221: References.

=Napoleon and Cromwell.=

Which was the greater man, Oliver Cromwell or Napoleon Bonaparte? Rowton, p. 207: References.

=Napoleon and Hannibal.=

Did Napoleon exhibit as great military genius as Hannibal? Matson, p. 75: Briefs and references.

=Napoleon, Cæsar, Alexander the Great.= _See_ =Alexander the Great, Cæsar, Napoleon.=

=Napoleon, Howard, Watt.=

Which was the greatest man, Bonaparte, Watt, or Howard? Rowton, p. 189: Briefs and references.

=National banks.= _See_ =Banks, National.=

=National character.= _See_ =Character, National.=

=National education.= _See_ =Education, National.=

=National party in politics.=

Askew, 1906, p. 158: Briefs and references.

=National theatre.= _See_ =Theatre, National.=

=National university.=

Is the establishment of a national university by the general government desirable? Matson, p. 248: Briefs and references.

=Naturalization.=

Naturalization laws of the United States should be made more stringent. Ringwalt, p. 1: Briefs and references.

Statute requirements for naturalization in the United States should be increased. Thomas, p. 188: Briefs.

=Naval adviser.=

Is a naval adviser necessary? Askew, 1906, p. 159: Briefs.

=Navigation and railroads.=

The world owes more to navigation than to railroads. Craig, p. 135: Speeches.

=Navy= (United States). Increase.

The American navy should be substantially enlarged. Wisconsin University, no. 386: Arguments and references.

Congress should immediately provide for the further strengthening of the navy. Pearson, p. 293: Report of speeches, and references.

Congress should provide for a large increase in the strength of the navy. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Enlargement of the United States navy. Debaters' handbook ser., no. 7: Selected articles.

It is for the best interest of the United States to build and maintain a large navy. Brookings, p. 78: Briefs and references.

United States should maintain a large navy. Thomas, p. 176: Briefs.

=Nebular hypothesis.=

Does the nebular hypothesis furnish the best natural solution of the origin of the planetary and stellar worlds? Is the nebular hypothesis likely to win an established place in science? Matson, p. 388: Briefs and references.

=Negro suffrage.=

C. L. of P. Debates: References.

Fifteenth amendment. Speaker, v. 4, p. 115: References.

Fifteenth amendment to the constitution should be repealed. Ringwalt, p. 17: Briefs and references.--Robbins, p. 168: Briefs and references.

The methods by which the negroes in the Southern states are excluded from the franchise are justifiable. Thomas, p. 168: Briefs and references.

Ought the negro to have been enfranchised? Matson, p. 147: Briefs and references.

The suffrage should be taken from the negroes in the Southern states. Brookings, p. 6: Briefs and references.

United States government ought to interfere to protect the Southern negro in the exercise of the suffrage. Brookings, p. 3: Briefs and references.

=Newman and Maurice.=

Was J.H. Newman superior in ability, character and influence to F.D. Maurice? Matson, p. 522: Briefs and references.

=Newspapers.= Comic supplement. _See_ =Comic supplement.=

=Newton and Bacon.= _See_ =Bacon and Newton.=

=Newton and Darwin.= _See_ =Darwin and Newton.=

=Nicaragua canal.=

United States ought to construct and operate the Nicaragua canal. Brookings, p. 65: Briefs and references.

United States should build and control the Nicaragua canal. Craig, p. 148: Speeches.

=Nihilism.=

The efforts of the Russian nihilists are entitled to the sympathy of a free people. Brookings, p. 195: Briefs and references.

Is Russian nihilism, considered as a political movement, justifiable? Matson, p. 186: Briefs and references.

=Novels and novel-reading.= _See_ =Fiction.=

=Oaths.=

Is the administering of the oath a necessary and efficient means of securing the truth from witnesses or the faithful discharge of official duty? Should all civil and judicial oaths be abolished? Is the oath as required by human law in accordance with Scripture? Matson, p. 165: Briefs and references.

Is the use of oaths for civil purposes expedient? Rowton, p. 216: References.

=Observation and reading.= _See_ =Reading and observation.=

=Odyssey.= _See_ =Iliad and Odyssey.=

=Old age pensions.=

Askew, 1906, p. 159: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 163: Briefs.

Old age pensions would benefit society. C. L. of P. Debates: References.

State old-age pensions. Gibson, p. 141: Briefs and references.

A system of old age pensions should be adopted by the United States government. Robbins, p. 33: Briefs and references.--Thomas, p. 192: Briefs.

=Oleomargarine.=

Each state has the right to prohibit the sale of oleomargarine within its limits. Brookings, p. 149: Briefs and references.

=Open shop and closed shop.=

Employers of labor are justified in insisting on the "open" shop. Thomas, p. 194: Briefs.

The general welfare of the American people demands the open shop principle in our industries. Speaker, v. 2, p. 398: Report of speeches.--C. L. of P. Debates: References.

In labor disputes workmen are justified in demanding as a condition of settlement that their employers agree to employ only members of trade unions. Pearson, p. 261: Speeches and references.

The movement of organized labor for the closed shop should receive the support of public opinion. Debaters' handbook ser., no. 16: Briefs, references and selected articles.--Wisconsin University, no. 395: Arguments and references.

=Opium habit.= _See_ =Drink and opium.=

=Opium trade.=

Suppression of the opium trade in the East. Askew, 1906, p. 163: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 166: Briefs.

=Opportunities for success.= _See_ =Success.=

=Optimism and pessimism.=

Is the world growing better? Gibson, p. 242: Briefs and references.

Is there more ground for the philosophy of optimism than for the philosophy of pessimism? Matson, p. 443: Briefs and references.

=Oratory.=

Is ancient oratory superior to modern? Matson, p. 280: Briefs and references.

Is modern equal to ancient oratory? Rowton, p. 196: Briefs and references.

Which does the most to make the orator, knowledge, nature or art? Rowton, p. 169: Speeches and references.

=Osborne judgment.=

Osborne judgment; should the law be altered? Askew, 1911, p. 168: Briefs.

=Outdoor relief.=

Should outdoor relief be encouraged? Askew, 1906, p. 165: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 170: Briefs.

Should we abolish outdoor relief? Gibson, p. 144: Briefs and references.

=Painting, Schools of.=

Impressionism in art _versus_ the preraphaelite school. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

=Papacy.= _See_ =Roman Catholic church.= Papacy.

=Paradise lost and Divine comedy.= _See_ =Dante and Milton.=

=Parcels post.=

The federal government should establish a parcels post. Debaters' handbook ser., no. 12: Briefs, references and selected articles.--Thomas, p. 192: Briefs.

The parcels post system advocated by Postmaster General George von L. Meyer should be established. Wisconsin University, no. 204:

References.--Wisconsin University, no. 458: Rev. ed. History, arguments, references.

The United States should establish a parcels post. C. L. of P. Debates: References.

=Parliament.=

Ought official parliamentary expenses to be a local charge? Askew, 1906, p. 159; Askew, 1911, p. 163: Briefs.

Payment of members' and returning officers' expenses. Askew, 1906, p. 173: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 178: Briefs.

Redistribution. Askew, 1906, p. 191: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 198: Briefs.

Shorter Parliaments. Askew, 1906, p. 168: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 172: Briefs.

Should members of Parliament be delegates instead of representatives? Askew, 1906, p. 167: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 172: Briefs.

_See also_ House of lords.

=Parliamentary system and presidential system.= _See_ =Presidential system and parliamentary system.=

=Parnell.=

The memory of Charles Stewart Parnell deserves the gratitude of the Irish people. Brookings, p. 190: Briefs and references.

=Parties, Political.= _See_ =Political parties.=

=Party allegiance.=

Every citizen should give allegiance to some organized political party. Thomas, p. 172: Briefs and references.

It is for the interests of good government that the citizen acts with his party in municipal elections. Brookings, p. 24: Briefs and references.

Party allegiance is preferable to independent action in politics. Brookings, p. 22: Briefs and references.

=Party government.= _See_ =Political parties.=

=Passive resistance.=

Askew, 1906, p. 171: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 176: Briefs.

Is passive resistance justifiable? Gibson, p. 256: Briefs and references.

=Patents.=

Should all patents be abolished? Gibson, p. 146: Briefs and references.

=Paul and John.=

Has Paul been more influential, by his labors and writings, in the development and promotion of Christianity than John? Matson, p. 510: Briefs and references.

=Pauper children.=

Boarding out of pauper children. Askew, 1906, p. 171: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 176: Briefs.

Ought we to board out our pauper children? Gibson, p. 40: Briefs and references.

=Pauperism and illiteracy.=

Is pauperism as great an evil to society as illiteracy? Matson, p. 528: Briefs and references.

=Peace.=

Is universal peace probable? Rowton, p. 187: Briefs and references.

=Peasant proprietorship.= _See_ =Land.=

=The pen and the sword.=

The pen is mightier than the sword. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

_See also_ Warrior and statesman.

=Penny postage.= _See_ =Postal rates.=

=Pensions.=

Is it the duty of a government to make ampler provision for the literary writers of the nation? Rowton, p. 227: References.

The pension policy of the Republican party has been wise. Brookings, p. 75: Briefs and references.

=Pensions, Old age.= _See_ =Old age pensions.=

=Periodicals.=

Have we too many periodicals? Gibson, p. 148: Briefs and references.

=Pessimism and optimism.= _See_ =Optimism and pessimism.=

=Peter the Great and Frederick the Great.= _See_ =Frederick the Great and Peter the Great.=

=Philippine islands.=

Denney, p. 299: Beveridge-Hoar debate on the Philippine question.

The United States should permanently retain the Philippine islands. Ringwalt, p. 75: Briefs and references.--Robbins, p. 146: Briefs and references.

The United States should pledge to grant independence to the Philippine islands on or before 1940. Wisconsin University, no. 462: References.

Would it be advisable for our government to grant absolute independence to the people of the Philippine islands? Craig, p. 463: Speeches.

=Philosophy and mathematics.=

Does the study of philosophy afford a better mental discipline than the study of mathematics? Has mathematics a greater utility than philosophy? Matson, p. 259: Briefs and references.

=Philosophy and poetry.=

Which has done the greater service to truth, philosophy or poetry? Rowton, p. 214: References.

=Photography and engraving.=

Has photography done more to popularize art than engraving? Is photography of greater importance than engraving? Matson, p. 368: Briefs and references.

=Physical force and mind force.= _See_ =Mind force and physical force.=

=Planets.=

Is it probable that the planets or other heavenly bodies are inhabited? Matson, p. 410: Briefs and references.

=Plato and Aristotle.=

Is Plato a greater philosopher than Aristotle? Is the philosophy of Plato, on the whole, superior to that of Aristotle? Matson, p. 425: Briefs and references.

=Plato and Socrates.=

Is philosophy as much indebted to Socrates as to Plato? Should Socrates be held in as high estimation as Plato? Matson, p. 423: Briefs and references.

=Plural voting.= _See_ =Ballot.=

=Plurality of worlds.=

Is there a plurality of worlds? Matson, p. 410: Briefs and references.

=Poet and mechanic.=

Which is the more valuable member of society, a great mechanician or a great poet? Rowton, p. 208: References.

=Poet and statesman.= _See_ =Statesman and poet.=

=Poet, statesman, warrior.= _See_ =Warrior, statesman, poet.=

=Poetry.=

Is the present a poetical age? Rowton, p. 227: References.

=Poetry and philosophy.= _See_ =Philosophy and poetry.=

=Poetry and prose fiction.=

Poetry is a more important element in literature than prose fiction. Wisconsin University, no. 254: Briefs.

=Poetry and science.=

Does the prevalence of natural science tend to check the poetic spirit? Matson, p. 363: Briefs and references.

=Police.=

Police; metropolitan and popular control. Askew, 1906, p. 176: Briefs and references.

=Political parties.=

Are the benefits of party government greater than its evils? Is the existence of parties necessary in a free government? Is party spirit productive of more evil than good? Matson, p. 143: Briefs and references.

Is the existence of parties in a state favorable to the public welfare? Rowton, p. 220: References.

Party government. Askew, 1906, p. 170: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 174: Briefs.

Party government; is it a useful or mischievous system? Gibson, p. 108: Briefs and references.

_See also_ Independent Labour party.--Labor party.--National party.--Party allegiance.--Populist party.--Republican party.

=Pooling.=

The interstate commerce act should be so amended as to allow pooling. Brookings, p. 137: Briefs and references.

The United States should continue its present policy of opposing the combination of railroads. Speaker, v. 3, p. 93: Briefs and references.--C. L. of P. Debates: Briefs.

=Poor, Housing of the.= _See_ =Housing problem.=

=Pope.=

Ought Pope to rank in the first class of poets? Rowton, p. 220: References.

=Pope and Dryden.= _See_ =Dryden and Pope.=

=Pope= (Roman Catholic church). _See_ =Roman Catholic church.= Papacy.

=Population.=

The growth of population is advancing more rapidly than the resources for its comfortable maintenance permit. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

Limited population. Askew, 1906, p. 176: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 183: Briefs.

=Populist party.=

Supporters of the Populist party have substantial grievances which their movement is likely to relieve. Brookings, p. 16: Briefs and references.

=Postal rates.=

United States should adopt penny postage. Craig, p. 86: Speeches.

=Postal savings banks.=

The federal government should establish a system of postal savings banks. Thomas, p. 190: Briefs.

It is not good policy for the government of the United States to establish a system of postal savings. Craig, p. 286: Speeches.

The postal savings bank scheme as advocated by Postmaster General Meyer should be put into operation in the United States. Pearson, p. 481: Report of debate, and references.

A system of postal savings banks should be established in the United States. Ringwalt, p. 151: Briefs and references.--Wisconsin University, no. 215: References.--C. L. of P. Debates: References.

=Postal telegraph.=

The government should maintain and operate a telegraph system in connection with the post-office. Ringwalt, p. 174: Briefs and references.

Should our national government establish postal telegraphy? Matson, p. 178: Briefs and references.

=Poverty and wealth.=

It is better to be born to poverty than to wealth. C. L. of P. Reference lists.

_See also_ Crime.

=Preaching.=

Should all preaching be extempore? Should the written sermon be permitted to hold the place it has gained in general preaching? Matson, p. 501: Briefs and references.

Should political subjects be introduced into the pulpit? Matson, p. 502: Briefs and references.

Would not pulpit oratory become more effective if the clergy were to preach extemporaneously? Rowton, p. 231: References.

_See also_ Pulpit and press.

=Premature burial.= _See_ =Burial, Premature.=

=President.= Election.

The president of the United States should be elected by direct popular vote. Pattee, p. 96: Brief (affirmative).

Presidential electors should be chosen by districts instead of on a general ticket. Brookings, p. 30: Briefs and references.

Should the present method of electing the president be superseded by some other method? Should electors for president and vice-president be elected by the vote of the congressional districts, with two at large for each state, instead of upon general ticket? Should the president be elected by a direct popular vote, counted by federal numbers? or should the president be elected by a majority of the nation's voters, voting directly? Matson, p. 155: Briefs and references.

Should the president and the Senate of the United States be elected by a direct vote of the people? Craig, p. 258: Speeches.

=President.= Term of office.

The presidential term should consist of six years without subsequent re-election, instead of the present term of four years. C. L. of P. Debates: References.

=Presidential system and parliamentary system.=

For the United States the presidential system is a better form of government than the parliamentary system. Pearson, p. 367: Report of debate, and references.--Speaker, v. 4, p. 248: Briefs and references.

=Press, Liberty of.= _See_ =Liberty of the press.=

=Press and pulpit.= _See_ =Pulpit and press.=

=Primaries.=

Nomination of officers by caucuses, or primaries, should be abandoned. Thomas, p. 164: Briefs.

State, county and city officers should be nominated by conventions rather than by direct primaries. Speaker, v. 6, p. 82: Briefs and references.

State, district, county and city officers should be nominated by direct primaries held under state regulation rather than by delegate convention. Robbins, p. 158: Briefs and references.

The system of direct primary nominations is preferable to that of nomination by caucus and convention. Debaters' handbook ser., no. 5: Briefs, references and selected articles.

=Primitive man.= _See_ =Man.=

=Primitive religion.= _See_ =Religion.=

=Primogeniture.=

Abolition of the law of primogeniture. Askew, 1911, p. 186: Briefs.

=Printing-press and steam-engine.=

Which has done the greater service to mankind, the printing press or the steam engine? Rowton, p. 153: Speeches and references.

=Prison labor.= _See_ =Convict labor.=

=Prisons.=

Prison reform. Askew, 1906, p. 184: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 186: Briefs.

Should our prisons be reformed? Gibson, p. 150: Briefs and references.

Should the chief purpose of a prison be to punish or to reform? Matson, p. 162: Briefs and references.

_See also_ Indeterminate sentence.--Punishment.

=Private property at sea.=

Private property at sea; should it be exempt from capture? Askew, 1911, p. 187: Briefs.

=Probation after death.=

Is the hypothesis of a probation after death rational and probable? Does human probation terminate at death? Matson, p. 494: Briefs and references.

=Professionalism in foot-ball and in cricket.=

Askew, 1906, p. 185: Briefs.

=Profit-sharing.=

Askew, 1906, p. 186: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 191: Briefs.

Is profit-sharing the cure for labour-troubles? Gibson, p. 153: Briefs and references.

=Prohibition.= _See_ =Liquor question.=

=Proportional representation.=

Askew, 1906, p. 186: Briefs and references.--Askew, 1911, p. 192: Briefs.

Legislative bodies should be chosen by a system of proportional representation. Ringwalt, p. 59: Briefs and references.

Members of the legislature of the state of Wisconsin should be chosen by a system of proportional representation. Wisconsin University, no. 225: References.

State legislatures should be elected by a system of proportional representation. Thomas, p. 168: Briefs and references.

=Protection and free trade.=

A high protective tariff raises wages. Brookings, p. 99: Briefs and references.

Imperial preferential tariffs. Askew, 1906, p. 177: Briefs and references.

Our legislation should be shaped toward the abandonment of the protective tariff. Pearson, p. 111: Synopsis of debate, and references.

Protection is preferable to free trade as a commercial policy for the United States. Ringwalt, p. 95: Briefs and references.

A protective tariff is a commercial and economic advantage to the United States. Thomas, p. 172: Briefs and references.

Shall we go back to protection? Gibson, p. 261: Briefs and references.

Tariff for revenue only is of greater benefit to the people of the United States than a protective tariff. Craig, p. 160: Speeches.

Tariff reform. Askew, 1911, p. 225: Briefs.

The tariff should be for revenue only. Foster, p. 380: Speech of F.H. Hurd (affirmative).

The time has now come when the policy of protection should be abandoned by the United States. Brookings, p. 96: Briefs and references.

Which is the true economic policy for nations, protection or free trade? Is protection or free trade the wiser policy for the United States? Should a tariff be levied exclusively for revenue? Does protection protect? Matson, p. 198: Briefs and references.

_See also_ Steel.--Sugar.--Wool.

=Psychical research.=

Askew, 1906, p. 188: Briefs and references.

=Public trustees.=

Askew, 1911, p. 193: Briefs.

=Publishers and authors.= _See_ =Authors and publishers.=

=Pulpit and press.=

Is the pulpit more influential than the press? Matson, p. 504: Briefs and references.

Which exerts the greater influence, the pulpit or the press? Gibson, p. 165: Briefs and references.

=Pulpit oratory.= _See_ =Preaching.=

=Punishment.= Should not all punishment be reformatory? Rowton, p. 218: References.

=Punishment, Capital.= _See_ =Capital punishment.=

=Punishment, Corporal.= _See_ =Corporal punishment.=

=Punishment and reward.=

The fear of punishment has a greater influence on human conduct than the hope of reward. Craig, p. 77: Speeches.