Chapter M: Macaulay on slavery: article, VI. 71 (1)

Macaulay, Zachary, the abolitionist, VI. 76.

McClellan, George B., Gen., letter of, as Democratic candidate for
Presidency in 1864, XI. 428, 478.
Effect of a vote for, XI. 431 _et seq._

Mackintosh, Sir James, on mediation, X. 53.
On recognition of new States, X. 112.

McLane, Louis, suggests Missouri Compromise in House of Representatives,
IV. 104, 116; VII. 29.

Madison, James, opposes admission of idea of slavery into the
Constitution, III. 17, 278; VI. 227; X. 358; XIII. 120.
On representation, IV. 46; XIII. 320.
On British impressment of American seamen, VIII. 48, 50.
On seizure of ambassadors and others in neutral ships, VIII. 57-59.
On necessity of guaranty of republican government for States, X. 212;
XIII. 139.
On republican government, XIII. 179-182.
On power of Congress to correct inequality of suffrage, XIII. 215; XVI.
251; XVII. 45.
His desire for nationality, XVI. 35.
On suspension of the President, XVI. 91, 93.
On reasons for impeaching the President, XVI. 147.
On the pretension that offices are spoils of victory, XX. 116.

Magicienne, case of the, XIV. 96.

Mails, removal of disqualification of color in carrying the, VIII. 247.

Male suffrage, an educational test of, XIV. 228; XVI. 348 _et seq._

Man, no property in, VI. 131, 218, 319; VIII. 261; XI. 173.
Equal rights of, XVII. 134; XIX. 249.
The Bible on Unity of, XVII. 147;
Humboldt on same, XVII. 156 _et seq._
True unity of, XVII. 157-162; XVIII. 250,--same recognized by
scientific men, XVII. 159-161.
See _Races_.

Manilius, “Astronomicon” of, X. 252.

Mann, Horace, letters on statue of, VI. 78; VII. 20.

Mansfield, Lord, on popularity, I. 283; II. 180.
On the authority necessary for slavery, III. 275; VI. 223; VIII. 274;
X. 343.
His decree annulling slavery in England, III. 302; IV. 310-313; VIII.
279; XI. 236; XII. 158.
His decision in the Lewis kidnapping case, IV. 303.
Character of, IV. 309.
On levying war, VIII. 125.
On reprisals, XVI. 302.

Manufactures, in slave and free States, VI. 147.

Maritime Rights. See _Trent Case_ and _Neutral Rights_.

Marque and Reprisal, letters of. See _Letters of Marque and Reprisal_.

Marshall, Chief-Justice, compared to Judge Story, I. 143.
On authority for infringement of rights, VI. 224; X. 343.
On British impressment of American seamen, VIII. 47.
On bills of credit, VIII. 184.
On confiscation in war, IX. 69.
On power of Congress over Territories, X. 209; XI. 368.
On claims for French spoliations, XI. 88, 128.
His decision on State taxation of national banks, XI. 249.
On power of Congress over inter-State intercourse by railway, XII.
113 _et seq._
On powers of Congress under the Constitution, XIII. 216, 273, 278;
XVIII. 29; XIX. 277.
On an attempt to evade neutral obligations, XX. 18.

Maryland, laws of, on slavery, III. 220; VIII. 272.
Its laws adopted in District of Columbia, III. 221; VIII. 271.
Statutes of, on pardoning power, III. 225 _et seq._
Necessity of colored suffrage in, XV. 200.

Mason, James M., Senator from Virginia, attacks of, answered, IV.
175-177, 212; V. 255.
Author of Fugitive-Slave Bill, IV. 213; X. 392,--challenged to defend
same, IV. 213-216.
His enmity to Kansas, V. 243 _et seq._
On slavery, VI. 123.
His treasonable actions, VIII. 32.
Seizure of, on the Trent, VIII. 33.
On the fugitive clause in the Constitution, X. 371.
On trial by jury for fugitive slaves, X. 380.

Massachusetts, seal of, I. 94.
Exertions of, against slavery, I. 308; VII. 13-16, 264.
Should demand abolition of slavery, I. 309.
Arguments before Supreme Court of, I. 352; III. 51.
Laws of, on militia, I. 359 _et seq._, 368.
Governor of, grants petition for ransoming slaves in Barbary States,
II. 52.
Aids Gen. Taylor’s nomination, II. 233.
Address previous to the State election of 1848, II. 316.
Vote of, in Presidential election, II. 316.
Resolutions of Legislature of, on substitutes for war, II. 406.
Influence of corporations in, III. 42.
Need of reform in its representative system, III. 43; IV. 35.
Constitution of, on equality, III. 64.
Allows no color-distinction in her schools, III. 66, 85;
nor her courts, III. 69.
Favors national grants to Land States, III. 207, 208.
Opposition of, to Stamp Act, III. 340; IV. 166.
History of its representative system, IV. 39-44.
Influence of towns in, IV. 50.
Origin and character of Bill of Rights of, IV. 63-71.
Account of slavery in, IV. 187-190; VII. 11-15; XI. 448; XII. 145.
Number of troops furnished by, in Revolutionary War, IV. 198; V. 206.
James Otis an example to, IV. 237.
Duties of, at the present crisis (1854), IV. 255.
Colonial law of, against witchcraft, IV. 276.
Influence of, V. 205; VI. 34-35; VII. 8, 16; XII. 315.
Her desire for freedom in Kansas, V. 206.
Should help Kansas, V. 343; VI. 44.
Appeal to young men of, VI. 7.
Unworthy conduct of some citizens of, in regard to Kansas, VI. 36.
Mr. Sumner’s letter to people of, previous to his sailing for Europe
in 1858, VI. 62.
Example of, against slavery, VII. 5.
Duties of citizens of, VII. 7.
Early history of, III. 8-16.
First settlers of, VII. 8; XI. 448.
Paper money in, VIII. 187 _et seq._
Favors justice to all, XVIII. 158.

Mayflower, the, and the slave-ship, VII. 8; X. 260; XI. 446.
Carlyle on, XI. 447.

Mechanics in the Civil War, justice to, XIV. 43.

Mediation, a substitute for war, I. 51.
Uninvited, not allowable in civil war, X. 49, 85.
Mackintosh on, X. 53.

Memphis and Shreveport, aid to sufferers by yellow fever at, XX. 281.

Mercantile Library Association of Boston, address before, IV. 283.

Merchant, position and duties of the, illustrated by the life of
Granville Sharp, IV. 283.

Merchants, American, in Paris, letter to, VI. 56.
Unjust arrest and prosecution of two Boston, XII. 209.

Metric System of weights and measures, XIV. 148.
Invention of, XIV. 156.
Explained, XIV. 158-160.
Advantages of, XIV. 160-163.

Mexican War, injustice of, I. 307, 319, 322, 335, 377.
Caused by slavery, I. 307, 322, 335, 377.
Beginning of, I. 318.
Bill and amendment to raise supplies for, I. 319 _et seq._;
arguments against same, I. 321.
Slavery and the: speech, I. 333.
Denounced by Whig Convention, I. 336.
Mr. Winthrop’s actions in regard to, I. 338.
Whigs should oppose, I. 339.
United States should abandon, I. 340.
Invalidity of enlistments in Massachusetts regiment of volunteers for
the, I. 352.
A war of aggression, I. 379.
Expenses of, I. 379.
Compared to Revolutionary War, I. 382.

Mexico, wrongful declaration of war against, I. 317.
Withdrawal of American troops from, I. 374.
Help for, against foreign intervention, VIII. 227.
Debt of, to allied powers, VIII. 232.
Securities for loan to, VIII. 234.
Remarks on resolutions against French interference in, IX. 257.
French expedition to, X. 42.
Mediation between contending parties in, XV. 174.
Alaman’s prophecy concerning, XV. 426-428.
See _Mexican War_.

Michigan, account of irregular admission of, into the Union, V. 222-232;
debates in Congress on same quoted, V. 223-225, 227-229.

Military Government of rebel States, IX. 119; X. 168-175; XI. 365;
XIV. 326.
Subordinate to civil, in the United States, X. 170, 194; XIV. 326;
XVIII. 51.
Jefferson on, X. 170; XIV. 342; XVII. 151.
Under Cromwell, X. 171 _et seq._
Congressional government preferable to, for rebel States, X. 173-175,
194; XIV. 326 _et seq._

Militia, of United States, not needed for defence or as police, I. 91;
II. 363,--not volunteers, I. 357,--cost of, II. 367,--power of
Congress over, I. 354; IV. 21, 26-30,--distinguished from army,
I. 355.
Of England, I. 357; IV. 29.
C. Turner on, I. 358.
Laws of Massachusetts on, I. 359 _et seq._, 368.
Testimony to unpopularity of, in Massachusetts, II. 364.
Substitute for, II. 365;
Sir W. Jones’s suggestion for same, II. 366.
Powers of the State over, IV. 20, 25.
Exemptions from service in, for conscientious scruples, IV. 23.
Colored companies in, IV. 25.
Volunteer, are not national, IV. 31.

Mills, John, Free-Soil candidate for Lieut.-Governor of Massachusetts in
1848 and 1849, II. 318; III. 44.

Milton, on early rising, I. 204.
His labors for liberty compared to Channing’s, I. 292.
On virtue in individuals and States, I. 380.
On slavery, II. 100; XI. 204.
On war, II. 185.
On true glory, II. 199.
On settlement of America, XV. 265.

Mints, branch, and coinage, XI. 263.
In France, XI. 264.
Dumas’ report on French, XI. 265 _et seq._
In United States, XI. 267-269.
Cost of, XI. 274 _et seq._

Misprision of treason, definitions of, XVI. 80.
Penalty for, in United States, XVI. 81.

Mississippi, origin of repudiation in, XVI. 275; XVII. 105,--Judge Curtis
on same, XVII. 105 _et seq._
Admission of, to representation in Congress, XVIII. 1.

Mississippi, the, union of, with the lakes by canal, IX. 320.
Reconstruction of levees of, XIV. 358.

Missouri, protests against admission of, into Union in 1819, I. 152-154;
IV. 106.
History of its admission, IV. 102-115.
Invasions of Kansas from, V. 162-167; VI. 368.
Speech on aid to emancipation in, IX. 266.
Enfranchisement in, XVI. 331.

Missouri Compromise, no repeal of the, IV. 81.
Adoption of, IV. 91, 111-115; VII. 29 _et seq._; XVI. 231.
Not repealed by Slavery Acts of 1850, IV. 93.
Origin of, and debates on, in Congress, IV. 101-118.
Carried by the South, IV. 113, 116-118; V. 67, 152; VII. 29,--but
repudiated by same, IV. 118; V. 67, 153; VI. 332.
Repeal of, by Nebraska Bill, V. 157; VI. 366.

Monopolies, unlawful, XII. 127;
Webster on, XII. 127, 128.

Montana, colored suffrage in, XI. 62.

Montcalm, Louis, Marquis de, reputed predictions by, concerning America,
XV. 318-321.

Montesquieu, on trial by battle, I. 37; II. 349.
On honor, I. 62.
On Africans, VI. 166; XII. 168.
On international law, XII. 86.
His definition of a republic, XIII. 149, 198; XVII. 114.
On America, XV. 296.
On armies, XVIII. 247.

Moral and Political Sciences, national academy of, XI. 401.

Morrill, Lot M., Senator from Maine, reply to his criticisms on the
supplementary civil-rights bill, XIX. 265-287.

Morse, Samuel F. B., letter to, VI. 64.

Morton, Oliver P., Senator from Indiana, answer to his remarks on
annexion of San Domingo, XVIII. 273-275.

Motley, John Lothrop, XIX. 106.
His removal from the English mission, XIX. 109.
Mr. Sumner’s influence on his nomination, XIX. 117 _et seq._
His memoir on the Alabama claims, XIX. 120, 122.
Testimony of English press to, XIX. 123.

Motto, of Massachusetts, I. 94 (see _note_).
Of United States, XVI. 45;
history of same, XVI. 46.

N.

Naboth’s Vineyard: a speech, XVIII. 257.

Napier, Sir William, on war, I. 12, 34.
On storming of Badajoz, I. 23.

Napoleon I., horrors of his wars, I. 22-26.
On war, I. 33, 34; II. 353.
On value of time, I. 188.
Channing’s essay on, I. 295.
On inability of brute force to create anything durable, II. 376; IX.
231.
His plans for peace, II. 419.
Restrains confiscation in France, IX. 56.
Mediation of, in Switzerland, X. 63.
On claims for French spoliations, XI. 131.
On equality, XIII. 200.
His seizure of English travellers, XVI. 307;
Alison’s account of same, XVI. 307;
same condemned by Napoleon himself and Junot, XVI. 308.

Nasby Letters, quotation from, XIX. 296.
Introduction to, XX. 65.

Nation, are we a? XVI. 3.
Meaning of, XVI. 9 _et seq._;
authorities on same, XVI. 11-13.
Supremacy of the, XVI. 60.

National Banks, the, and the currency, XI. 245.
Exemption of, from State taxation, XI. 246-254, 260-262;
judgment of Chief-Justice Marshall on same, XI. 249.
Purpose of, XI. 257.
Extension of, XVII. 113, 249;
remarks on introducing bill for same, XVII. 184.
Advantages of, XVII. 249.
Propositions concerning, XVII. 249-251, 261, 295-298.
Power of Congress over, XVII. 293-296.

National Debt, obligation of the, XII. 318, 326; XIII. 99; XVI. 268-277,
355.
Denounced by Rebels, XII. 324; XIII. 68 _et seq._
Diminution of interest on, XVI. 279; XVII. 238, 262, 288 _et seq._
Time of its payment, XVI. 280; XVII. 111, 238-241, 291 _et seq._
Amount of, in 1868 and 1869, XVI. 282; XVII. 108.
Posterity should bear the burden of, XVII. 239.
Interest on, where payable, XVII. 243.

Nations, equality of, X. 48; XIX. 67, 156,--authorities stating same,
XIX. 68-71.
Bound to good faith, as neutrals, XX. 14.
Neutral, cannot furnish arms to belligerents directly, XX. 15;
or indirectly, XX. 16,--authorities declaring same, XX. 18-20,
41-44 (_Appendix_).

Naturalization, without distinction of race or color, XV. 238; XVIII.
144;
conformity of same with Declaration of Independence, XVIII. 151
_et seq._, 160;
and with the Constitution, XVIII. 160.

Naval Academy, appointments to the, IX. 301.

Navies of Europe, before 1845, I. 76.

Navy, cost of vessels in United States, I. 81 _et seq._, 88.
Not needed except as police, I. 89; II. 374.
Names of ships in British, II. 360.
Flogging abolished in United States, III. 126.
British criticism on United States, in our Civil War, IX. 347.
Of United States, supports Baez in San Domingo, XVIII. 271, 303; XX.
148,--and menaces Hayti, XVIII. 277, 303; XIX. 49; XX. 151;
testimony to same, XIX. 27, 42, 45, 48-66, 88.

Navy Department, testimony of, to intervention of United States ships at
San Domingo and Hayti, XIX. 51-66.

Nebraska, objections to admission of, as a State, XIV. 128-146.

Nebraska and Kansas Bill denounced, IV. 86, 94, 147.
Importance of question of, IV. 90.
Object of, IV. 92.
Arguments in support of, refuted, IV. 97-99; V. 153 _et seq._
A breach of public faith, IV. 100;
and a departure from original policy of the country, IV. 121.
Not demanded by northern sentiment, IV. 131-146.
Mr. Sumner’s final protest against, for himself and the clergy of
N. E., IV. 140.
May cause war, IV. 146.
Passage of the, IV. 260; V. 154.
A swindle, V. 155.
Despoils people of Kansas of sovereignty, V. 155; VI. 367.
Its repeal of Missouri Compromise, V. 157; VI. 366.
Squatter Sovereignty in, a trick, VI. 366.

Negotiation, substitute for war, I. 51.

Nepotism, origin and history of, XX. 103-110.
American authorities on, XX. 111-114.
Presidential apologies for, XX. 115-117.
Improper in a republic, XX. 214.

Neutral Duties, XX. 5.
Authorities declaring, XX. 15, 18-20, 41-44 (_Appendix_).
Testimony to observance of, by United States, XX. 22-24.

Neutral Rights, testimony to British policy in regard to, VIII. 42-56,
63, 64, 67; XII. 16-32, 38-41,--and to American policy on, VIII.
45-54, 57-62, 64 _et seq._, 68-71; XII. 13.
Testimony of Continental Europe to, VIII. 63, 65,--especially of
France, VIII. 63-70.
French violations of, XI. 82, 110.
The Abbé Galiani’s work on, XV. 360.
See _Right of Search_.

Neutral Waters, British seizures in, XII. 12, 16-32, 38-41.
Authorities respecting seizures in, XII. 13 _et seq._;
policy of United States as to same, XII. 14.

New England Society at New York, letter to, X. 260.
Speech at dinner of, XX. 291.

New Jersey, railroad usurpation in, XII. 105;
testimony to same, XII. 108-111.

New Year’s Day, 1871, XVIII. 300.

New York City, letters to Republicans of, in 1860, VI. 302, 346.
Reform of abuses in its government, XX. 6.

New York Tribune, the, XX. 251 _et seq._

Niagara, a ship-canal at, XIV. 99.

Noel, John W., Representative from Missouri, remarks on death of, X. 293.

Norfolk Agricultural Society, letter to, IV. 280.

Normal Schools, equal rights of colored fellow-citizens in, XX. 268.

North, the, when will it be aroused? IV. 137.
Duties of, concerning slavery, V. 38-48; VI. 317.
Must unite against Slave Power, V. 50.
Outrages on citizens of, in slave States, VI. 187-189, 191-196.
Must stand firm against all compromise, VII. 205.

North and South, hope of their union, IV. 136.
Their respective contributions to the Revolutionary War, IV. 196-211.
Desire for reconciliation between, XX. 192-194, 197, 227-229, 253
_et seq._

North Carolina, colored suffrage in, VI. 292; XI. 287-289; XIII. 191.
Closing of colored schools in, IX. 112.
Laws of, on slavery, quoted, IX. 162-164.

Nullification, Jackson’s letter on object of, VII. 166, 320.
Described, XVI. 58.

O.

Oath to support the Constitution, requirements of, IV. 177-183, 269-271;
VIII. 221; XIX. 312,--authorities on same, IV. 177-181, 269 _et seq._
See _Custom-house Oaths_ and _Iron-clad Oath_.

Ocean Telegraph, the, between Europe and America, XIV. 220, 301.

Offices, protection for incumbents of, XIV. 241, 254-258.
Locality in appointment to, XVII. 94.
Presidential prerogative as to, XX. 115 _et seq._
See _Tenure-of-Office Act_.

One-cent Postage, XVIII. 57.
Reasons for, XVIII. 85, 98-107, 113 _et seq._

One-man Power, the, _vs._ Congress, XIV. 181.

Ordinance of Freedom in the Northwest Territory, authorship of, III. 253.
Adoption of, VII. 58; XVI. 230.
Validity of, defended by Webster and Chase, XVI. 231-234.
Opposition to, XVI. 234.
Does not authorize unlimited equality of States, XVI. 242.

Oregon, establishment of a branch mint in, XI. 263.

Otis, James, an example to Massachusetts, IV. 237.
On slavery, XII. 150; XIII. 164.
His exertions against taxation without representation, XIII. 158-165,
295-298.
Asserts equality of all men, XIII. 295.

Overstone, Lord, on paper money, VIII. 200-202.
On need of postal reform, XVIII. 73, 99-101.

P.

Pacific Coast, advantages to, of cession of Russian America, XV. 36-39.
Jefferson and Webster on future government of, XV. 52, 412 _et seq._
See _California_.

Pacific Railroad, IV. 32; IX. 318.

Paley, William, on right of revolution, II. 336.
On law of nations, II. 340, 341.
His works, XV. 402.
His prediction concerning America, XV. 402.
His exertions against the slave-trade, XV. 403.

Palfrey, John G., liberation of slaves by, I. 151, 292; II. 75.

Palmerston, Lord, on armed intervention in Italy, X. 69.
Exertions of, against slavery, X. 77-83.

Paper Money, debates in National Convention on empowering Congress to
issue, VIII. 185.
In American history, VIII. 187-190.
Policy of issuing, VIII. 192, 205-207; XVI. 288; XVII. 110.
Evils of, in United States, VIII. 193; XVI. 285, 289, 359,--and in
France, VIII. 194; XVI. 359.
Testimony of English Parliamentary Report of 1857 on, VIII. 197-202.
In English history, VIII. 203 _et seq._;
and in French, VIII. 204.
See _Treasury Notes_.

Parchment, use of, in legislative proceedings, VIII. 372.
Proceedings for discontinuing use of, in Parliament, VIII. 376-379.

Pardoning Power, of the President, III. 219.
In common law, III. 224.
Under Maryland statutes, III. 225.
Under the Constitution, III. 226-230.
Story on, III. 227.
Judicial decisions on, III. 227-229.

Paris, Peace Congress at, III. 117.
Letter to American merchants in, VI. 56.

Parker, Theodore, reminiscence of, VII. 22.
On appointment of relations to office, XX. 114.

Parliament, English authorities on privileges of, VI. 93 _et seq._
Quorum of, IX. 169-171.
Powers of presiding officers of, XVI. 103-120, 125-127.
Usage of, in impeachments, XVI. 149-155, 158-160.
Authorities on its powers over its prisoners, XVI. 102-105.
Judicial decisions denying applicability of its laws to colonial
assemblies, XVI. 110-112.
Number of members of, XX. 2.
Cases in its history, illustrating rule for appointment of committees,
XX. 49-53.

Parties, and importance of a Free-Soil organization, II. 299.
Object of, II. 304; IV. 6; VI. 308.
Changes in, necessary, II. 304; IV. 6.
Webster on, II. 304.
Instances of changes in, in France, England, and United States, II.
305; IV. 7.
Evils of, II. 306; XI. 438.
Channing and Wayland on need of new, II. 312.
Political, and our foreign-born population, V. 62.
Strife of, during war, unpatriotic, IX. 198.

Pascal, on glory, II. 177.
On progress, II. 258.

Patents, in slave and free States, VI. 157.
Denial of, to colored inventors, VIII. 6.

Patriotism, heathen, exaggerated, I. 68.
Cicero on, I. 68.
Andrew Fletcher on, I. 69, 326; XII. 64; XIII. 123.
Natural, I. 70.
Higher, defined, I. 71.
Josiah Quincy on, I. 325.

Paul, St., his epistle to Philemon not an argument for slavery, V. 21-23.

Peabody, George, speech on resolution giving thanks of Congress to,
XIV. 317.

Peace, enjoyed by weak nations, I. 99.
Illustrations of, produced by gentleness, I. 102-107.
Victories of, I. 127.
Cause of, II. 330;
sneers at same, II. 331 _et seq._
Individual efforts for, II. 384-400; XVIII. 233-236.
Blessings of universal, II. 417; XVIII. 249.
Napoleon’s plans for, II. 419.
Plea for, II. 420.
Auguries of, II. 422.
A victory of, XIV. 301.
Inscription in Thibet declaring, XVIII. 250 _et seq._

Peace Congress, at Brussels, II. 402;
resolutions of same, II. 403.
At Paris, III. 117;
resolutions of same, III. 118.

Peace Society, American, address before, II. 323.
Object of, II. 331, 338.
Its aims not visionary, II. 333, 411.
Right of self-defence and revolution not denied by, II. 337.
Founded by W. Ladd, II. 400.

Pen, the, better than the sword, V. 58.

Penn, William, conduct of, to the Indians, I. 117.
His labors for peace, II. 387.

Pennsylvania System of prison discipline, established in Pa., I. 169;
II. 121.
Present, not solitary, I. 169.
Explained, I. 170; II. 117, 122.
Best promotes reformation, I. 173.
Objections to, refuted, I. 174-176; II. 144.
Foreign opinions on, I. 176; II. 132.
Adopted extensively in Europe, I. 177; II. 133-137, 146.
Advocated by E. Livingston and Miss Dix, I. 178;
and by Suringar, I. 180.
Unjustly treated by Boston Prison-Discipline Society, I. 179; II. 108,
124 _et seq._
Modes of applying, II. 123.
G. Combe on, II. 126-128.
Roscoe quoted on, II. 128.
Lafayette quoted on, II. 130.
Compared to Auburn system, II. 144-146.

Pensions, not granted for civil services in United States, IV. 233.

Peonage, prohibition of, XIV. 232.

Person, in the Constitution, includes slaves and Indians, III. 298; VIII.
277; XI. 194.

Petition, refusal of right of, to colored persons, VI. 288.
Right of, personal, VI. 289;
and secured by the Constitution to the people, VI. 294.
Interruption of right of, XIV. 86.

Pettigru, James L., of South Carolina, remarks on a resolution for
purchase of his law library, XIV. 103.

Phi Beta Kappa Oration, at Harvard University in 1846, I. 241.
At Union College, II. 240.

Phillips, Stephen C., Free-Soil candidate for Governor of Massachusetts
in 1848 and 1849, II. 317; III. 43.

Philology, comparative, value of, I. 257.

Physicians, colored, XVII. 186.

Pickering, John, biographical sketch of, I. 214.
Letters of Dr. Clarke to, quoted, I. 215.
Compared to Sir W. Jones, I. 237.
Tribute to, as scholar, in Phi Beta Kappa oration, I. 249-258.

Pierce, Franklin, President of United States, his usurpation in
abrogating treaty with Denmark, V. 101.
Admits illegal actions in Kansas, V. 162.
Has power to interfere in Kansas, V. 187, 191 _et seq._
Enforces surrender of Anthony Burns, V. 189 _et seq._
Compared to George III., V. 209 _et seq._, 238.

Pilgrim Forefathers, our, IV. 74-79; XX. 291.

Pinkney, William, on slavery, III. 289; VIII. 262; XII. 155.
Suggests Missouri Compromise in Senate, IV. 110, 117.

Plato, on honor, I. 64.
On true goodness, I. 123.
On atoning for slaughter by prayer, II. 362.

Plymouth, speech at festival of Aug. 1, 1853, IV. 73.

Plymouth Rock, finger-point from, IV. 73.

Politics, our, seen from a distance VI. 60.

Polk, Trusten, of Missouri, expulsion of, from the Senate, VIII. 12.

Polygamy, in Territories, may be suppressed by Congress, IV. 129; VII. 1.
In Utah, VII. 63.

Poor, Rear-Admiral, orders of, respecting San Domingo and Hayti, XIX. 57.
Interview of, with President of Hayti, XIX. 64-66.

Popular Sovereignty, not infringed by prohibition of slavery in
Territories, IV. 127.
Cannot establish slavery in same, V. 156; VI. 230, 364; VII. 41.
The pretended principle of Douglas party in 1860, VI. 362.
Proclaimed by Declaration of Independence, VI. 363; VII. 50; XVII.
217,--but limited by same, VI. 364; VII. 52; XVII. 218.
Origin and development of perversion of, VI. 365 _et seq._
True, defined, VII. 53.
Disturbing influence of pretension of, VII. 62.
See _Squatter Sovereignty_.

Population, amount required for admission of new States, V. 218-221.
Of slave and free States, VI. 144 _et seq._, 328.
Predicted increase of, in United States, VII. 47; XVI. 280; XVII. 239.

Portraits, the best, in engraving, XIX. 175.
Collections of, XIX. 177-179.

Portugal, British violation of territory of, XII. 27-32.
Testimony of, against slavery, XII. 173-175.

Post-Office, the, originally a source of revenue in England, XVIII.
62-64.
In the Colonies, XVIII. 66-68.
Need of reform in, in England, XVIII. 68;
testimony to same, XVIII. 72-75;
accomplishment of same, XVIII. 76.
Unjust burdens on United States, XVIII. 90-95.
Expense to, not caused by distance, XVIII. 95-97;
authorities proving same, XVIII. 95 _et seq._
Not a taxing machine, but a beneficent agency, XVIII. 107-109.
Need not support itself, XVIII. 109-112.

Postage, cheap ocean, III. 215; XVII. 1.
Amount collected in slave and free States, VI. 149.
In Continental Europe and England, XVIII. 61.
Penny, established in England, XVIII. 76;
results of same, XVIII. 77-80, 87, 104.
Need of cheap, in United States, XVIII. 81, 112.
Various rates of United States, XVIII. 82-85.
Results of reduction of, in England and United States, XVIII. 87-90.
See _One-cent Postage_.

Pownall, Thomas, XV. 371.
His writings and predictions concerning America, XV. 372-385.
Predictions opposed to his, XV. 385 _et seq._

President of the United States, pardoning power of the, III. 219.
Cannot abrogate treaties, V. 101 _et seq._
Had power to interfere in Kansas, V. 187, 191 _et seq._
Does not possess all war-powers, IX. 138-140.
Power of, over letters of marque, IX. 296-298.
His power of instituting State governments, XI. 365; XIV. 190,--Senator
Collamer on same, XIII. 43.
Protection against, XIV. 239.
A single term for and choice by direct vote of the people, XIV. 278.
Right of President of Senate _pro tem._ to vote on impeachment of the,
XVI. 88.
His powers of removal under the Constitution, XVI. 190-196.
Cannot, by his prerogative, refuse to execute the laws, XVI. 204-208.
Authorities on his treaty-making power, XIX. 79-81.
One term for, XIX. 168; XX. 157-161, 220,--testimony in favor of same,
XIX. 169-173; XX. 158, 221-223.
Obligations of, XX. 90.
His prerogative in regard to bestowing offices, XX. 115 _et seq._;
and in appointing his Cabinet, XX. 127 _et seq._
Influence of, should be diminished, XX. 161.

Presidential Election of 1856, our Bunker Hill, VI. 43.

Presidential Election of 1860, letters on, VI. 111, 287, 342; VII. 80.
Anticipated effects of Republican victory in, VI. 337-341, 377; VII.
78, 83 _et seq._
Candidates and issues of, VI. 352.
Real question of, VII. 39.
Evening before the, VII. 70.
Evening after the, VII. 76.
Ultimatum of the South in, VII. 333.
Result of, XII. 260.

Presidential Election of 1864, issues of, XI. 419, 433.
Parties of, XI. 420.
Congratulations on, XII. 1.

Presidential Election of 1868, issues at the, XVI. 326, 332.

Presidential Election of 1872, letter to colored citizens on, XX. 173.
Antecedents of candidates in, XX. 177-182;
nominations of same, XX. 182 _et seq._
Platforms in, XX. 183.
Watchword for, XX. 194.
Letter to Speaker Blaine on, XX. 196.
Speech on, XX. 209.

Presiding Officers, powers of, XVI. 99;
same must be decided by Parliamentary law, XVI. 102 _et seq._
Authorities respecting powers of, in House of Lords, XVI. 104-110.
Instances of, not members of House of Lords, XVI. 108, 110-119.
Authorities respecting powers of, in House of Commons and House of
Representatives, XVI. 126-129.

Press, the, in slave and free States, VI. 155.
Freedom of, restricted in slave States, VI. 184-186.

Prévost-Paradol, M., XVIII. 184.

Price, reduction of, increases consumption, XVIII. 86.

Price, Richard, on government, XIII. 203.
Labors of, XV. 366.
His predictions concerning America, XV. 367-370.

Prison Discipline, I. 166.
Separate system of, adopted by Pope Clement XI. and Howard, I. 167;
II. 122;
and by Pennsylvania, I. 169; II. 121.
Horrors of solitary system of, I. 170; II. 119.
Objects of, I. 172.
Subject of, universally interesting, I. 181.
Rival systems of, II. 104.
Labors of Roscoe and Lafayette in, II. 120.
Letter of De Tocqueville on, II. 148 (_note_).
See _Auburn System_, _Boston Prison-Discipline Society_, _Pennsylvania
System_, and _Prisons_.

Prisoners of War, treatment of, XII. 74;
Washington’s letter on same, XII. 76 _et seq._
Instructions of Secretary of War on exchange of, XII. 90.

Prisons, and prison discipline, article on, I. 163.
Miss Dix’s book on, I. 163.
In 18th century, II. 118.
King of Sweden’s book on, II. 136.

Private Wars in Dark Ages, I. 35; II. 343, 345; XVIII. 180.
Forbidden by John and Louis XI. of France, II. 344,--and by Maximilian,
Emperor of Germany, II. 345; XVIII. 181, 242.
Renounced by German Confederation, XVIII. 181, 242.

Privateering, proposition of Congress of Paris for abolishing, VIII. 76.
Mode of effectively abolishing, VIII. 76.
Abolition of, proposed by United States, VIII. 77.
J. Q. Adams on, VIII. 77; IX. 290.
Dangerous to United States, IX. 287.
Authorities on, IX. 287-289.
Early denounced by United States, IX. 289-291.

Privateers, substitute for, IX. 279, 292 _et seq._, 298 _et seq._, 315.
Useless against Rebellion, IX. 281, 314.
Evils of, IX. 282-284, 314.
Jefferson on, X. 136.

Prize Courts, IX. 49.
Example of their exclusive jurisdiction, IX. 50-52.
Authorities declaring necessity of, X. 129-131;
British precedent showing same, X. 135.

Prize Money, policy of, IX. 148.

Proclamation of Emancipation, speech on the, IX. 191.
Letters on, IX. 247; X. 259; XII. 60.
Lord Russell on, X. 20.
Adoption of, by Act of Congress, XI. 397.
Cannot be withdrawn, XI. 429-431, 474-476.
Lincoln’s issue of, XII. 265.
Its constitutionality defended, XII. 265, 266.
Influence of, XII. 285 _et seq._

Progress, the law of human, II. 241.
Defined, II. 267.
Same long unrecognized, II. 252,--but disclosed in part by Vico, II.
254.
Universal, II. 244, 275.
Not recognized in antiquity, II. 247.
Christianity the religion of, II. 251.
Announced by Leibnitz, II. 255,--by Lessing and Herder, II. 256,--by
Descartes, II. 257,--by Pascal, II. 258,--by Perrault and Fontenelle,
II. 260, and by Turgot, II. 262.
Condorcet’s Work on, II. 264.
Bacon’s ideas on, II. 265.
History of Greece and Rome not inconsistent with, II. 268-270.
Relation of China to, II. 270.
Indefinite duration of mankind favors, II. 274.
Proved by statistics of life, II. 274.
Gradual, II. 278; XVII. 179.
Resisted by prejudice, II. 279.
Examples of resistance to, II. 279-285.
Certainty of, II. 286-288; XVII. 177.
Faith in, encouraging, II. 286.
Agents of, XVII. 177.

Property, man can have none in man, VI. 131, 218, 319; VIII. 261; XI. 200
_et seq._
Value of, in slave and free States, VI. 146.
Confiscation of, in war, IX. 35; XVII. 13-15.
As a qualification for the franchise, XIII. 220, 297, 327.
See _Confiscation_.

Provisional governments and Reconstruction, IX. 162.
See _Military Government_.

Prussia, army of, in 1845, I. 75.
Relative expenditure of, for war-preparations, I. 78.
Military system of, in 1870, XVIII. 246.
Numerical size of its Parliament, XX. 2.
See _Franco-German War_ and _Germany_.

Publishers, letter to committee of, V. 58.

Pulci, his prediction of a new world, XV. 258.

Puritans, the, IV. 75 _et seq._

Q.

Quakers, escape of, from pirates, II. 46.
Opposed to slavery, III. 289; XII. 151-153.
Lincoln on, XII. 263.
See _Friends_.

Qualification, defined, XIII. 308; XVI. 248; XVII. 40.

Quincy, Josiah, on patriotism, I. 325.
Tribute to, VI. 37.

Quincy, Josiah, Jr., his report of Chatham’s speech quoted, I. 375.

Quorum, of the Senate, IX. 169; XII. 358.
In Parliament, IX. 169-171.
Fixed in United States by Constitution, IX. 171.
Authorities on rule for, IX. 172.
Of States, requisite for adoption of a constitutional amendment, XII.
357.
Powers of the two Houses of Congress in absence of a, XV. 185.

R.

Races, all alike entitled to human rights, V. 18; XVII. 134.
Number and distinctions of, XVII. 148-151.
Origin of, XVII. 152.
Arguments for a common origin of, XVII. 153-157;
authorities favoring same, XVII. 155-157.
Common destiny of all, XVII. 162 _et seq._, 168, 178.

Railroad, Pacific, IV. 32; IX. 318.
Air-line, from Washington to New York, IX. 121.
Usurpation in New Jersey, XII. 105.

Railways, opposed at first by Quarterly Review, II. 283.

Rantoul, Robert, Jr., tribute to, III. 246.

Raynal, Guillaume, Abbé, his famous work, XV. 326 _et seq._
His predictions concerning America, XV. 329-331.

Ream, Vinnie, speech on contract with, for statue of Lincoln, XIV. 164.

Rebel Debt, repudiation of the, XII. 137, 327; XIII. 99.

Rebel Party, the, XVI. 326.

Rebel States, secession of, VII. 184; VIII. 119; X. 191.
A. H. Stephens on character of government of, VII. 315; X. 100 _et
seq._; XIX. 225.
Power of Congress over, VIII. 164-167, 245; IX. 120; X. 167; XI. 361;
XII. 329; XIV. 209, 225; XV. 218; XVIII. 31,--sources of above power,
VIII. 164-167, 245; X. 208-215; XI. 367-372; XII. 330-333; XIII.
124-127, 325 _et seq._; XIV. 341; XVI. 344-347.
Military government of, IX. 119; X. 168-175; XI. 365; XIV. 326.
Concession of ocean belligerence to, by England, X. 12-15, 124; XII.
267 _et seq._; XVII. 59-65; XIX. 121,--and by France, X. 41.
Not entitled to recognition by foreign powers, X. 97-124.
Constitution of, quoted, X. 100.
Other testimony to character of government of, X. 102.
Results of recognizing, X. 116-122;
apology for same, X. 122.
Not entitled to ocean belligerence, X. 125-139; XVII. 59 _et seq._
Theories for extinction of, X. 196, 200 _et seq._
Non-existence of governments in, X. 202; XIII. 126.
Readmission of, must be determined by Congress, XI. 296, 361, 366-372.
Lincoln’s plan for reorganizing, XI. 363 _et seq._; XIV. 196, 294.
Objections to recognition of, by U. S., XI. 466-471.
Participation of, not necessary in ratifying constitutional amendments,
XII. 101, 211, 341, 359; XIII. 31, 62; XVI. 71.
Guaranty of republican governments in, XII. 197.
Conditions precedent to reception of Senators from, XII. 208.
Lincoln on recognition of, XII. 269 _et seq._
Consent of the governed necessary in forming new governments of,
XII. 298.
Actual condition of, during Reconstruction period, XII. 320-322; XIII.
55; XIV. 87; XVI. 168,--testimony to same, XII. 323 _et seq._;
XIII. 64-96.
Need of public schools for all in, XII. 328; XIV. 334-339; XV. 220-227.
Oath to maintain a republican form of government in, XIII. 12, 22;
XIV. 330.
Senator Collamer on readmission of, XIII. 44.
Not republican in form, XIII. 204-211, 332.
Population of, in 1860, XIII. 204.
Illegality of existing governments in, in 1866, XIV. 190, 224.
Proper foundation of government in, XIV. 324.
Conditions of assistance to, XIV. 358.
Outrages on loyalists in, XVI. 168, 352; XVII. 103; XVIII. 301.
Legislation of, concerning freedmen, after Rebellion, XVI. 350
_et seq._
Claims of citizens in, XVII. 10.
Necessity of requiring test oath for legislatures of, XVII. 226-230.
Robberies of, after the war, XX. 247.
See _Slave States_.

Rebellion, emancipation our best weapon against the, VII. 241, 347;
IX. 76, 229; XI. 198.
Its origin and main-spring, VII. 250, 305; IX. 230, 323; X. 103;
XI. 444; XIII. 234.
Its audacity, VII. 250.
Its beginning, VII. 315, 325; VIII. 119-123; XI. 441-443; XII. 258.
Object of, VII. 315.
Preparations for, VII. 322-324; VIII. 119-122.
Numbers of its armed forces, VII. 338.
Necessity of crushing at once, VII. 345; IX. 207, 272.
A fact, IX. 13 _et seq._
Must be comprehended and vigorously treated, IX. 210-212.
Must fail, X. 142, 168.
Rejoicing in its decline, XI. 414.
Slavery and the: speech in New York, XI. 433.
Official history of, XIV. 88.
Consequences of, XVI. 262 _et seq._
See _War of the Rebellion_.

Rebels, barbarities of, VIII. 301.
Are criminals and enemies, IX. 17, 141.
Sources of power against, IX. 18-24, 47 _et seq._, 134, 143; XVII.
16,--judicial decisions and other authorities on same, IX. 18-22;
XVII. 17 _et seq._
Proceedings for confiscating property of, allowable, IX. 31-33.
Must be subdued, not conciliated, IX. 210.
Disqualified from national office by Congress, X. 219; XII. 337.
Lincoln’s policy towards, XII. 284.
Should be disfranchised for a time, XII. 337-339, 408; XIII. 283; XIV.
185, 291; XV. 219, 228; XVII. 115 _et seq._
Mr. Sumner’s sentiments towards, XII. 339; XIV. 313; XV. 228; XVII.
115; XIX. 258, 318; XX. 192-194, 213, 229-240.
Submission of, after the war, XIV. 187;
testimony to same, XIV. 187, 188.
Time for reconciliation with, XX. 253 _et seq._

Reciprocity Treaty, termination of the Canadian, XII. 46.
Its operation, XII. 48-54.

Recognition, intervention by, X. 87;
instances of same, X. 87-94.
Armed, X. 95.
Unarmed, X. 95.
Proper time for, X. 95-97.
Of a _de facto_ power, not required by international law, X. 105.
Authorities on refusal of, X. 106-108, 111-114, 119.
Practice of nations as to, X. 110 _et seq._

Reconstruction of rebel States, resolutions on, VIII. 163; X. 295.
Letter on, VIII. 243.
Provisional governments and, IX. 162.
And adoption of Emancipation Proclamation by Act of Congress, XI. 397.
Mr. Ashley and, XII. 7.
None, without votes of the blacks, XII. 179.
Conditions of, XII. 325-329; XIII. 33, 283; XIV. 92.
Equal rights _vs._ the Presidential policy in, XII. 368.
Andrew Johnson on, XII. 369, 408; XIV. 197, 294; XVII. 231,--and his
policy in, XII. 369; XIV. 188-197, 203, 250-253; XVI. 165-171.
Scheme of, on basis of equal rights, XIII. 21.
Time and, XIII. 428.
True principles of, XIV. 224.
At last, with colored suffrage and protection against rebel influence,
XIV. 282.
Speeches on bills for, XIV. 282, 321; XV. 217.
Further guaranties in, XIV. 304; XV. 219-221.
Measures of, not a burden or penalty, XIV. 312.
Military government unsuited for, XIV. 326, 342.
Mr. Sumner’s bill for, XIV. 328-334.
Incomplete, XV. 226; XVI. 342; XVII. 307; XVIII. 302.
A political question, XVI. 346.
Power and duty of Congress to protect and regulate, XVII. 208; XVIII.
26-32.
With colored suffrage, Mr. Sumner’s personal record on, XVII. 303.

Reconstruction Acts, defended, XVI. 342-349.
Opposition to, in rebel States, XVI. 352.
Do not bind Congress to admit rebel States, XVII. 208-210, 224-226.

Redemption, Society of Fathers of, II. 36.

Redpath, James, letters to, VI. 44, 54.

Reform, true, defined, II. 289; III. 248.
And purity in government, XX. 5.

Reform League of New York, letter to, XIX. 131.

Representation, according to voters, IV. 46, 53; XII. 104; XIII. 19,
315-321.
Authorities on right of, XIII. 301; XVII. 44-46.
Jefferson and Madison on, XIII. 320.
Hamilton on, XIII. 329.
See _Blaine Amendment_ and _Representative System_.

Representative System, necessary improvements in, in Massachusetts,
III. 43; IV. 35, 58-60.
And its proper basis, IV. 33.
Origin and nature of, IV. 36-53; XIII. 318.
Founded on equality in America, IV. 38.
Its history in Massachusetts, IV. 39;
evils of, in same, IV. 40.
Essex County documents on, quoted, IV. 40-43.
Jefferson’s plan for, IV. 44; XIII. 320.
Under the Constitution, IV. 45.
In France, IV. 45.
Vindication of Rule of Three in, IV. 47-53;
opposition to same in Massachusetts, IV. 53-56.
Amendment to, in Massachusetts, XIII. 317.

Reprisals, none, on innocent persons, XVI. 297.
Condemned, XVI. 301.
Authorities on, XVI. 301-306.
Modern rule for, XVI. 304;
reasons for same, XVI. 305.
Instance of, in modern history, XVI. 307.
See _Retaliation_.

Republic, slave-holding, a mockery, I. 308; III. 3; IX. 235.
Rejected definitions of, XI. 192; XIII. 144-153.
Machiavelli on regeneration of a, XI. 213.
See _Republican Government_.

Republican Conventions, speeches at, IV. 255; VI. 352; VII. 241; XII.
305; XVII. 98.

Republican Government, American definition of, XI. 193; XII. 295, 297;
XIII. 196 _et seq._, 327; XVI. 245; XVII. 43.
Our first duty, XIII. 1.
Oath to maintain, in rebel States, XIII. 12, 22; XIV. 330.
Must be defined by Congress, XIII. 63, 137 _et seq._, 211, 327; XVI.
245; XVII. 43, 334, 358.
Disfranchisement inconsistent with, XIII. 109.
Principles of, asserted by fathers of the Republic, XIII. 153-198.
Webster on, XIII. 187 _et seq._
Testimony of France to, XIII. 198-202.
Other definitions of, XIII. 202 _et seq._, 330; XV. 294.
Object of, XX. 94.
See _Guaranty of Republican Government_.

Republican Party, formation of the, IV. 255.
Its duties and aims, IV. 263-265; V. 81 _et seq._; VI. 312; XI. 421;
XIX. 129.
Origin and necessity of, IV. 266; V. 80; VI. 303; XX. 86 _et seq._
Its hopes of success, IV. 278; VI. 341.
In New York, V. 60.
Letter on the, V. 61.
National, not sectional, V. 146.
Appeal for its candidates in 1856, VI. 2.
Its declaration of principles in same year, VI. 4.
Appeal for its cause, VI. 15, 354; VII. 17.
Letters on its candidates in 1860, VI. 111, 342.
Platform of, in 1860, VI. 234 _et seq._
Speech on, in New York, VI. 303.
Permanence of, VI. 336; XVIII. 172.
Parties opposed to, in 1860, VI. 356; VII. 17, 26.
The only Union party, VII. 37.
The only Constitutional party and party of freedom, VII. 38.
Not aggressive, but conservative, VII. 86.
Should be moderate after victory, VII. 87.
And Democratic Party in 1864, XI. 418.
Its past and future work, XI. 422; XVIII. 169.
Its platform in 1864, XI. 426, 477.
Unity and strength of, XII. 4.
Mr. Sumner’s devotion to, XX. 85.
Change for the worse in, XX. 89, 170.
Duty of, as to reëlection of Grant, XX. 156.

Republicanism _vs._ Grantism, XX. 83.

Repudiation, XVI. 275; XVII. 105 _et seq._
Adopted by Rebel party in 1868, XVI. 329; XVII. 104.
Two forms of, XVI. 356; XVII. 107 _et seq._
Is confiscation, XVII. 106.
Cost of, XVII. 108 _et seq._
Impossible, XVII. 111.

Retaliation, and treatment of prisoners of war, XII. 74.
Authorities respecting, XII. 78-82, 86-89.
Recognized, but limited, by laws of war, XII. 80, 92.
See _Prisoners of War_ and _Reprisals_.

Revels, Hiram R., speech on admission of, as Senator from Mississippi,
XVIII. 6.

Revolution, right of, II. 336;
Paley on same, II. 336;
O’Connell on same, II. 337.

Revolutionary War, opposed by English Whigs in Parliamentary debates, I.
340-349.
Compared to Mexican War, I. 382.
Contributions of Northern and Southern States to, IV. 197 _et seq._;
American and foreign testimony to same, IV. 199-211.
Lafayette’s enthusiasm for, VII. 111.
List of statutes for confiscation of property in, IX. 59-64;
same defended by American diplomatists and courts, IX. 65-69.
Testimony to employment of slaves in, IX. 217-220.
Contrasted with our Civil War, X. 24, 256-258; XII. 238; XVII. 301.
Object of, XIII. 154, 172; XVI. 55.
Official history of, XIV. 88.

Rhode Island, appeal to Republicans of, in 1856, VI. 9.

Richard, Henry, M.P., letter to, XX. 273.

Right of Search, employed by Great Britain to impress American seamen,
VIII. 42;
testimony to same, VIII. 42-45, 51 _et seq._,--and to opposition of
United States Government to same, VIII. 45-54.
Should not exist, except for suppression of slave-trade, VIII. 78;
proposed by Great Britain for same, VIII. 339, 343,--but refused by
United States, VIII. 341.
Not objectionable against slave-trade, VIII. 344.
Exercise of, by privateers, IX. 282.
Should be employed only by national ships, IX. 299.
See _Neutral Rights_.

Rights. See _Civil Rights_, _Equal Rights_, _Human Rights_, _Neutral
Rights_, _Rights of War_, and _State Rights_.

Rights of War, IX. 1, 34; X. 210; XIII. 325,--especially against enemy
property, IX. 35-44.
Authorities respecting, IX. 36 _et seq._; XIII. 326.
Include liberation of slaves, IX. 43, 71, 131, 146.
Have no constitutional limitations, IX. 45, 71, 131-138, 183-185, 216.
To be exercised only in war, IX. 48 _et seq._
Policy of exercising, against Rebels, IX. 70-72.
Not to be exercised by the President alone, IX. 138-140.

Roads, policy of, III. 182.

Roberts, Joseph, Rev., his work on caste quoted, III. 76-80; XVII. 144.

Roscoe, William, labors of, for reform of prisons, II. 120.
Incorrectly quoted on Pennsylvania system, II. 128.

Rousseau, treatise of, on peace, II. 391; XVIII. 233.
His opinions on equality, III. 60, 91; XIX. 235.
On slavery, VI. 137.

Russell, Earl, on Trent case, VIII. 35.
On the Emancipation Proclamation, X. 20.
His unfriendliness to United States during Rebellion, X. 39.
On necessity of prize courts, X. 130 _et seq._
On escape of the Alabama, XVII. 66.

Russia, army of, in 1845, I. 75.
Navy of, in 1837, I. 76.
Serfdom in, restricted to original country, IV. 96.
Emancipation of serfs in, VII. 267; XII. 312-314; XIII. 57-60; XIV.
57, 315.
The Emperor of, and emancipation, XIV. 56.
Cession of Russian America to United States by, XV. 1;
reasons for same, XV. 20-23.
Friendship of, for United States, XV. 48-50.

Russian America, cession of, to United States, XV. 1.
Boundaries and configuration of, XV. 6-8.
Russia’s title to, XV. 8-17.
Discovery of, by Behring, XV. 8-14.
French claim to, XV. 17.
Spanish claim to, XV. 18-20.
Reasons for cession of, XV. 20-23.
Humboldt on, XV. 22, 47.
Origin and completion of cession of, XV. 23-30.
Documents respecting, quoted, XV. 25-29.
Treaty for cession of, XV. 30-32;
questions under same, XV. 32-35;
advantages of same, XV. 36-50.
Sources of information upon, XV. 54-64.
Blodget’s description of, XV. 65.
Government of, XV. 65-80.
Population of, XV. 81-94.
Climate of, XV. 94-105.
Vegetable products of, XV. 105-116.
Mineral products of, XV. 116-124.
Furs of, XV. 125-141.
Fisheries of, XV. 141-161.
New name for, XV. 167.
Other requirements of, XV. 168 _et seq._
Necessity of legislation to carry out treaty for cession of, XV.
196-199.

S.

St. Albans Raid, the, XII. 42.

Saint-Pierre, Charles de, Abbé, labors of, for peace, II. 387-390; XVIII.
233.
Leibnitz on his “Project of Perpetual Peace,” II. 389; XVIII. 233.
D’Argenson on, XV. 287.

San Domingo, speech on proposed annexion of, to United States, XVIII.
257.
Character and object of joint resolution appointing a commission to,
XVIII. 262-267.
Negotiation for annexion of, XVIII. 267-271; XIX. 37 _et seq._, 54-57;
XX. 144-146, 217 _et seq._
Belligerent intervention of United States navy in, XVIII. 271, 303;
XIX. 27, 60-64, 75.
Sentiments of people of, on annexion, XVIII. 276.
Relations of, with Hayti, XVIII. 278-280.
President Grant’s message on annexion of, XVIII. 284-288.
Arguments against annexion of, XVIII. 290-292, 303; XIX. 96;
testimony against same, XVIII. 304.
Speech on resolutions concerning, XIX. 16.
Reason for interest in annexion of, XIX. 20-22.
Reannexion of, by Spain, XIX. 23;
Spanish documents on same, quoted, XIX. 24-26;
result of same, XIX. 29.
Treaty for annexion of, an infraction of its constitution, XIX. 38
_et seq._
Duty of United States towards, XIX. 93, 97, 131.

San Juan Boundary Question, report of Committee on Foreign Relations on
settlement of, VII. 216.

Sanborn, Frank B., speeches on case of, VI. 99.

Sandwich Islands, mail service between United States and, XIV. 110.
Relations of, with United States, XIV. 111.

Scholar, jurist, artist, and philanthropist, the, oration on, I. 241.
Defined, I. 249.

Schools. See _Colored Schools_, _Common Schools_, _Normal Schools_, and
_Separate Schools_.

Schurz, Carl, Senator from Missouri, on Secretary Fish’s attack on Mr.
Sumner, XIX. 110.

Schwartz, John, Representative from Pennsylvania, speech on death of,
VI. 300.

Scott, Sir Walter, compared to Cobbett, I. 198.
On morning work, I. 204.

Scylla and Charybdis, origin and history of Latin verse on, XII. 371-380;
application of same, XII. 409-412.

Seamen, wages of, in case of wreck, IV. 324;
rule for determining same, IV. 325;
abolition of above rule by England, IV. 326.

Secession, pretended right of, VII. 326; IX. 323.
Proposed concessions to prevent, VII. 327-333.
Acts of, impotent against United States, VIII. 164; X. 196.

Secretary of State, assistant, office of, and Mr. Hunter, XIV. 82.

Security, the national, and the national faith, XII. 305.

Selden, John, on trial by battle (or duel), I. 38 (_note_), 42;
XVIII. 179.

Self-defence, right of, I. 294, 378.
Restrictions on, II. 334.
Dymond, the Quaker, on, II. 335.

Self-government, local, advantages of, XVI. 59.

Senate of the United States, secrecy in its proceedings, IV. 16;
XVIII. 9.
Functions of, IV. 16; XIII. 347.
Origination of appropriation bills by, a usurpation, V. 84.
Cannot abrogate treaties, V. 101, 109.
Usurpation of, in imprisoning a citizen, VI. 80; XIX. 133.
Its powers of enforcing testimony, VI. 82 _et seq._, 89 _et seq._;
XIX. 132.
Cannot enforce testimony in Harper’s Ferry investigation, VI.
84-87,--in order to aid legislation, VI. 86, 91; XIX. 141.
Attempt to kidnap a citizen under order of, VI. 99.
Has discretionary power to expel members, VIII. 116.
Limitation of debate in, VIII. 155.
Order in its business, VIII. 161.
Loyalty in the, VIII. 208; X. 273; XVI. 73.
Should examine loyalty before administering oath, VIII. 215; XVI. 76.
Sacredness of its required oath, VIII. 221.
Proper despatch of business in, IX. 110.
Constitutional quorum of, IX. 169; XII. 358.
Representation of Virginia in, XII. 134.
Limitation of its business, XV. 189.
Obligations of caucuses of, XV. 189, 207-215.
Privileges of debate in, on officers liable to impeachment, XV. 241,
249.
Right of President of, _pro tem._, to vote on impeachment of the
President, XVI. 88;
authorities denying same, XVI. 90.
Powers of, in trying impeachments, not judicial, XVI. 137, 228.
Testimony to early want of eloquence in, XVII. 191.
Consideration of treaties in open, XVIII. 9.
Eligibility to: the question of inhabitancy, XVIII. 11.
Cannot continue imprisonment of witnesses after end of the session,
XIX. 134, 153;
English and American authorities proving same, XIX. 134-140.
Does not possess the prerogatives of the House of Lords, XIX. 136.
Arguments and authorities against its power of arresting witnesses for
violation of its privileges, XIX. 140-149.
Power of, to break into telegraph-offices, XIX. 149.
Parliamentary law on appointment of special committees of, XX. 45;
authorities stating same, XX. 49-54, 56-59.

Senate Chamber, the: its ventilation and size, XIV. 119.

Senator of the United States, letters written during election of a,
in Massachusetts, in 1851, III. 152.
Acceptance of office of, III. 161; VI. 46,--incompatibility of same
with other office, VIII. 105.
Position of a, VIII. 118, 147.
Loyalty a qualification required in a, VIII. 208; X. 276; XVI. 74
_et seq._
Is a civil officer, X. 281;
authorities proving same, X. 281-289.
Cannot vote for himself, XIV. 15;
same proved by natural law, XIV. 16-19,--and by parliamentary law,
XIV. 20.
Inquiry into title of a, to his seat, XIV. 126.
The first colored, XVIII. 6.
Limitations on examination of a, by Senate committees, XX. 46;
authorities stating same, XX. 47.

Senators, conditions precedent to reception of, from a rebel State,
XII. 208.
Majority or plurality in election of, XIV. 1.
Mode of electing, XIV. 3 _et seq._;
Chancellor Kent on same, XIV. 5.
Powers of State Legislature in electing, XIV. 6-13.
Open voting in election of, XIV. 105.
Monuments to deceased, XIV. 299.
Colored, predicted, XV. 220, 223.
Constitutional responsibility of, for their votes in cases of
impeachment, XVI. 227.
Importance of colored, XVI. 257; XVIII. 7.

Seneca, his prophecy of a new world, XV. 256.

Separate Schools for colored children, argument against, III. 51.
A violation of equality, III. 70; XIX. 241.
Introduce principle of caste, III. 74.
Not equivalent to common schools, III. 86-88; XIX. 3, 158, 165,
241, 261.
Origin of, in Boston, III. 91-93.
Evils of, III. 93-96; XIX. 241-244.

Separate System of prison discipline. See _Pennsylvania System_.

Serenade, address at a, Aug. 9, 1872, XX. 202.

Servants, indented, in America, X. 348-350; XIX. 14.

Service, substituted for “servitude” in the Constitution, III. 309;
VI. 228; X. 358.
See _Fugitives from service_.

Settlement, a final, union of good citizens for, IX. 187.

Sewall, Samuel, Judge, IV. 277; XV. 281.
His prophecy concerning America, XV. 282-286.

Seward, William H., views of, on pensions for support of Fugitive-Slave
Bill, IV. 230.
His bill for admission of Kansas, V. 216.
His influence on President Johnson, XIV. 198.
Letter of, on surplus of Chinese indemnity fund, XVIII. 138
(_Appendix_).

Sharp, Granville, life of, as illustration of a merchant’s duties,
IV. 293-323.

Shaw, Robert G., Colonel, equestrian statue of, XII. 361.
Burial of, XIX. 246.

Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, on the American War, I. 326, 349.
On Slavery, XII. 161.
On America, XV. 406.

Sherman, John, Senator from Ohio, criticisms of, answered, IX. 99-104;
X. 263-266.
Reply to his criticisms in Reconstruction debate, XIV. 292-296,
313-316.
Answer to his defence of appointment of San Domingo commission, XVIII.
262-264.

Shipley, Jonathan, Bishop of St. Asaph, XV. 332.
His predictions concerning America, XV. 334-338.

Shipping, decay of, in United States, XVI. 289.
Effect of taxation on, XVII. 243.

Ships of War, fitted out in England against United States during
Rebellion, X. 27-29, 132; XVII. 65-71,--same defended in England,
but condemned by United States Supreme Court, X. 29-31.
Policy of United States on fitting out, as a neutral, X. 32-35;
liability of England for same, X. 37-39; XVII. 89, 124,--authority
proving above liability, X. 38.

Sidney, Algernon, author of motto on seal of Massachusetts, I. 94
(and _note_).
On government, XIII. 155.

Slave, origin of word, II. 13.
Webster’s Dictionary on original meaning of, II. 14.
Deed of manumission of a, in 1776, III. 13; VII. 14.
Tintoretto’s Miracle of the, III. 134 (see _note_).

Slave-Masters, number of, III. 36; V. 42; VI. 326; VII. 334.
Cannot carry slaves into Territories, IV. 128 _et seq._; VI. 217-235.
Refuse to work, VI. 142.
Character of, VI. 162, 321 _et seq._; IX. 103,--testimony to same,
VI. 163-168.
Their virtues exceptional, VI. 167-323.
In their relations with slaves, VI. 168-173.
Their agents, VI. 173, 175.
Their relations with each other, society, and government, VI.
176-196,--testimony to same, VI. 180-182, 186.
Conduct of, in Congress, VI. 196-211.
Unconscious of barbarism of slavery, VI. 211-214.
Tourgueneff on, VI. 215.
Livingstone on, VI. 216.
Their success in organizing rebellion explained, VII. 335.
Tax on, IX. 93.
Testimony to untrustworthiness of, to legislate for freedmen, IX. 225;
XIV. 211-213.
Their pretension to chivalry refuted, XI. 449-460.
Untrustworthiness of, proved by reason, XIV. 213.
Pretensions of, in regard to slavery, XVI. 234.

Slave Power, necessity of political action against the, II. 207.
Influence of, II. 211, 232, 292; III. 20, 140; V. 42; VI. 312, 325;
VII. 248.
Union among men of all parties against, II. 226; IV. 157.
Defined, II. 229.
Constitution of United States opposed to, II. 230.
Its test for office, II. 232; VI. 330.
Usurpations of, III. 20-22; V. 43, 66-71; VI. 328 _et seq._
Must be overthrown, IV. 262; V. 45, 71; VI. 339.
Its madness, V. 57.
Its aims in Kansas, V. 70, 140.
Attempts to introduce slavery into free States, V. 71.
Author of crime against Kansas, V. 142.
Its influence over President Pierce, V. 189.
Denounced, VI. 331-335.
Emancipation of national government from, VII. 248.