Chapter XIII

PARIS AND THE FOREIGN UNIVERSITIES.--A.D. 1150 TO 1250.

Paris University in the thirteenth century. Its popularity. Its
want of moral discipline. Total change by this time effected in the
system of education, which has become exclusively intellectual. A
sketch of the state of the Paris schools. Rise of the collegiate
system to meet these evils. Early Parisian colleges. The
monasteries and the Bishops obliged to send their students to the
universities. Academic statutes of Robert de Courçon. Partial
adaptation of the monastic system. Amount of time given by the
Catholic system to religious duties. Decay of arts and rhetoric.
Predominance of dialectics and law. Good and bad results of this.
Necessary part of the mental development of Europe. Book trade in
Paris University. Anecdotes of great men. Maurice of Sully. Fulk of
Neuilly. Universities of Bologna, Padua, Naples, &c. Exertions of
the Popes in the cause of education. Examination of the university
system. Its result on the education of the clergy. From this date
to the Council of Trent Church seminaries disappear. The old system
of episcopal seminaries contrasted with that of universities.
Political and religious errors fostered at the universities. Their
support of State supremacy. Heresies which sprang out of the abuse
of scholasticism, and the predominance of reason. 366