Chapter I (19)

Tennessee river, 253;
Salling on, 48, 49;
Holston on, 59;
explored by Smith, 115;
in Henderson's purchase, 193, 195.

Ten Mile creek, first settlement on, 190;
in Dunmore's war, 151;
forays on, 238-240, 381.

Terry, Cornet, killed by Indians, 423.

Thomas, Abraham, _Sketches_, 180.

Thomas, John, early settler, 122, 123;
killed by Indians, 309, 310, 343.

Thompson, ----, surveys on Licking, 146.

Thompson, Jethro, house burned by Indians, 383.

Thompson, John, Indian go-between, 263.

Thompson, William, assists "Blackboys." 112, 113.

Todd, John, defends Kentucky, 200;
killed at Blue Licks, 351, 353.

Todd, Levi, in Bowman's campaign, 271;
in Wabash campaign, 386.

Tomlinson, Benjamin, 149;
founds Moundsville, 230.

Tomlinson, Samuel, adventure with Indians, 222.

Tonty, Henri de, with La Salle, 6.

Trails, Warrior branch, 75, 399;
Nemacolin's path, 77;
Cumberland Gap, 143, 152, 192, 384;
Wilderness road, 384.

Transylvania Company, settles Kentucky, 190-196.

Treaties, Ryswick, 195;
Paris (1763), 7, 106, 139;
Lancaster, 195;
Easton, 58;
Ft. Stanwix, 45, 70, 195;
Lochaber, 195;
Bouquet's, 91, 108, 134, 141, 179;
Camp Charlotte, 145, 147, 173, 176-186, 195, 197;
Watauga, 153, 192, 195;
Paris (1782), 365, 384;
Au Glaize, 374, 376;
Ft. McIntosh, 97, 366, 388;
Ft. Finney, 388;
Greenville, 141, 147, 420, 430.

Trent, William, at Redstone, 77.

Trigg, Col., killed at Blue Licks, 353,

Triplett, William, killed by Indians, 411, 412.

Trueman, Maj., killed by Indians, 412.

Tugg river, origin of name, 85.

Turkey creek, 99.

Turkey run, 119, 121.

Turtle creek, scene of Braddock's defeat, 67.

Tuscarawas river, McIntosh's expedition, 256, 261;
Moravian missions on, 219, 301, 313-317, 320, 336.

Tuscarora Indians, legend of, 18.

Twightee Indians, strength of, 46.

Twitty, William, at Watauga treaty, 192;
killed by Indians, 196.

Tygart, David, settles in Tygart's valley, 74, 75.

Tygart's valley, first settled, 74, 126;
Pringles in, 117-122;
in Dunmore's war, 151;
during Revolution, 284, 286, 287, 311;
miscellaneous forays in, 232-235, 341, 343, 421, 422, 428.

Tyler county, W. Va., census (1830), 56, 63.

Unadilla river, Delawares on, 136.

Uniontown, Pa., 77.

Valley of Virginia, early Indians in, 46;
Salling's exploration, 48, 49;
McDowell's fight, 52;
first settled, 61, 190;
Mrs. Cunningham in, 373.

Valley river, 63;
Pringles on, 118, 119;
in Dunmore's war, 151;
during Revolution, 287;
forays on, 252, 311.

Van Meter, Jacob, early settler, 123.

Vause, ----, settles on New, 59.

Veech, James, _Monongahela of Old_, 79, 80.

Vernon, Maj., at Ft. Laurens, 265.

Vigo, M., assists Clark, 258.

Vincennes, Ind., in Clark's campaign, 253-255, 257-261, 386;
Hamtramck at, 394.

Virginia, Indian mounds, 40;
early tribes, 44-47;
Borden manor, 50-53;
Loyal Co., 49;
Fairfax grant, 50, 51;
characteristics of early settlers, 54;
Salling's operations, 47-49;
early explorations, 64;
Ohio Co., 64, 65;
Braddock's campaign, 65-69;
Forbes's campaign, 69-73;
boundary dispute with Pennsylvania, 74, 142;
Pontiac's war, 97;
New-river foray, 96-99;
militia of, 100, 101;
border settlements, 125;
military land warrants, 145;
Wapatomica campaign, 153-155;
Dunmore's attitude toward, 179;
relinquishes western land claim, 130, 389;
_Dinwiddie Papers_, 86;
_Calendar of State Papers_, 86.

Wabash Indians, raided by Hamtramck, 394;
by Scott, 407, 408;
agree to peace, 412.

Wabash river, in Clark's campaigns, 257-259, 385, 386;
arrival of peace news, 365.

Wachatomakah, Indian village, 336.

Waggoner, John, family massacred by Indians, 408-411.

Waggoner, Peter, captured by Indians, 409-411.

Walden's creek, origin of name, 60.

Walden, Elisha, killed by Indians, 59, 60.

Walholling river, 314, 317.

Walker, Felix, at Watauga treaty, 192;
wounded by Indians, 196.

Walker, Thomas, explores Kentucky, 81;
_Journal_, 59.

Walker, William, educated Wyandot, 96, 97.

Wallace, ----, killed by Indians, 319.

Walpole, ----, interest in Pittsylvania, 145.

Wapatomica, McDonald's expedition against, 138, 153-155;
Indian council at, 347.

Ward, Mrs., escapes from Indians, 422.

Warrior Branch, Indian trail, 75.

Wars, French and Indian, 65-74, 77-80, 100-106, 143, 190, 334, 387;
McDowell's fight, 66;
Sandy-creek voyage, 81-86;
Bouquet's campaign, 106-109;
Braddock's campaign, 143, 145, 147, 169;
Forbes's campaign, 145, 150, 190;
Pontiac's war, 73, 97, 141, 172;
Dunmore's war, 66, 78, 127, 134-190, 209, 253, 334;
Revolution, 66, 78, 86, 124, 145, 146, 177, 178, 182, 187-365, 382, 387;
Hand's campaign. 209-211;
Harmar's, 384, 393-395, 400, 408;
St. Clair's, 400-405, 407, 408, 413;
Wayne's, 412-428.

Warwick, ----, early settler, 126.

Warwick, Jacob, attacked by Indians, 286, 287.

Warwick, William, attacked by Indians, 287.

Washburn, Benjamin, attacked by Indians, 247.

Washburn, Charles, killed by Indians, 345.

Washburn, Isaac, killed by Indians, 241.

Washburn, James, tortured by Indians, 250, 251.

Washburn, Stephen, killed by Indians, 250.

Washington county, Ky., 106, 190.

Washington county. Pa., settled, 125;
militia of, 320, 327, 328.

Washington county, Va., census (1830), 56;
militia of, 165, 174, 268;
threatened by Bird, 299.

Washington, George, in French and Indian war, 45, 65, 67, 69, 71, 74, 77,
100, 101, 145, 334;
friendship for Andrew Lewis, 70;
advises Sandy-creek voyage, 81;
on Seybert massacre, 87;
in Revolutionary war, 106;
friend of Rufus Putman, 389;
_Tour to the Ohio_, 73.

Watauga river, treaty with Indians on, 153, 192.

Waterford. O., founded, 393.

Wayne, Anthony, general of army, 412;
campaign against Western Indians, 147, 412-428.

Webb, Jonas, early settler, 126.

Wells, Bazaleel, at Point Pleasant, 174.

Wells, Maj., on Shawnee campaign, 355.

Wellsburg, W. Va., 380.

Welsh, on the border, 49.

West, Alexander, 378;
chases Indians, 246, 311;
adventure with Indians, 287-290;
on Lowther's expedition, 376, 377;
sketch, 288.

West Augusta, district of, 63; first justice of peace, 127.

West, Charles, chases Indians, 246.

West, Edmund, Sr., attacked by Indians, 288;
killed by Indians, 377-379.

West, Edmund, Jr., family attacked by Indians, 378, 379.

West Fork river, origin of name, 122;
first settlements on, 126, 127;
in Dunmore's war, 151, 156;
during Revolution, 240, 311, 312, 343;
miscellaneous forays on, 217, 218, 250, 251, 366, 367, 376, 400, 410,
411, 414, 419, 422, 428.

West Newton, Pa., departure of Marietta pilgrims, 389.

West Virginia, character of early Indians in, 36;
mounds in, 40;
early tribes in, 44-47;
census (1830), 63;
first settlements in (prior to 1774), 117-133.

Westfall, ----, early settler, 126.

Westfall, O., 176.

Westmoreland county, Pa., 115.

Westmoreland county, Va., militia of, 210, 327, 328;
forays in, 301.

Wetzel county, W. Va., 279.

Wetzel, George, Indian fighter, 161.

Wetzel, Jacob, adventure with Indians, 161-163.

Wetzel, John, Indian fighter, 125, 161.

Wetzel, Lewis, Indian fighter, 125, 161-163, 338, 339;
sketch, 161.

Wetzel, Martin, Indian fighter, 161.

Wheat, Betsy, at seige of Wheeling, 225.

Wheeling, W. Va., 40;
founded, 124, 125;
in Dunmore's war, 134, 146, 148, 149, 152-154, 163, 165, 179;
first seige of, 219-228, 235;
second seige, 224, 356-360;
Foreman's defeat, 228-230;
during Revolution, 237, 299, 301, 319, 336, 338, 362;
McKee's foray, 316, 317.

Wheeling creek, in Dunmore's war, 151, 161.

White Eyes, Delaware chief, 150, 175, 176, 179, 180, 182, 183, 221, 302.

White, John, killed by Indians, 284.

White, William, murders Indians, 136, 137;
captured by Indians, 232, 233;
killed by Indians, 340.

Whiteman, ----, early settler, 126.

Whitley, Paul, early settler, 52;
with Braddock, 66.

Whitley, William, arrival in Kentucky, 197;
scout, 271;
attacks Indians, 385, 386;
_Narrative_, 203, 205.

Whitley, Mrs. William, adventure with Indians, 203.

Whittlesey, Charles, _Fugitive Essays_, 183.

Wilkinson, James, attacks Miamis, 407;
builds Ft. Recovery, 419.

Williams and Mary college, 145.

Williams, Isaac, explorer, 124.

Williams, John, of Transylvania Co., 191.

Williamsburg, Va., 47, 86, 87, 159, 178;
Salling at, 49;
John Lewis at, 50;
in Dunmore's war, 151, 154.

Williamson, David, expedition against Moravians, 314-318, 320-327;
in Crawford's campaign, 327, 328, 331.

Williamson, Lieut., at Ft. Pitt, 78.

Williamson, Peter, captured by Indians, 101-104.

Will's creek, Ohio Co.'s post at, 67, 74, 77.

Wilson, ----, killed at Point Pleasant, 171.

Wilson, Benjamin, 184, 186, 234, 235, 247, 284, 311.

Winchester, Va., 56, 68, 71, 81, 121;
fur trade at, 47, 48;
threatened by Indians, 101;
trial of White, 136;
during Revolution, 252.

Wingenund, Delaware chief, 333.

Winston's Meadows, 99.

Wisconsin, Indian mounds in, 42.

Wisconsin Historical Society, manuscripts in library of, 49, 75, 81, 87,
170, 193, 203, 205, 221, 259, 260;
_Collections_, 58.

Wisconsin river, explored by French, 6.

Wolf creek, 82, 392, 393, 396.

Wood, Abraham, discovers Great Kanawha, 64.

Wood county, W. Va., census (1830), 56, 63;
first sheriff of, 127.

Wood, Nicholas, killed by Indians, 375.

Woodfin, John, killed by Indians, 249.

Woodford, Col., 72.

Woods, Richard, 54.

Woodson, Obadiah, in Sandy-creek voyage, 81.

Wright, ----, killed by Indians, 344.

Wyalusing, Pa., Moravian village, 319.

Wyandot Indians, early strength of, 46;
in Kansas, 96, 97;
in Dunmore's war, 172;
at Foreman's defeat, 230;
during Revolution, 219, 262, 316, 317, 320, 327, 332, 347, 362-364;
at Ft. McIntosh treaty, 366, 388.

Wyllys, Maj., killed by Indians, 393, 394.

Wythe county, Va., census (1830), 55, 56.

Yadkin river, Boone on, 143, 144, 205.

Yellow creek, Logan massacre at, 134, 138, 148-150, 184.

Youghiogheny river, crossed by Braddock, 67;
early settlements on, 74, 77, 113, 114, 118, 334;
Marietta pilgrims on, 389.

Zane, Andrew, adventure with Indians, 222.

Zane, Ebenezer, 148;
settles Wheeling, 124, 125;
defends Wheeling, 225, 228, 230, 356-360;
in Brodhead's expedition, 300.

Zane, Elizabeth, at seige of Wheeling, 359.

Zane, Isaac, captured by Indians, 124;
daughter wounded, 418.

Zane, Jonathan, settles at Wheeling, 124;
in Dunmore's war, 153.

Zane, Noah, 125, 225.

Zane, Silas, settles at Wheeling, 124;
defends Wheeling, 356, 357.

Zanesville, O., 153.

Zeisberger, David, Moravian missionary, 301, 314, 315, 317.

The First American Frontier

An Arno Press/New York Times Collection

Agnew, Daniel.

A History of the Region of Pennsylvania North of the Allegheny River. 1887.

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New Government West of the Alleghenies Before 1780. 1897.

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Clark, Daniel.

Proofs of the Corruption of Gen. James Wilkinson. 1809.

Clark, George Rogers.

Colonel George Rogers Clark's Sketch of His Campaign in the Illinois in 1778-9. 1869.

Collins, Lewis.

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Cruikshank, Ernest, ed,

Documents Relating to Invasion of Canada and the Surrender of Detroit. 1912.

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The Life and Times of Ephraim Cutler. 1890.

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Walton, Joseph S.

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Withers, Alexander Scott.

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Chronicles of Border Warfare

Alexander Scott Withers

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The First American Frontier

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Transcriber's Note

Corrections in text:

Page Correction

vii early period, indentifying very large the sources of (identifying) xi whatever for his diligenee and labor in producing it (diligence) 8 adorned with spendid magnificence, who can feel surprised (splendid) 9 Yet, although the philanthopist must weep over (philanthropist) 10 Nothwithstanding those two great evils which have (Notwithstanding) 46 with an aggregate population ef 289,362. (population of) 51 visited Great Britian in 1737 (Britain) 101 Upen the earnest remonstrance and entreaty (Upon) 110 of the commanding officer a party of Higland soldiers (Highland) 112 they did not scruple to intercept the pussage of goods (passage) 113 from the entrace into the Fort, and three centinels on the (entrance) 120 hauch of the others. The low state of their little magazine (haunch) 126 bleeching in the sun, after their murder by the Indians, (bleaching) 160 house, had been dischaaged at them by Indian (discharged) 182 it would be more conconvenient (convenient) 203 draging his wounded body along (dragging) 211 place of rendezvous. This stock was nearly exhaused (exhausted) 216 naturally enough prompts to deeds of revangeful cruelty (revengeful) 309 was in vain. The tomahawk was uplifted, and stoke followed (stroke) 313 in the bloody deeds of their red brethern, yet that (brethren) 323 take upon themseves the entire responsibility (themselves) 345 A most schocking scene was exhibited some time before this (shocking) 345 purpose of washing. While thus engaged three guns (repeated word) 361 miles from its enterance into the Ohio, and was known (entrance) 375 Buffaloe, and as Levi Morgan was engaged in skining (skinning) 385 loss was severely felt thoughout the whole country. (throughout) 387 was the head chief with this three wives and children (his three) 393 if posssible, to a general engagement; and if this (possible) 417 a company which had been sta-stationed (printer's error) 421 assembled to witness the awful spectacle. The croud was (crowd)

Corrections in footnotes:

Introduction: Chapter 3, Footnote 3
consider the running of the guantlet (gauntlet)

Introduction: Chapter 3, Footnote 5
Kis faithful dog shall bear him company. (His)

Chapter 1, Footnote 13
Shehandoah, Frederick, 1772 767 19,750 4,922 (Shenandoah)