Chapter III: Part II: Deciphered Secret Story From

EDMUND SPENSER:

PAGE
Complaints, 1591 1

Colin Clout, 1595 3

Faerie Queene, 1596 4

Faerie Queene, second part 7

SHAKESPEARE QUARTO:

Richard Second, 1598 10

GEORGE PEELE:

David and Bethsabe, 1599 11

SHAKESPEARE QUARTOS:

Midsommer Night’s Dream, 1600 12

Midsommer Night’s Dream, Fisher Ed. 13

Much Ado About Nothing, 1600 14

Sir John Oldcastle and Merchant of Venice, Roberts Ed.,
1600 15

Richard, Duke of York, 1600 18

FRANCIS BACON:

Treasons of Essex, 1601 20

SHAKESPEARE QUARTO:

London Prodigal, 1605 23

FRANCIS BACON:

Advancement of Learning, 1605 25

SHAKESPEARE QUARTOS:

King Lear, 1608 33

King Henry The Fifth, 1608 34

Pericles, 1609 35

Hamlet, 1611 36

Titus Andronicus, 1611 38

EDMUND SPENSER:

Shepheards Calender, 1611 40

Faerie Queene, 1613 43

BEN JONSON:

Plays in Folio, 1616 49

SHAKESPEARE QUARTOS:

Richard The Second, 1615 72

Merry Wives of Windsor, 1619 73

Contention of York and Lancaster, 1619 74

Pericles, 1619 77

Yorkshire Tragedy, 1619 78

Romeo and Juliet, no date 79

ROBERT GREENE:

A Quip For an Upstart Courtier, 1620 80

FRANCIS BACON:

Novum Organum, 1620 81

The Parasceve 133

Henry The Seventh, 1622 136

CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE:

Edward The Second, 1622 151

FRANCIS BACON:

Historia Vitæ & Mortis, 1623 153

SHAKESPEARE PLAYS:

First Folio, 1623 165

ROBERT BURTON:

Anatomy of Melancholy, 1628 218

“Argument of the Iliad” 220

FRANCIS BACON:

De Augmentis Scientiarum, 1624 310

“Argument of the Odysses” 313

New Atlantis, 1635 334

Sylva Sylvarum, 1635, Rawley’s Preface 339

Natural History 341

William Rawley’s Note 368

PERSONAL.

TO THE READER:

The discovery of the existence of the Bi-literal Cipher of Francis Bacon, found embodied in his works, and the deciphering of what it tells, has been a work arduous, exhausting and prolonged. It is not ended, but the results of the work so far brought forth, are submitted for study and discussion, and open a new and large field of investigation and research, which cannot fail to interest all students of the earlier literature that has come down to us as a mirror of the past, and in many respects has been adopted as models for the present.

Seeking for things hidden, the mysterious, elusive and unexpected, has a fascination for many minds, as it has for my own, and this often prompts to greater effort than more manifest and material things would command. To this may be attributed, perhaps, the triumph over difficulties which have seemed to me, at times, insurmountable, the solution of problems, and the following of ways tortuous and obscure, which have been necessary to bring out, as they appear in the following pages, the hidden messages which Francis Bacon so securely buried in his writings, that three hundred years of reading and close study have not until now uncovered them.

This Bi-literal Cipher is found in the Italic letters that appear in such unusual and unexplained prodigality in the original editions of Bacon’s works. Students of these old editions have been impressed with the extraordinary number of words and passages, often non-important, printed in Italics, where no known rule of construction would require their use. There has been no reasonable explanation of this until now it is found that they were so used for the purposes of this Cipher. These letters are seen to be in two forms--two fonts of type--with marked differences. In the Capitals these are easily discerned, but the distinguishing features in the small letters, from age of the books, blots and poor printing, have been more difficult to classify, and close examination and study have been required to separate and sketch out the variations, and educate the eye to distinguish them.

How I found the Cipher, its difficulties, methods of working, and outline of what the several books contain, will more fully appear in the explanatory introduction.

In assisting Dr. Owen in the preparation of the later books of “Sir Francis Bacon’s Cipher Story,” recently published, and in the study of the great Word-Cipher discovered by him, in which is incorporated Bacon’s more extensive, more complete and important writings, I became convinced that the very full explanation found in De Augmentis, of the bi-literal method of cipher-writing, was something more than a mere treatise on the subject. I applied the rules given to the peculiarly Italicised words and “letters in two forms,” as they appear in the photographic Fac-simile of the original 1623, Folio edition, of the Shakespeare Plays. The disclosures, as they appear in this volume, were as great a surprise to me, as they will be to my readers. Original editions of Bacon’s known works were then procured, as well as those of other authors named in these, and claimed by Bacon as his own. The story deciphered from these will appear under the several headings.

From the disclosures found in all these, it is evident that Bacon expected this Bi-literal Cipher would be the first to be discovered, and that it would lead to the discovery of his principal, or Word-Cipher, which it fully explains, and to which is intrusted the larger subjects he desired to have preserved. This order has been reversed, in fact, and the earlier discovery of the Word-Cipher, by Dr. Owen, becomes a more remarkable achievement, being entirely evolved without the aids which Bacon had prepared in this, for its elucidation.

The proofs are overwhelming and irresistible that Bacon was the author of the delightful lines attributed to Spenser,--the fantastic conceits of Peele and Greene,--the historical romances of Marlowe,--the immortal plays and poems put forth in Shakespeare’s name, as well as the Anatomy of Melancholy of Burton.

The removal of these masques, behind which Bacon concealed himself, may change the names of some of our idols. It is, however, the matter and not the name that appeals to our intelligence.

The plays of Shakespeare lose nothing of their dramatic power or wondrous beauty, nor deserve the less admiration of the scholar and critic, because inconsistencies are removed in the knowledge that they came from the brain of the greatest student and writer of that age, and were not a “flash of genius” descended upon one of peasant birth, less noble history, and of no preparatory literary attainments.

The Shepherds’ Calendar is not less sweetly poetical, because Francis Bacon appropriated the name of Spenser, several years after his death, under which to put forth the musical measures, that had, up to that time, only appeared as the production of some Muse without a name; nor will Faerie Queene lose ought of its rythmic beauty or romantic interest from change of name upon the title page.

The supposed writings of Peele, Greene and Marlowe are not the less worthy, because really written by one greater than either.

The remarkable similarity in the dramatic writings attributed to Greene, Peele, Marlowe and Shakespeare has attracted much attention, and the biographers of each have claimed that both style and subject-matter have been imitated, if not appropriated, by the others. The practical explanation lies in the fact that one hand wrote them all.

I fully appreciate what it means to bring forth new truth from unexpected and unknown fields, if not in accord with accented theories and long held beliefs. “For what a man had rather were true, he more readily believes,”--is one of Bacon’s truisms that finds many illustrations.

I appreciate what it means to ask strong minds to change long standing literary convictions, and of such I venture to ask the withholding of judgment until study shall have made the new matter familiar, with the assurance meanwhile, upon my part, of the absolute veracity of the work which is here presented. Any one possessing the original books, who has sufficient patience and a keen eye for form, can work out and verify the Cipher from the illustrations given. Nothing is left to choice, chance, or the imagination. The statements which are disclosed are such as could not be foreseen, nor imagined, nor created, nor can there be found reasonable excuse for the hidden writings, except for the purposes narrated, which could only exist concerning, and be described by, Francis Bacon.

I would beg that the readers of this book will bring to the consideration of the work minds free from prejudice, judging of it with the same intelligence and impartiality they would themselves desire, if the presentation were their own. Otherwise the work will, indeed, have been a thankless task.

To doubt the ultimate acceptance of the truths brought to light would be to distrust that destiny in which Bacon had such an abiding faith for his justification, and which, in fact, after three centuries, has lifted the veil, and brought us to estimate the character and accomplishments, trials and sorrows of that great genius, with a feeling of nearness and personal sympathy, far greater than has been possible from the partial knowledge which we have heretofore enjoyed.

ELIZABETH WELLS GALLUP.

Detroit, March 1st, 1899.

PUBLISHERS’ NOTE.

THIRD EDITION.

The publication of the second edition of the _Bi-literal Cypher of Francis Bacon_, which embraced the period of his Cipher writing between 1590 and the end of his career, emphasized the importance of finding the earlier writings--preceding 1590. The old books necessary to the research could not be procured in America, and during the summer of 1900 Mrs. Gallup and her assistant, Miss Kate E. Wells, visited England to carry on the work in that treasure house of early literature, the British Museum. The investigations yielded rich returns, for in Shepheard’s Calender of 1579 was found the commencement of what proved to be an important part of Bacon’s life work.

Following Shepheard’s Calender, the works between 1579 and 1590, so far deciphered, are:

Araygnement of Paris, 1584; Mirrour of Modestie, 1584.

Planetomachia, 1585.

Treatise of Melancholy, 1586. Two editions of this were issued the same year, with differing Italics. The first ends with an incomplete cipher word which is completed in the second for the continued narration, thus making evident which was first published, unless they were published at the same time.

Euphues, 1587; Morando, 1587. These two also join together, with an incomplete word at the end of the first finding its completion in the commencement of the Cipher in the second.

Perimedes the Blacke-smith, 1588; Pandosto, 1588. These two also join together.

Spanish Masquerado, 1589. Two editions of this work bear date the same year, but have different Italicising. In one edition the Cipher Story is complete, closing with the signature: “Fr., Prince.” In the other the story is not complete, the book ending with an incomplete cipher word, the remainder of which will be found in some work of a near date which has not yet been indicated.

Several months were spent in following, through these old books, the thread of the concealed story until it joined the work which had already been published. Overstrained eye-sight, from the close study of the different forms of Italic letters, and consequent exhaustion on the part of Mrs. Gallup, compelled a cessation of the work before all that would have been desirable to know concerning that early period was deciphered; and while these are not all the works in which Cipher will be found, between the years 1579 and 1590, they are sufficient unmistakably to connect the earlier writings with those of later date which had already been deciphered--as published in the _Bi-literal Cypher_--so that we now know the Cipher writings were being continuously infolded in Bacon’s works, for a period of about forty-six years, from the first to the last of his literary productions, including some matter he had prepared, which was published by Rawley subsequent to 1626.

These few pages of deciphered matter, now added to that published in the Second Edition, have a unique distinction in the costliness of their production, but they are of inestimable value, historically, as well as from a literary point of view, in demonstrating with certainty the scope and completeness of the Cipher plan which has so long hidden the secrets of a most eventful period.

_DE DIGNITATE ET AVGMENTIS
SCIENTIARVM._

LIBRI IX.

_AD REGEM SVVM_

Iuxta Exemplar Londini Impressum.

PARISIIS,
Typis PETRI METTAYER, Typographi Rygij

M. DC. XXIV.
]

_Of the Advancement of Learning._

(London, 1605.)

CYPHARS

For _CYPHARS_; they are commonly in Letters or Alphabets, but may bee in Wordes. _T_he kindes of _CYPHARS_, (besides the _SIMPLE CYPHARS_ with Changes, and intermixtures of _NVLLES_, and _NONSIGNIFICANTS_) are many, according to the Nature or Rule of the infoulding: _WHEELE-CYPHARS_, _KAY-CYPHARS_, _DOVBLES_, &c. But the vertues of them, whereby they are to be preferred, are three; that they be not laborious to write and reade; that they bee impossible to discypher; and in some cases, that they bee without suspition. The highest Degree whereof, is to write _OMNIA PER OMNIA_; which is vndoubtedly possible, with a proportion Quintuple at most, of the writing infoulding, to the writing infoulded, and no other restrainte whatsoeuer. This Arte of _Cypheringe_, hath for Relatiue, an Art of _Discypheringe_; by supposition vnprofitable; but, as things are, of great vse. For suppose that _Cyphars_ were well mannaged, there bee Multitudes of them which exclude the _Discypherer_. But in regarde of the rawnesse and vnskilfulnesse of the handes, through which they passe, the greatest Matters, are many times carryed in the weakest _Cyphars_.

DE AUGMENTIS SCIENTIARUM

(Translation, Gilbert Wats, 1640.)

_Wherefore let us come to_ _CYPHARS_. Their kinds are many, as _Cyphars simple_; _Cyphars intermixt with Nulloes_, or non-significant Characters; _Cyphars of double Letters under one Character_; _Wheele-Cyphars_; _Kay-Cyphars_; _Cyphars of Words_; _Others_. But the virtues of them whereby they are to be preferr’d are Three; _That they be ready, and not laborious to write_; _That they be sure, and lie not open to Deciphering_; _And lastly, if it be possible, that they be managed without suspition_.

But that jealousies may be taken away, we will annexe an other invention, which, in truth, we devised in our youth, when we were at _Paris_: and is a thing that yet seemeth to us not worthy to be lost. It containeth the _highest degree of Cypher_, which is to signifie _omnia per omnia_, yet so as the _writing infolding_, may beare a quintuple proportion to the _writing infolded_; no other condition or restriction whatsoever is required. It shall be performed thus: First let all the _Letters_ of the _Alphabet_, by transposition, be resolved into two _Letters_ onely; for the transposition of two _Letters_ by five placings will be sufficient for 32. Differences, much more for 24, which is the number of the _Alphabet_. The example of such an _Alphabet_ is on this wise.

_An Example of a Bi-literarie Alphabet._

A B C D E F
Aaaaa aaaab aaaba. aaabb. aabaa. aabab.

G H I K L M
aabba aabbb abaaa. abaab. ababa. ababb.

N O P Q R S
abbaa. abbab. abbba. abbbb. baaaa. baaab.

T V W X Y Z
baaba. baabb. babaa. babab. babba. babbb.

Neither is it a small matter these _Cypher-Characters_ have, and may performe: For by this _Art_ a way is opened, whereby a man may expresse and signifie the intentions of his minde, at any distance of place, by objects which may be presented to the eye, and accommodated to the eare: provided those objects be capable of a twofold difference onely; as by Bells, by Trumpets, by Lights and Torches, by the report of Muskets, and any instruments of like nature. But to pursue our enterprise, when you addresse your selfe to write, resolve your inward-infolded Letter into this _Bi-literarie Alphabet_. Say the _interiour Letter_ be

_Fuge._

_Example of Solution._

F V G E
aabab. baabb. aabba. aabaa.

Together with this, you must have ready at hand a _Bi-formed Alphabet_, which may represent all the _Letters_ of the _Common Alphabet_, as well Capitall Letters as the Smaller Characters in a double forme, as may fit every mans occasion.

_An Example of a Bi-formed Alphabet._

{ a b a b a b a b a b a b
{_A_ ~A~ _a_ ~a~ _B_ ~B~ _b_ ~b~ _C_ ~C~ _c_ ~c~

{ a b a b a b a b a b a b
{_D_ ~D~ _d_ ~d~ _E_ ~E~ _e_ ~e~ _F_ ~F~ _f_ ~f~

{ a b a b a b a b a b a b
{_G_ ~G~ _g_ ~g~ _H_ ~H~ _h_ ~h~ _I_ ~I~ _i_ ~i~

{a b a b a b a b a b a b
{_K_ ~K~ _k_ ~k~ _L_ ~L~ _l_ ~l~ _M_ ~M~ _m_ ~m~

{ a b a b a b a b a b a b
{_N_ ~N~ _n_ ~n~ _O_ ~O~ _o_ ~o~ _P_ ~P~ _p_ ~p~

{a b a b a b a b a b a b
{_Q_ ~Q~ _q_ ~q~ _R_ ~R~ _r_ ~r~ _S_ ~S~ _s_ ~s~

{ a b a b a b a b a b a b a b
{_T_ ~T~ _t_ ~t~ _V_ ~V~ _v_ ~v~ _u_ ~u~ _W_ ~W~ _w_ ~w~

{a b a b a b a b a b a b
{_X_ ~X~ _x_ ~x~ _Y_ ~Y~ _y_ ~y~ _Z_ ~Z~ _z_ ~z~

Now to the interiour letter, which is Biliterate, you shall fit a biformed exteriour letter, which shall answer the other, letter for letter, and afterwards set it downe. Let the exteriour example be,

_Manere te volo, donec venero._

_An Example of Accommodation._

_F_ _V_ _G_ _E_
_aa b a b.b aa bb. aa bb a.aa b aa._

_Ma_~n~_e_~re~ _te_ ~vo~_lo_ ~do~_nec_ ~v~_enero_

We have annext likewise a more ample example of the cypher of writing _omnia per omnia_: An interiour letter, which to expresse, we have made choice of a Spartan letter sent once in a _Scytale_ or round cypher’d staffe.

_Spartan Dispatch._

_All is lost. Mindarus is killed. The soldiers want food. We
can neither get hence nor stay longer here._

An exteriour letter, taken out of the first Epistle of _Cicero_, wherein a Spartan Letter is involved.

_Cicero’s First Epistle._

(Note)—This Translation from Spedding, Ellis & Heath Ed.
(REPRODUCTION)

_In all|d_~u~_t_~y~ _o|r_ ~r~_a_~t~_h|e_~r~ _pie_|~t~_y_
aa aaa|a b a b a|a b a b a|a b aaa | b a
_A_ | _L_ | _L_ | _I_ | _S_

_to_~w~|_a_~r~_d_~s~_y|o_~u, I~ _s_~a|t~_isf_~y~|
aa b | a b a b a|a b b a b|b aaa b |
| _L_ | _O_ | _S_ |

~e~_ve_~r~_y|b_~o~_d_~y e~|_x_~c~_ept| m_~ys~_el|f. My_~se~|_lf I_
b aa b a|a b a b b | a b aaa| a bb aa|a aa bb | aa a
_T_ | _M_ | _I_ | _N_ | _D_ | _A_

_ne_|~v~_er sa_|~t~_is_~fy.| F~_or s_~o~ |_g_~r~_eat_| ~a~_re_
aa | b aa aa | b aa bb | b aa a b | a b aaa | b aa
| _R_ | _U_ | _S_ | _I_ | _S_

_t_~h~|_e ~s~_er_~v~|_i_~c~_es w|h_~i~_c_~h~ _y|o_~u~ _h_~a~_v|e_
a b | a b aa b | a b aa a|a b a b a|a b a b a|a
| _K_ | _I_ | _L_ | _L_ |

_r_~e~_nd|ere_~d m|e,~ _th_~a~_t_| _se_~ein~|_g y_~o~_u d|_~i~_d_
a b aa|aaa b b|b _aa b a | aa bbb | a a b a a| b a
_E_ | _D_ | _T_ | _H_ | _E_ |

_no_~t~ |_r_~es~_t_ ~i~_|n_ ~y~_o_~u~_r_ |_end_~ea~ |_v_~o~_urs| on_
aa b | a bb a b |a b a b a | aaa bb | a b aaa| aa
_S_ | _O_ | _L_ | _D_ | _I_ |

~m~_y b_|~e~_half_| ~t~_ill_ ~t|h~_e_ ~t~_hi|ng was_| _d_~on~_e, I_|
b a a | b aaaa | b aaa b|b a b aa|aa aaa | a bb a a |
_E_ | _R_ | _S_ | _W_ | _A_ | _N_ |

~f~_ee_~l~ _a|s_ _i_~f~ _l_~i~|_f_~e h~_a_~d~ |_l_~os~_t_ ~a~|_ll_
b aa b a|a a b a b | a b b a b | a bb a b | aa
_T_ | _F_ | _O_ | _O_ |

_i_~ts| s~_w_~e~_et|ne_~s~_s, b|eca_~u~_s|e I can|n_~ot~ _do| a_~s~
a bb| b a b aa|aa b a a|aaa b a|a a aaa|a bb aa| a b
_D_ | _W_ | _E_ | _C_ | _A_ | _N_ |

~m~_uc|h i_~n~ _th|i_~s~ _cau_|~s~_e o_~f~ _y|ou_~rs~. ~T~|_he_
b aa|a a b aa|a b aaa | b a a b a|aa bb b | aa
_N_ | _E_ | _I_ | _T_ | _H_ |

~o~_cc_|~a~_sion|s a_~re~ _t|he_~s~_e:_ _A_|~m~_mo_~n~_i|us,_ ~the~ |
b aa | b aaaa|a a bb a|aa b a a | b aa b a|aa bbb |
_E_ | _R_ | _G_ | _E_ | _T_ | _H_ |

_ki_~n~_g’s| a_~mb~_as|sad_~o~_r,| op_~e~_nl|y_ ~be~_si|e_~ge~_s_
aa b a a| a bb aa|aaa b a | aa b aa|a bb aa|a bb a
_E_ | _N_ | _C_ | _E_ | _N_ | _O_

~u|s~ _with_| ~m~_one_~y.| T~_he_ b~_u|sines_|~s~ _i_~s~
b|b aaaa | b aaa b | b aa b a|aaaaa | b a b
| _R_ | _S_ | _T_ | _A_ | _Y_

~c~_a|r_~r~_i_~e~_d| o_~n t~_h_~r~|_o_~ug~_h t|he_ ~sa~_m|e_
b a|a b a b a| a b b a b | a bb a a|aa bb a|a
| _L_ | _O_ | _N_ | _G_ |

_c_~r~_ed_|~i~_tors_| _wh_~o we~|_re_ ~e~_mp_|~l~_oyed |in_ ~i~_t_
a b aa | b aaaa | _aa b bb | aa b aa | b aaaa |aa b a
_E_ | _R_ | _H_ | _E_ | _R_ | _E_

_w|hen you were here &c._
a|aaa aaa aaaa
|

(REPRODUCTION.)

_Epistle._

_In all d_~u~_t_~y~ _or_ ~r~_a_~t~_he_~r~ _pie_~t~_y_
_to_~w~_a_~r~_d_~s~_yo_~u, I~ _s_~at~_isf_~y e~_ve_~r~_y_
_b_~o~_d_~y e~_x_~c~_ept m_~ys~_elf. My_~se~_lf I ne_~v~_er_
_sa_~t~_is_~fy. F~_or s_~o~ _g_~r~_eat_ ~a~_re_ _t_~h~_e_
~s~_er_~v~_i_~c~_es wh_~i~_c_~h~ _yo_~u~ _h_~a~_ve_
_r_~e~_ndere_~d me,~ _th_~a~_t_ _se_~ein~_g y_~o~_u d_~i~_d_
_no_~t~ _r_~es~_t_ ~i~_n_ ~y~_o_~u~_r_ _end_~ea~_v_~o~_urs on_
~m~_y b_~e~_half_ ~t~_ill_ ~th~_e_ ~t~_hing was_ _d_~on~_e_,
_I_ ~f~_ee_~l~ _as_ _i_~f~ _l_~i~_f_~e h~_a_~d~ _l_~os~_t_
~a~_ll_ _i_~ts s~_w_~e~_etne_~s~_s, beca_~u~_se I cann_~ot~
_do a_~s~ ~m~_uch i_~n~ _thi_~s~ _cau_~s~_e o_~f~ _you_~rs~.
~T~_he ~o~_cc_~a~_sions a_~re~ _the_~s~_e:_ _A_~m~_mo_~n~_ius,_
~the~ _ki_~n~_g’s a_~mb~_assad_~o~_r, op_~e~_nl|y_
~be~_sie_~ge~_s_ ~us~ _with_ ~m~_one_~y. T~_he_ b~_usines_~s~
_i_~s~ ~c~_ar_~r~_i_~e~_d o_~n t~_h_~r~_o_~ug~_h the_ ~sa~_me_
_c_~r~_ed_~i~_tors_ _wh_~o we~_re_ ~e~_mp_~l~_oyed in_ ~i~_t_
_when you were here &c._

_Cipher infolded._

_All is lost. Mindarus is killed. The soldiers want food. We
can neither get hence nor stay longer here._

* * * * *

_The knowledge of Cyphering_, hath drawne on with it a knowledge relative unto it, which is the knowledge of _Discyphering_, or of Discreting _Cyphers_, though a man were utterly ignorant of the _Alphabet_ of the _Cypher_, and the Capitulations of secrecy past between the Parties. _Certainly_ it is an Art which requires great paines and a good witt and is [as the other was] consecrate to the Counsels of Princes: yet notwithstanding by diligent prevision it may be made unprofitable, though, as things are, it be of great use. For if good and faithfull _Cyphers_ were invented & practised, many of them would delude and forestall all the Cunning of the _Decypherer_, which yet are very apt and easie to be read or written: but the rawnesse and unskilfulnesse of Secretaries, and Clarks in the Courts of Princes, is such, that many times the greatest matters are committed to futile and weake Cyphers.

THE
TRAGEDY OF
ANNE BOLEYN.

A DRAMA IN CIPHER

FOUND IN THE WORKS OF

SIR FRANCIS BACON.

DECIPHERED BY

ELIZABETH WELLS GALLUP.

DETROIT, MICHIGAN, U. S. A.:
HOWARD PUBLISHING COMPANY.

LONDON:
GAY & BIRD,
22 BEDFORD ST. STRAND.