Chapter IV (5)

Consciousness and action, ix, 5, 144, 145, 179-80, 207, 260-1
consciousness as appendage to action, ix
consciousness as arithmetical difference between possible and real
activity, 145
consciousness as auxiliary to action, 179-80
consciousness as inadequacy of act to representation, 144
consciousness as instrument of action, 180
consciousness as interval between possible and real action, 145, 179
consciousness as light from zone of possible actions surrounding the
real act, 179
consciousness and locomotion, 262
consciousness plugged up by action, 144, 145.
_See_ Torpor, Sleep
consciousness as sketch of action, 207
intensity of, varies with ratio of possible to real action, 145

Consciousness in animals, as distinguished from the consciousness of
plants, 130, 135-6, 143
as distinguished from the consciousness of man, 139-43, 180, 183, 184,
187, 188, 212, 263-9.
_See_ Torpor, Sleep
characteristic of animals, torpor of plants, 109, 111, 113, 120, 128-9,
135-6, 181, 182, 292
as background of instinct and intelligence, 186
and brain, 180, 262, 263, 269, 270, 354
and choice, 110, 144-5, 179, 262-4
coextensive with universal life, 186, 270
and creation, consciousness as demand for creation, 261
current of, penetrating matter, 181, 270
as deficiency of instinct, 145
in dog and man, 180
double form of, 179
function of, 207
as hesitation or choice, 143, 144
imprisonment of, 180, 183-4, 264
as invention and freedom, 264, 270
in man as distinguished from, in lower forms of life, 180, 263, 264,
267, 268
and matter, 179, 181-2
as motive principle of evolution, 181-2
nullified, as distinguished from the absence of consciousness, 143
and the organism, 270
in plants, 131, 135-6, 143
as world principle, 237, 261

Conservation of energy, 243, 244

Construction, 139-42, 150-1, 156, 157-8, 180, 182.
_See_ Manufacture, Solid
the characteristic work of intellect, 163-4
as the method of Kant's successors, 364-5

Contingency, 96, 255, 268.
_See_ Accident, Chance
the, of order, 231, 235

Continuation of vital process in instinct, 138, 139, 166, 167, 246.
_See_ Variations, Vital process

Continuity, 1, 26, 29-30, 37, 138-40, 154, 162-4, 258, 302, 306-7, 311-2,
321, 325-6, 329-30, 347
of becoming, 306-7, 312
of change, 325-6
of evolution, 18, 19
of extension, 154
of germinative plasma, 26, 37
of instinct with vital process, 139, 140, 166-7, 246
of life, 1-11, 29, 163-4, 258
of living substance, 162
of psychic life, 1, 30
of the real, 302, 329-30
of sensible intuition with ultra-intellectual, 361
of sensible universe, 346

Conventionality of science, 207

"Conversion" and "procession" in Alexandrian philosophy, 323

Cook, Plato's comparison of the, and the dialectician, 156

Cope, 35 _note_, 77, 111

Correlation, law of, 66, 67

Correspondence between mind and matter in Spencer, 368.
_See_ Simultaneity

Cortical mechanism, 252, 253, 262.
_See_ Cerebral mechanism

Cosmogony and genesis of matter, 188.
_See_ Genesis of matter and of intellect, Spencer

Cosmology the, that follows from the philosophy of Ideas, 315, 328
as reversed psychology, 208

Counterweight representation as, to action, 145

Counting simultaneities, the measurement of time is, 338, 341-2

Creation, xi, 7, 11, 12, 22, 29, 30, 45, 93, 100, 101, 103, 105, 108, 114,
128-31, 161, 163-4, 178, 200, 217, 218, 223, 226, 230, 237-40, 261,
270, 275, 339-40
in Descartes's philosophy, 345
of intellect, 248-9
of matter, 237, 239, 247-8, 249.
_See_ Materiality the inversion of spirituality
of present by past, 5, 20-3, 27, 167, 199-202
the vital order as, 230

Creative evolution, 7, 15, 21, 27, 29, 36, 37, 65, 100, 104-5, 161,
163, 223-4, 230-1, 237, 264, 269

Creativeness of free action, 192, 243
of invention, 250

Creeping plants in illustration of vegetable mobility, 108

Cricket victim of paralyzing instinct of sphex, 172

Criterion, quest of a, 53 _ff._
of evolutionary rank, 133, 265

Criticism, Kantian, 205, 287 _note_, 356, 360-2
of knowledge, 194-5

Cross-cuts through becoming by intellect, 314.
_See_ Views of reality
through matter by perception, 206

Cross-roads of vital tendency, 51, 52, 54, 110, 126

Crustacea, 19, 111, 129-30

Crystal illustrating (by contrast) individuation, 12

Cuénot, 79 _note_

Culminating points of evolutionary progress, 50, 133-5.
_See_ Evolutionary superiority

Current, 26, 27, 51, 185, 236, 237, 250, 266, 269

Currents, antagonistic, 250
of existence, 185
of life penetrating matter, 26, 27, 266, 270
vital, 26, 27, 51, 237, 266, 270
of will penetrating matter, 237

Curves, as symbol of life, 32, 90, 213

Cuts through becoming by the intellect, 313-4.
_See_ Views of reality, Snapshots in illustration, etc.
through matter by perception, 206

Cuvier, 125 _note_

Dantec (Le), 18 _note_, 34 _note_

Darwin, 62-5, 66, 72, 108, 170 _note_

Darwinism, 56, 85, 86

Dastre, 36 _note_

Dead, the, is the object of intellect, 165

Dead-locks in speculation, 155, 312

Death, 246 _note_, 271

Declivity descended by matter, 208, 246, 256, 339-40.
_See_ Descending movement

Decomposing and recomposing powers characteristic of intellect, 157, 251

Deduction, analogy between, related to moral sphere and tangent to
curve, 213
and astronomy, 213
duration refractory to, 213
geometry the ideal limit of, 213-26, 361
in animals, 212
inverse to positive spiritual effort, 212
nature of, 211
physics and, 213
weakness of, in psychology and moral science, 213

Defence and attack in evolution, 132

Deficiency of will the negative condition of mathematical order and
complexity, 209

Definition in the realm of life, 13, 105, 106

Degenerates, 133-5

_Dégénérescence sénile (La)_, by Metchnikoff, 18 _note_

Degradation of energy, 241, 242, 246
of the extra-spatial into the spatial, 207
of the ideas into the sensible flux in ancient philosophy, 317-9,
324-5, 327-9, 331, 343, 345, 352-3

Degrees of being in the successors of Kant, 362-3

Degrees of reality in Greek philosophy, 324, 327

Delage, 59 _note_, 81 _note_, 260 _note_

Delamare, 81 _note_

Deliberation, 144

De Manacéine, 124 _note_

Deposit, instinct and intelligence as deposits, emanations, issues, or
aspects of life, x, xii, xiii, 49, 103, 105, 136, 365

De Saporta, 107 _note_

Descartes, 280, 334, 345, 346, 353, 358
becoming, 345-6
creation, 346
determinism, 345
duration, 346
freedom, 345, 346
geometry, 334
God, 346
image and idea or concept, 281
indeterminism, 345
mechanism, 345, 346
motion, 346
vacillation between abstract time and real duration, 345

Descending movement of existence, 11, 202, 203, 208, 271, 275, 369

Design, motionless, of action the object of intellect, 154-5, 299,
301-2, 303

Detention in the dream state, 202
of intuition in intellect, 238

Determination, 76-7, 129-30, 223, 246

Determinism, 217, 264, 345, 348. _See_ Inert matter, Geometry
in Descartes, 345

Development, 133, 134-5, 141.
_See_ Order, Progress, Evolution, Superiority

Deviation from type, 82-4

Dialect and intuition in philosophy, 238

Dichotomy of the real in modern philosophy, 350

Differentiation of parts in an organism, 253, 260

Dilemma of any systematic metaphysics, 195, 197, 230

Diminution, derivation of becoming from being by, in ancient philosophy,
316, 317, 322, 323-4, 327-8, 343-5, 352
geometrical order as, or lower complication of the vital order, 236

Dionaea illustrating certain animal characteristics in plants, 107,
108, 109

Discontinuity of action, 154, 306-7
of attention, 2
of extension relative to action, 154, 163
of knowledge, 306
of living substance, 163
a positive idea, 154

Discontinuous the object of intellect, 154

Discord in nature, 127, 128, 254-5, 267

Disorder, 40, 104, 222-3, 225-6, 232-5, 274.
_See_ Expectation, Order, mathematical, Orders of reality, two

Disproportion between an invention and its consequences, 182

Dissociation as a cosmic principle opposed to association, 260
of tendencies, 54, 89, 135, 254, 255, 257, 258.
_See_ Divergent lines of evolution

Distance, extension as the, between what is and what ought to be, 318-9,
327-8, 331

Distinct multiplicity in the dream state, 201, 210
of the inert, 257

Distinctness characteristic of the intellect, 160, 237, 251
characteristic of perception, 227, 251
as spatiality, 203, 207-8, 244, 250

Divergent lines of evolution, xii, 54, 55, 87, 97-101, 103-4, 106, 107,
109, 112, 113, 116, 119, 130, 132, 134-5, 142, 149, 150, 168, 173, 181,
254, 255, 266, 267.
_See_ Dissociation of tendencies, Complementarity, etc., Schisms
in the primitive impulsion of life

Diversity, sensible, 205, 220-1, 231, 235, 236

Divination, instinct as, 176.
_See_ Sympathy, etc.

Divisibility of extension, 154, 162

Division as function of intellect, 152, 154, 162-3, 189
of labor, 99, 110, 118, 157, 166, 260
of labor in cells, 166

Dog and man, consciousness in, 180

Dogmatism of the ancient epistemology contrasted with the relativism of
the modern, 230
of Leibniz and Spinoza, 356-7
skepticism, and relativism, 196-7, 230

Dogs and the law of correlation, 66

Domestication of animals and heredity, 80

Dominants of Reinke, 42 _note_

Dorfmeister, 72

Dream, 144, 180-1, 202, 209, 256.
_See_ Interpenetration, Relaxation, Detention, Recollection
as relaxation, 202

Driesch, 42 _note_

Drosera, 107, 108, 109

Dufourt, 124 _note_

Duhem, 242 _note_

Dunan, Ch., xv _note_

Duration, xiv _note_, 2, 4-6, 8-11, 15, 17, 21, 22, 37, 39, 46, 51,
199, 201, 206, 213, 216, 240, 272, 273, 276, 298-9, 308-9, 317-8, 319
_note_, 324, 328, 332, 339, 342, 343, 345, 354, 361, 363-4
absoluteness of, 206
and deduction, 213
in Descartes's philosophy, 346
gnawing of, 4, 8, 46
indivisibility of, 6, 308-9
and induction, 216
and the inert, 343-4
in the philosophy of the Ideas, 316-7, 319 _note_, 324, 327, 328-9
rhythm of, 11, 128, 346.
_See_ Creation, Evolution, Invention, Time, Unforeseeableness,
Uniqueness

Echinoderms in reference to animal mobility, 130, 131

Efficient cause in conception of chance, 234
Spinoza and, 269

Effort in evolution, 170

[Greek: Eidos], 314-5

Eimer, 55, 72, 73, 86

Elaborateness of the mathematical order, 208-10, 217, 251

Eleatic philosophy, 308, 314-5

Emanation, logical thought an, issue, aspect or deposit of life, ix, xii,
xiii, 49

Embroidering "something" on the canvas of "nothing," 297

Embroidery by descendants on the canvas handed down by ancestors, 23

Embryo, 18, 19, 26, 27, 75, 81, 89, 101, 166

Embryogeny, comparative, and transformism, 25

Embryonic life, 27, 166

Empirical study of evolution the centre of the theory of knowledge and of
the theory of life, 178
theories of knowledge, 205

Empty, thinking the full by means of the empty, 273-4

End in Eleatic philosophy, 314-5
of science is practical utility, 329

Energy, 115-7, 120-3, 242, 243, 245, 246, 252-5, 256, 257, 262
conservation of, 242
degradation of, 242, 243, 246
solar, stored by plants, released by animals, 245, 254

Enneadae of Plotinus, 210 _note_

Entelechy of Driesch, 42 _note_

Entropy, 243

Environment in evolution, 129, 133, 138, 140, 142, 150, 167, 168, 170,
192, 193, 252, 256, 257
and special instincts, 138, 168, 192, 193

Epiphenomenalism, 262

Essence and accidents in Aristotle's philosophy, 353
or form in Eleatic philosophy, 314-5
the meaning of, 302-3

Essences (or forms), qualities and acts, the three kinds of
representation, 303-4

Eternity, 39, 298, 314, 317, 320, 324, 328, 346, 352, 354
in the philosophy of Ideas, 316-7, 319, 324, 328
in Spinoza's philosophy, 353

Euglena, 116

Evellin, 311 _note_

Eventual actions, 11, 96.
_See_ Possible activity

Evolution, ix-xv, 18, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26-7, 37, 46-55, 63, 68, 79
_note_, 84-8, 97-105, 107, 113, 116, 126, 127, 129-30, 131-2,
133, 134, 136, 138-40, 141-2, 143, 161, 166, 167, 168-72, 173, 174,
175, 179, 181, 182, 185, 186, 190, 193, 198-9, 207-8, 224, 231, 242
_note_, 246, 248, 249, 251, 252, 254, 264-6, 268, 273, 302, 311,
345, 359, 360, 366
accident in, 104, 169, 170, 173, 174, 251, 252
animal, a progress toward mobility, 131
antagonistic tendencies in, 103, 113, 185
automatic and determinate, is action being undone, 248
blind alleys of, 129
circularity of each special, 128
complementarity of the divergent lines of, 97-102, 103, 116
conceptually inexpressible, 49, 50, 52, 53, 127, 181, 273
continuity of, 18, 19, 26, 37, 46, 273, 302, 312, 345
creative, 7, 15, 21, 27, 30, 36, 37, 65, 100, 105, 161, 162, 163, 223,
230, 238, 264, 269
culminating points of, 50, 133, 174, 185, 265, 266, 268
development by, 133, 134, 141-2
divergent lines of, xii, 53, 54, 87, 97-101, 103-4, 107, 173-4, 246
and duration, 20, 22, 37, 45-6
empirical study of, the centre of the theory of knowledge and of life,
178
and environment, 101-3, 129, 133, 138, 142, 150, 167, 168, 169, 192,
193, 251, 256, 257
of instinct, 170, 171, 174-5.
_See_ Divergent lines, etc., Culminating points, etc., Evolution
and environment
of intellect, x-xii, 153, 186, 189-90, 193, 198-9, 207-8, 359, 360.
_See_ Divergent lines, etc., Culminating points, etc., Genesis
of matter and of intellect
as invention, 344
of man, 264, 266, 268. _See_ Culminating points, etc.
motive principle of, is consciousness, 181
of species product of the vital impetus opposed by matter, 247-8, 254
and transformism, 24
unforeseeable, 47, 48, 53, 86, 224
variation in, 23-4, 55, 63, 68, 72 _note_, 85, 131, 137-8, 167, 169,
171, 264

Evolutionary, qualitative, and extensive motion 302-3, 311, 312
superiority, 133-5, 174-5.
_See_ Success, Criterion of evolutionary rank, Culminating points, etc.

Evolutionism, x-xii, xiv, 77, 84, 364

Exhaustion of the mutability of the universe, 337-8

Existence, logical, as contrasted with psychical and physical, 276, 362
of matter tends toward instantaneity, 201
of self means change, 1 _ff._
superaddition of, upon nothingness, 276

Expectation, 214-6, 221, 222, 226, 233, 235, 274, 281, 292
in conception of disorder, 221, 222, 226, 233, 234, 235, 274
in conception of void or naught, 282, 292

Experience, 138, 147, 177, 197, 204, 229, 321, 354, 359, 363, 368

Explosion, illustrating cause by release, 73

Explosive character of animal energy, 116, 119, 120, 246
of organization, 92

Explosives, manufacture of, by plants and use by animals, 246, 254

Extension, 149, 154, 161, 202, 203, 207, 211, 223, 236, 245, 318-20,
324, 327, 351, 352
continuity of, 154
discontinuity of, relative to action, 154, 162
as the distance between what is and what ought to be, 318
divisibility of, 154, 162
the most general property of matter, 154, 250, 251
the inverse movement to tension, 245
of knowledge, 150
in Leibniz's philosophy, 351, 352
of matter in space, 204, 211
in the philosophy of Ideas, 318-9, 323-4, 327
and relaxation, 202, 207, 209, 211, 212, 218, 223, 245
in Spinoza's philosophy, 350
in the Transcendental Aesthetic, 203
unity of, 158-9
as weakening of the essence of being, in Plotinus, 210 _note_

Extensive, evolutionary and qualitative motion, 302-3, 311, 312

External conditions in evolution, 128, 133, 137, 141-2, 150-1, 167,
168, 170, 192, 193, 252, 256, 257
finality, 41

Externality of concepts, 160, 168, 174, 177, 199, 251, 305, 311-4
the most general property of matter, 154, 250, 251

Externalized action in distinction from internalized, 147, 165.
_See_ Somnambulism, etc., Automatic activity, etc.

Eye of mollusc and vertebrate compared, 60, 75, 77, 84, 86, 87-8

Fabre, 172 _note_

Fabrication. _See_ Construction

Fallacies, two fundamental, 272, 273

Fallacy of thinking being by not-being, 276, 277, 284, 297-8
of thinking the full by the empty, 273-5
of thinking motion by the motionless, 272, 273, 297-8, 307-8, 309-14

Fallibility of instinct, 172-3

Falling back of matter upon consciousness, 264
bodies, comparison of Aristotle and Galileo, 228, 331-2, 334
weight, figure of material world, 245, 246

Familiar, the, is the object of intellect, 163, 164, 199, 270

Faraday, 203

Fasting, in reference to primacy of nervous system over the other
physiological systems, 124

Fauna, menace of torpor in primitive, 130

Feeling in the conception of chance, 207
and instinct, 143, 174-5

Fencing-master, illustrating hereditary transmission, 79

Ferments, certain characteristics of, 106

Fertilization of orchids by insects, by Darwin, 170 _note_

Fichte's conception of the intellect, 189-90, 357

Filings, iron, in illustration of the relation of structure to
function, 94, 95

Film, cinematographic, figure of abstract motion, 304-6

Final cause, 40, 45, 234, 325
conception of, involves conception of mechanical cause, 44
God as, in Aristotle, 322-3

Finalism, 39-53, 58, 74, 88-97, 101-5, 126-8

Finality, 41, 164, 177-8, 185, 223, 224, 266
external and internal, 41
misfit for the vital, 177, 223-4, 225, 266
and the unforeseeableness of life, 164, 185

Fischel, 75 _note_

Fish in illustration of animal tendency to mobility, 130, 131

Fixation of nutritive elements, 107-9, 113, 117, 246, 247, 253

Fixity, 108-13, 118, 119, 130, 155.
_See_ Torpor
apparent or relative, 155
cellulose envelope and the, of plants, 108, 111, 130
of extension, 155
of plants, 108-13, 118, 119, 130-1
of torpid animals, 130

Flint hatchets and human intelligence, 137

Fluidity of life, 153, 165, 193
of matter as a whole, 186, 369

Flux of material bodies, 265
of reality, 250, 251, 337, 342, 344

Flying arrow of Zeno, 308, 309, 310

Focalization of personality, 201

Food, 106-9, 113-4, 117, 120, 121, 246, 247, 254

Foraminifera, failure of certain, to evolve, 197

Force, 126-7, 141, 149, 150, 175, 246, 254, 339
life a, inverse to matter, 246
limitedness of vital force, 126, 127, 141, 149, 162
time as, 339-40

Forel, 176 _note_

Foreseeing, 8, 28, 29, 30, 37, 45, 47, 96.
_See_ Unforeseeableness

Form, xi, 51, 101, 104, 113, 116-8, 129, 135-6, 148-53, 155, 156, 160,
164, 195-7, 222, 237, 250, 255, 302, 303, 314, 317, 318, 322, 341,
357, 359, 361, 362
complementarity of forms evolved, xi, 51, 101, 104, 113, 116-8, 135-6,
255
expansion of the forms of consciousness, xii, xiii
(or essences), qualities and acts the three kinds of representation,
302-3
God as pure form in Aristotle, 196, 322
or idea in ancient philosophy, 317, 318, 330
of intelligence, xiv, 48, 147, 148, 165, 190, 195, 196, 198, 207, 219,
257-9, 266, 358-9, 361. _See_ Concept
and matter in creation, 239, 250
and matter in knowledge, 195, 361
a snapshot view of transition, 302

Formal knowledge, 152
logic, 292

Forms of sensibility, 361

Fossil species, 102

Foster, 125 _note_

Fox in illustration of animal intelligence, 138

Frames of the understanding, 46-7, 48, 150-2, 173, 177, 197-9, 219-20,
223-4, 258, 270, 313, 358, 364
fit the inert, 197, 218
inadequate to reality entire, 364
misfit for the vital, x, xiii, xiv, 46, 48, 173, 177, 197-9, 223,
258, 313
product of life, 358
transform freedom into necessity, 270
utility of, lies in their unlimited application, 149-50, 152

Freedom, 11, 48, 126, 130, 163, 164, 200, 202, 207, 208, 217, 223, 231,
237, 239, 247, 249, 264-6, 269, 270, 277, 300, 339-41, 345, 346
the absolute as freely acting, 277
affirmed by conscience, 269
animal characteristic rather than vegetable, 129-30
caprice attribute not of, but of mechanism, 47
coextensiveness of consciousness with, 111, 112, 202, 264, 270
of creation and life, 247, 254, 255
creativeness of, 223, 239, 248
in Descartes's philosophy, 345, 346
as efficient causality, 277
inversion of necessity, 236
and liberation of consciousness, 265, 266.
_See_ Imprisonment of consciousness
and novelty, 12, 163, 164, 200, 218, 231, 239, 249, 270, 339-42
order in, 223
property of every organism, 129-31
relaxation of, into necessity, 217
tendency of, to self-negation in habit, 127
tension of, 200, 201, 202, 207, 223, 237, 301
transformed by the understanding into necessity, 270
_See_ Spontaneity

Fringe of intelligence around instinct, 136
of intuition around intellect, xii, xiii, 46
of possible action around real action, 179, 272

Froth, alveolar, in imitation of organic phenomena, 33-4

Full, fallacy of thinking the, by the empty, 273-6

Function, ix, 3, 5, 44, 46, 47, 88-90, 94, 95, 106-10, 113, 114, 117, 120,
121, 127, 132, 140, 141, 145, 152, 153, 157, 161, 163, 164, 168, 173-5,
186-92, 199, 206, 207, 233, 237, 246, 251, 254-6, 262, 263, 270, 273,
298, 306, 346, 358, 369
accumulation of energy the function of vegetable organisms, 254, 255
action the, of intellect, ix, 12, 44, 47, 93, 161, 162, 186-8, 206, 251,
273, 305
action the, of nervous system, 262, 263
alimentation, 106, 107, 120, 121, 246, 254
of animals is canalization of energy, 93, 110, 126, 255, 256
carbon and the, of organisms, 107, 113, 114, 117, 254, 255
chlorophyllian, 107-9, 114, 117, 246, 254
concept-making the, of intellect, x, 49
of consciousness: sketching movements, 207
construction the, of intellect, 108
illumination of action, of perception, 5, 206, 307-8
of intelligence: action, ix, 12, 44, 46, 93, 160, 162, 186-8, 206, 251,
273, 307-8
of intelligence: concept-making, x, 50
of intelligence: construction, 160, 163, 181-2
of intelligence: division, 154, 155, 162, 189
of intelligence: illumination of action by perception, 5, 206, 301
of intelligence: repetition, 164, 199, 214-6
of intelligence: retrospection, 47, 237
of intelligence: connecting same with same, 199, 233, 270
of intelligence: scanning the rhythm of the universe, 346
of intelligence: tactualizing all perception, 168
of intelligence: unification, 152, 154, 357
of the nervous system: action, 262, 263
and organ, 88-90, 94, 95, 132-3, 140, 141, 158.
_See_ Function and structure
and organ in arthropods, vertebrates and man, 132-3
of the organism, 94, 106-10, 112, 114, 117, 120, 126, 173-5, 246, 253-6
of the organism, alimentation, 106, 107, 120, 121, 246, 254
of the organism, animal: canalization of energy, 93, 110, 126, 255, 256
of the organism, carbon in, 107, 113, 114, 117, 254, 255
of the organism, chlorophyllian function, 107-9, 114, 117, 246, 247, 254
of the organism, primary functions of life: storage and expenditure of
energy, 254-6
of the organism, vegetable: accumulation of energy, 254, 255
of philosophy: adoption of the evolutionary movement of life and
consciousness, 370
of science, 168, 346
sketching movements the, of consciousness, 207
and structure, 55, 62, 66, 69, 74, 75, 76, 86, 88-91, 93, 94, 96, 118,
132, 140, 141, 158, 162, 250, 252, 256
tactualizing all perception the, of science, 168
of vegetable organism: accumulation of energy, 254, 255

Functions of life, the two: storage and expenditure of energy, 254-6

Galileo, homogeneity of time in, 332
his influence on metaphysics, 20, 228
his influence on modern science, 334, 335
extension of Galileo's physics, 357, 370
his theory of the fall of bodies compared with Aristotle's, 228, 331,
332, 334

Ganoid breast-plate of ancient fishes, in reference to animal mobility,
130, 131

Gaudry, 130 _note_

Genera, relation of, to individuals, 226
relation of, to laws, 225, 226, 330
potential, 226-7
and signs, 158

Generality, ambiguity of the idea of, in philosophy, 229-31, 236

Generalization dependent on repetition, 230, 231
distinguished from transference of sign, 158
in the vital and mathematical orders, 224, 225, 230

Generic, type of the: similarity of structure between generating and
generated, 223, 224

Genesis, xiii, xiv, 153, 186-199, 207, 359, 360
of intellect, xiii, xiv, 153, 186, 187, 190, 193, 194, 196-7, 207,
264, 360
of knowledge, 191
of matter, xiii, xiv, 153, 186, 188, 190, 193, 199, 207, 360

Genius and the willed order, 223, 237

Genus. _See_ Genera

Geometrical, the, is the object of the intellect, 190

Geometrical order as a diminution or lower complication of the vital,
223, 225, 236, 330.
_See_ Genera, Relation of, to laws
mutual contingency of, and vital order, 235
_See_ Mathematical order
space, relation of, to the spatiality of things, 203

Geometrism, the latent, of intellect, 194, 211-3

Geometry, fitness of, to matter, 10
goal of intellectual operations, 211, 213, 218
ideal limit of induction and deduction, 214-8, 361.
_See_ Space, Descending movement of existence
modern, compared with ancient, 36, 161, 333-4
natural, 194, 211-2
perception impregnated with, 205, 230
reasoning in, contrasted with reasoning concerning life, 7, 8
scientific, 161, 211

Germ, accidental predisposition of, in Neo-Darwinism, 168, 169, 170

Germ-plasm, continuity of, 27, 37, 78-83

Giard, 84

Glucose in organic function, 122, 123

Glycogen in organic function, 122-4

God, as activity, 249
of Aristotle, 196, 322, 325, 349, 353, 356-7
ascent toward, in Aristotle's philosophy, 322-3
circularity of God's thought, in Aristotle's philosophy, 324, 325
in Descartes's philosophy, 346, 347
as efficient cause in Aristotle's philosophy, 324
as hypostasis of the unity of nature, 196, 322, 357
in Leibniz's philosophy, 352, 353, 356-7
as eternal matter, 196-7
as pure form, 196-7, 322
in Spinoza's philosophy, 351, 357

Greek philosophy. _See_ Ancient philosophy

Green parts of plants, 107-9, 114, 117, 246, 247, 254

Growing old, 15

Growth, creation is, 240-1, 275
and novelty, 231
of the powers of life, 132, 134-5
reality is, 237
of the universe, 343, 345

Guérin, P., 59 _note_

Guinea-pig, in illustration of hereditary transmission, 80, 81

Habit and consciousness annulled, 143
form of knowledge a habit or bent of attention, 148
and heredity, 78, 93, 169, 170, 173.
_See_ Acquired characters, inheritance of
instinct as an intelligent, 173-4
and invention in animals, 264
and invention in man, 265
tendency of freedom to self-negation in, 127-8

Harmony between instinct and life, and between intelligence and the
inert, 187, 194-5, 198
of the organic world is complementarity due to a common original
impulse 50, 51, 103, 116, 118
pre-established, 205, 206
in radical finalism, 127-8.
_See_ Discord

Hartog, 60 _note_

Hatchets, ancient flint, and human intellect, 137

Heliocentric radius-vector in Kepler's laws, 333-4

Hereditary transmission, 76-83, 87, 168-9, 170, 173, 225-6, 230
domestication of animals and, 80-1
habit and, 79, 83, 169, 170, 173

Hesitation or choice, consciousness as, 143, 144

Heteroblastia and identical structures on divergent lines of evolution, 75

Heymons, 72 _note_

History as creative evolution, 6, 15, 21, 26, 29, 36, 37, 65-6, 103-4,
105, 163, 264, 269
of philosophy, 238

Hive as an organism, 166

_Homo faber_, designation of human species, 139

Homogeneity of space, 156, 212
the sphere of intellect, 163
of time in Galileo, 332

Horse-fly illustrating the object of instinct, 146

Houssay, 109 _note_

Human and animal attention, 184
and animal brain, 184, 263-5
and animal consciousness, 139-43, 180, 183, 184, 187, 188, 191,
212, 263-8
and animal instruments of action, 139-43, 150
and animal intelligence, 138, 187, 188, 191, 192, 212
and animal invention, relation of, to habit, 264, 265
intellect and language, 157-8
intellect and manufacture, 137, 138

Humanity in evolution, 134, 137-9, 142, 147, 158, 181, 184, 185, 264-71.
_See_ Culminating points, etc.
goal of evolution, 266, 267

Huxley, 38

Hydra and individuality, 13

[Greek: Hylê] of Aristotle, 353

Hymenoptera, the culmination of arthropod and instinctive evolution,
134, 173-4
as entomologists, 146, 172-3
organization and instinct in, 140
paralyzing instinct of, 146, 172, 173-4
social instincts of, 101, 171

Hypostasis of the unity of nature, God as, 196-7, 322, 356

Hypothetical propositions characteristic of intellectual knowledge, 149-50

Idea or form in ancient philosophy, 49, 314, 316-7, 318, 329-30
in ancient philosophy, [Greek: eidos], 314-5
in ancient philosophy, Platonic, 48
and image in Descartes, 280

Idealism, 232

Idealists and realists alike assume the possibility of an absence of
order, 220, 232

Identical structures in divergent lines of evolution, 55, 60-1, 62, 69,
74-7, 86, 119

Illumination of action the function of perception, 5, 206, 307

Image and idea in Descartes, 280
distinguished from concept, 160-1, 280

Imitation of being in Greek philosophy, 324, 327
of instinct by science, 168-9, 173-4
of life in intellectual representation, 4, 33, 88-9, 101, 176, 208,
209, 213, 226, 259, 341, 365
of life by the unorganized, 33, 35, 36
of motion by intelligence, 305, 307-8, 312, 313, 329.
_See_ Imitation of the real, etc.
of the physical order by the vital, 230
of the real by intelligence, 258, 270, 307

Immobility of extension, 155
and plants, 108-13, 118, 119, 130
of primitive and torpid animals, 130-1
relative and apparent; mobility real, 155

Impatience, duration as, 10, 339-40

Impelling cause, 73

Impetus, vital, divergence of, 26-7, 51-5, 97-105, 110, 118-9, 126-7,
131, 134-6, 257, 258, 266, 270
vital, limitedness of, 126, 141, 148-9, 254
vital, loaded with matter, 239
vital, as necessity for creation, 252, 261
vital, transmission of, through organisms, 25, 27, 79, 85, 87, 88,
230, 231, 250, 251
vital, _See_ Impulse of life

Implement, the animal, is natural: the human, artificial, 139-43
artificial, 137-40, 150-1
constructing, function of intelligence, 159, 182-3
life known to intelligence only as, 162
matter known to intelligence only as, 161, 198
natural, 141, 145, 150
organized, 141, 145, 150
unorganized, 137-9, 141, 150-1

Implicit knowledge, 148

Impotence of intellect and perception to grasp life, 176-8

Imprisonment of consciousness, 180-3, 264-6

Impulse of life, divergence of, 26, 27, 51-5, 97-105, 110, 118-9,
126-7, 131, 134-6, 257, 258, 266, 270
limitedness of, 126, 141, 148-9, 254
loaded with matter, 239
tendency to mobility, 131, 132
as necessity for creation, 252, 261
negates itself, 247, 248
prolonged in evolution, 246
prolonged in our will, 239
transmitted through generations of organisms, 25, 26, 79, 85, 87,
230, 231
unity of, 202, 250, 270

Impulsion and attraction in Greek philosophy, 323-4
release and unwinding, the three kinds of cause, 73
given to mind by matter, 202

Inadequacy of act to representation, consciousness as, 143

Inadequate and adequate in Spinoza, 353

Inanition, illustrating primacy of nervous system, 124 _note_

Incoherence, 236.
_See_ Absence of order, Chance, Chaos
in nature, 104

Incommensurability of free act with conceptual idea, 47, 201
of instinct and intelligence, 167-8, 175

Incompatibility of developed tendencies, 104, 168

Independent variable, time as, 20, 335-6

Indetermination, 86, 114, 126, 252, 253, 326.
_See_ Accident in evolution

Indeterminism in Descartes, 345

Individual, viewed by intelligence as aggregate of molecules and of
facts, 250-1
and division of labor, 140
in evolutionist biology, 169, 171, 246 _note_
and genus, 226-9
mind in philosophy, 191
aesthetic intuition only attains the, 177
and society, 260, 265
transmits the vital impetus, 250, 259, 270

Individuality never absolute, x, 12, 13, 16, 19, 42, 260
and age, 15-23, 27, 43
corporeal, physics tends to deny, 188, 189, 208.
_See_ Interpenetration, Obliteration of outlines, Solidarity
of the parts of matter
and generality, 226-8
the many and the one in the idea of, x, 258
as plan of possible influence, 11

Individuation never absolute, x, 12-16, 43, 260
as a cosmic principle in contrast with association, 259-60
property of life, 12-5
partly the work of matter, 257-8, 259, 270

Indivisibility of action, 94, 95
of duration, 6, 308
of invention, 164
of life, 225, 270-1.
_See_ Unity
of life of motion, 307-11

Induction in animals, 214
certainty of, approached as factors approach pure magnitudes, 222, 223
and duration, 216
and expectation, 214-6
geometry the ideal limit of, 214-8, 361.
_See_ Space, Geometry, Reasoning, "Descending" movement of matter, etc.
and magnitude, 215, 216
repetition the characteristic function of intellect, 164, 199, 205-16
and space, 216.
_See_ Space as the ideal limit, Systems, etc.

Industry, ix, 161, 162, 164

Inert matter and action, 96, 136, 141, 155, 187, 198, 225, 367
in Aristotle, 316, 327, 353
bodies, 7, 8, 12, 14, 20, 21, 156, 159, 174, 186, 188, 189, 204, 213,
215, 228, 240, 241, 298, 300, 341, 342, 346-8, 360
Creation of. _See_ Inert matter the inversion of life
flux of, 186, 265, 273, 369
and form, 148, 149, 157, 239, 250
genesis of, 188
homogeneity of, 156
imitation of living matter by, 33, 35, 36
imitation of physical order by vital, 230
instantaneity of, 10, 201
and intellect, ix, 31, 141, 159-62, 164, 165, 167-8, 175, 179, 181, 186,
187, 195, 196, 197, 198, 205-12, 216-9, 224, 264, 270, 319, 369
the inversion or interruption of life, 93, 94, 98, 99, 128-9, 153, 177,
186, 189, 190, 196, 197, 201, 203, 208, 216-9, 231, 235, 236, 239, 240,
245-50, 252, 254, 256, 258, 259, 261, 264, 267, 272, 276, 319,
339-40, 343.
_See_ Inert matter, order inherent in
knowledge of, approximate but not relative, 206
the metaphysics and the physics of, 195-6
as necessity, 252, 264
the order inherent in, 40, 103, 153, 201, 207-12, 216, 226-7, 230-6,
245, 251, 263, 274, 319-20.
_See_ Inert matter, inversion of life
penetration of, by life, 25, 26, 51, 179, 181, 237, 239, 266, 270, 271
and perception, 12, 206, 226
and the psychical, 201, 202, 205, 269, 270, 350, 367
solidarity of the parts of, 188, 202, 207, 241, 257-9, 270, 271, 352
and space, 10, 153, 189, 204-11, 214, 244, 250, 251, 257
in Spencer's philosophy, 365

Inertia, 176, 224

Infant, intelligence in, 147, 148

Inference a beginning of invention, 138

Inferiority in evolutionary rank, 174-5

Influence, possible, 11, 189

Infusoria, conjugation of, 15
development of the eye from its stage in, 60-1, 72, 78, 84
and individuation, 260
and mechanical explanations, 34, 35
vegetable function in, 116

Inheritance of acquired characters. _See_ Hereditary transmission

Innate knowledge, 146-7, 150-1

Innateness of the categories, 148, 149-50

Inorganic matter. _See_ Inert matter

Insectivorous plants, 107-9

Insects, 19, 101, 107, 126, 131, 134, 135, 140-1, 146, 147, 157, 166,
169, 171-5, 188
apogee of instinct in hymenoptera, 134, 173-4
consciousness and instinct, 145, 167, 173
continuity of instinct with organization, 139, 145
fallibility of instinct in, 172-3
instinct in general in, 169, 173-4
language of ants, 157-8
object of instinct in, 146
paralyzing instinct in, 146, 171, 172-3
social instinct in, 101, 157-8, 171
special instincts as variations on a theme, 167.
_See_ Arthropods in evolution

Insensible variation, 63, 66

Inspiration of a poem an undivided intuitive act, contrasted with its
intellectual imitation in words, 209, 210, 258.
_See_ Sympathy

Instantaneity of the intellectual view, 31, 70, 84, 89, 199, 201-2, 207,
226, 249, 258, 273, 300-6, 311, 314, 331-3, 342, 351, 352

Instinct and action on inert matter, 136, 141
in animals as distinguished from plants, 170
in cells, 166
and consciousness, 143-5, 166, 167, 173, 174, 175, 186
culmination of, in evolution, 133, 174-5.
_See_ Arthropods in evolution, Evolutionary superiority
fallibility of, 173-4
in insects in general, 169, 173-4
and intelligence, xii, 51, 100, 103, 113, 116-8, 132-7, 141-3, 145, 150,
152, 159, 168-70, 173-9, 184-5, 186, 197-8, 238, 246, 254, 255, 259,
267, 268, 343, 345, 366
and intuition, 177, 178-9, 181
object of, 146-52, 165, 168, 172-9, 186, 189, 195, 234, 254
and organization, 23-4, 138-40, 145, 166-8, 171-2, 173, 176, 193,
194, 264
paralyzing, in certain hymenoptera, 146, 171, 172-3
in plants, 170, 171
social, of insects, 101, 157-8, 171

Instinctive knowledge, 148, 167, 168, 173-4
learning, 193
metaphysics, 192, 269, 270, 277

Instrument, action as, of consciousness, 180
animal, is natural; human artificial, 139-43
automatic activity as instrument of voluntary, 252
consciousness as, of action, 180
intelligence: the function of intelligence is to construct
instruments, 159, 192-3
intelligence transforms life into an, 162
intelligence transforms matter into an, 161, 198
intelligence: the instruments of intelligence are artificial, ix, 137-9,
140-1, 150-1
natural or organized instruments of instinct, 140-1, 145, 150

Intellect and action, ix, 11, 29, 44-8, 93, 136, 142, 152-7, 162, 179,
186, 187, 192, 195, 197-8, 219, 220, 226-9, 251, 270, 273, 297-9, 301,
302, 306, 329, 346-7
in animals, 187
Fichte's conception of the, 189, 190, 357
function of the, 5, 11, 12, 44-50, 92, 93, 126, 137-45, 149-60, 162-4,
168, 174, 176, 181, 187-99, 204-8, 214-9, 229, 233, 237, 241, 242,
246, 247, 251, 270, 290, 298, 299, 328, 336, 337, 341, 342, 347,
348, 356, 357
genesis of the, xi-xv, 49, 103, 104-5, 126-7, 152, 153, 186, 187, 189,
193, 194, 195, 198, 207, 247-9, 358, 359, 366
as inversion of intuition, 7, 8, 11, 12, 46, 49, 51, 86, 88-91, 93, 94,
103-4, 113, 116-8, 129, 132, 133, 135, 136, 139-43, 145, 157, 161,
168-80, 181, 183, 184, 185, 190-204, 207-12, 216-8, 221, 223, 225-6,
230-3, 235, 236, 238, 245-52, 254-9, 264, 267-71, 276, 277, 313, 330,
339, 342-5, 361, 369
and language, 4, 148, 158-60, 258, 265, 292, 303, 304, 312, 313, 326
and matter, ix-xv, 10, 11, 48-9, 92, 135, 136, 141, 142, 152-4, 155,
160, 161, 165, 168, 175, 179, 181, 182, 186-7, 190, 193, 194, 195,
198, 199, 201-4, 205-10, 213, 215, 218-20, 224, 225-30, 240-2, 245,
246, 248-52, 254, 256-9, 264, 270, 271, 272, 273, 275, 297-8, 306,
319, 321, 329, 340, 341-3, 347-9, 355, 358-61, 368, 369
mechanism of the, ix-xv, 4, 30, 32, 47-9, 70, 84-5, 88-9, 101, 137-8,
150-5, 156-7, 160, 161, 164, 165, 167, 168, 173, 174, 176, 177,
186, 187, 190-3, 194-218, 223-40, 244, 246-7, 249-51, 254, 255, 257,
258, 266, 270, 273, 276-7, 292, 300-21, 325, 329, 330, 332, 337, 338,
339, 341-8, 351, 358-9, 361-2, 363-4, 365, 367
object of the, ix-xv, 7, 8, 10, 17, 20, 21, 30, 31, 34, 35, 37, 46-9,
52, 71, 74, 84, 87-92, 93, 95, 102, 103, 139, 140, 149, 152-66, 168,
173, 175-9, 180, 181, 186, 190, 193-211, 213, 216-20, 223, 224, 226,
228-30, 233, 237, 238, 240, 245, 249-51, 254, 255, 257-9, 261, 264,
265, 270, 271, 273, 274, 298-314, 318-22, 326, 328, 329, 332-8, 342,
344-9, 351, 352-7, 359-61, 363, 365, 369-70
and perception, 4-5, 11, 12, 93-4, 161-2, 168, 176-7, 188, 189, 205,
207, 226-7, 228-9, 230, 238, 249-51, 273, 299-300, 301, 306, 359-60
and rhythm, 299, 300-1, 306-7, 329, 337, 346-7
and science, 8-12, 31, 92-3, 152, 153, 157-8, 159, 160-1, 162-3, 168,
173-6, 187, 193-8, 202, 204, 207-9, 214-6, 217, 225-6, 228-9, 241,
251, 270, 273, 297-8, 306, 321, 322, 329, 333-5, 345, 346-8, 354,
356, 357, 359-60, 362-3, 369-70
and space, 10-11, 154, 156-7, 160-3, 174-5, 176-7, 189, 202-4, 207-12,
215, 218, 222-3, 244, 245, 250, 251, 257-8, 361-2
and time, 4, 8-9, 17, 18, 20-2, 36, 39, 45-6, 47, 51, 163, 300, 301,
331-2, 335-7, 341
possibility of transcending the, xii, xiii, 48, 152, 177-8, 193-4,
198-200, 205-6, 207-8, 266, 360-1.
_See_ Philosophy, Intelligence

Intellectualism, hesitation of Descartes between, and intuitionism, 345

Intelligence and action, 137-41, 150, 154-5, 161, 162-3, 181, 189, 198, 306
animal, 138, 187, 188, 212
categories of, x, 48, 195-6
of the child, 147-8
and consciousness, 187
culmination of, 130, 139-40, 174-5.
_See_ Superiority
genesis of, 136, 177-8, 366
and the individual, 251
and instinct, 109, 135, 136, 141, 142, 168-70, 173-7, 179, 186, 197,
209, 238, 259, 267
in Kant's philosophy, 357-8
and laws, 229-30
limitations of, 152
and matter, 152, 159-60, 161-2, 175, 179, 181, 186, 189, 194-8, 230,
237, 250, 369, 370
mechanism of, 152, 153, 164, 165
and motion, 153, 159-60, 274, 303-7, 312, 313, 329
object of, 145-56, 161, 162, 175, 179, 250
practical nature of, ix-xv, 137-9, 141, 150-1, 247-8, 305, 306, 328-9
and reality, ix-xv, 161-2, 177, 237, 251, 258, 269, 271, 307
and science, 175, 176, 193, 194-5
and signs, 157, 158, 159, 160
and space, 205
_See_ Intellect, Understanding, Reason

Intelligent, the, contrasted with the merely intelligible, 175

Intelligible reality in ancient philosophy, 316-7
world, 160-1

Intelligibles of Plotinus, 353

Intension of knowledge, 149-50

Intensity of consciousness varies with ratio of possible to real
action, 144-5

Intention as contrasted with mechanism, 233.
_See_ Automatic order, Willed order
of life the object of instinct, 176, 233

Interaction, universal, 188-9

Interest as cause of variation, 131
in representation of "nought," 296, 297.
_See_ Affection, rôle of, etc.

Internal finality, 41

Internality of instinct, 168, 174-5, 176-7
of subject in object the condition of knowledge of reality, 307,
317, 358-9

Interpenetration, 161, 162, 174-5, 177, 184 _note_, 188, 189, 201-3,
207-8, 257, 258, 270, 319-20, 341, 352

Interruption, materiality an, of positivity, 219, 246, 247-8, 319-20.
_See_ Inverse relation, etc.

Interval of time, 8-9, 22, 23
between what is done and what might be done covered by consciousness, 179

Intuition, continuity between sensible and ultra-intellectual, 360-1
dialectic and, in philosophy, 238.
_See_ Intellect as inversion of intuition
fringe of, around the nucleus of intellect, xiii, 12, 46, 49, 193
and instinct, 176-9, 182
and intellect in theoretical knowledge, 176-9, 270-1

Intuitional cosmology as reversed psychology, 207-8
metaphysics contrasted with intellectual or systematic, 191-2,
268-70, 277-8
method of philosophy, apparent vicious circle of, 191-4, 195-8

Intuitionism in Spinoza, 347-8
and intellectualism in Descartes, 345-6

Invention, consciousness as, and freedom, 264, 270-1
creativeness of, 164, 237, 340, 341
disproportion between, and its consequences, 181, 182-3
duration as, 10-1
evolution as, 102-3, 255, 344-5
fervor of, 164
indivisibility of, 164
inference a beginning of, 138
mechanical, 142-3, 194-5
of steam engine as epoch-marking, 138-9
time as, 341
unforeseeableness of, 164
upspringing of, 164
_See_ New

Inverse relation of the physical and psychical, 126-7, 143-4, 145, 173-4,
177-8, 201, 202, 206-7, 208, 210-1, 212, 217, 218, 222, 223, 236, 240,
245, 246, 247-8, 249, 256, 257, 261, 264, 265, 270, 319-20

Irreversibility of duration. _See_ Repetition

Isolated systems of matter, 204, 213, 215, 241, 242, 341, 342, 346, 347-8.
_See_ Bodies

Janet, Paul, 60-1 _note_

Jennings, 35 _note_

Jourdain and the two kinds of order, 221

Juxtaposition, 207-8, 338, 339, 341.
Cf. Succession

Kaleidoscopic variation, 74

Kant, antinomies of, 204-5, 206
becoming in Kant's successors, 362
coincidence of matter with space in Kant's philosophy, 206, 207-8, 244
construction the method of Kant's successors, 364-5
his criticism of pure reason, 205, 287 _note_, 356-62, 364
degrees of being in Kant's successors, 362-3
duration in Kant's successors, 362-3
intelligence in Kant's philosophy, 230, 357
ontological argument in Kant's philosophy, 285
space and time in Kant's philosophy, 204-6
and Spencer, 364
_See_ Mind and matter, Sensuous manifold, Thing-in-itself

Kantianism, 358, 364

Katagenesis, 34

Kepler, 228-9, 332-5

Knowledge and action, 150, 193-4, 196, 197, 206-7, 208, 218
criticism of, 193-4
discontinuity of, 306
extension of, 149
form of, 148, 194-5, 358-362
formal, 152
genesis of, 190
innate or natural, 146-50
instinct in, 143, 144, 166-9, 173, 177, 192-3, 198, 268
intellect in, ix-xv, 48, 149, 162-4, 177, 179, 193-4, 196-9, 206-7, 208,
218, 237, 238, 251, 270, 305, 306, 312, 313, 315, 317, 325, 331-2,
342, 343, 347-8, 359-60, 361
intension of, 149-50
of reality viewed as the internality of subject in object, 307,
317, 358-9
intuition and intellect in theoretical knowledge, 174-7, 179, 238,
270, 342-4
matter of, 194-5, 357-8, 359-62
of matter, xi, 48, 206-7, 360-1
object of, ix-xv, 1, 48, 147, 148, 159-60, 163, 164, 197-9, 270,
342, 359-60
fundamental problem of, 273-5
as relative to certain requirements of the mind, 152, 190-1, 230
scientific, 193-4, 196-8, 206, 207, 218
theory of, xiii, 177, 179, 197, 204-5, 207-8, 229, 231
unconscious, 142-6, 146, 150, 165, 166
alleged unknowableness of the thing-in-itself, 205, 206

Kunstler, 260 _note_

Labbé 260 _note_

Labor, division of, 99, 110, 118, 140, 157, 166, 260

Lalande, André, 246 _note_

Lamarck, 75-6

Lamarckism, 75-6, 77, 84-87

Language, 4, 147, 157-60, 258, 265, 293, 302-3, 305, 312-4, 320

La Place, 38

Lapsed intelligence, instinct as, 169, 175

Larvae, 19, 140, 145-66, 172-3

Latent geometrism of intellect, 194, 211-2

Law of correlation, 66, 67
and genera, 226-9, 330
heliocentric radius-vector in Kepler's laws, 334
imprint of relations and laws upon consciousness in Spencer's
philosophy, 188
and intuitional philosophy, 176-7
physical, contrasted with the laws of our codes, 218-9
physical, expression of the negative movement, 218
physical, mathematical form of, 218, 219, 229-30, 241
relation as, 228, 229-30

Learning, instinctive, 192, 193

Le Dantec, 18 _note_

Leibniz, cause in, 277
dogmatism of, 356, 357
extension in, 351, 352
God in, 351, 352, 356
mechanism in, 348, 351, 355, 356
his philosophy a systematization of physics, 347
space in, 351-2
teleology in, 39, 40
time in, 352, 362

Lepidoptera, 114 _note_, 134

Le Roy, Ed., 218 _note_

Liberation of consciousness, 183-4, 265, 266

Liberty. _See_ Freedom

Life as activity, 128-9, 246
cause in the realm of, 94, 164
complementarity of the powers of, ix-xv, 25-6, 27, 51-5, 97-105, 110,
113, 116-9, 126-7, 131-6, 140-3, 176, 177, 183, 184, 246, 254-7, 266,
270, 343, 344-5
consciousness coextensive with, 186, 257, 270, 362-3
mutual contingency of the orders of life and matter, 235
continuity of, 1-11, 29, 30, 162, 163, 258
as creation, 57-8, 161-2, 223, 230, 246, 247-8, 252, 254, 255
symbolized by a curve, 31, 89, 90
embryonic, 166
and finality, 44, 89, 164, 185, 222-3
fluidity of, 153, 165, 191-2, 193
as free, 129-30
function of, 93-4, 106-10, 113, 114, 117, 120, 121, 126-7, 173-5,
246, 254-6
harmony of the realm of, 50, 51, 103, 116, 117-8, 127
imitation of the inert by, 230
imitation of, by the inert, 33-6
impulse of, prolonged in our will, 239
and individuation, 12-4, 26, 27, 79-80, 85, 87, 88, 127-8, 149, 195-6,
230, 231, 250, 259, 261, 269, 300-1, 302-3.
_See_ Individuality
indivisibility of, 225-6, 270
and instinct. 136-40, 145, 165-8, 170, 172, 173, 175-9, 186, 192-7, 233,
264, 366
and intellect, ix-xv, 13, 32-5, 44-9, 89, 101, 102-3, 104-5, 127, 136,
152, 160-5, 168, 173-4, 176-9, 181, 191-201, 206, 207, 213, 220,
222-3, 224, 225-6, 257-61, 266, 270, 300-1, 342, 355, 359-61, 365, 366
and interpenetration, 271
as inversion of the inert, 6-7, 8, 176, 177, 186, 190, 191, 196,
197, 201, 202, 207, 208-9, 210-1, 212, 216, 217, 218, 222-3, 225-6,
232, 235, 236, 238, 239, 245-50, 264, 329-31
a limited force, 126, 127, 141, 148, 149, 254
and memory, 167
penetrating matter, 26, 27, 52, 179, 181, 182, 237, 239, 266, 269-70
as tendency to mobility, 128, 131, 132
and physics and chemistry, 31, 33, 35, 36, 225-6
in other planets, 256
as potentiality, 258
repetition in, and in the inert, 224, 225, 230, 231
sinuousness of, 71, 98, 99, 102, 112, 113, 116, 129-30, 212
social, 138, 140, 157-8, 265
in other solar systems, 256
and evolution of species, 247-8, 254, 269
theory of, and theory of knowledge, xii, 177, 179, 197
unforeseeableness of, 6, 8-9, 20, 26-7, 28, 29, 37, 45-6, 47, 48, 52,
86, 96, 163, 164, 184, 223-4, 249, 339, 341
unity of, 250, 268, 270
as a wave flowing over matter, 251, 266
_See_ Impulse of, Organic substance, Organism, Organization,
Vital impetus, Vital order, Vital principle, Vitalism, Willed order

Limitations of instinct and of intelligence, 152

Limitedness of the scope of Galileo's physics, 357, 370
of the vital impetus, 126, 127, 141, 148, 149, 255

Linden, Maria von, 114 _note_

Lingulae illustrating failure to evolve, 102

Lizards, color variation in, 72, 74

Locomotion and consciousness, 108, 111, 115, 261.
_See_ Mobility, Movement

Logic and action, ix, 44, 46, 162, 179
formal, 292
genesis of, x-xi, xiii-xiv, 49, 103, 104-5, 136, 191-2, 193, 301,
359, 366
and geometry, ix, 161, 176, 212
impotent to grasp life, x, 13, 32, 35, 36, 46-9, 89, 101, 152, 162-5,
194-201, 205, 206, 213, 219, 220, 222, 223, 225-6, 256-61, 266, 270,
313, 355, 360-1, 365
natural, 161, 194-5
of number, 208
and physics, 319-20, 321
and time, 4, 277
_See_ Intellect, Intelligence, Understanding, Order, mathematical

Logical existence contrasted with psychical and physical, 277, 298,
328, 361-2
categories, x, 48, 195, 196
and physical contrasted, 276-7

_Logik_, by Sigwart, 287 _note_

[Greek: logos], in Plotinus, 210 _note_

Looking backward, the attitude of intellect, 46, 237

Lumbriculus, 13

Machinery and intelligence, 141

Machines, natural and artificial, 139.
_See_ Implement, Instrument
organisms, for action, 252, 254, 300-1

Magnitude, certainty of induction approached as factors approach pure
magnitudes, 215-16
and modern science, 333, 335

Man in evolution, attention, 184
brain, 183, 184, 263-5
consciousness, 139-43, 180, 181, 183, 185, 187, 188, 191-2, 212, 262-8
goal, 134, 174-5, 185, 266, 267, 269, 270
habit and invention, 265
intelligence, 133, 137-9, 143, 146, 174, 175, 187, 188, 212, 266, 267
language, 158

Manacéine (de), 124 _note_

Manufacture, the aim of intellect, 137, 138, 145, 152-4, 159-65, 181, 191,
192, 199, 251, 298
and organization, 92, 93, 126-7, 139-43, 150
and repetition, 44, 45, 155-8
_See_ Construction, Solid, Utility

Many and one, categories inapplicable to life, x, 162-3, 177-8, 257,
261, 268
in the idea of individuality, 258
_See_ Multiplicity

Martin, J., 102 _note_

Marion, 107 _note_

Material knowledge, 152

Materialists, 240

Materiality the inversion of spirituality, 212

Mathematical order. _See_ Inert matter, Order

Matter. _See_ Inert matter

Maturation as creative evolution, 47-8, 230

Maupas, 35 _note_

Measurement a human convention, 218, 242
of real time an illusion, 336-40

Mechanical account of action after the fact, 47
cause, x, 34, 35, 40, 44, 177, 234, 235
procedure of intellect, 165
invention, 138, 140, 194-5
necessity, 47, 215, 216, 218, 236, 252, 265, 270, 327

Mechanics of transformation, 32

Mechanism, cerebral, 252, 253, 262, 263, 265, 366.
_See_ Cerebral activity and consciousness
of the eye, 88
instinct as, 176-7
of intellect. _See_ Intellect, mechanism of
and intention, 233.
_See_ Automatic order, Willed order
life more than, x, xiv _note_, 78-9

Mechanistic philosophy, xii, xiv, 17, 29, 30, 37, 74, 88-96, 101, 102,
194-5, 218, 223, 264, 345, 346, 347, 348, 351, 355, 356, 362

Medical philosophers of the eighteenth century, 356
science, 165

Medullary bulb in the development of the nervous system, 252
and consciousness, 110

Memory, 5, 17, 20, 21, 167, 168, 180, 181, 201

Menopause in illustration of crisis of evolution, 19

Mental life, unity of, 268

Metamorphoses of larvae, 139-40, 146-7, 166

Metaphysics and duration, 276
and epistemology, 177, 179, 185, 197, 208-9
Galileo's influence on, 20, 238
instinctive, 191-2, 269, 270, 277-8
and intellect, 189-90
and matter, 194
natural, 21, 325
and science, 176-7, 194-5, 198, 208-9, 344, 354, 369-70
systematic, 191, 192, 194, 195-6, 238, 269, 270, 347

Metchnikoff, 18 _note_

Method of philosophy, 191-2

Microbes, illustrating divergence of tendency, 117

Microbial colonies, 259

Mind, individual, in philosophy, 191
and intellect, 48-9, 205-6
knowledge as relative to certain requirements of the mind, 152,
190-1, 230
and matter, 188-9, 201, 202, 203, 205-6, 264, 269, 270, 350, 365-9
_See_ Psychic, Psycho-physiological parallelism, Psychology and
Philosophy, [Greek: psychê]

Minot, Sedgwick, 17 _note_

Mobility, tendency toward, characterizes animals, 109, 110, 113, 129-32,
135, 180
and consciousness, 108, 111, 115-6, 261
and intellect, 154-5, 161-2, 163, 300, 326, 327, 337
of intelligent signs, 158, 159
life as tendency toward, 127-8, 131, 132
in plants, 112, 135
_See_ Motion

Möbius, 60 _note_

Model necessary to the constructive work of intellect, 164, 166-7

Modern astronomy compared with ancient science, 334, 335
geometry compared with ancient science, 31, 161, 334
idealism, 231
philosophy compared with ancient, 225-9, 231, 327-8, 344, 345,
349-51, 354, 356-7
philosophy: parallelism of body and mind in, 180, 350, 355, 356
science: cinematographical character of, 329, 330, 336, 341, 342, 346-7
science compared with ancient, 329-36, 342-5, 356-7
science, Galileo's influence on, 334, 335
science, Kepler's influence on, 334
science, magnitudes the object of, 333, 335
science, time an independent variable in, 20, 335

Molecules, 251

Molluscs, illustrating animal tendency to mobility, 129-31
perception in, 189
vision in, 60, 75, 77, 83, 86, 87

Monads of Leibniz, 351-4

Monera, 126

Monism, 355

Moral sciences, weakness of deduction in, 212

Morat, 123 _note_

Morgan, L., 79 _note_, 80

Motion, abstract, 304
articulations of, 310-1
an animal characteristic, 252
and the cinematograph, 304-5
continuity of, 310
in Descartes, 346-7
evolutionary, extensive and qualitative, 302, 303, 311, 312
in general (_i.e._ abstract), 304-5
indivisibility of, 306-7, 311, 336-7, 338
and instinct, 139-40, 331-2
and intellect, 71, 155, 156, 159-60, 273, 274, 298, 317-8, 321, 329,
331-2, 338, 344-5
organization of, 310-1
track laid by motion along its course, 308-11, 337, 338
_See_ Mobility, Movement

Motive principle of evolution: consciousness, 181-2

Motor mechanisms, cerebral, 252, 253, 263, 265

Moulin-Quignon, quarry of, 137

Moussu, 81

Movement and animal life, 108, 131, 132
ascending, 12, 101, 103, 104, 185, 208-9, 210-1, 369-70.
_See_ Vital impetus
consciousness and, 111, 118, 144-5, 207-8
descending, 11-2, 202-4, 207-10, 212, 246, 252, 256, 270, 276, 339,
361, 369-70
goal of, the object of the intellect, 155, 299-300, 302, 303
intellect unable to grasp, 313
mutual inversion of cosmic movements, 126-7, 143, 144, 173-4, 176, 177,
209-10, 212, 217, 218, 222-3, 236, 245-51, 261, 264, 265, 272, 342-3
life as, 166, 176-7
and the nervous system, 110, 132, 134, 180, 262-3
of plants, 109, 135-6
_See_ Mobility, Motion, Locomotion, Current, Tendency, Impetus,
Impulse, Impulsion

Movements, antagonistic cosmic, 128-9, 135, 181, 185, 250, 259.
_See_ Movement, Mutual inversion of cosmic

Multiplicity, abstract, 257, 259
distinct, 202, 209-10, 257. _See_ Interpenetration
does not apply to life, x, 162, 177, 257, 261, 270

Mutability, exhaustion of, of the universe, 244, 245

Mutations, sudden, 28, 62-3, 64-8
theory of, 85-6

Natural geometry, 195-6, 211-2
instrument, 141, 144-5, 150-1
or innate knowledge, 147, 150-1
logic, 161, 194-5
metaphysic, 21, 325-6
selection, 54, 56-7, 59-60, 61-5, 68, 95, 169-70

Nature, Aristotelian theory of, 135, 174
discord in, 127-8, 255, 267
facts and relations in, 368
incoherence in, 104
as inert matter, 161-2, 218, 219, 228-9, 239, 245, 264, 280-1, 303,
356, 359-60, 367
as life, 100, 138, 139-40, 141-2, 143, 144-5, 150, 154, 155-6, 227,
241, 260, 269, 270, 301-2
order of, 225-6
as ordered diversity, 231, 233
unity of, 105, 190, 191, 195, 196-9, 322, 352-7, 358

Nebula, cosmic, 249, 257

Necessity for creation, vital impetus as, 252, 261
and death of individuals, 246 _note_
and freedom, 218, 236, 270
in Greek philosophy, 326-7
in induction, 215, 216
and matter, 252, 264

Negation, 275, 285-97. _See_ Nought

Negative cause of mathematical order, 217. _See_ Inverse relation, etc.
cosmic principle, 126-7, 143, 144, 173-4, 176-7, 209, 212, 218, 223-4,
236, 245-51, 261, 264-5, 272, 243.
_See_ Inert matter, Opposition of the two ultimate cosmic movements, etc.

Neo-Darwinism, 55, 56, 85, 86, 169-70

Neo-Lamarckism, 42 _note_

Nervous system a centre of action, 109, 130-1, 132, 134-5, 180, 253, 261-3
of the plant, 114
primacy of, 120-1, 126-7, 252

Neurone and indetermination, 126

New, freedom and the, 11-2, 164, 165, 199-200, 218, 230, 239, 249,
270, 339-42

Newcomen, 184

Newton, 335

Nitrogen and the function of organisms, 108, 113-4, 117, 255

[Greek: noêseôs noêsis] of Aristotle, 356

Non-existence. _See_ Nought

Nothing. _See_ Nought

Nought, conception of the, 273-80, 281-3, 289-90, 292-8, 316-7, 327.
_See_ Negation, Pseudo-ideas, etc.

[Greek: nous poiêtikos] of Aristotle, 322

Novelty. _See_ new.

Nucleus intelligence as the luminous, enveloped by instinct, 166-7
in microbial colonies, 259
intelligence as the solid, bathed by a mist of instinct, 193, 194
of Stentor, 260

Number illustrating degrees of reality, 324-5, 327
logic of, 208

Nuptial flight, 146

Nutritive elements, fixation of, 107-9, 114, 117, 246, 247, 254

Nymph (Zool.), 139, 146

Object of this book, ix-xv
of instinct, 146-52, 163, 175-9
of intellect, 146-52, 161-5, 175, 179, 190-1, 199-200, 237, 250,
252, 270, 273, 298-304, 307-8, 311-2, 354, 359
internality of subject in, the condition of knowledge of reality,
307-8, 317-8, 359
of knowledge, 147, 148-9, 159-60
idea of, contrasted with that
of universal interaction, 11, 188-9, 207-8
of philosophy as contrasted with object of science, 195-6, 220-1, 225-6,
227, 239, 251, 270, 273, 297-9, 305-6, 347
of science, 329, 332-3, 335-6

Obliteration of outlines in the real, 11, 188, 189, 207-8

Oenothera Lamarckiana, 63, 85-6

Old, growing. _See_ Age
the, is the object of the intellect, 163, 164, 199, 270