Chapter XXIII

DRAINAGE 237-246
Underdrainage 237
Counting the cost 238
Where returns are largest 239
Material for the drains 239
The outlet 240
Locating main and branches 240
The laterals 241
Size of tile 241
Kind of tile 242
The grade 243
Establishing a grade 243
Cutting the trenches 244
Depth of trenches 245
Connections 245
Permanency desired 246

ILLUSTRATIONS

Alfalfa and Corn in Indiana _Frontispiece_

Facing Page

A Good Crop for a Poor Soil 4

Red Clover on Limed and Unlimed Land 20

Turning down Organic Matter with a Gang Plow 36

Red Clover on the Farm of P. S. Lewis & Son,
Pt. Pleasant, W. Va. 51

Alfalfa on the Ohio State University Farm 61

Curing Alfalfa at the Pennsylvania
Experiment Station 68

A Heavy Grass Sod in New York 73

Good Pasture Land in Chester County, Pa. 90

Sheep on a New York Farm 96

The Cowpea Seeded at the Last Cultivation of Corn
in the Great Kanawha Valley, W. Va. 106

Texas Calves on an Ohio Farm 121

In the Fertile Miami Valley, Ohio 126

Concrete Stable Floors 131

Corn in the Ohio Valley 140

Penn's Valley, Pennsylvania 151

In the Shenandoah Valley 155

Plat Experiments 167

In the Lebanon Valley, Pennsylvania 189

On the Productive Farm of Dr. W. I. Chamberlain
in Northwestern Ohio 210

Deep Tillage 222

Making an Earth Mulch in a New York Orchard 233

Drain Tile 239

The Lure of the Country 246

CROPS AND METHODS FOR SOIL IMPROVEMENT