Chapter I: Front Matter

CROWDS

A MOVING-PICTURE OF DEMOCRACY

BY

GERALD STANLEY LEE

_Editor of "Mount Tom"_

IN FIVE BOOKS CROWDS AND MACHINES LETTING THE CROWD BE GOOD LETTING THE CROWD BE BEAUTIFUL CROWDS AND HEROES GOOD NEWS AND HARD WORK

GARDEN CITY NEW YORK DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY

_Copyright, 1913, by_ DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY _All rights reserved, including that of translation into foreign languages, including the Scandinavian_

COPYRIGHT, 1912, BY THE RIDGWAY COMPANY COPYRIGHT, 1912, BY MITCHELL KENNERLEY COPYRIGHT, 1913, BY THE ATLANTIC MONTHLY CO. COPYRIGHT, 1913, BY THE OUTLOOK COMPANY COPYRIGHT, 1913, BY THE INDEPENDENT WEEKLY, INCORPORATED

BOOKS

By GERALD STANLEY LEE

THE LOST ART OF READING
_A Sketch of Civilization_

THE CHILD AND THE BOOK
_A Constructive Criticism of Education_

THE SHADOW CHRIST
_A Study of the Hebrew Men of Genius_

THE VOICE OF THE MACHINES
_An Introduction to the Twentieth Century_

INSPIRED MILLIONAIRES
_A Study of the Man of Genius in Business_

CROWDS
_A Moving Picture of Democracy_

_Gratefully inscribed to a little Mountain,
a great Meadow, and a Woman.
To the Mountain for the sense of time, to
the Meadow for the sense of space, and
to the Woman for the sense of everything._

TABLE OF CONTENTS

BOOK ONE

CROWDS AND MACHINES

I. WHERE ARE WE GOING? 3

II. THE CROWD SCARE 19

III. THE MACHINE SCARE 34

IV. THE STRIKE--AN INVENTION FOR MAKING CROWDS THINK 49

V. THE CROWD-MAN--AN INVENTION FOR MAKING CROWDS SEE 58

VI. THE IMAGINATION OF CROWDS 65

VII. IMAGINATION ABOUT THE UNSEEN 66

VIII. THE CROWD'S IMAGINATION ABOUT THE FUTURE 69

IX. THE CROWD'S IMAGINATION ABOUT PEOPLE 74

X. A DEMOCRATIC THEORY OF HUMAN NATURE 76

XI. DOING AS ONE WOULD WISH ONE HAD DONE IN TWENTY YEARS 80

XII. NEW KINDS AND NEW SIZES OF MEN 86

BOOK TWO

LETTING THE CROWDS BE GOOD

I. SPEAKING AS ONE OF THE CROWD 93

II. IS IT WRONG FOR GOOD PEOPLE TO BE EFFICIENT? 96

III. IS IT WRONG FOR GOOD PEOPLE TO BE INTERESTING? 103

IV. PROSPECTS OF THE LIAR 107

V. PROSPECTS OF THE BULLY 111

VI. GOODNESS AS A CROWD-PROCESS 114

VII. THOUGHTS ON BEING IMPROVED BY OTHER PEOPLE 116

VIII. MAKING GOODNESS HURRY 125

IX. TOUCHING THE IMAGINATION OF CROWDS 128

X. THE STUPENDOUS, THE UNUSUAL, THE MONOTONOUS AND THE SUCCESSFUL 142

XI. THE SUCCESSFUL 146

XII. THE NECKS OF THE WICKED 154

XIII. IS IT WRONG FOR GOOD PEOPLE TO BE SUCCESSFUL? 163

XIV. IS IT SECOND RATE FOR GOOD PEOPLE TO BE SUCCESSFUL? 167

XV. THE SUCCESSFUL TEMPERAMENT 173

XVI. THE MEN AHEAD PULL 178

XVII. THE CROWDS PUSH 184

XVIII. THE MAN WHO SAYS HOW, SAYS HOW 186

XIX. AND THE MACHINE STARTS! 194

BOOK THREE

LETTING THE CROWD BE BEAUTIFUL

PART I. WISTFUL MILLIONAIRES

I. MR. CARNEGIE SPEAKS UP 205

II. MR. CARNEGIE TRIES TO MAKE PEOPLE READ 208

III. MR. NOBEL TRIES TO MAKE PEOPLE WRITE 211

IV. PAPER BOOKS, MARBLE PILLARS, AND WOODEN BOYS 221

V. THE HUMDRUM FACTORY AND THE TUMPTY-TUM THEATRE 227

PART II. IRON MACHINES

I. STEEPLES AND CHIMNEYS 236

II. BELLS AND WHEELS 240

III. DEW AND ENGINES 243

IV. DEAD AS A DOOR NAIL! 245

V. AN OXFORD MAN AND AN INCH OF IRON 248

VI. THE MACHINES' MACHINES 250

VII. THE MEN'S MACHINES 252

VIII. THE BASEMENT OF THE WORLD 256

IX. THE GROUND FLOOR FOLKS 262

X. THE MACHINE-TRAINERS 266

XI. MACHINES, CROWDS, AND ARTISTS 269

PART III. PEOPLE-MACHINES

I. NOW! 280

II. COMMITTEES AND COMMITTEES 288

III. THE INCONVENIENCE OF BEING HUMAN 286

IV. LETTING THE CROWD HAVE PEOPLE IN IT 290

BOOK FOUR

CROWDS AND HEROES

I. THE SOCIALIST AND THE HERO 297

II. THE CROWD AND THE HERO 301

III. THE CROWD AND THE AVERAGE PERSON 303

IV. THE CROWD AND PIERPONT MORGAN 307

V. THE CROWD AND TOM MANN 313

VI. AN OPENING FOR THE NEXT PIERPONT MORGAN 323

VII. AN OPENING FOR THE NEXT TOM MANN 327

VIII. THE MEN WHO LOOK 331

IX. WHO IS AFRAID? 337

X. RULES FOR TELLING A HERO--WHEN ONE SEES ONE 343

XI. THE TECHNIQUE OF COURAGE 346

XII. THE MEN WHO WANT THINGS 349

XIII. MEN WHO GET THINGS 356

XIV. SOURCES OF COURAGE FOR OTHERS--TOLERATION 364

XV. CONVERSION 371

XVI. EXCEPTION 380

XVII. INVENTION 383

XVIII. THE MAN WHO PULLS THE WORLD TOGETHER 397

XIX. THE MAN WHO STANDS BY 400

XX. THE STRIKE OF THE SAVIOURS 402

XXI. THE LEAGUE OF THE MEN WHO ARE NOT AFRAID 404

BOOK FIVE

GOOD NEWS AND HARD WORK