Chapter IX: Preface (9)

In a sawmill in Canada, while the head sawyer was eating his
dinner, a big bear came and sat on the log ready for sawing, and
began to eat the sawyer’s dinner. As the log moved up the saw
gave him a slight rub; he growled and went on eating. Presently
the saw gave him another dig and he turned round and hugged it,
and there was a bear sawed in two.

This reminds us of the enemies of Christ trying to stop the work He came to do. He uttered truths which cut them, but they continued in their opposition. They have gone to their own place, but the gracious work of Christ continues. (Text.)

(422)

=Christianity, Moral=--See MORAL SATISFACTION.

CHRISTIANITY, PRACTICAL PROOF OF

An unbeliever confronted a converted Fiji cannibal chief,
saying, “You are a great chief, and it is really a pity that you
have been so foolish as to listen to the missionaries. Nobody
believes any longer in that old book called the Bible, or in
that story of Jesus Christ. They have all learned better, and I
am sorry for you that you have been So foolish as to take it in.”

The chief’s eyes flashed as he said: “Do you see that great
stone over there? On that stone we smashed the heads of our
victims to death. Do you see that native oven yonder? In that
oven we roasted the human bodies for our great feasts. Now, if
it hadn’t been for the good missionaries, and that old book and
the love of Jesus Christ, which has changed us from savages into
God’s children, you would never leave this spot. You have to
thank God for the gospel, for without it we should have killed
you, and roasted you in yonder oven, and have feasted upon you
in no time.”

(423)

=Christianity, Reasonable=--See REASONABLE RELIGION.

CHRISTIANITY SHAMED

Vessels from Christian lands that touched at the Hawaiian group
first introduced there the damnable liquid fires of alcohol,
and their licentious crews first made the harbors of Hawaii
the hells of the most abandoned and shameless vice. Sin was
literally bringing forth death.--PIERSON, “The Miracles
of Missions.”

(424)

CHRISTIANITY, SOCIAL

Civilized man must often go a great distance for many of the
things he needs. His wants are too diversified to be met within
the small radius of his immediate dwelling-place. As heat and
sunshine are unequally distributed over the earth, they produce
differences of climate and consequently many varieties of
vegetation. There is wheat in the temperate zones, cotton and
rubber-plants of warmer regions. Some sections are also far
poorer in useful rocks and minerals than others. Thus Holland
has no building stone. Switzerland no coal and the United
States much less sulfur than it needs. There must be a constant
interchange of productions that each nation have its needs
supplied.

Paul tells us that each man is the recipient of spiritual gifts
differing in kind and degree from that of another. But it is
all of the same spirit and all are members of one body. The
Christianity of the future will be a brotherhood; it will be
social. (Text.)

(425)

CHRISTIANITY SUCCEEDING BARBARISM

Geologists say that the Bay of Naples is in reality the crater
of an extinct volcano. In the cycles of ages past it was a
great, deep, roaring pit of fire and burning lava. The fires
subsided and the lava ceased to flow. The great sea overflowed
it and now the calm waters smile back in sunshine by day and in
starlight at evening. Christianity is a great calm sea that is
gradually quenching and covering the old volcanoes and roaring
pits of barbarism. (Text.)

(426)

CHRISTIANITY, SUCCESS OF

Admiral Prevost gives this picture of the change wrought in the British Columbia tribes by the Metlakahtla Mission:

Peter Simpson had been chief of a cannibal tribe. Canoes
were all drawn up on the beach on the Lord’s day, and not a
sound was heard, save the hurrying of the whole population
to the house of prayer. The admiral watched the incoming of
throngs--here a notorious gambler, there a reclaimed drunkard,
a lecherous leper, a defiant thief, a widow snatched from
the jaws of infamy, a murderer who had first slain and then
burned his own wife--all converts to Christ and children of
God.--PIERSON, “The Miracles of Missions.”

(427)

=Christianity, Successful=--See CHURCH, SUCCESS OF.

CHRISTIANITY SUPERIOR

Every strong man wants to know what his opponent can say. He
covets criticism, asks for investigation, welcomes analysis and
contrast. Christianity has won its greatest victory through
comparative religion. If you can only get the man with an
ox-cart to put his vehicle beside the new locomotive; if you can
only get the tallow candle and the gas flame into contrast with
the electric light; if you can only get Buddha and Confucius
side by side with Jesus--that is all that can be asked. The
stickler for a little fire and a tallow candle will have
nothing to say after you open the curtain and let the sunshine
in.--N. D. HILLIS.

(428)

=Christianity Traversing Heathenism=--See OPPORTUNITY IN THE ORIENT.

=Christianity Vindicated=--See TRIUMPH OF CHRISTIANITY.

=Christians, Dyspeptic=--See FOOD AND EXERCISE.

CHRISTMAS

What angels sang on that first Christmas morn,
“Good will to men,” “The Prince of Peace is born,”
Breaks once again in benediction clear,
Sure song of God, the climax of the year.

Round, round the earth the blessed measures run,
Strife sheathes the sword, a thousand think as one,
Babes leap for joy, December hearts aglow
Burn with the hopes they burned with long ago.

Strain urges strain, benevolence is sped,
Dives relents and Lazarus is fed.
Mirth makes a laugh where sorrow made a sigh,
Heart wakes to heart--the Seraphim are nigh.

“Good will and peace,” the song is on the air,
“Good will and peace,” I hear it everywhere--
“Peace on the earth,” in purposes divine,
“Good will to men”--and a good will to mine.

Oh, friend unseen, no gift is in my power;
Gold would be dross in this triumphant hour.
Take, then, the strain the angels sing to me,
“Good will and peace,” I send it all to thee.

--L. O. WILLIAMS.

(429)

* * * * *

Scattered snow along the hillside, white as springtime fleeces are,
With the whiter wings above them and the glory-streaming star--
Guiding-star across the housetops; never fear the shepherd’s felt
Till they found the Babe in manger, where the kindly cattle knelt.

Oh, the shepherds in Judea!--
Do you think the shepherds know
How the whole round earth is brightened
In the ruddy Christmas glow?

How the sighs are lost in laughter, and the laughter brings the tears,
As the thoughts of men go seeking back across the darkling years,
Till they find the wayside stable that the star-led wise men found,
With the shepherds, mute, adoring, and the glory shining round!

--MARY AUSTIN.

(430)

CHRISTMAS ABSURDLY OBSERVED

There is danger, unless a discriminating intelligence preside, of carrying otherwise proper observances to absurd lengths as shown in a recent occurrence in Rochester:

A unique Christmas party was given Christmas eve by Mrs. Louis
E. Fuller, organist at Brick Church, at her home, No. 105 South
Fitzhugh Street. The novel part of the affair was that it was
given for Mrs. Fuller’s two pet cats, Limit and Sir Gobelin,
and the five dinner guests were all cat-lovers, and each guest
who came brought a gift for the two cats of their hostess. The
presents were adapted to the amusement and decorative side
of the cats’ lives. There were dainty ribbon collars with
great satin bows, cunning little packages of catnip wrapt in
tissue-paper and tied with ribbon, balls galore, tiny mechanical
mice and teddy bears. The invitations were sent out in the name
of the cats, and the place-cards were tiny cats, which served as
souvenirs, being made of phosphorus and suitable for scratching
matches. There was a Christmas tree, on which the gifts were
hung.

(431)

CHRISTMAS STAR, THE

There once lived a family in the South whose rigid rule sent the
children to bed at sundown and made them rise after daylight.
One of the boys grew to the age of seven years before he ever
saw the stars, and when he was carried out one dark night and
caught his first glimpse of the glorious constellations, he
exclaimed rapturously to his mother: “Look! Look! Did you ever
see anything so beautiful?”

The return of Christmas brings into view the Star of Bethlehem. How many human eyes have never yet seen this Star!

(432)

=Church and Business Men=--See BUSINESS MEN IN CHURCH.

=Church and Working Men=--See CHRIST APPROVED.

=Church Cheer=--See SUNSHINE IN THE CHURCH.

CHURCH, DEADNESS OF THE

Perhaps nothing is more common than a profession of spiritual life with very feeble evidence of its existence.

A preacher visiting an infirmary, guided through the institution
by a member of the medical staff, described various cases as
the two passed along: “Anemic condition,” “creeping paralysis,”
“nervous dyspepsia,” “locomotor ataxia,” etc. Having passed
through all the wards, the minister said, “I have known a church
with just such people in it. It took six hundred members a whole
year to bring eleven souls to confess Christ. The prayer-meeting
was affected by creeping paralysis and four-fifths of the men
seemed to be suffering from locomotor ataxia of the soul.” The
doctor replied, “And I one day remember seeing a very beautiful
engine at an exhibition, but it was on a table, not on rails.
It was only four feet long and about two feet high, and when I
asked the man in charge what it was for he said it was not for
use in any way, but was simply on exhibition. And,” added the
doctor, “I have seen ministers and churches just like that.”
(Text.)

(433)

=Church-going Enforced=--See WORSHIP, ENFORCED.

CHURCH, GUIDANCE FOR THE

There are no wrecks among the golden ships of the heavens, for a
master hand keeps the movements of the fixt spheres in unison.
An effort is being made to have unison among the movements of
all ships at sea. The proposal is that the Eiffel tower be
equipped with a wireless apparatus, powerful enough to send
Hertzian waves completely round the world, that ships may not
be wrecked by being confused as to the longitude. It is said
that all ships in communication with Eiffel tower will harmonize
in their movements. Noon and midnight will be indicated by a
prearranged signal.

The Church is a ship of state with its members as the crew.
Each church is commanded to keep in constant and direct
communication with the great Head of the Church, the high tower
of righteousness. (Text.)

(434)

=Church Hospitality=--See HOSPITALITY IN CHURCH.

CHURCH INDISPENSABLE

A man in his Gethsemane utters words that burn themselves into
your memory in letters of fire. The personal experiences of
one’s friends are sacred; sacred forever the events of the
household, when grief and repentance lay healing hands like
angels upon a broken life. But recently I saw with mine own
eyes, and heard with mine own ears, and received a charge. The
house was a mansion on an avenue, and the man was approaching
threescore years and ten. Beside us was the coffin of his dead
daughter. On the other side sat his chum, his closest friend.
Suddenly the sorrowing man broke into speech, and this was the
substance of his soliloquy: “There is nothing in these things.
You and I have been living for a good time and success. We have
gotten everything we could during the week. We have been good
poker-players on Saturday night, we have spent our Sundays in
the automobile and driving, and in social pleasures. We have
put the club and the bank first, and my son has disgraced me
with his shameless marriage, and my daughter is dead. I tell
you,” he said, using his friend’s name, “there is only one
place in which to bring up a family, and that is the Christian
Church. There is only one way to use Sunday for children, and
that is to take them to church. What with money, and wine, and
poker, and pleasure, all day Sunday, and parties all Sunday
night, my family has been ruined. People don’t know what the
result of this kind of living will be until the end comes, but I
know.”--N. D. HILLIS.

(435)

CHURCH, JOINING THE

A physician meeting an evangelist said to him:

“I believe in religion as much as you do, and I accept Christ as
my Savior, but I will never join any church.”

“Doctor, you are pension examiner.” “Yes.” “How many applicants
for pensions have you examined?” “I do not know, but hundreds.”
“Doctor, how many of these received a pension who had never
joined the army?” “Not one, not one. My wife and I will unite
with the Presbyterian Church.”

They did. This man, seventy odd years old, who had never been at
church once, became a devout Christian and died in the faith.
(Text.)

(436)

CHURCH, LIGHT AND STRENGTH

Persia has well been called the land of “the Lion and the
Sun.” The symbol of “the Lion and the Sun” originated in the
days when the Zoroastrians were the inhabitants of the land.
The sun, being the emblem of the fire-worshipers, was taken as
their national badge. The lion was added later because Ali, the
grandson of Mohammed, was called the “Lion of God.” The woman’s
face in the sun was inserted some years later by one of the
Persian kings as a tribute to his favorite wife.

What is the Church but the land of the Lion and the Sun, the Lion of Judah; the Sun of righteousness? What is its content but the bride of Christ?

(437)

=Church, Loyalty to=--See LOYALTY TO THE CHURCH.

CHURCH-MEMBERS, WORKING

Henry Ward Beecher was once about to take a ride behind a horse
which he had hired from a livery stable. He regarded the horse
admiringly, and remarked: “That is a fine-looking animal. Is
he as good as he looks?” The owner replied: “Mr. Beecher, that
horse will work in any place you put him, and do all that
any horse can do.” The preacher eyed the horse still more
admiringly, and then remarked: “I wish to goodness he was a
member of my church!” (Text.)--LOUIS ALBERT BANKS.

(438)

CHURCH-MEMBERSHIP

It is not enough to say that you can be a Christian outside of
the Church; an occasional boy can be a scholar without going
to school; an occasional vine can grow in a lane instead of
a vineyard, and an occasional newsboy can sleep in a barrel,
and survive, instead of a home. But don’t stand outside of the
Church and then crawl out of your barrel, and later on ask
for all the privileges of the household. Some men watched the
great parade in 1865, and regretted that they had not been in
the ranks for the grand review. And if you come to the end of
your career, never having shown your colors nor had a part in
the fight, you will never cease to feel the regret that you did
not die on the battle-field, and were not carried home like the
heroes upon their shield.--N. D. HILLIS.

(439)

CHURCH, MISSION OF

In a sermon by Dr. James I. Vance in _The Christian Observer_, on “The Harbor-light on the Church Spire,” he points out the mission of the Church. He gives this as an illustration:

Recently, while on a visit to the old historic, picturesque city
of Charleston, on a Saturday afternoon, I was taken for a sail
around the harbor and a short distance out to sea. A friend took
me to the forward deck and pointing to a light that glowed above
the city in the distance, said: “That light is in the spire of
St. Philip’s church. It is the harbor-light of Charleston. The
channel here is an eddy channel, deep but narrow, and every
vessel that enters this harbor must steer by the light in St.
Philip’s spire.”

As I stood there in the deepening shadows, I began to think of
the many vessels, great and small, which through the long years,
had entered the port. Merchantmen and men-of-war, freighters and
pleasure-boats, yachts and schooners and excursion steamers,
ships of adventure and of exploration, rakish blockaders, boats
stript to their decks, grim and threatening, with all the
paraphernalia and munitions of war; and ships gay, with bunting
flying, with music and laughter resounding, and with decks
crowded with merry throngs of pleasure-seekers. For all, the
light in the church spire shone to show them a safe port and to
guide the ship to its desired haven.

It seemed to me to tell the story of what the Church is for,
to answer, in part at least, the question why Christ wanted
a church. The light shining over Charleston harbor from St
Philip’s spire, and far out to sea, is a picture of the mission
of every church in the world.

The mission of the Church is to shine the harbor-light. It is
to illuminate the darkness and, through the gathering gloom, to
point the true way. It is to show voyagers on the sea of life
how to reach the true haven. It is to tell wanderers how to find
their Father’s house. It is to guide the soul to God. It is to
shine out the harbor-light, so that souls in the offing may
reach, in safety, life’s true destination. (Text.)

(440)

CHURCH, NEED OF THE

A message in the form of a letter from Monsignor Bonomelli was read to the delegates attending the World Missionary Conference, held in Edinburgh, June, 1910, part of which reads:

All of you feel the need of a church, which may be the outward
manifestation of your faith and religious feeling, the vigilant
custodian now and here of Christian doctrine and tradition. It
sustains and keeps alive religion and individual activity, in
virtue of that strong power of suggestion, which collectively
always exercises on the individual.

“Sir,” exclaims Johnson, “it is a very dangerous thing for a man
not to belong to any church!”

And this is true. How many of us would fall a thousand times
were it not for this support!

From the various churches and religious denominations,
into which you Christians are divided, there arises a new
unifying element, a noble aspiration, restraining too great
impulsiveness, leveling dividing barriers, and working for the
realization of the one holy church through all the children of
redemption.

(441)

=Church, Obligations to the=--See OBLIGATIONS TO THE CHURCH.

CHURCH ONLY A MEANS

A church is like the steps leading in to a beautiful mansion,
but you do not sit down on the steps, you do not set up a
tent on the steps, you do not live on the steps--the steps
lift you to the level of the warm room, the blazing winter’s
fire, the bower of home that receives you out of the driving
rain or pelting snow. All the ordinances of the Church are
steps that lead to the house of character, adorned with all
those rich treasures, named truth, gentleness, meekness and
justice and sympathy. The Church is a hostelry in which man
stops for a night on his journey home. The end of the Church is
character.--N. D. HILLIS.

(442)

CHURCH SERVICES

Dr. Donald Sage Mackay remarks on the effects on communities of neglect of church attendance:

One of the papers in New York has been making a personal
examination into the political morals of a certain New England
State. It has been alleged that politically that State is
rotten, that its voters are regularly bought and sold at every
election. A detailed description of each of the most corrupt
towns in that State was given, and this was the appalling fact
brought out: The worst towns (some of them with a few hundred
inhabitants), where bribery was most persistent, where illegal
liquor-selling was most rampant, where immorality was most
flagrant, were those towns in which there was no resident
minister and where no Christian service was regularly held. For
instance, in one town known as “darkest Exeter,” there were
twenty years ago six churches; four of them are in ruins to-day,
two are occasionally used, but there is no resident minister.
The result is “darkest Exeter”--a New England farming town, once
peopled by the sturdy sons of the Pilgrim, heir to all the noble
qualities of a sturdy race.--“The Religion of the Threshold.”

(443)

CHURCH STATISTICS

The statistics and charts belonging with this illustration are
taken from Bulletin 103 of the United States “Bureau of the
Census” “representing conditions as near as may be, at the close
of the year 1906.”

The general order or rank of the principal religious bodies in
1906 with respect to organization is presented in Table No. 1.
(See page 104.)

The distribution of religious organizations by principal
families and separate denominations in 1906, in comparison with
similar figures for 1890, is given in Table No. 2. (See page
105.)

The seating capacity of the churches is given in Tables No. 3
and No. 4. (See page 106.

The value of church property, with gains by decades is shown in
Tables No. 5 and No. 6. (See pages 107–108.)

The charts here shown exhibit at a glance (1) the comparative
strength of denominations or families for 1890 and 1906 and (2)
the relative size of the church and the unchurched population.

[Note.--The designation “not church-members” in diagram 2, p.
104, represents the difference between the number reported as
communicants or members and the total population; it embraces,
therefore, children too young to become church-members, as
well as that portion of the population which is eligible to
church-membership, altho not affiliated with any religious
denomination.]

Of the total estimated population of continental United States
in 1906, 39.1 per cent., or not quite two-fifths, were reported
as church-members. The corresponding percentage for 1890 was
32.7, or somewhat less than one-third, showing that the church
has gained faster than the population 6.4 per cent.

(444)

CHURCH, SUCCESS OF THE

Mr. Beecher arose in his pulpit Sunday after Sunday for forty
years with the invariable fortune of looking at a crowded
congregation, tho the most eloquent political orator in the
country can not draw the same people to hear him five times in
succession. A country town of 3,000 people will support from
five to ten churches when it will hardly pay the rent of an
amusement hall. For centuries, against intellectual doubt and
the weakness of the flesh, the Christian religion has more than
held its own in Europe and America, and while the theater could
attract only by a continually changing appeal to curiosity, the
church has retained its power with slight change and with only
enough flexibility to adjust its forms of government to the
character of different people.--Kansas City _Times_.

(445)

TABLE NO. 1--DENOMINATIONAL RANK. (See CHURCH STATISTICS.)

----------------------------------+---------------+---------------
| | Rank in
DENOMINATION | Number of | number of
| organizations | organizations
----------------------------------+---------------+---------------
Methodist bodies | 64,701 | 1
Baptist bodies | 54,880 | 2
Presbyterian bodies | 15,506 | 3
Lutheran bodies | 12,703 | 4
Roman Catholic Church | 12,482 | 5
Disciples or Christians | 10,942 | 6
Protestant Episcopal Church | 6,845 | 7
Congregationalists | 5,713 | 8
United Brethren bodies | 4,304 | 9
Evangelical bodies | 2,738 | 10
Reformed bodies | 2,585 | 11
Adventist bodies | 2,551 | 12
Jewish congregations | 1,769 | 13
Christians (Christian Connection) | 1,379 | 14
German Evangelical Synod of | |
North America | 1,205 | 15
Latter-day Saints | 1,184 | 16
Friends | 1,147 | 17
Dunkers or German Baptist | |
Brethren | 1,097 | 18
----------------------------------+---------------+---------------

CHURCH, THE

Harriet McEwen Kimball puts into verse a hopeful view of the triumph of the Church:

Be patient! bide His time who will not tarry;
A thousand years He measures as a day.
All human plans, since human, may mis-carry;
His, never; keep His counsel, watch and pray.
Put up thy sword, He saith;
Be faithful unto death.

Since the first saints embraced His cross, and dying
No earthly triumph saw, yet were content,
On His dear Presence, tho unseen, relying,
His holy Church has walked the way He went;
Afflicted, destitute,
And sore from head to foot.

Thou yet shalt see her, all her trials ended,
Robed as in garments woven white of flame,
When He “by thousand thousand saints attended,”
Their lifted foreheads burning with His name,
Shall come to claim the rest
Who wait His advent blest.

She will be glorious; neither spot nor wrinkle
To mar the beauty of her holiness,
And all the nations which His blood shall sprinkle
The bride and bridegroom shall alike confess;
Forever one the twain;
Forevermore their reign! (Text.)

(446)

CHURCH, THE COUNTRY

J. S. Cheavens remembers the church in the country in a poem, of which a part is here given:

In pillar’d aisles of vast cathedrals old,
Ablaze with splendor, garish gilt and gold,
Where clouds of incense ever seemed to dwell,
And rhythmic waves of music rose and fell--
I’ve heard the priest, in pomp of vain attire,
Prate ancient prayers that did no soul inspire,
Nor reach God’s ear. Religion’s whited tomb,
Appalling in its cold sepulchral gloom!

How far removed by all vain rules of art,
Yet deep enshrined within my loyal heart,
Is that plain building, simple, unadorned,
Loved by a few, altho by many scorned--
Unknown by those who seek wealth, power or place,
But very dear to those who seek His face--
The Country Church! O holy, holy ground,
For there the Lord Himself is sought and found!

(447)

TABLE NO. 2--DISTRIBUTION BY FAMILIES AND DENOMINATIONS. (See CHURCH
STATISTICS.)

--------------------+-------+----------------------------------------------
| | RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS
| +------------------+------------+--------------
|Number | | Per cent |Increase from
DENOMINATION | of | Number |distribution| 1890 to 1906
|bodies:+-------+----------+-----+------+------+-------
| 1906 | 1906 | 1890 | 1906| 1890 |Number| Per
| | | | | | | cent
--------------------+-------+-------+----------+-----+------+------+-------
All denominations | 186 |212,230|[1]165,151|100.0|100.0 |47,079| 28.5
+=======+=======+==========+=====+======+======+=======
Protestant bodies | 164 |195,618| 153,054| 92.2| 92.7 |42,564| 27.8
+-------+-------+----------+-----+------+------+-------
Adventist | 7 | 2,551| 1,757| 1.2| 1.1 | 794| 45.2
Baptist | 14 | 54,880| 42,909| 25.9| 26.0 |11,971| 27.9
Christian (Christian| 1 | 1,379| 1,424| 0.6| 0.9 | [2]45| [2]3.2
Connection) | | | | | | |
Church of Christ, | 1 | 638| 221| 0.3| 0.1 | 417| 188.7
Scientist | | | | | | |
Congregationalist | 1 | 5,713| 4,868| 2.7| 2.9 | 845| 17.4
| | | | | | |
Disciples or | 2 | 10,942| 7,746| 5.2| 4.4 | 3,696| 51.0
Christians | | | | | | |
Dunkers or German | 4 | 1,097| 989| 0.5| 0.6 | 108| 10.9
Baptist Brethern | | | | | | |
Evangelical bodies | 2 | 2,738| 2,310| 1.3| 1.4 | 428| 18.5
Friends | 4 | 1,147| 1,056| 0.5| 0.6 | 91| 8.6
| | | | | | |
German Evangelical | 1 | 1,205| 870| 0.6| 0.5 | 335| 38.5
Synod of N. A. | | | | | | |
Independent churches| 1 | 1,079| 155| 0.5| 0.1 | 924| 596.1
Lutheran bodies | 24 | 12,703| 8,595| 6.0| 5.2 | 4,108| 47.8
Mennonite bodies | 14 | 604| 550| 0.3| 0.3 | 54| 9.8
| | | | | | |
Methodist bodies | 15 | 64,701| 51,489| 30.5| 31.2 |13,212| 25.7
Presbyterian bodies | 12 | 15,506| 13,471| 7.3| 8.2 | 2,035| 15.1
Protestant | 1 | 6,845| 5,018| 3.2| 3.0 | 1,827| 36.4
Episcopal Church | | | | | | |
Reformed bodies | 4 | 2,585| 2,181| 1.2| 1.3 | 404| 18.5
| | | | | | |
Unitarians | 1 | 461| 421| 0.2| 0.3 | 40| 9.5
United Brethren | 2 | 4,304| 4,526| 2.0| 2.7 |[2]222| [2]4.9
bodies | | | | | | |
Universalists | 1 | 846| 956| 0.4| 0.6 |[2]110|[2]11.5
Other Protestant | 52 | 3,694| 2,042| 1.7| 1.2 | 1,652| 80.9
bodies | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Roman Catholic | 1 | 12,482| 10,239| 5.9| 6.2 | 2,243| 21.9
Church | | | | | | |
Jewish | 1 | 1,769| 533| 0.8| 0.3 | 1,236| 231.9
congregations | | | | | | |
Latter-day Saints | 2 | 1,184| 856| 0.6| 0.5 | 328| 38.3
Eastern Orthodox | 4 | 411| 2| 0.2|[3] | 409| [4]
Churches | | | | | | |
All other bodies | 14 | 766| 467| 0.4| 0.3 | 299| 64.0
--------------------+-------+-------+----------+-----+------+------+-------

[1] Exclusive of 26 organizations in Alaska.

[2] Decrease.

[3] Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent.

[4] Per cent not shown where base is less than 100.

CHURCH UNION

If this world is ever taken for God and its sins overthrown it
will be by the marching of all the hosts of God in solid column
to attack. The sixteen kinds of Methodists will come under one
wing, the ten kinds of Baptists must come under another wing,
and the seven kinds of Presbyterians under still another wing.
After all the branches of each denomination have united then
the great denominations nearest of kin will unite, and this
absorption shall go on until there shall be one great millennial
church, divided only for convenience into geographical sections
and as of old it was the “Church of Laodicea” and the “Church
of Philadelphia,” and the “Church of Thyatira,” so it shall be
the “Church of America” and the “Church of Europe,” and the
“Church of Asia,” and the “Church of Africa,” and the “Church
of Australia.” Of that world-wide Church there will be only one
article of creed--Christ first, Christ last, and Christ forever.
(Text.)--T. DEWITT TALMAGE, _Christian Union_.

(448)

TABLE NO. 3--SEATING CAPACITY OF THE CHURCHES (less a
percentage not reporting.) (See CHURCH STATISTICS.)

-+----------------+------------------------------------------------------
D|ORGANIZATIONS | SEATING CAPACITY OF CHURCH EDIFICES REPORTED
E|REPORTING SEATI-|
N|NG CAPACITY OF +---------------------+------------+-------------------
O|CHURCH EDIFICES:| | Per cent | Increase from
M| 1906 | Amount |distribution| 1890 to 1906
I|-------+--------+----------+----------+------+-----+----------+--------
N| |Per ct. | | | | | |
A| |of total| | | | | |
T| Number|report- | 1906 | 1890 | 1906 | 1890| Amount | Per
I| |ing | | | | | | cent
O| |church | | | | | |
N| |edifices| | | | | |
-+-------+--------+----------+----------+------+-----+----------+--------
A|179,954| 97.3|58,536,830|43,560,063| 100.0|100.0|14,976,767| 34.4
+=======+========+==========+==========+======+=====+==========+========
B|167,884| 97.4|53,282,445|39,896,330| 91.0| 91.6|13,386,115| 33.6
+-------+--------+----------+----------+------+-----+----------+--------
C| 1,431| 98.4| 287,964| 190,748| 0.5| 0.4| 97,216| 51.0
D| 48,042| 97.9|15,702,712|11,568,019| 26.8| 26.6| 4,134,693| 35.7
E| 1,221| 98.6| 383,893| 347,697| 0.7| 0.8| 36,196| 10.4
F| 245| 97.6| 81,823| 1,500| 0.1|([5])| 80,323| 5,354.9
G| 5,244| 98.1| 1,794,997| 1,553,080| 3.1| 3.6| 241,917| 15.6
| | | | | | | |
H| 8,702| 97.8| 2,776,044| 1,609,452| 4.7| 3.7| 1,166,592| 72.5
I| 969| 98.8| 508,374| 414,036| 0.9| 1.0| 94,338| 22.8
J| 2,461| 98.1| 659,391| 479,335| 1.1| 1.1| 180,056| 37.6
K| 1,088| 99.4| 304,204| 302,218| 0.5| 0.7| 1,986| 0.7
| | | | | | | |
L| 1,131| 99.6| 380,465| 245,781| 0.6| 0.6| 134,684| 54.8
M| 741| 94.3| 213,096| 39,345| 0.4| 0.1| 173,751| 441.6
N| 10,493| 98.1| 3,344,654| 2,205,635| 5.7| 5.1| 1,139,019| 51.6
O| 497| 99.8| 171,381| 129,340| 0.3| 0.3| 42,041| 32.5
| | | | | | | |
P| 56,577| 96.1|17,053,392|12,863,178| 29.1| 29.5| 4,190,214| 32.6
Q| 13,942| 99.0| 4,892,819| 4,037,550| 8.4| 9.3| 855,269| 21.2
R| 5,960| 99.4| 1,675,750| 1,336,752| 2.9| 3.1| 338,998| 25.4
S| 2,472| 99.7| 990,654| 825,931| 1.7| 1.9| 164,723| 19.9
| | | | | | | |
T| 401| 98.5| 159,917| 165,090| 0.3| 0.4| [6]5,173| [6]3.1
U| 3,637| 94.4| 1,060,560| 991,138| 1.8| 2.3| 69,422| 7.0
V| 718| 93.5| 220,222| 244,615| 0.4| 0.6| [6]24,393| [6]10.0
W| 1,912| 97.6| 620,133| 345,890| 1.1| 0.8| 274,243| 79.3
| | | | | | | |
X| 10,303| 95.8| 4,494,377| 3,370,482| 7.7| 7.7| 1,123,895| 33.3
Y| 717| 95.2| 364,701| 139,234| 0.6| 0.3| 225,467| 161.9
Z| 837| 99.1| 280,747| 122,892| 0.5| 0.3| 157,855| 128.5
a| 75| 89.3| 38,995| 325| 0.1|([5])| 38,670|11,898.5
b| 138| 69.0| 75,565| 30,800| 0.1| 0.1| 44,765| 145.3
-+-------+--------+----------+----------+------+-----+----------+--------

DENOMINATIONS:

A: All denominations
B: Protestant bodies
C: Adventist bodies
D: Baptist bodies
E: Christian (Christian Connection)
F: Church of Christ, Scientist
G: Congregationalists
H: Disciples or Christians
I: Dunkers or German Bapt. Brethren
J: Evangelical bodies
K: Friends
L: German Evangelical Synod of N. A.
M: Independent churches
N: Lutheran bodies
O: Mennonite bodies
P: Methodist bodies
Q: Presbyterian bodies
R: Protestant Episcopal Church
S: Reformed bodies
T: Unitarians
U: United Brethren bodies
V: Universalists
W: Other Protestant bodies
X: Roman Catholic Church
Y: Jewish congregations
Z: Latter-day Saints
a: Eastern Orthodox Churches
b: All other bodies

[5] Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent.

[6] Decrease.

TABLE NO. 4--SEATING CAPACITY--GAIN BY
DECADES. (See CHURCH STATISTICS.)

------+---------------++-----------------------------
| || SEATING CAPACITY OF
| || CHURCH EDIFICES
YEAR | Population |+---------------+-------------
| || |Per cent of
| || Amount | population
------+---------------++---------------+-------------
1906 | [7]84,246,252 || 58,536,830 | 69.5
1890 | [8]62,947,714 || 43,560,063 | 69.2
1880 | 50,155,783 || ([9]) | ([9])
1870 | 38,558,371 || [10]21,665,062 | 56.2
1860 | 31,443,321 || [11]19,128,751 | 60.8
1850 | 23,191,876 || 14,234,825 | 61.4
------+---------------++---------------+-------------

[7] Estimated.

[8] Includes the population of Indian Territory and Indian reservations.

[9] Not reported.

[10] Reported as “sittings.”

[11] Reported as “accommodations.”

CHURCHES AND THE CROWD

Jane Addams says that on a Sunday night in Chicago one-sixth
of the entire population is packed into 466 places of
entertainment. Churches? No--moving-picture shows! The churches
on Sunday night in Chicago, and, we fear, in many other places,
are not conspicuously crowded. The problem is this: If the
Chicago churches had presented an up-to-date moving-picture
show, instead of a sermon, would the crowd have followed
the films? Inasmuch as the church admission is free and the
theater admission is from five to twenty-five cents, it is
a fair assumption that the churches would have been filled.
Now, if the object of the Sunday-night service is primarily
to reach the crowd on the street, and if, as has been shown,
the moving-picture is a much more vivid and attractive way of
reaching that crowd than is a sermon, why, in all seriousness,
don’t churches give us the thrilling stories of the Old
Testament, its beautiful tales of the New Testament, and its
modern illustrations of Christian heroism in this and other
lands, in the up-to-date form--in moving pictures? They may
answer that they can not get hold of the films and the machine,
but this answer is not a good answer. Excellent sacred pictures
are shown in the present professional entertainments, and many
illustrations of modern heroism, self-sacrifice, and virtue
are in every program. Moreover, a demand for films for church
use would enlarge the supply. Moving-picture machines are not
expensive and can be easily operated. You can do it in your
church. Why don’t you?--_Woman’s Home Companion._

(449)

TABLE NO. 5--CHURCH PROPERTY. (See CHURCH STATISTICS.)

-+-------------+-----------------------------------------------------------
D|ORGANIZATIONS|
E| REPORTING |
N| VALUE |
O| OF CHURCH | VALUE OF CHURCH PROPERTY REPORTED
M| PROPERTY |
I| IN 1906 |
N+-------+-----+-------------------------+------------+--------------------
A| | | | Per cent | Increase from
T| | Per | Dollar Amount |distribution| 1890 to 1906
I| |cent +-------------+-----------+------+-----+-----------+--------
O| Number| of | 1906 | 1890 | 1906 | 1890| Dollar | Per
N| |total| | | | | Amount | cent
-+-------+-----+-------------+-----------+------+-----+-----------+--------
A|186,132| 87.7|1,257,575,867|679,426,489| 100.0|100.0|578,149,378| 85.1
=+=======+=====+=============+===========+======+=====+===========+========
B|173,902| 89.9| 935,942,578|549,695,707| 74.4| 80.9|386,246,871| 70.3
-+-------+-----+-------------+-----------+------+-----+-----------+--------
C| 1,492| 58.5| 2,425,209| 1,236,345| 0.2| 0.2| 1,188,864| 96.2
D| 49,339| 89.9| 139,842,656| 82,328,123| 11.1| 12.1| 57,514,533| 69.9
E| 1,239| 89.8| 2,740,322| 1,775,202| 0.2| 0.3| 965,120| 54.4
F| 401| 62.9| 8,806,441| 40,666| 0.7|([12])| 8,765,775|21,555.5
G| 5,366| 93.9| 63,240,305| 43,335,437| 5.0| 6.4| 19,904,868| 45.9
| | | | | | | |
H| 8,906| 81.4| 29,995,316| 12,206,038| 2.4| 1.8| 17,789,278| 145.7
I| 974| 88.8| 2,802,532| 1,362,631| 0.2| 0.2| 1,439,901| 105.7
J| 2,515| 91.9| 8,999,979| 4,785,680| 0.7| 0.7| 4,214,299| 48.1
K| 1,097| 95.6| 3,857,451| 4,541,334| 0.3| 0.7|[13]683,883|[13]15.1
| | | | | | | |
L| 1,137| 94.4| 9,376,402| 4,614,490| 0.7| 0.7| 4,761,912| 103.2
M| 806| 74.7| 3,934,267| 1,486,000| 0.3| 0.2| 2,448,267| 164.8
N| 10,779| 84.9| 74,826,389| 35,060,354| 6.0| 5.2| 39,766,035| 113.4
O| 497| 82.3| 1,237,134| 643,800| 0.1| 0.1| 593,334| 92.2
| | | | | | | |
P| 59,083| 91.3| 229,450,996|132,140,179| 18.2| 19.4| 97,310,817| 73.6
Q| 14,161| 91.3| 150,189,446| 94,861,347| 11.9| 14.0| 55,328,099| 58.3
R| 6,057| 88.5| 125,040,498| 81,219,117| 9.9| 12.0| 43,821,381| 54.0
S| 2,477| 95.8| 30,648,247| 18,744,242| 2.4| 2.8| 11,904,005| 63.5
| | | | | | | |
T| 406| 88.1| 14,263,277| 10,335,100| 1.1| 1.5| 3,928,177| 38.0
U| 3,839| 89.2| 9,073,791| 4,937,583| 0.7| 0.7| 4,136,208| 83.8
V| 779| 92.1| 10,575,656| 8,054,333| 0.8| 1.2| 2,521,323| 31.3
W| 2,552| 69.1| 14,616,264| 5,987,706| 1.2| 0.9| 8,628,558| 144.1
| | | | | | | |
X| 10,293| 82.5| 292,638,787|118,123,346| 23.3| 17.4|174,515,441| 147.7
Y| 747| 42.2| 23,198,925| 9,754,275| 1.8| 1.4| 13,444,650| 137.8
Z| 909| 76.8| 3,168,548| 1,051,791| 0.3| 0.2| 2,116,757| 201.3
a| 89| 21.7| 964,791| 45,000| 0.1|([12])| 919,791| 2,044.0
b| 192| 25.1| 1,662,238| 756,370| 0.1| 0.1| 905,868| 119.8
-+-------+-----+-------------+-----------+------+-----+-----------+--------

DENOMINATIONS:

A: All denominations
B: Protestant bodies
C: Adventist bodies
D: Baptist bodies
E: Christian (Christian Connection)
F: Church of Christ, Scientist
G: Congregationalists
H: Disciples or Christians
I: Dunkers or German Bapt. Brethren
J: Evangelical bodies
K: Friends
L: German Evangelical Synod of N. A.
M: Independent churches
N: Lutheran bodies
O: Mennonite bodies
P: Methodist bodies
Q: Presbyterian bodies
R: Protestant Episcopal Church
S: Reformed bodies
T: Unitarians
U: United Brethren bodies
V: Universalists
W: Other Protestant bodies
X: Roman Catholic Church
Y: Jewish congregations
Z: Latter-day Saints
a: Eastern Orthodox Churches
b: All other bodies

[12] Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent.

[13] Decrease.

CHURCHES, DEAD

There is a Scandinavian tradition which tells of seven parishes
of the Northland that lie buried under snow and ice, but whose
church-bells are heard ringing clearly.

May not churches ring their bells and maintain all the forms of life, and yet lie buried under the snow and ice of death? (Text.)

(450)

TABLE NO. 6--CHURCH PROPERTY--GAIN BY
DECADES. (See CHURCH STATISTICS.)

--------+--------------------------------
| VALUE OF CHURCH
| PROPERTY REPORTED
--------+------------------+-------------
| | Per cent
YEAR | Amount | of increase
| | over value
| | at preceding
| | census
--------+------------------+-------------
1906 | $1,257,575,867 | 85.1
1890 | 679,426,489 | 91.7
1870 | 354,483,581 | 106.5
1860 | 171,397,932 | 90.3
1850 | 87,328,801 | .....
--------+------------------+-------------

CHURCHES, SELFISH

Most churches are religious cisterns instead of spiritual
reservoirs. A cistern has all the trenches dug, the pipes laid,
the roofs shaped to catch the showers of the favoring sky, and
the water runs into it to be dipped out by the owner or occupant
of the building, for the purpose of consumption. A reservoir has
streams running into it, but all its trenches are dug and pipes
laid in order that the water shall flow away from it, for the
purpose of distribution.--THEODORE S. HENDERSON.

(451)

CIGARET SMOKING

Cigaret smoking is the most dangerous form in which tobacco can
be used, because combustion goes on so near the mouth that all
the products of burning are drawn into the mouth without change
and are absorbed by the blood-vessels and carried to the brain.
In the pipe and cigar many of the products from burning are
condensed in the stem of the pipe and body of the cigar, and
never reach the mouth. In the cigaret these poison products,
small in amount, are constantly taken by the blood-vessels of
the mouth and affect the senses. The sight, the smell and the
hearing are all diminished and enfeebled, later the power of
reason and muscular control. No form of tobacco is so cumulative
in its action as the products from cigaret smoking; the quantity
is small, the absorption is more rapid, and the resistance
by nature is less active. The cigaret-smoker is slowly and
surely poisoning himself, and is largely unconscious of it. In
the young the poisoning is very acute and active; in elderly
persons it is less prominent, but that it is equally dangerous,
in the effects on the nerves, on the brain and on the senses,
enfeebling them and destroying their activity, is beyond all
question. The pipe- or cigar-smoker may not seem much worse for
his addiction, but the cigaret-smoker is always markedly damaged
by it.--T. D. CROTHERS.

(452)

CIRCULATION IMPEDED

The moral and spiritual circulation, the free action of life-forces in character, may be checked and impeded as well as the physical forces, as described below:

From the experiments of Scharling, Gerlach, and others, it has
been shown that appreciable quantities of carbonic acid gas
are hourly exhaled by the skin. If this process of cutaneous
respiration is absolutely interrupted, as by covering the
skin with varnish, death follows very soon, the heart and
lungs becoming gorged with blood, as in ordinary cases of
asphyxiation. In ignorance of this physiological fact, certain
monks in the middle ages gilded the skin of a young lad who
was to represent an angel (angels being understood, it would
seem, to have golden skin); but he did not live through the
performance of the “mystery” or “morality” in which he had to
play his angelic part. Even if the body be inclosed, all but the
head, in a water-proof covering, asphyxiation follows. Some,
indeed, present themselves in public gatherings, not within
the walls of lunatic asylums, either, with the respiratory,
circulatory, and perspiratory organs manifestly obstructed,
and, in fact, with the whole economy of the body from head to
foot hampered obviously to the eye by powder, paint, enamel,
corset, tight gloves, tight shoes, and goodness knows what other
contrivances for checking all the processes and movements for
whose perfect freedom of action nature has carefully provided.
These may, perhaps, be best explained as cases of reversion
to the ways of savage progenitors.--R. A. PROCTOR,
_Syndicate Letter_.

(453)

CIRCUMSTANCES

Circumstances mold character, but character masters circumstances. No true life anywhere needs despair because its surroundings are uncongenial or depressing. A writer finds this lesson in the first flowers of spring, of which he says:

But among what uncongenial surroundings these new flowers have
come! Gray, sunless skies, chilling winds, the frosts, the
lingering traces of the snow--these are the things which the new
flowers see with their opening eyes; courageous flowers indeed
to creep forth into a wintry world like this!

If these flowers can brave the trials of the winds and cold and sullen sky, and still smile upon the sun, so can human lives, however bare and difficult their lot.

(454)

CIRCUMSTANCES BEYOND CONTROL

One of the strangest stories of false imprisonment comes from
France. A woman was sentenced to imprisonment for life for
having caused the death of her husband and brother. The three
had lived together at Malaunay, near Rouen, in a cottage. The
lower part of it was used as a shop. When the woman was sent
to prison, other people occupied the shop, but the new tenants
suffered, the man from fainting fits, his wife from nausea,
from which she died. Another couple tried their fortune, but
they, too, were overcome by the “spell of the accurst place,”
as they supposed. They were subject to fainting and loss of
memory. At last a scientific examination of the premises was
made. Then it was found that adjoining the shop was a lime-kiln.
In a wall dividing it from the cottage were many fissures, so
that whenever lime was burned monoxide of carbon escaped into
the inn. This was the secret of the deaths for which the woman
was suffering. She was brought out of prison after six years of
servitude.

While we should not put the blame for our sins on circumstances, we should remember that much which we condemn as sin would, if we understood it, be excused as due to circumstances that involve no blame.

(455)

=Circumstances, Making the Best of=--See CONSERVATION OF REMAINDERS.

CIRCUMSTANCES, MASTERY BY

Genius levels mountains, spans rivers, causes wildernesses
to blossom, links together with electric chains the ends of
the earth. The gifted man cares not for difficulties; like a
mountain torrent, he gains momentum from every obstacle; a
master athlete, he throws the world. Masters of circumstance
in many directions, but how soon we succumb to circumstance
when it relates to character! He who is triumphantly strong
in other directions is helpless here; he who heroically and
magnificently succeeds in fortune ignobly fails in morals.
He who successfully battles with circumstances to become a
scholar is vanquished by fleshly desires; he who becomes rich
in the teeth of circumstances is then mastered and degraded by
his riches; he who surmounts circumstances to become great,
immediately falls a victim to luxury and pride. Men make a grand
fight with a circumstance in the kingdoms of nature and society,
but a sorry light with circumstances as these menace the kingdom
of the spirit; they fail most where it is exactly most desirable
that they should succeed.--W. L. WATKINSON, “The
Transfigured Sackcloth.”

(456)

CIRCUMSTANCES NOT DECISIVE

The danger of circumstantial evidence is illustrated by the
French trial of a maidservant for robbery of some forks from
a citizen of Paris. At the trial the circumstances were so
strong against her that she was found guilty, and was executed.
Six months afterward the forks were found under an old roof,
behind a heap of tiles, where a magpie used to go. When it was
discovered that the innocent girl had been unjustly condemned,
an annual mass was founded at St. John-en-Grese for the repose
of her soul.--CROAKE JAMES, “Curiosities of Law and
Lawyers.”

(457)

CIRCUMSTANCES, SUPERIORITY TO

R. H. Haweis tells the following of a celebrated violinist:

Leghorn received him with open arms, altho his appearance
was marked by an amusing contretemps. He came on to the
stage limping, having run a nail into his heel. At all times
odd-looking, he, no doubt, looked all the more peculiar
under these circumstances, and there was some tittering among
the audience. Just as he began, the candles fell out of his
desk--more laughter. He went on playing; the first string
broke--more laughter. He played the rest of the concerto through
on three strings, but the laughter now changed to vociferous
applause at this feat. The beggarly elements seemed of little
consequence to this magician. One or more strings, it was all
the same to him; indeed, it is recorded that he seldom paused to
mend his strings when they broke, which they not infrequently
did.

(458)

CIRCUMSTANCES, TAKING ADVANTAGE OF

A well-known lawyer related a good story about himself and his efforts to correct the manners of his office boy:

One morning not long ago, the young autocrat blew into the
office, and, tossing his cap at a hook, exclaimed:

“Say, Mr. Blank, there’s a ball-game down at the park to-day and
I am going down.”

Now, the attorney is not a hard-hearted man, and was willing the
boy should go, but thought he would teach him a little lesson in
good manners.

“Jimmie,” he said, “that isn’t the way to ask a favor. Now, you
come over here and sit down, and I’ll show you how to do it.”

The boy took the office chair, and his employer picked up his
cap and stept outside. He then opened the door softly, and
holding the cap in his hand, said, quietly, to the small boy in
the big chair:

“Please, sir, there is a ball-game at the park to-day; if you
can spare me I would like to get away for the afternoon.”

In a flash the boy responded:

“Why, certainly, Jimmie; and here is fifty cents to pay your way
in.” (Text.)

(459)

CITIZENSHIP IN THE KINGDOM

In writing of the Polish women, one author tells how they
perform a man’s labor of sowing, tilling and reaping in the
field. Their work is preferred to that of men because it is
better and cheaper. They work for German land-owners and receive
free transportation by the government. Altho they are said to
frequently marry Germans, they do not lose their identity,
nationality or character.

Every church-member should be a citizen of the kingdom of
Heaven. He should make its interests his interests and identify
himself so closely with Christ, and show forth His life so that
all would know that his nationality was of heaven; and his
character Christ-like. (Text.)

(460)

CITY, A HOLY

It would not be expected anywhere that New York would be called
a holy city, and yet that is what it was recently called by a
convert in one of its mission halls. A correspondent of the New
York _Tribune_ gives an account of a meeting he attended
on a recent Sunday evening in a gospel mission hall at No. 330
Eighth Avenue. A man with a pronounced foreign accent told the
story of his life at this meeting. At the age of eighteen, he
said, shortly after his arrival at a German university, because
of some fancied slight he was challenged to fight a duel with
one of his fellow students. In self-defense he killed the man,
and from that day had borne the sorrows of a homicide. Drink had
the mastery over him and he was far gone in dissipation when
he was shipped to Canada, where he still continued a life of
dissipation. To improve his business chances he came to New York
and took up residence in the Young Men’s Christian Association
Building in Twenty-third Street. Said the speaker: “A good
many talk about the wickedness of New York. I call it a holy
city, because in that little room, No. 653, in the Young Men’s
Christian Association Building, I lost the weight of sin which
had been pressing my life out for years and entered a new life
in which the past was blotted out.” Several months have passed
and the speaker has been led into new evidences of divine favor
and usefulness. This case illustrates the familiar fact that one
can find what he is looking for almost anywhere, especially in a
large city. If he is looking for a saloon or any form of evil he
will have little trouble in finding it, but if he wants to find
a church or some form of good, it will be found near at hand. A
holy man is holy anywhere, and to him even New York is a holy
city.--_Presbyterian Banner._

(461)

=City Children=--See CHILDREN AND GARDENS.

CITY, GROWTH OF A GREAT

The growth of population in the area now covered by Greater New
York is shown thus in _The Tribune_:

1910 4,766,883
1900 3,437,202
1890 2,507,414
1880 1,911,698
1870 1,478,103
1860 1,174,779
1850 696,115
1840 391,114
1830 242,278
1820 152,056
1810 119,734
1800 79,216
1790 49,401

The following interesting figures are given by the Washington
correspondent of _The Times_:

New York now has a population greater than many of the countries
of the world, for instance, Australia in 1908 had within its
borders 4,275,306 persons, exclusive of the aborigines, while
Ireland (1909) had a population of 4,374,158. Bulgaria in 1908
showed a census return of 4,158,409, and Denmark and Greece,
respectively, had 2,659,000 and 2,632,000 subjects of their
kings. Norway in the same year was populated by 2,350,786
persons, and Switzerland by 3,559,000.

The figures in the cut above exhibit fifty years of New York’s
expansion.

The fifteen largest cities of the world, each having more than one million population are as follows:

London 7,537,196
New York 4,766,883
Paris 2,714,068
Tokyo 2,085,160
Berlin 2,040,148
Chicago 1,698,575
St. Petersburg 1,678,000
Vienna 1,674,957
Canton 1,600,000
Peking 1,600,000
(estimated)
Moscow 1,359,254
Philadelphia 1,293,697
Constantinople 1,125,000
(estimated)
Osaka 1,117,151
Calcutta 1,026,987
and suburbs

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=Cities and Atmospheric Impurities=--See SOOT.

=Cities Due to Discoveries=--See DISCOVERY, BENEFITS FROM.

=City versus Country=--See SOCIETY IS MAN’S PLACE.

=Civic Pride=--See CHILDREN AND CIVIC SERVICE.

=Civic Strength=--See GREATNESS, TRUE, OF A CITY.

CIVICS

It is said that one day recently a committee from a certain
college investigated the Jacob Riis Settlement on the East Side
of New York and made the criticism that civics were not taught.
“I’ll show you how I teach them,” said Riis. “I noticed that the
Jews and Irish did not get on together, so I had a straight
talk with the leaders and told them they must do something. In
a short time this notice appeared on the bulletin board: ‘Come
to the Meeting of the Young American Social and Political Club,
Dennis O’Sullivan, President; Abraham Browsky, Vice-President.’
That,” answered Riis, “is my way of teaching civics.” And it is
a way we should not neglect to follow. (Text.)--_The American
College._

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=Civilization=--See KNOWLEDGE VALUES.

=Civilization Advancing=--See ADVANCEMENT, RAPID.

CIVILIZED MAN AND SAVAGE

A savage who had been shipwrecked in a river may note certain
things which serve him as signs of danger in the future. But
civilized man deliberately makes such signs; he sets up in
advance of wreckage warning buoys, and builds lighthouses where
he sees signs that such events may occur. A savage reads weather
signs with great expertness; civilized man institutes a weather
service by which signs are artificially secured and information
is distributed in advance of the appearance of any signs that
could be detected without special methods. A savage finds his
way skilfully through a wilderness by reading certain obscure
indications; civilized man builds a highway which shows the
road to all. The savage learns to detect the signs of fire and
thereby to invent methods of producing flame; civilized man
invents permanent conditions for producing light and heat just
whenever they are needed.--JOHN DEWEY, “How We Think.”

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CLAIM, GOD’S