Chapter X: , 235

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, his opinion about war, 271-72.
Emery, Professor C., quotation from his "Some Economic Aspects of
War," 226.
European War, predicted, 13, 14, 15, 16.

Falkland Islands, running fight off, 195.
Fiske, Admiral, quoted, 170.
Formative strife, man as a master, 27, 28, 29.
Franklin, Benjamin, 135-36.
Frederick the Great, 79, 90.
French batteries outrange German, 103.
French Government, maker of its own gunpowder, 262.
Fuel-ships, 170, 171.
"Future of War, The," by M. de Bloch, an argument against
possibility of war, 2.

Gardner, Congressman, 128, 161, 169, 216.
Garrison, Secretary of War, interviewed, 100, 101.
Gathmann gun, 208.
General Board of Navy, organized, 160;
headed by General Dewey, 160, 163, 164.
and Congress, 168;
report of, 169.
Germany, government of, 135;
militarism of, 139;
progress in industrial arts and sciences, 139;
superiority of, intellectually, 140;
fight of, with England at North Sea, 195;
standing army of, 225.
Goethals, Colonel, character of, 253-54.
Good and Evil of Peace and of War, The, Chapter XII, 265.
Grant, 90.
Great Powers, 101, 108.
Gun, increase in size and strength, 184;
dependence of, upon armored protection, 187;
high-power naval, most powerful dynamic instrument, 189.
Gunpowder, smokeless, invention and development of, 181;
four times as powerful as black powder, 182.
Guns, field, necessity for, 103, 104;
helplessness of infantry without, 107;
superiority over armor-plate, 196.

Haeckel, Ernst, 22.
Hague Congresses, 35.
Haldane, Lord, 128, 164.
Hannibal, 90, 162.
Hannibal's Balearic slingers, 85.
Hanno, 162.
Herodotus, quoted, 281.
Herr Krupp, 252.
Holland submarine boats, 77.
Holy Alliance, formed 1815, 56;
purpose of, 56, 57;
actions of, 57.
Howitzers, German use of, 103;
governmental need of, 201-2;
Germans reported makers of huge, 199.
Huns and Vandals of present day, 31.

_Indiana_, the, 156.
Indulgence, statistics of U. S., 225-26.
International Tribunal, 39.
Inventions:
gun-cotton, 257;
multi-perforated grain, 257, 258;
process for successful reworking of smokeless powder, 259;
army rifle, 259;
smokeless rifle-powder, 259;
value to government, 259-60.
breech-loading guns, steam turbine, submarine torpedo boat,
etc., 261.
Isolation, fatal, of U. S., 120.

James, William, attitude toward war, 300;
discussed, 301.
Japan, strength increasing, 100.
Japanese, a far-seeing people, 62, 63;
possessors of two powerful
battle-cruisers, 188.
Jefferson, Charles Edward, advocates peace, 19, 20, 247.
_Jéna_, battleship, 263.
Jordan Dr. David Starr, believes in disarmament, 7;
says war materials should be made by government, 7, 9;
opposes war, 11;
quotations from his "War and Waste," 1, 17, 18, 247;
discussed, 93, 95, 240, 301;
paid from Carnegie Peace Foundation, 252.
_Journal of the Royal United Service Institution_, drawings of Mr.
Maxim published in, 199.

Kaiser Wilhelm II, quoted, 141.
Kane, Admiral, quoted, 116.
_Kearsarge_, the, 193.
Kitchener, Lord, Muldoon of new English army, 293.
Knight, Admiral Austin M., quoted, 150-54, 155, 171, 173-74.

Lake Submarine Torpedo Boat Works, 77.
_La Liberté_, battleship, 263.
Language of the Big Guns, Chapter VII, 181.
Law, substitution of, for War, 31-32;
inadequacy of, 34;
must be backed by force, 36.
Lea, General Homer, quotations from, 33, 63, 64, 68, 228-29.
Lee, 90.
Lincoln, Abraham, 163.
Lowell, James Russell, quotation from his poem, 44, 45.

Machinery, modern, labor-saving, 81, 82, 83;
a strong factor in a nation's preparedness for war, 87;
expense of, 87, 96;
a means of shortening length of war, 88;
assists the soldier in battle, 90;
saves human life, 92.
Mahan, Admiral, 46;
quoted, 67.
Manufactories of munitions of war, unprotected, 77, 78.
Marat, a pacific moralist, 238.
Marius, military genius of, 162.
Marlborough, 90.
Marlin Firearms Works, 76.
"Marseillaise," 97.
Martel, Charles, 90, 162.
_Massachusetts_, the, 156.
Maxim, Hudson, his proposition of throwing large charges of explosives
from big guns criticised, 200;
inventor of multi-perforated grain, 257, 258.
Maximite, first trial of, 201;
first explosive successfully fired through armor-plate, 201.
Medici, Catherine de', 238.
Mendeléeff, told how to colloid gun-cotton, 257.
_Merrimac_, the, 181, 184, 185, 192, 193.
Meyer, G. von L., ex-Secretary of Navy, 135, 143, 175;
quoted, 176-80.
Militia, lack of batteries in, 119;
lack of officers in, 120;
actual strength of, 127.
Modern Methods and Machinery of War, Chapter IV, 68.
_Monitor_, Ericsson's, 158, 181, 192, 193;
victory over _Merrimac_, 184, 185;
inferior to modern battleships, 193;
developed into super-dreadnought by Europeans, 217;
builders of, inspired by spirit of patriotism, 255;
tardy acceptance of, by government, 256.
Monroe Doctrine, proclaimed, 56;
actual formulator of, John Quincy Adams, 58;
inconsistencies of, 60, 62;
General Lea on, 63-4;
England's attitude toward, 65;
an Anglo-American compact, 66.
Monroe, President, declaration of, 58-9.
Montesquieu, quoted, 281.
Mukden, battle of, 249.
Müller, Max, 41.
Multi-perforated grain, invented by Mr. Maxim, 198.
Murray Hill Hotel, explosion in front of, 209-10.

Napoleon, 40, 45, 57, 79, 89, 118, 162, 163;
his "_Que messieurs les assassins commencent_," 54.
Navy, U. S., Admiral Knight on the, 150-54;
necessity for superiority in, 155;
gradually slipping back, 158;
inadequate, 99, 100;
constituents for a proper, 170, 171.
waste of money appropriated for, 175.
Needs of Our Army, The, Chapter V, 113.
Needs of Our Navy, The, Chapter VI, 141.
New York Arsenal, 77.
New York _Times_, quoted, 144-45.

O'Neil, Admiral Charles, 200.
_Oregon_, the, 156.
Our Armaments Not a Burden, Chapter IX, 222.
Our Inconsistent Monroe Doctrine, Chapter III, 56.

Parker, Professor G. H., quoted, 290.
Patent Office, inventions received by, increasing, 260.
Peace, conference, 18;
praters, advocates, and prophets of, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 108, 247;
falseness of position of pacifiers toward, 109, 110, 235, 236,
237, 241, 242, 248, 249, 250, 253, 256, 257, 266;
Bible and, 49, 50;
sophists, 109, 262, 267, 274, 275;
tends more to degeneracy and national decay than war, 280.
Peter the Great, architect of Russia, 163.
Picatinny Arsenal, 76.
Plato, on war, 265.
Pratt and Whitney Works, 76.
Projectiles, power and weight of, 183;
improvements in, 188-89;
distance most efficient protection from, 192;
larger ones lose less velocity than smaller, 195-96.

_Queen Elizabeth_, the, latest and most powerful type of dreadnought,
175.

Remington Small Arms Works, 76.
Report of the Chief of Ordnance, 1914, 125.
Report of the Chief of Staff, 128.
Roberts, Lord, 128, 129.
Robespierre, a noted pacifist, 238.
Roosevelt, Theodore, quotations from, 3, 5, 43;
caliber of, 143.
Royal United Service Institution of Great Britain, 197.
Ruskin, John, on war, 269-71.
Russia, Czar of, 96.
Russian "Monroe Doctrine," 57.
Russo-Japanese War, predicted, 13.

Salisbury, Lord, quoted, 235.
Santiago, battle of, 195.
Savage Arms Works, 76.
_Scientific American_, quoted, 121; 124-25;
mentioned, 159.
Scriptures, quotations from, 49, 50, 51, 52.
Secretary of Army and Secretary of Navy, 141, 142;
should not be treated politically, 142.
Secretary of War, 141.
Sheridan, 90.
Sherman, his famous declaration about war, 244.
Smith and Wesson Revolver Works, 76.
Smokeless cannon-powder, invented by Mr. Maxim, 197-98.
Smokeless multi-perforated powder, adopted by U. S. Government, 218.
Socialists take part in war, 97.
South American republics and the United States, 60, 61.
Sparta, ancient, power of government in, 136.
Speed, of supreme importance in naval engagements, 196-97.
Spencer, Herbert, philosopher, 19, 23, 30, 229, 245.
Spottsylvania Court House, battle of, 146.
Stead, William T., recommends that British Parliament build two
battleships to every one built by Germany, 18.
Steel Trust, 10.
Stockton, Mr. Richard, Jr., quoted, 139, 227;
his book on "Peace Insurance," quotations from, 295-99.
Strong, Dr., President of American Institute of Social Service, 54,
299.
Sullivan, John L., fighter, 19, 172.
Sumner, William Graham, quotation from, 56.
Swiss system of military training, 134, 137, 138, 291.

Talmage, Rev. T. de Witt, 47.
Tennyson, 31.
Torquemada, 238.
Tupper, Sir Charles, 65.
Twain, Mark, 24.

Union Metallic Cartridge Works, 76.
United States Army, powder works of, 76.
United States Arsenal, 76.
United States Naval Torpedo Station, 77.
United States Steel Corporation, 9.
United States, a world-power, 149, 157.
Upton, General Emory, prophetic speech of, 116.

_Vesuvius_, the, 209.
Victory, naval, dependent upon weight of broadsides, 104;
land, upon weight of gun-fire, 104.
Vieille, producer of gun-cotton, 257.

"Wacht am Rhein," 97.
War, ex-President Taft's views on, 16;
China's, 16;
Italian, with Tripoli, 16;
Balkan, 16;
Mexican, 17;
European, 17, 103, 232, 233;
Dr. Jordan's views on, 17-18;
when justifiable, 42, 43, 45;
and Christianity, 46-55;
Civil, 85, 86, 87, 90, 302, 305;
Boer, 103;
Spanish, 158, 221;
as an art, 172;
of 1812, 221;
advantages of, 270, 271, 272, 273;
survival of fittest in, 274;
mixer of races, 274;
remedy for? 306-308.
War materials, manufacture of, by government and private
individuals, 9, 10, 251, 252;
manufacturers of, actuated by honorable principles, 255.
Washington, George, opinion of war, 84, 85.
Winchester Repeating Arms and Cartridge Works, 76.
Woman's Peace Party, resolutions of, 239-40;
mistaken ideas of, 241, 242;
bravery of, if war should come, 242, 243, 244;
inconsistency of, 244.
Wood, General Leonard, 118, 134.
letter from, 113-15;
quotation from, 129, 130, 131, 132.
Wright Brothers, encouraged abroad, 216;
Wright Brothers, mentioned, 219.
Wyndeer, Sir William, 235.

Zalinski pneumatic gun, 200.
Zeppelin, subject of guess-work, 204;
speed of, 205;
little accuracy in bomb-dropping from, 211;
an enormous target, 211;
more expensive than aëroplane, 213;
use as troop-ship yet to be proven, 214;
advantages over aëroplane, 215;
important use in detection of submarines, 215;
not one in U. S., 218.

PRAISE FROM PATRIOTS

Extracts From a Few of Hundreds of Letters Praising HUDSON MAXIM'S DEFENSELESS AMERICA

THEODORE ROOSEVELT:

"'Defenseless America' is a capital book. I hope it will have
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prime duty for this nation is to prepare itself so that it can
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your admirable volume."

OSCAR S. STRAUS:

"'Defenseless America', coming from an expert, will awaken
interest in the most practical method of securing peace by
safeguarding our national existence. I am in fullest accord
with your Conclusion--an international compact with adequate
international force to maintain it, and give adequate guarantee
to enforce its decrees."

S. S. MCCLURE:

"A most convincing book on an extraordinarily important
subject, done in a manner not only convincing but irrefutable."

REAR-ADMIRAL CHARLES D. SIGSBEE:

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good fruit!"

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DR. ORISON SWETT MARDEN:

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COL. BEVERLEY W. DUNN:

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every loyal American."

W. SIDNEY JOPSON:

"The direct results of reading 'Defenseless America' were that
I went to Plattsburg and applied for admission in our National
Guard."

PRAISE FROM EDITORS

No Serious Book Has Ever Been More Highly Praised by the Leading Newspapers of America.

PHILADELPHIA PUBLIC LEDGER:

"A book by an expert in modern armament who writes with graphic
power what he knows better than anyone in this country--a
solemn warning."

NEW YORK AMERICAN:

"No book issued on the subject marshals with equal skill so
great an array of facts as Mr. Maxim's volume. In the present
state of national thought upon our military and naval needs
this book is most valuable."

WASHINGTON STAR:

"In origin and treatment this is a surpassing study whose sheer
information, apart from its personal conclusions, is worth the
serious attention, not only of the legislator, but of the plain
man behind the lawmaker."

DETROIT FREE PRESS:

"Hudson Maxim makes a call to arms against war. Here is an
argument for proper armament from a man who not only foretold
the Japanese war and named the victor, but also prophesied the
present conflict and by knowledge and study of world's
conditions knows what he is talking about and makes his warning
timely."

LOS ANGELES TIMES:

"A powerful book on an imminent and national problem that every
thinking citizen should read with care."

BOSTON TRANSCRIPT:

"Shows how it is safer for a country like the United States
with so large a territory to defend, to prepare, so that no
foreign nation will be anxious to try a struggle with us. The
peace of the United States will then rest on a firm
foundation."

BALTIMORE SUN:

"The book is brilliantly written, with the severity of one who
intensely desires to drive a truth home and with the assurance
of one who feels his statistics unassailable and his arguments
unanswerable. He is supported by many witnesses whose knowledge
must be respected. There is no smallness in the writer's
attitude. He appears to feel intensely his mission as prophet
and patriot."

CLEVELAND PLAIN DEALER:

"Here is a man, frankly interested in war, who seems utterly
honest in his beliefs. The book contains an expert elucidation
of the weaknesses of the American army and navy. It has
practical suggestions for improvement. It is, in fact, a
complete text book for the student of American preparedness or
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BROOKLYN CITIZEN:

"The book should be read and studied carefully by every lover
of his country."

LEWISTON JOURNAL:

"'Defenseless America' is a ringing and insistent call,
calculated to startle the average American out of his peaceful
and complacent sense of security."

NEW YORK PRESS:

"The book is interesting--as interesting as a well-written and
absorbing novel, only it deals with vital facts that have a
bearing on the lives and fortunes of every one in this
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THE OUTLOOK:

"We wish that we could think that those who are opposed to any
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this book of Mr. Hudson Maxim."

LIFE, N. Y.:

"One of the early lumber-camp tales ended with a stirring scene
in which a big, sandy-haired hero, caught in the path of a
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appeal to the sleeping intelligence and lulled self-interest of
his countrymen, 'Defenseless America.' The book contains a
remorseless marshaling of stern facts, fused into prophecy by a
sort of incandescent logic. It is the first bold proclaiming of
the bitter 'civilization' truths revealed by the vast
disillusionment of the war. And these are here flung, as the
author feels, into the face of approaching national disaster."

THE SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN:

"The scope of 'Defenseless America' is so all-embracing, that the
author has given a veritable mine of information upon the subject
of war and war material. Mr. Maxim is well qualified by his long
and successful association, as a practical and successful inventor,
with the production of the implements of war, to write upon the
technical side of the question; and this he does with a
characteristic force and lucidity which will render the subject
perfectly understandable and full of fascinating interest for the
average layman."

REVIEW OF REVIEWS:

"A graphic and effective presentation of facts revealing the
defenseless condition of this country and indicating what must be
done to avert national humiliation."

"THIS POWERFUL BOOK HAS JARRED
AMERICAN COMPLACENCY AS NO
OTHER BOOK HAS
EVER DONE"

From The New York American

One of the most remarkable men of our time has written a book--and the book is probably the most startling document ever placed before the American people. Its author is Hudson Maxim, world-famous inventor, writer on many topics of public interest, member of the Naval Advisory Board--and an American patriot.

His book, called "Defenseless America," has fallen among the complacent, the self-satisfied, the careless and the indifferent like a seventeen-inch shell.

It is a pitiless book--pitiless in its facts, pitiless in its logic, pitiless in its conclusions.

Mr. Maxim knows what he is writing about; he is one of the greatest authorities on military affairs in the world. His book has the cold steel precision of truth.

He shows that all wars have economic causes, no matter how they are painted over with sentiment. And he demonstrates that one of the most urgent economic incentives to war that has ever existed will be the relative condition of Europe and the United States at the close of the Great War.

Imagine the victors of this gigantic conflict--Allies or Teutons--impoverished in money and resources, with the most colossal public debt in the world's history hanging over them, but possessing an enormous army of trained veterans and a world-beating navy.

Then, on this side of the Atlantic, a nation that thinks it "can whip all creation," and acts on that principle--a hundred million over-fed, money-making people, nine-tenths of whom could not load a modern infantry rifle if they should ever happen to see one; a country of countless dollars protected by obsolete battleships and submarines that can neither float nor sink; a nation rich but undefended, confident but weak, dictatorial in manner but powerless in action.

America sits on an open powder barrel. Will the Victors of the Great War apply the match?

Get this stirring and tremendous book, and read what will happen--in Mr. Maxim's own words. He will tell you where the match will be applied, what points in controversy will bring on the collision--and then what will take place with startling swiftness.

And--

He tells what may be done, even at this late day, for effective defense.

* * * * *

As Mr. Maxim has cut out all royalty, publishers are thereby enabled to furnish a special edition of the book, of which this volume is a sample, at only fifty cents a copy.

The book may be obtained of or ordered through any bookstore, or the publishers, Hearst's International Library Company, 119 West 40th Street, New York, will send it postage-paid to any address for sixty cents, or ten copies in a single package for five dollars--fifty cents a copy. The library edition, superior paper and binding, may still be had at two dollars a copy.