Chapter VII: Part 7

Our first night at sea was clear and beautiful, the air, cool and grateful, contrasted with the severe and at times almost suffocating warmth of the limestone islands. After the evening meal, Gregory and I, snugly ensconced in the lee of the cabin, which was on deck, sat far into the night gazing with wonder upon the tranquil glory of the stars, which shone with exceeding splendor, and talking with sad hearts of the waning light of the star of the Confederacy, which had reached its zenith at Chancellorsville and which sank so disastrously at the later battle of Gettysburg. The wind was light, but the rush of the staunch little ship at full speed brought to our listening ears the faint sound of a bell, not that of a ship striking the change of the watch, but a continuous peal of irregular strokes. In a few moments it ceased, and I have often wondered what it meant, for no sail was visible that night. Alert and eager for its repetition, which came not, our wonderment was increased by the cry of a human voice in the darkness ahead, which was also observed by the lookouts aloft and alow, and, while Long Tom was rapidly climbing the ratlines of the foremast to the crosstrees, our captain appeared on the bridge and brought the ship to a full stop. In painful silence all eyes and ears were strained to catch a sight or sound from the mysterious object ahead. Again and again the long-drawn, wailing cry. Could it be a castaway? The sailor's instinct and sympathy is never so much aroused as by such an incident. Shifting our course a point or two, we proceeded slowly ahead; the cry grew clearer, with despairful lamentations; again our course was changed, the paddles slowly turning. Ignoring the usual precaution of silence on board at night, the captain ordered the officer of the deck to answer with a hail. Immediately the voice responded, and in a few moments Long Tom reported to the commander on the bridge, "A nigger in a ship's boat, sir." "What," said the captain, "can he be doing out here in a boat 160 miles from land?" "I'm blessed if I know, sir, but I'm telling you the truth." "Cast-away, sir, close aboard," was the second officer's report a few moments later. "Heave him a line," said the commander. The falls of the davits were soon hooked on and the boat, with its lonesome occupant, hoisted to the deck. The next morning, when I was dressing, the chief steward knocked at my door and gravely asked if I would see the man whom we had rescued the night before, "for," said he, "there is something mysterious about his plight which he refuses to make known to me." On going forward I found a negro man of about fifty years of age, apparently in deep distress; mutual recognition was instantaneous; the poor fellow fell at my feet and embraced my knees, with broken sobs of "Oh, Marse Jeems, Marse Jeems, Marse Jeems!" His story was soon told in the homely and pathetic vernacular of the old-time Southern darkey. He had long been the butler and body servant of my friend at Orton plantation, whose lovely daughter had given her heart to a manly young neighbor before he went away to the war which had desolated many Southern homes. The fearful news of disaster had come from Gettysburg, in which her lover was engaged with his company on Culp's Hill. He had been shot through the lungs and was left dying on the field, which was later occupied by the enemy. Then a veil was drawn, for all subsequent inquiries as to his death and the disposal of his body were unavailing. The poor girl at Orton, grief stricken, haunted by fears of the worst, and mocked by her efforts to seek him beyond the lines, slowly faded to a shadow of her former self. Again and again my friend returned from a hopeless search among the living and the dead, when, he, too, began to pine away, for the war had robbed him of all but the child whom he adored, and now she was slipping away from him. It was then that this Nature's nobleman in a black skin came forward and desired his liberty to go through the lines in Virginia and never return until he brought the body dead, or news of his young master living, to the dear mistress whom he loved more than his own life. In vain my friend refused. How could he, a slave, overcome obstacles which the master, with all his influence, had failed to overcome? At last he gave the desired pass to proceed to the missing boy's command upon this mission of mercy, which was countersigned by the proper authority, and the faithful fellow proceeded on foot toward his destination. What followed, "in weariness and painfulness, in watchings often, in hunger and thirst, in fastings often, in cold and nakedness," would fill a volume. He reached the regiment at last, and carried to many hungry hearts the news of their loved ones at home, but he was told that his quest was in vain; the captain was dead, a Federal surgeon who approached him on the field had found his wounds mortal, had received from him his sword, to be sent home to the young mistress, with fond words of his devotion to the last; he had better return home. But no, he attempted that night to slip through the lines toward the Federal Army; he was caught, brought back, and sentenced to be shot at sunrise. How he was saved, as by a miracle, through the recognition of the officer of the firing squad, and sent back to Wilmington need not be told.

He had formed another desperate resolve--he would go to Orton in the night, and in a frail bateau attempt to pass the picket boats at Fort Anderson and Fort Fisher, and reach the blockading fleet beyond the bar. Perhaps when they heard his story they would take pity and send him North, when he might resume his search. He had crossed the river by the Market Street ferry and was passing through the cotton yard, where several blockade runners were loading their outward cargoes, when a new idea came to him; why could he not go as a steward on a steamer, and, with his wages, reach the North by way of the West Indies? With deferential humility he approached the captain of a steamer, which shall be nameless. He was not an American, neither was he a man in the sense of the noblest work of God; he was the embodiment of a personal devil; he laughed the old man to scorn; he had carried away on previous voyages runaway niggers, who, he said, had stowed away, and he had been obliged to pay for them on his return; the next one he caught at sea on board his ship would wish he had never been born; he didn't need a steward, and he did not doubt his tale of the young master was a lie. As the poor man turned away he was drawn aside by a kindly steward who had overheard the conversation, and, after much discussion and apprehension, he agreed to arrange a secret passage to Bermuda. That night he was stowed away, where it was hoped that the cruel process of fumigation for the discovery of fugitive slaves and deserters from the army, then in vogue before sailing, would not reach him. Cramped by the narrow space which forbade lying down, and deathly seasick, on the second night he crawled out for fresh air, was detected and seized by a passing sailor and reported to the captain. Infuriated by his recognition of the stowaway, he actually stopped the ship and set the poor wretch adrift in a leaky boat, without oars or food or water. It was on the second night after that he heard the mysterious bell and shrieked aloud for deliverance.

Although these qualities were not a common possession, this remarkable instance of a slave's devotion to his owner was not exceptional. There were hundreds and perhaps thousands of such examples, especially on the part of those whose duties were of a domestic nature. It was not the evolution of gentle traits of character, for this man's grandfather had lived and died a savage in the wilds of Africa. It was the result of daily contact with refined and kindly people whom he served, whose characteristic urbanity was unconsciously imitated, and whose consideration for others, which constitutes true politeness, was reflected in their servitor's devotion. I have a pensioner at Orton who is ninety-four years of age. He was the personal servant in his youth of Doctor Porcher, of Charleston. He is as polite as a cultivated Frenchman might be, but he is sincere in speech. He uses at times French phrases. He can tell you in polished language, and with becoming deference, of the grand people of the exclusive set of Charleston of long ago, and his solicitude for your health and for that of everyone connected with you whom he has never heard of is shown in expressions of old-time gentility, but he belongs to a class that is passing away.

I have up to this time refrained from mentioning the fact that we had on board, as passengers, three important personages of the old Navy, whose duty, as they saw it, impelled them to resign their commissions in a service which was dear to them, and to cast in their lot for weal or woe with the fortunes of their native State, which had seceded from the Union. They had served with distinction afloat and around the world upon a noted Confederate war vessel, and they were under orders to report to Secretary Mallory at Richmond. At the time of which I write there were in Nassau and in Bermuda certain spies said to have been in the pay of the Federal Government, and they sometimes succeeded in passing themselves, disguised and under assumed names, as sailors and firemen, but more frequently as stewards on the blockade runners that were not careful enough in the selection of their crew. By this means much valuable information was communicated to the authorities at Washington, and the mysterious loss of several fine blockade runners was attributed to the seditious influence of such persons in time of peril. There were also in each of our foreign ports of refuge a few fanatics, who, contrary to the usages of war, and upon their own initiative and responsibility, attempted the destruction of Confederate steamers at sea by secretly hiding in their bunkers imitation lumps of coal, containing explosives of sufficient power to sink a vessel when this object was shoveled into the furnaces under the boilers. Several such attempts had been frustrated because the deception was clumsy and easily detected in time by the coal passers, and I remember that these nefarious undertakings were frequently discussed by the engineers of our ship.

Meanwhile, I observed with some curiosity that we were off our regular course, and also, with feelings of dismay, that we were approaching a long, low, rakish-looking war vessel, barque-rigged and under steam, which was evidently lying to and awaiting us, but my apprehension was changed to wonder and amazement as I beheld flying apeak the new white flag of the Confederacy. It was a sight I shall never forget; alone upon the wide sea, hunted by a hundred adversaries, the corvette _Florida_, under the gallant Maffitt, had circumnavigated the globe and spread consternation among the merchant marine of the Stars and Stripes without the loss of a man. She was a beautiful vessel and had been handled with consummate skill and daring. There was something pathetic in the object of our meeting, which had been secretly prearranged, for a boat was immediately lowered, into which were placed sundry parcels of opium for the hospital service of the Southern Army, probably from the hold of one of her prizes; and this sympathetic offering from these homeless fellows on the high sea to their sick and wounded comrades in the field hospitals, for the mitigation of their sufferings, appealed strongly to our hearts.

We tarried briefly, dipping in a parting salute to each other our respective ensigns, probably the first and the last time that the conquered banner was used to exchange courtesies with the same flag at sea. The corvette proceeded under her new commander, Capt. Charles M. Morris, cruising near and far until she reached Bahia, Brazil, in which neutral port she was attacked while disarmed, and captured at night by the _Wachusett_, and later, it is said, was conveniently cast away near the last resting place of her famous commander, Captain Maffitt.

Our third and last day at sea began auspiciously, but we were drawing toward the coast much farther north than our usual landfall. At about half past three in the afternoon we were startled by the lookout in the crow's nest, with a lusty "Sail ho!" "Whereaway?" called the officer of the watch. "On the port quarter, sir, heading toward us." We were in a bad position, to the northward of Cape Lookout, but the stranger had not yet perceived us. In our eagerness for more steam, however, the telltale smoke was vomited from our funnels, and in a short time it was evident that we were being overhauled by a faster vessel under crowded canvas and full steam. The rising wind favored him, because we had but two sails, fore and aft, which served to steady us in a seaway, but this added little to our speed. As the stranger drew rapidly nearer, pushing us toward a lee shore, she opened fire with her rifled cannon, and for the first time in my life I heard the scream of a hostile shell as it passed between our funnels and plunged into the sea a half mile beyond. The sensation was most unpleasant; had we been able to return the fire, the excitement of battle must have been exhilarating, but to be hunted like a rabbit and pelted with Parrott shells and 11-inch projectiles was enough to reduce my backbone to such laxation that my trembling knees refused to bear it. The cruiser's aim was deadly, for the 11-inch shells came tumbling end over end with such fearful accuracy that many of them passed only a few feet from my head. Others sent the salt spray flying into our faces; and yet there were, up to six o'clock, no casualties of any importance. The admirable conduct of our naval passengers soon inspired me with courage--such is the influence of veterans beside raw troops--and, strangely enough, as the firing of single batteries was changed to broadsides, my despairful feelings gave way to hope and confidence. Our pursuer was now fairly abeam and sailing the same course. Why she did not destroy us utterly at such short range must have appeared to them incomprehensible, because we easily distinguished without glasses the movements of their gunners and the working of their crew at quarters; and our pursuer must have been surprised at the audacity of our passengers, who tranquilly measured with their watches the intervals between the firing of his projectiles and their passage overhead. They also used their sextants continuously during the chase, and it was doubtless owing to their superior knowledge and fortitude that our commander held on his course in the face of imminent destruction, for, be it remembered, we were loaded to the hatch combings with gunpowder for Lee's army. As the sun sank lower on the horizon, so sank our hopes of escape, for every moment seemed to be drawing us nearer to the end. Even our passengers became disheartened and said at last that it was a useless risk to all the lives on board. They accordingly proceeded to their cabins and destroyed their official papers, and threw overboard some valuable side arms and rifles, and I, by the captain's orders, took the Confederate mail bag and government dispatches to the furnace and saw them go up in smoke. Orders were now given to lower the boats to the rail, for what purpose I do not know, when a strange thing happened. There was a loud explosion in the forward fireroom, not made by the bursting of a shell but accompanied by a cloud of steam. Immediately the stokers and firemen swarmed up the iron ladders to the deck, terror-stricken and bewildered. They had been kept at their work for hours at the point of a pistol in the hands of desperate and determined men, but now, panic-stricken, they rushed aft, not knowing what they would do. Our chief engineer quietly reported the collapse of one of our boilers, cause unknown, steam reduced nearly one-half in consequence, but our slackened speed proved to be the means of our salvation. The sun had gone behind a cloud bank, a mist hung over the land to leeward, our ship, painted the dull grey color of the sand dunes along the shore line, was obscured from the view of the enemy, which was quite visible to us, forging ahead and firing wildly. Our engines were stopped and sails lowered, every eye was upon the cruiser. Would she discover our desperate expedient? Had she done so, I believe our crew would have been ordered to the boats and the _Lilian_ abandoned, with a lighted fuse for her destruction. But the cruiser drew farther away, firing his broadsides at an invisible foe. Cautiously and slowly we limped to windward, crossing the wake of our discomfited antagonist, and laying our course straight and true for Wilmington. It was now eight o'clock in the evening, a hundred miles between us and our dangerous destination, and daylight comes early in the summer months. By the closest calculation we might, without accidents, reach the Cape Fear by sunrise, and then in our disabled condition how could we hope to run the gauntlet of the blockading fleet? It was resolved to do it or die. Fortune had favored us in an extremity, perhaps she would still be kind. We had an anxious night; sleep, even after the excitement and exhaustion of the previous day, was impossible. We saw the first faint streaks of day off Masonboro Sound, where our watchful Gregory picked up the signal lights ashore and passed the word along the beach for our protection by the fort. It was a cloudy morning; on and on we drove the little ship; she seemed to feel the crisis while she labored like a sentient being to meet her fate as speedily as possible. At last, in the friendly haze of dawn, we were among them; blockaders to the right of us, blockaders to the left of us, blockaders ahead of us loomed up like monsters of the deep. Craig coolly but anxiously peered ahead. Long Tom, well forward on the turtleback, whispered the words which a line of picked men reported to the bridge. Again and again we stopped for the passage of a picket barge or gunboat in the darkness ahead, who saw us not, and for the bearings, which in our devious course we had lost in confusion. Once more we slowly proceeded, when suddenly, out of the darkness and close aboard, flashed the fiery train of a rocket, and a deep, commanding voice, just over the side, shouted "Heave to, or I'll sink you." Quickly our bridge responded "Aye, aye, sir, we stop the engines." "Back your engines, sir, and stand by for my boats," called the lusty man-of-war. But our paddles were not reversed. Lockhart said he never heeded such an order with the bar at hand; on the contrary our engines were evidently running away with the ship, and, while the confident blockader, diverted from his guns, was engaged in lowering his boats, the _Lilian_ was gliding away toward the bar. A trail of rockets and Drummond lights and bombshells from the rest of the fleet followed in our wake, but the friendly flash of signals from the fort encouraged us, while Gregory, with his masked lights, revealed to them our steady progress until we anchored under the Confederate guns. It was now broad daylight and the blockading fleet had sullenly withdrawn to a safe distance. We proceeded toward Fort Anderson and came to anchor at quarantine. The clouds had passed away, revealing in the brightness of the morning light the stately white columns of Orton House in the distance. Accompanied by our faithful Scipio and escorted beyond the fort by its courteous Colonel Hedrick, we proceeded in silence through St. Philip's churchyard and the dead colonial town of Brunswick, past Russellboro, where Governor Tryon met the first armed colonists (the cradle of American independence), through the long avenue of oaks, where, looking ahead, we beheld a sight which cheered our hearts; my friend and his daughter surrounded by the yelping hounds returning from a chase, for reynard's brush was at her saddlebow. With mutual exclamations of astonishment and delight we learned that the young captain had written by a flag of truce of his convalescence in a Northern hospital. I will not say the touching words that Scipio heard, as, with hands clasped by master and mistress, and with bowed head, he received their tearful benedictions. My friend has long since gone to his eternal rest and Scipio's white soul soon followed him. They are buried at Orton in a grove where the mocking bird builds its nest and sings; where, above the murmur of the tree tops, which bend to the soft south wind, is heard the distant booming of the sea, and in their death they were not divided.

INDEX

Abaco Light, Federal ships stationed near, 144.

_Ada Iredale_ (_Annie Johnson_), derelict merchant ship, 5, 6.

Adair, Capt. W.F., blockade runner _Antonica_, 107.

_Advance_, blockade runner, ix.

_Agnes E. Fry_, steamer, 241.

_Alapaha_, steamer, 45.

_Albemarle_, Confederate ram, Captain Maffitt ordered to take charge
of, 266;
paper by Captain Maffitt on building of, 202.

_Albert_, U.S.S., 26.

Alexander, Captain, Confederate States Signal Corps, 191.

Allingham, William, quoted, 2-14.

_Alma Cumming_, derelict merchant ship, 8.

_Alonzo_, blockade runner, ix.

_Amalco_, U.S.S., log of gives last information concerning U.S.S.
_Cyclops_, 28, 29.

_Antonica_,[7] derelict blockade runner, 107-109.

_Arabian_, derelict blockade runner, 90.

_Aries_, U.S.S. blockader, 98, 99, 104.

_Arizona_, steamship, damage to, 35.

_Atlantic_, blockade runner, change of name, 61.

_Badger_, derelict blockade runner, 102, 109, 110.

Badham, Captain, Confederate service, 59.

Bahnson, Captain, Confederate service, 59.

Bald Head, wrecks near, 58.

_Banshee_, derelict blockade runner, first steel vessel to cross
Atlantic, 66, 83, 85, 160.

_Banshee_, Number 2, blockade runner, 127.

_Bat_, blockade runner, 102.

Beaufort, N.C., held by Federals, 93, 226.

Beery, Benjamin, 168.

_Bendigo_, derelict blockade runner, 105, 106.

_Bergitte_, derelict merchant ship, 7.

Bermuda, Federal spies in, 276.

Bertholf, Commodore E.P., letter by, 18-20.

Bier, Capt. George H., blockade runner Dee, 81.

Blake, Capt. Eugene, jr., U.S.S. _Seminole_, official report by,
42-47.

Blockade, Federal, effectiveness of, xii.

Blockaders, names of:
_Aries_, 98, 99, 104;
_Boston_, 203;
_Cambridge_, 60, 81;
_Cherokee_, 133;
_Connecticut_, 103, 104;
_Daylight_, 98, 99, 106;
_Fahkee_, 106;
_Florida_, 54, 55, 56, 76, 252;
_Fort Jackson_, 103, 106;
_Gettysburg_, 203;
_Glaucus_, ix;
_Governor Buckingham_, 98, 99, 107;
_Howquah_, 79;
_Iron Age_, 87, 106;
_James Adger_, 195;
_Keystone State_, ix, 99, 134, 198, 203;
_Minnesota_, 91;
_Montgomery_, 104, 106;
_Nansemond_, 62, 80, 85, 86;
_New Berne_, 133, 139, 142;
_Niphon_, 84, 86, 90, 91, 137, 138, 143;
_Penobscot_, 119;
_Quaker City_, 99, 102, 133;
_Sassacus_, 82, 83;
_Shenandoah_, 94, 141;
_Shokokon_, 91;
_Stars and Stripes_, 60;
_Tuscarora_, 79, 99;
stations of, 57, 224.

Blockade runners, advantages of Wilmington, N.C., as port for, 94, 223;
cargoes of, 52, 53, 58, 59, 60, 61, 66, 80,
81, 82, 83, 87, 103, 108, 118, 133, 138, 141, 144, 148, 170, 173, 219;
Halifax, N.S., rendezvous of blockade runners escaping from Federal
prisons, 38;
losses through destruction of, 52;
number of (1863), 88, 89;
number of wrecks on Cape Fear coast of, 51-152;
type of construction of, 87, 105, 106, 107, 120, 130, 131, 265, 266.

Blockade running, advantages of North Carolina coast for, 57;
effect of Gulf Stream on, 225, 226;
methods of, 57.

Bonneau, Capt. F.N., blockade runner _Ella_ and _Annie_, quoted, 142;
rams U.S.S. _Niphon_, 137, 140, 143.

_Boston_, U.S. blockader, 203.

Braine, Lieut.-Commander D.L., U.S.S. _Monticello_, official report
by, 167-170.

Breck, Acting Master J.B., U.S.S. _Niphon_, official reports by,
140-143.

Brown, Governor Joseph (Georgia), part owner of blockade runner
_Florie_, 109.

Brunswick, N.C. (colonial), 169, 284.

_Bulldog_, British gunboat, 218.

Burgoyne, Capt. Hugh, loses life on British man-of-war _Captain_, runs
the blockade, 160, 163, 165.

Burroughs, Captain, blockade runner _North Heath_, 112-114;
_Cornubia_, 192, 193.

Butler's powder ship, 162.

_Cambridge_, U.S.S. blockader, 60, 81.

Camp Brown, fort, location of, 169.

Cantwell, Edward, 63.

_Cape Fear_, derelict blockade runner, 112.

Cape Fear blockade, accounts of, 57-59, 224, 225.

Cape Fear River, approaches to, 223, 266; forts on, 169.

Capper, Captain, blockade runner, 67, 70, 71.

_Captain_, man-of-war, capsizing of, 33, 165.

Carolina Beach, wrecks near, 79.

Caswell, Fort, 57, 61, 65, 72, 73, 102, 103, 116, 117, 118, 135,
174, 210, 266.

_Celestina_, derelict merchant ship, 10, 11.

_C.E. Morrison_, derelict merchant ship, 10.

_Chambers's Edinburgh Journal_, quoted, 2-14, 250-262.

_Chameleon_, blockade runner, xii.

_Cherokee_, U.S.S. blockader, 133.

_Chickamauga_, Confederate warship, 38.

_City of Boston_, lost liner, 22, 24.

_City of Glasgow_, lost liner, 24.

_City of Paris_, steamship, damage to, 32, 33.

Clark, Chief Justice Walter, mentioned, ix;
quoted, xi, xii.

Clitz, Commander J.M.B., U.S.S. gunboat _Penobscot_, official report
by, 171.

Clover, Admiral Richardson, U.S. hydrographer, 4.

_Coamo_, steamer, aid in rescue of steamer _Korona_ by, 43.

Coast Guard, U.S., coast service of in derelict destruction, 20;
intended international service of in derelict destruction, 19;
rescue service of, 41-49.

_Condor_, British gunboat, lost, 24.

_Condor_, derelict blockade runner, 127, 131, 152.

Confederacy, lack of navy by, x, xi;
several times on eve of success, xi.

Confederate flag, experiences of Captain Whiting with, 216, 217;
meeting of the _Lilian_ at sea with, 278.

Confederate Government, need of powder by, 241;
purchase of _Virginia_ by, 112;
purchase of _Cornubia_ by, 192;
purchase of _Douro_ by, 79;
purchase of _Giraffe_ by, 191;
seizure of _North Heath_ by, 114.

Confederate money, depreciation of, 174, 175, 228.

Confederate Navy Department, orders to Capt. John N. Maffitt by, 110,
111, 212.

Confederate States, commissariat of sustained by blockade runners, 53.

Confederate States Signal Corps, work of, 189-198.

Confederate steamers, attempts of fanatics to destroy, 277.

_Connecticut_, U.S.S., blockader, 103.

Contrabands, intelligent, information secured from, 109, 167-175.

_Cornubia_, derelict blockade runner, 112, 137, 191-195.
See also _Lady Davis_.

Coxetter, Captain, blockade runner _Antonica_, 108;
_Fannie and Jennie_, 54, 55.

Craig, Rev. James William, Cape Fear pilot, 95, 267, 268, 283.

Crosby, Capt. Peirce, U.S.S. _Florida_, 54, 56, 76, 77;
U.S.S. _Keystone State_, 203.

Cushing, Lieut. W.B., U.S.S. _Shokokon_, 91.

_Cyclops_, U.S.S. collier, loss of, 25-29.

_Dare_, derelict blockade runner, 104, 105.

_David G. Worth_, lost freighter, 21.

Davis, Hon. George, Attorney-General of the Confederacy, quoted, 53.

Davis, President Jefferson, commissioners sent to England by, xi;
issue of thanksgiving proclamation by, 173.

_Daylight_, U.S.S. blockader, 98, 99, 106.

_Dee_, derelict blockade runner, 81, 82.

_Delhi_, steamship, stranding of, 33.

Derelict blockade runners, accounts of, 51-153.

Derelict blockade runners, accounts of individual ships:
_Antonica_, 107-109;
_Badger_, 109, 110;
_Banshee_, 83-85;
_Bendigo_, 105, 106;
_Cape Fear_, 112;
_Cornubia_, 191-195;
_Dare_, 104, 105;
_Dee_, 81, 82;
_Don_, 81;
_Douro_, 79, 80;
_Elizabeth_, 61, 62;
_Ella_, 57-59;
_Ella and Annie_, 136-143;
_Emily of London_, 55, 56;
_Fannie and Jennie_, 53-55;
_Florie_, 109;
_General Beauregard_, 78, 79;
_Georgiana McCaw_, 62-66;
_Hebe_, 90-93;
_Kate_, 114-118;
_Kate_, second, 118, 119;
_Lynx_, escape of, 95-97;
_Modern Greece_, 59-61;
_Night Hawk_, 119-130;
_North Heath_, 112-114;
_Nutfield_, 82, 83;
_Phantom_, 103, 104;
_Pevensey_, 131-136;
_Ranger_, 97-100, 101-102;
_Spunkie_, 102, 103;
_Venus_, 85-88;
_Vesta_, 97, 100, 101;
_Wild Dayrell_, 72-78.

Derelict destroyers, 7.

Derelict merchant ships, accounts of individual ships:
_Ada Iredale_ (_Annie Johnson_), 6;
_Alma Cumming_, 8;
_Birgitte_, 7;
_Celestina_, 10, 11;
_C.E. Morrison_, 10;
_Drisko_, 14;
_Duncow_, 6;
_Falls of Afton_, 6;
_Fannie E. Wolston_, 16, 17;
_Glenalvon_, 9;
_Korea_, 9;
_L.E. Cann_, 9, 10;
_Louise_, 8;
_Marie Celeste_, 11;
_Resolute_, H.M.S., 13, 14;
_Savannah_, 41;
_Siddartha_, 7;
_Vila_, 10;
_W.L. White_, 5.

Derelicts, accounts of, 1-17;
drift of, 5, 7, 8, 13, 16, 17;
failure to destroy, 1, 2;
fictitious accounts of, 11-13;
life of, 4, 5, 6, 8;
number of, 3, 4;
United States destruction of asked by international agreement, 18, 19.

DeRosset, Doctor, 62.

DeRosset, Mrs. A.J., work for convalescent soldiers by, 229.

Deserters, condition of, 175;
treatment of, 230, 231.

Devens, Lieut. Edward F., U.S.S. _Aries_, official report by, 100, 101.

Diamond Shoals, buoy at, 43.

_Dispatch_, blockade runner, 66.

Doggett, Lieutenant, Confederate States Signal Corps, 192.

_Don_, derelict blockade runner, 81, 164, 177.

_Douro_, derelict blockade runner, 62, 79, 80, 87, 90.

_Doyle_, Capt. Austin, British steamer _Korona_, 47.

_Drisko_, derelict merchant ship, 14.

_Duncow_, derelict merchant ship, 6.

_Ella_, derelict blockade runner, 57-59.

_Ella and Annie_, blockade runner, capture of, 136, 137, 143;
named changed, 137.

_Elizabeth_, derelict blockade runner, 61, 62, 106.

_Emily of London_, derelict blockade runner, 55, 56.

_Emily St. Pierre_, British ship, account of, 250-262.

_Etruria_, steamship, swept by tidal wave, 36.

_Eugénie_, blockade runner, ix, 240, 241.

Everson, Acting Master, U.S.S. _Victoria_, official report by, 64-66.

_Fahkee_, U.S.S. blockader, 106.

_Falcon_, blockade runner, 131.

_Falls of Afton_, derelict merchant ship, 6.

_Fannie and Jessie_, derelict blockade runner, 53-55, 56.

_Fannie E. Wolston_, derelict merchant ship, 16, 17.

Fayetteville, N.C., making of arms and ammunition at, 169.

Fisher, Fort, 54, 57, 60, 61, 68, 74, 78, 80, 83, 91, 92, 93, 95,
97, 112, 114, 120, 141, 157, 161, 162, 173, 174, 175, 192, 209, 224,
231, 263, 266.

_Flamingo_, blockade runner, 131.

_Flora_, blockade runner, 196.

_Florida_, U.S.S., blockader, 54, 55, 56, 76, 252.

_Florida_, Confederate ship, captured by U.S.S. _Wachusetts_, 278;
cruise of, 202, 277;
failure of Commander Preble to capture, 205-208;
formerly _Oreto_, 215;
meets _Lilian_ on high seas, 277, 278;
remarkable escape into Mobile Bay, 205-207.

_Florie_, derelict blockade runner, 109.

_Fort Jackson_, U.S.S., blockader, 103, 106.

Forts, see Camp Brown, Caswell, Fisher, Mount Tirza, St. Philip.

Foster, Capt. James, U.S.S. _James Adger_, 195.

Fraser, Trenholm & Company, owners of _Emily St. Pierre_, 251.

Fry, Capt. Joseph, in command of _Agnes E. Fry_, 241;
_Eugénie_, 240;
Confederate gunboat _Morgan_, 241;
_Virginius_, 241;
sketch of life and death of, 239-244.

Frying Pan Shoals, buoy at, 46;
wrecks near, 107, 108.

Gale, Captain, blockade runner _Lady Davis_, 194, 195.

_General Beauregard_, derelict blockade runner, 78, 79.

_Georgiana McCaw_, derelict blockade runner, 62-66.

_Gettysburg_, U.S.S., blockader, 203.

Gift, Lieut. George W., blockade runner _Ranger_, 97;
official report by, 101, 102.

_Giraffe_, blockade runner, name changed, 226;
purchased by Confederate Government, 191.

_Glenalvon_, derelict merchant ship, 9.

_Governor Buckingham_, U.S.S., blockader, 98, 99, 107.

Greenhow, Mrs. Rose O'Neal, aid given Confederacy by, 148-153;
death of, 131, 153, 161;
imprisoned in Old Capitol Prison, 151.

Gregory, Frederick W., Confederate States Signal Corps, character
of, 190;
mentioned, 187, 267, 269, 284;
quoted, 191-193, 194-200.

Grosvenor, Gilbert H., editor _National Geographic Magazine_,
quoted, 14-17.

Gulf Stream, effect on blockade running, 225, 226.

Guthrie, Captain, 112.

Halifax, Nova Scotia, rendezvous of blockade runners escaping from
Federal prisons, 38.

Hamilton, Prof. J.G. deRoulhac, v, 53.

Harris, Lieut. T.A., U.S.S. _New Berne_, official report by, 132-135.

_Hebe_, derelict blockade runner, 80, 87, 90-93.

Herring, Robert, Confederate States Signal Corps, 191.

Hewett, Admiral, British Navy, runs the blockade, 127, 131, 160, 163,
165.

Hobart, Captain, blockade runner _Don_, 81, 160, 163, 164, 177, 178.

Hobart Pasha. See Hobart, Captain.

Holcombe, Professor, rescued from drowning, 161.

Hone, Major, 187.

Horner, Captain, blockade runner _Flora_, 196.

Horner, Joseph, quoted, 21-25, 30-37.

_Howquah_, U.S.S., blockader, 79.

_Huronian_, lost liner, 24.

Hydrographic Office, U.S., work regarding derelicts, 4, 7, 16, 17.

_Index_, blockade runner, account of, 196, 197.

_Integrity_, finding of valuable derelict by, 9.

Intelligent contrabands. See Contrabands, intelligent.

_Iron Age_, U.S.S., blockader, 87, 106.

_Ionian_, steamer, damaged by collision with derelict, 9.

_James Adger_, U.S.S., blockader, capture of _Emily St. Pierre_ by,
251, 252;
capture of _Lady Davis_ by, 195.

_James T. Petteway_, Confederate transport, 118.

Jordan, Adj.-Gen. Thomas, Confederate Army, 149.

_Kate_, derelict blockade runner, 114-118, 120, 170, 173, 213, 214, 219.

_Kate_, second, derelict blockade runner, 118, 119.

_Keystone State_, U.S.S., blockader, 99, 134, 198, 203.

_Korea_, derelict merchant ship, 9.

_Korona_, British steamer, account of rescue by U.S.S. _Seminole_,
41-49;
aid of steamer _Coamo_ in rescue of, 43;
letter of Alexander Sprunt & Son relative to rescue of, 47, 48;
letter of Franklin D. Roosevelt relative to rescue of, 48, 49.

_Lady Davis_, blockade runner, capture of, 194-196;
former name of, 112, 137.

Lamar, Col. C.A.L., part owner of blockade runner _Florie_, 109.

Lamb, Col. William, commander of Fort Fisher, 67, 69, 85, 93, 97, 157,
173, 193, 197, 231;
quoted, 157-163.

Lamb, Mrs. William, story of devotion of, 157-163.

Lamson, Lieutenant, U.S.S. _Nansemond_, official report by, 85-87.

_Lancaster_, finding of derelict by, 9.

Lawley, Francis C., correspondent of _London Times_, 160.

_L.E. Cann_, derelict merchant ship, 9, 10.

Lee, Gen. R.E., loss of gift sword for, 55.

Lee, Admiral S.P., U.S. Navy, commanding North Atlantic Blockading
Squadron, 74, 78, 106, 135, 143;
official reports by, 98-100, 135, 136, 137-139.

Lights. See Range Lights.

_Lilian_, blockade runner, account of last successful run of, 263-285;
capture of, 38, 203;
chase of, 94, 95, 264, 265, 279-284;
mentioned, ix, 39, 177, 202;
quarantine experiences of, 181-188.

_Loch Torridon_, steamship, swept by tidal wave, 36.

Lockwood, Capt. Thomas J., blockade runner _Elizabeth_, 61;
_Kate_, 115, 116, 117, 213.

Lockwood's Folly, wrecks near, 52, 61, 106.

_London_, sinking of, 22.

Long, Joseph Brown, 131, 134.

Lorraine, Sir Lambton, captain British man-of-war, _Niobe_, rescue of
part of crew of steamer _Virginius_ by, 244, 245.

Lost Liners, accounts of, 21-40;
financial losses by, 23;
number of, 22;
number of lives lost on, 23.

Lost liners, accounts of individual ships:
_City of Boston_, 22, 24;
_City of Glasgow_, 24;
_Cyclops_, 25-29;
_David G. Worth_, 21;
_Huronian_, 24;
_Naronic_, 24, 25;
_Pacific_, 22, 24, 35;
_Pericles_, 35;
_President_, 22, 23, 24;
_Tempest_, 24;
_Thanemore_, 22.

_Louise_, derelict merchant ship, 8.

Lumina, N.C., wreck near, 55.

_Lynx_, derelict blockade runner, 95-97, 102, 110.

McCaleb, Flora, 112.

McCrae, Lieut.-Col. John, quoted, vii.

McDonald, Captain, ship _Storm King_, 184, 185, 186, 188.

McDougal, George C., character of, 61;
mentioned, 115, 116, 118;
quoted, 213-219.

Macon, Fort, 134.

Maffitt, Eugene, 188.

Maffitt, Capt. John Newland, account of activities in Confederate Navy,
201-212;
attempts to enter forts taken by Federals, 209, 210;
character and ability of, 203, 204;
daring run of, 143-148; dispute with American consul at Nassau, 216;
finding of last port closed, 199, 201, 202;
in command of _Lilian_, 39, 266;
of _Owl_, xii, 110;
last voyage in command of _Owl_, 208-212;
mentioned, 109, 111;
orders to, 110, 212, 266;
paper on building of ram _Albemarle_, 202;
regard of Federal officers for, 203, 204;
remarkable run into Mobile Bay on _Florida_ by, 205-207;
rescue of Spanish barque by, 145, 146;
takes
charge of ram _Albemarle_, 266;
of _Oreto_ (_Florida_), 215, 278.

Malingerers, stories about, 177-179.

Mallory, Hon. S.R., Secretary of Confederate Navy, mentioned, 276;
order by, 110, 111.

_Malvern_, U.S.S., blockader, 137.

_Maratanza_, U.S.S., blockader, 170, 171.

_Margaret and Jessie_, blockade runner, normal experience of, 235-237.

_Margaret and Jessie_, U.S.S., former blockade runner, 137, 198.

_Marie Celeste_, derelict merchant ship, 11.

_Mariner_, tug, runs the blockade, 173, 174.

Marshall, Captain, blockade runner _Index_, 196, 197, 198.

Martin, Captain, blockade runner _Susan Beirne_, 199.

Martin, Alfred, 62.

Martin, E.S., 62, 63, 64, 210.

_Mary Celeste_, blockade runner, 219.

Masonboro Inlet, wrecks near, 56, 80, 81, 87, 90.

Masonboro Sound, wrecks near, 90.

Maury, Gen. Dabney H., 241.

_Merrimac_, Confederate ironclad, x.

Meteorological Office, British, work regarding derelicts, 4.

_Minnesota_, U.S.S., blockader, 91, 92, 102.

_Modern Greece_, derelict blockade runner, 59-61, 173.

_Montgomery_, U.S.S., blockader, 104, 106.

_Morgan_, Confederate gunboat, 241.

Morrelle, Doctor, 63.

Morris, Capt. Charles M., Confederate ship _Florida_, 278.

"Mound," Colonel Lamb erects, 231;
range lights on, 231-233.

Mount Tirza, Fort, location of, 169.

Munn, Captain, 91, 92.

Murray-Aynsley, Admiral, British Navy, 160, 164, 165, 166.

_Nansemond_, U.S.S., blockader, 62, 80, 86, 87.

_Naronic_, lost liner, 24, 25.

_Narrative of a Blockade Runner_, extracts from, 221-231.

Nassau, British port of blockade runners, 71, 79, 170, 237;
Federal spies in, 276;
incidents in, 213-219.

_Naval History of the Civil War_, extracts from, 203-207.

Navy, Federal, contribution to success of North in Civil War, x, xii.

Near derelict, account of, 143-148.

New Berne, N.C., 93.

_New Berne_, U.S.S., blockader, 133, 139, 142.

New Inlet, mentioned, 57, 60, 63, 80, 83, 90, 103, 119, 122, 138, 196;
wrecks near, 59, 152, 170.

_Night Hawk_, derelict blockade runner, 119-130, 152, 160.

_Niobe_, British man-of-war, rescue of part of crew of steamer
_Virginius_ by, 244-245.

_Niphon_, U.S.S., blockader, 84, 86, 90, 91, 137, 138, 139, 140, 142,
143.

_Normania_, steamship, swept by tidal wave, 36.

North American Blockading Squadron, 90.

_North Carolina_, Confederate gunboat, building of, 168.

North Carolina coast, advantages for blockade running, 57, 223.

_Northfleet_, sinking of, 22.

_North Heath_, derelict blockade runner, ix, 112-114.

_Nutfield_, derelict blockade runner, 82, 83.

Nutt, Henry, 63.

Old Capitol Prison, Mrs. Greenhow imprisoned in, 151.

Old Inlet, mentioned, 57.

_Oreto._ See _Florida_, Confederate ship.

_Owl_, blockade runner, 102, 199, 208-212.

_Pacific_, lost liner, 22, 24, 35.

_Penobscot_, U.S.S., blockader, 119, 171.

_Pericles_, steamship, destruction of, 35.

Peters, W.H.C., Confederate Government agent in Wilmington, 111.

_Pevensey_, derelict blockade runner, 131-136.

_Phantom_, derelict blockade runner, 90, 102, 103, 104.

Porcher, Doctor, 275.

Porter, Admiral David D., U.S. Navy, commander attacks on Fort Fisher,
162, 209;
quoted, 204-207.

Preble, Commander, U.S. Navy, failure to capture Confederate ship
_Florida_, 205-208.

_President_, lost liner, 22, 23, 24.

Prioleau, Charles K., 262.

_Ptarmigan_, blockade runner, 131.

_Quaker City_, U.S.S., blockader, 99, 102, 133.

Quarantine experiences of blockade runner _Lilian_, 181-188.

Range lights, along Southern coast, 231;
on the "Mound," 231-233.

_Ranger_, derelict blockade runner, 97-100, 101, 102.

Reed, Captain, blockade runner _Lynx_, 95-97.

_R.E. Lee_, blockade runner, successful deception by, 226, 227.

_Resolute_ (British), derelict merchant ship, 13, 14.

Ridgely, Captain, U.S.S. _Shenandoah_, 78.

Roberts, Captain. See Hobart.

Roberts, Lieutenant, captain of the _President_ and the _Sirius_, 23.

Roe, Lieut.-Commander F.A., U.S.S. _Sassacus_, official report by,
75-78.

Roosevelt, Hon. Franklin D., letter relative to rescue of steamer
_Korona_ from, 48, 49;
order declaring _Cyclops_ lost signed by, 29.

_Rosario_, steamship, swept by tidal wave, 36.

_Rouen_, blockade runner, capture of, 198.

_Royal Charter_, sinking of, 22.

Russellboro, N.C. (colonial), 284.

St. Philip, Fort, location of, 169.

_San Francisco_, destruction of a derelict by, 14.

_Sassacus_, U.S.S., blockader, 74-77, 82, 83.

_Savannah_, derelict merchant ship, 41.

Scharf, Colonel, mentioned, 202;
quoted, 231.

Scipio, family servant, story of, 271-275, 285.

Scotch brig, story of capture in 1813, 247-249.

Seddon, Hon. James A., Confederate Secretary of War, 91, 93.

_Seminole_, U.S.S., rescue work of, 41-49.

Semmes, Captain, mentioned, 203, 204.

_Shenandoah_, U.S.S., blockader, abstract log of, 264, 265;
chases _Lilian_, 78, 94, 95;
mentioned, 141.

Ships, causes of destruction of, 30-40;
damage by tidal waves to, 36, 37;
malicious destruction of, 9, 10, 37-40.

_Shokokon_, U.S.S., blockader, 91.

_Siddartha_, derelict barque, 7.

_Sirius_, first English-owned steamer to cross Atlantic, 23.

Smith, Capt. C.G., quoted, 235-237.

Smith's Island, 223.

Smithville, N.C. See Southport, N.C.

_Southern Historical Papers_, extracts from, 157-163.

Southport, N.C., mentioned, 223, 230;
wrecks near, 115.

Spanish barque, rescue by Captain Maffitt of, 145, 146.

Spanish Government, recognition of American rights to steamer
_Virginius_ by, 246.

Spies, Federal, in Bermuda and Nassau, 276.

Sprunt, Alexander, 63.

Sprunt, Alexander & Son, letter relative to rescue of steamer
_Korona_ from, 47, 48.

_Spunkie_, derelict blockade runner, 102, 103.

_Stars and Stripes_, U.S.S., blockader, 60.

Steele, Captain, blockade runner _Banshee_, 84;
mentioned, 74, 163.

_Storm King_, 184, 185.

Stubbs, Captain, blockade runner _Kate_, second, 118.

_Susan Beirne_, blockade runner, ix, 199.

_Tallahassee_, Confederate warship, 38.

Taylor, Thomas E., escapes from Federal captors, 160, 161;
mentioned, 153;
quoted, 67-74, 83-85, 120-130, 163-166.

_Tempest_, lost liner, 24.

Terry, General, commands land attack on Fort Fisher, 209.

_Thanemore_, lost liner, 22.

Three-funnel boats, account of, 130, 131.

Tidal waves, ships damaged by, 36, 37.

_Titanic_, iceberg causes sinking of, 15.

Topsail Inlet, wrecks near, 52, 75.

_Tornado_, Spanish man-of-war, capture of steamer _Virginius_ by, 243.

_Tuscarora_, U.S.S., blockader, 79, 99.

_Umbria_, steamship, swept by tidal wave, 36.

Usina, Capt. Michael, quoted, 108, 109.

_Venus_, derelict blockade runner, 85-88, 90, 166.

_Vesta_, derelict blockade runner, 97, 100, 101.

_Vila_, derelict merchant ship, 10.

_Virgin_, steamer. See _Virginius_.

_Virginia_, blockade runner, name changed, 112.

_Virginius_, steamer, barbarous treatment of officers and crew by
Spaniards, 243, 244;
capture of, 243;
recognition by Spanish Government of American rights to, 246;
rescue of part of crew of, 244, 245;
sale of, 242;
sinking of, 246.

Vizetelly, Frank, correspondent of _London Illustrated News_, 160, 163.

Vogel, Capt. Leo, 187.

_Vulture_, blockade runner, 131.

_Wachusett_, U.S.S., capture of C.S. _Florida_ by, 278.

Walker, Maj. Norman S., Confederate agent, 131, 134.

_Wartah_, steamship, capsizing of, 33, 34.

Welles, Hon. Gideon, Secretary U.S. Navy, 100, 136, 142, 225.

Western Bar of Cape Fear River, 223, 236.

Whiting, American consul at Nassau, dispute with Captain Maffitt, 216;
experience with Confederate flag, 216, 217.

Whiting, Gen. W.H.C., commander Confederate forces in Wilmington, 91;
mentioned, 67, 162, 191, 192;
official report by, 91-93.

Whitworth guns, 54, 58, 83, 91, 92, 93, 134, 170, 193, 197.

_Wild Dayrell_, derelict blockade runner, 66, 72-78.

Wilkes, Commodore, 108, 109.

Wilkinson, Capt. John, account of activities in Confederate Navy,
221-227;
commander blockade runner _Chameleon_, xii;
C.S. steamer, _R.E. Lee_, 221;
quoted, 221-231, 231-233.

_Will-o'-the-Wisp_, blockade runner, 121.

Williams, Robert, 198.

Williams, Capt. Thomas, 21.

Wilmington, N.C., advantages as port for blockade runners, 57, 94,
223, 266;
approaches to, 266;
Confederate troops stationed in and around, 92, 174;
construction of Confederate ships at, 172, 174;
effect of the war on, 227-229.

Wilmington Historical and Literary Society, investigations by, 62-64.

Wilson, Captain, blockade runner _Margaret and Jessie_, 235, 236.

Wilson, Rev. Doctor, father of the President, 62.

Wilson, Capt. William, account of exploits with ship _Emily St.
Pierre_, 250-262.

Wise, Captain, blockade runner _Cape Fear_, 112.

_W.L. White_, derelict merchant ship, 5.

Wood, Doctor, 63.

Wrightsville Beach, wrecks near, 51, 56.

_Yamacraw_, Coast Guard cutter, 45.

FOOTNOTES:

[Footnote 7: Stranded blockade runners are indexed in this book as derelict blockade runners.]