Chapter I: Part I: Chinook--English

A.

Ah-ha, _adv._
Yes.

Ahn-kut-te, or Ahn-kot-tie.
Formerly; before now.
With the accent prolonged on the first syllable, a long time ago.
Ex. Ahnkutte lakit sun, four days ago;
tenas ahnkutte, a little while since.

Al-ah.
Expression of surprise.
Ex. Alah mika chahko! ah, you've come!

Al-kie.
Presently; in a little while; hold on; not so fast.

Al-ta.
Now; at the present time.

A-mo-te.
The strawberry.

An-ah, _interj._
An exclamation denoting pain, displeasure or depreciation.
Ex. Anah nawitka mika halo shem; ah, indeed you are without shame.

Ats, _n._
A sister younger than the speaker.

A-yah-whul, _v._
To lend; borrow.

B.

Be-be.
A word used toward children; a kiss; to kiss.

Bed, _n._
A bed.

Bit or Mit.
A dime.

Bloom, _n._
A broom.
Mamook bloom, to sweep.

Boat.
A boat, as distinguished from a canoe.

Bos-ton, _n._, _adj._
An American.
Boston illahie, the United States.

Bur-dash.
An hermaphrodite.

C.

Cal-li-peen, _n._
A rifle.

Ca-nim, _n._
A canoe.
Canim stick, the cedar, or wood from which canoes are usually made.

Ca-po.
A coat.

Chah-ko.
To come; to become.
Ex. Kanish mika chahko? when did you come?
Chahko kloshe, to get well.

Chack-chack.
The bald eagle.

Chee.
Lately; just now; new.
Chee nika ko, I have just arrived.
Hyas chee, entirely new.

Chet-lo or Jet-lo, _n._
An oyster.

Chet-woot.
A black bear.

Chick-a-min, _n._, _adj._
Iron; metal; metallic.
T'kope chikamin, silver; pil chickamin, gold or copper.
Chickamin lope, wire; a chain.

Chik-chik.
A wagon or cart.

Chil-chil.
Buttons.

Chitsh, _n._
A grandmother.

Chope, _n._
A grandfather.

Cho-tub, _n._
A flea.

Chuck, _n._
Water; a river or stream.
Salt chuck, the sea.
Skookum chuck, a rapid.
Solleks chuck, a rough sea.
Chuck chahko or kalipi, the tide rises or falls;
saghilli and keekwillie chuck, high and low tide.

Chuck-kiu.
To kick.

Close.
See Kloshe.

Cly, _v._
To cry.

Cole, _adj._
Cold.
Cole illahie, winter.
Icht cole, a year.
Cole sick waum sick, the fever and ague.

Comb.
A comb.
Mamook comb, to comb.
Mamook comb illahie, to harrow.

Coo-ley.
To run.
Cooley kiuatan, a race-horse.
Yahka hyas kumtuks cooley, he can _i.e._ knows how to run well.

Coop-coop, _n._
Shell money.
See Hykwa.

Co-sho, _n._
A hog; pork.
Siwash cosho, a seal.

Cultus, _adj._
Worthless; good for nothing; without purpose.
Ex. Cultus man, a worthless fellow;
cultus potlatch, a present or free gift;
cultus heehee, a jest; merely laughing;
cultus nannitsh, to look around;
cultus mitlite, to sit idle;
cultus klatawa, to stroll.
_Ques._ What do you want? _Ans._ Cultus, _i.e._ nothing.

D.

De-late.
Straight; direct.
Ex. Klatawa delate, go straight; delate wauwau, tell the truth.

Di-aub.
The devil.

Dely.
Dry.
Chahko dely, to become dry; mamook dely, to dry.

Doc-tin.
A doctor.

Dol-la.
A dollar; money.
Chikamin dolla, silver;
pil dolla, gold;
dolla siaghost, spectacles.

E.

Eh-kah-nam, _n._
A tale or story.

Eh-ko-li, _n._
A whale.

Ee-na, _n._
A beaver.
Eena stick (literally beaver wood), the willow.

Ee-na-poo or In-a-poo.
A louse.
Sopen inapoo, a flea.

Ek-keh.
A brother-in-law.

E-la-han.
Aid; assistance; alms.
Mamook elahan, to help.

E-lip.
First; before.
Elip lolo chuck, in the first place carry water;
elip kloshe, best;
elip tilikum, the first people.

Elite.
A slave.

E-salt'h.
Indian corn or maize.

G.

Get-up.
To get up; rise.

Glease.
Grease.
Hyiu glease, very fat;
too-toosh glease, butter.

H.

Hah-lakl.
Wide, open.
Ex. Mamook hahlakl la pote, open the door.

Haht-haht, _n._
The mallard duck.

Hak-at-shum, _n._
Handkerchief.

Halo.
None; absent.
_Q._ Halo salmon mika? have you no fish? _A._ Halo, none.
_Q._ Kah mika papa? where is your father? _A._ Halo, he is out.
Halo wind, breathless; dead.
Halo glease, lean.
Halo iktas, poor; destitute.

Haul, _v._
To haul or pull.

Hee-hee, _n._
Laughter; amusement.
Cultus hee-hee, fun;
mamook hee-hee, to amuse;
hee-hee house, any place of amusement, as a tavern, bowling alley, etc.

Hoh-hoh, _n._, _v._
To cough.

Hool-hool, _n._
A mouse.
Hyas hool-hool, a rat.

House, _n._
A house.
Mahkook house, a store.

Howh.
Turn to; hurry.

How-kwutl.
Inability.
Ex. Howkwutl nika klatawa? how could I go?

Hul-lel, _v._, _n._
To shake.

Hul-o-i-ma.
Other; another; different.
Ex. Huloima tillikum, a different tribe or people;
hyas huloima, very different.

Humm, _n._, _v._
A stink or smell, to stink.
Humm opootsh, a skunk.

Hunl-kik.
Curled or curly; knotted; crooked.

Huy-huy, _n._, _v._
To barter or trade.
Ex. Huyhuy la sille, change the saddle;
huyhuy tumtum, to change one's mind.

Hwah.
Surprise or admiration, also earnestness.

Hy-ak.
Swift; fast; quickly; hurry; make haste.

Hyas.
Large; great; very.
Hyas tyee, a great chief;
hyas mahcook, a great price; dear;
hyas ankutte, a long time ago;
hyas closhe, very good.

Hy-iu.
Much, many, plenty, enough.
Hyiu tillicum, a crowd; many people;
hyiu muckamuck, plenty to eat;
tenas hyiu, some, few;
wake hyiu, not many or not much.

Hy-kwa.
The shell money of the Pacific Coast.

I.

Ik-kik.
A fish-hook.

Ik-poo-ie.
To shut.
Ikpooie la pote, shut the door;
mamook ikpooie, to surround;
ikpooie kwillan, deaf.

Ikt.
One, once.
Ikt man, a man;
ikt nika klatawa copa yahka house, I have been once to his house.

Ik-tah.
What.
Iktah okook? what is that?
iktah mika tikegh? what do you want?
iktah? well, what now?

Ikta-hs.
Goods; merchandise.
Hyiu iktahs, a great many goods or merchandise.

Il-la-hie, _n._
The ground; the earth; dirt.
Tipso illahie, prairie;
saghillie illahie; mountains or high land; heaven.
Hy-iu illahie kopa, dirty (literally much dirt upon).

In-a-poo.
A louse.
Sopen inapoo, a flea.

In-a-ti.
Across; opposite to; on the other side of.
Inati chuck, on the other side of the river;
klatawa inati, to cross over.

Ip-soot.
To hide one's self or anything; to keep secret.
Ipsoot klatawa, to steal off;
ipsoot wau-wau, to whisper.

Is-ick, _n._
A paddle.
Mamook isick, to paddle.

Is-ick stick, _n._
The Ash.
Literally paddle wood.

Is-kum, _v._
To take; take hold of; hold; get.
Iskum okook lope, hold on to that rope;
mika na iskum? did you get it?

It-lan, _n._
A fathom.

It-lo-kum, _n._
The game of "hand".
Mamook itlokum, to gamble.

Itl-wil-lie, _n._
The flesh; meat of any animal.
Konaway nika itlwillie sick, all my flesh is sore.

Itswooat.
A black bear.
Itswooat paseesie, thick dark cloth or blankets.

K.

Kah.
Where; whither, whence.
Kah mika mitlite? where do you live?
konaway kah, everywhere;
hahkah, here and there.

Kah-kah.
A crow.

Kah-kwa, _adv._
Like, similar to; equal with.
Ex. Kahkwa nika tumtum, so I think;
kahkwa hyas nika, as large as I;
kahkwa spose, as if;
kloshe kahkwa, that is right; good so.

Kah-na-way, _n._
Acorns.
Kahnaway stick, the oak.

Kahp-ho.
Brother, sister, or cousin.

Kah-ta.
How; why.
Kahta mika mamook okook? why do you do that?
kahta mika chahko? how did you come?
kahta mika? what is the matter with you?
pe kahta? and why so?

Kal-ak-a-lah-ma, _n._
Goose.

Kal-a-kwah-tie, _n._
The inner bark of the cedar;
the petticoat or shirt formerly worn by women and often made
of strands of bark.
Kalakwahtie stick, the cedar tree.

Ka-li-tan, _n._
An arrow shot; a bullet.
Kalitan la sac, a quiver; a shot pouch.

Kal-lak-a-la.
A bird.

Kamas.
A bulbous root used for food.

Kam-ooks, _n._
A dog.
Kahkwa kamooks, like a dog; beastly.

Ka-mo-suk, _n._
Beads.
Tyee kamosuk, (chief beads), the large blue glass beads.

Kap-swal-la.
To steal.
Kapswalla klatawa, to steal away;
kapswalla mamook; to do secretly.

Kat-suk.
The middle or center of anything.

Kau-py.
Coffee.

Ka-wak, _v._
To fly.

Kaw-ka-wak.
Yellow or pale green.

Keek-wil-lie.
Low, below, under, beneath, down.
Mamook keekwillie, to lower.
Mitlite kee kwillie, to set down; put under.

Keep-woot.
A needle;
the sting of an insect;
a thorn.
Shoes keepwoot, an awl.

Keh-loke, _n._
A swan.

Keh-see.
An apron.

Keh-wa.
Because.

Kel-a-pie, _v._
To turn; return; overturn; upset.
Kalapie canim, to upset a canoe;
hyak kelapie, come back quickly;
kelapie kopa house, go back to the house;
mamook kelapie, to bring, send or carry back;
kelapie tumtum, to change one's mind.

Kes-chi.
Notwithstanding; although.

Ket-lin.
A kettle, can, basin, etc.

Kil-it-sut, _n._
Flint, a bottle, glass.

Kimtah.
Behind, after, afterwards, last, since.
Klatawa kimta, go behind;
nika elip pe yahka kimtah, I first and he afterwards;
okook kimtah, the one behind;
kimtah nika nannitsh mika, since I saw you.

King George.
English.
King George man, an Englishman.

Ki-nootl.
Tobacco.

Kish-kish, _v._
To drive as cattle or horses.

Kiu-a-tan, _n._
A horse.
Stone kiuatan, a stallion.

Ki-wa.
Crooked.

Ki-yah, _n._
Entrails.

Klah, _adj._
Free or clean from; in sight.
Ex. Chee yahka klah, now he is in sight.
Klatawa klah, to escape.
Chahko klah, (of seed) to come up;
(of the woods) to open out;
(of the weather) to clear up.
Mamook klah, to uncover.

Klah-hanie.
Out of doors; out; without.
Ex. Mamook klahhanie okook, put that out;
klatawa klahhanie, to go out.

Kla-how-ya.
How do you? good bye.
Ex. Klahowya sikhs, good bye, friend.

Kla-how-yum.
Poor; miserable; wretched; compassion.
Hyas klahowyum nika, I am very poor;
mamook klahowyum, to take pity on; give alms; be generous.

Klah-wa, _adv._
Slow; slowly.
Klahwa klatawa, go slowly.

Klak, _adv._
Off.
Ex. Mamook klak stone kiuatan, to castrate a horse;
mamook klak l'assiette, take off the plates;
klak kopo wayhut, get out of the road.

Klaks-ta.
Who.
Klaksta mamook okook? who made or did that?
Halo klaksta, no one.

Klak-wun or Kleh-kwan.
To wipe; to lick.
Klakwun l'assiette, to wipe a plate.

Klale or T'kale.
Black or dark blue or green.

Klap, _v._
To find.
Ex. Mika na klap mika kiuatan? did you find your horse?
klap tenas, to be with child.

Kla-pite, _n._
Thread; twine.

Klas-ka or Kluska.
They; thine; them.

Klat-a-wa, _v._
To go.
Klatawa teahwhit, to walk; go on foot.
Klatawa kopa kiuatan, to ride.
Klatawa kopa boat, to sail.
Mamook klatawa, to send.

Kla-whap.
A hole.
Mamook klawhap, to dig a hole.

Kle-ma-hun, _v._
To stab; to wound; to dart; to cast as a spear;
to hook or gore as an ox.
Nika klemahun salmon, I spear salmon.

Klihl or Klilt, _adj._
Bitter.

Klik-a-muks, _n._
Blackberries or more properly dewberries.

Klik-wal-lie.
Brass.

Klim-in-a-whit, _n._, _v._
A lie; to lie.
Hyas kumtuks kliminawhit, he is a great liar.

Klim-min.
Soft; fine in substance.
Ex. Klimmin sapoleel, flour.
Klimmin illahie, mud; marshy ground.
Mamook klimmin, to soften as by dressing a skin.

Klip.
Deep; sunken.
Klip chuck, deep water.
Klip sun, sunset.

Klis-kwiss.
A mat.

Klogh-klogh.
Oysters.

Klo-nass.
Uncertainty; doubt; I don't know; may be so; who knows?
Ex. Klonass nika klatawa, perhaps I shall go.
_Q._ Kah mika kahpho? where is your brother?
_A._ Klonass, I don't know.

Klone.
Three.

Klook.
Crooked.
Klook teahwit, broken legged; lame.

Klootch-man.
A woman;
a female of any animal.
Tenas klootchman, a girl.
Klootchman kiuatan, a mare.

Kloshe.
Good; well; enough.
Kloshe nannitsh, look out; take care.
Hyas kloshe, very well.

Klose-spose.
Shall or may I; let me.
Ex. Klose-spose nika mamook pia okook? shall I cook that?
(literally, [is it] good that I may cook that?)

Klugh.
To tear.
Mamook klugh illahie, to plough.

Kluk-ulh.
Broad or wide, as of a plank.

Ko.
To reach; arrival at.
Chee klaska ko, they have just come.
Kansih nesika ko kopa Nisqually? when shall we reach Nisqually?

Ko-ko.
To knock.
Koko stick, a woodpecker.

Kok-shut.
To break; broken; to beat.
Hyas kokshut, broken to pieces.

Kon-a-way.
All; every.
Klaska konaway klatawa, they have all gone.
Konaway tilicum, everybody.
Konaway kah, everywhere.

Koo-sah.
The sky.

Ko-pa.
To; in; at; with; towards; of; about;
concerning; there or in that place.
Ex. Kopa nika house, at my house.
Lolo okook kopa nika, take that home with you.
Cultas kopa nika, it is nothing to me.

Ko-pet.
To stop; leave off; enough.
Kopet wauwau, stop talking.
Kopet ikt, only one.
Kopet okook, that's all.
Wake siah kopet, nearly finished.
Kopet tomalla, day after to-morrow.

Kow.
To tie; to fasten.
Kow mika kiuatan, tie your horse.
Ikt kow, a bundle.

Kul-lagh.
A fence; corrall or enclosure.
Kullagh stick, fence rails.

Kull.
Hard in substance; difficult.
Chahko kull, to become hard.
Mamook kull, to harden; to cause to become hard.
Hyas kull spose mamook, it is very hard to do so.
Kull stick, oak or any hard wood.

Kumtuks.
To know; understand; be acquainted with; imagine; believe.
Mamook kumtuks, to explain.
Kopet kumtuks, to forget.
Halo kumtuks, stupid; without understanding.
Kumtuks kliminawhit, to be a liar.
Nika kumtuks okook tyee, I know that chief.
Nika kumtuks Klickitat wauwau, I understand the Klickitat language.

Kun-sih.
How many; when; ever.
Kunsih tilikum mitlite? how many people are there?
Kunsih mika klatawa? when do you go?
Wake kunsih, never.
Mamook kunsih, to count.

Konaway moxt.
Both; together.
Konaway moxt kahkwa, both alike.

Kush-is.
Stockings.

Kwah-ne-sum.
Always; forever.

Kwah-nice.
A whale.

Kwahta.
The quarter of a dollar.

Kwah-tin.
See Yakwahtin.

Kwaist.
Nine.

Kwa-lal.
To gallop.

Kwal'h.
An aunt.

Kwan-kwan.
Glad.

Kwash.
Fear; afraid; tame.
Mamook kwash, to frighten; to tame.

Kwates.
Sour.

Kweh-kweh.
A mallard duck.

Kwek-wi-ens.
A pin.

Kwek-kweo.
A ring; a circle.

Kwetlh.
Proud.

Kwin-num.
Five.

Kwish.
Refusing anything contemptuously.

Kwit-shad-ie.
The hare or rabbit.

Kwo-lann.
The ear.
Halo kwolann or ikpooie kwolann, deaf.

Kwult'h.
To hit; to wound with an arrow or gun.

Kwun-nun.
A count; numbers.
Ex. Mamook kwunnun, to count.

Kwutl.
Literally fast; to push or squeeze.
Hyas mamook kwutl, haul tight.

L.

La-bleed.
A bridle.

La-boos.
The mouth; the mouth of a river.
Moxt laboos, the fork of a river.

La-boo-ti.
A bottle.

La-cal-at.
A carrot.

La-ca-set.
A box, trunk or chest.

La-clo-a.
A cross.

Lagh.
To lean; to tip as a boat; to stoop; to bend over as a tree.
Wake mika lagh kopa okoot house, don't lean against that house.

La-gome.
Pitch; glue.
La gome stick, light-wood; the pitch-pine.

La-gwin.
A saw.

La-hal.
See Slahal.

Lahb.
The arbutus.

La-hash.
An axe or hatchet.

Lakit.
Four; four times.
Lakit tahtlelum, forty.

La-kles.
Fat; oil.

La-lah.
To cheat; fool; to practice jokes.
Mamook lalah, to make fun.

La-lahm.
An oar.
Mamook lalahm, to row.

La-lang.
The tongue; a language.

La-lim.
A file.

La-messe.
The ceremony of the mass.

La-mes-tin.
Medicine.

Lam-mi-eh.
An old woman.

La-mon-ti.
A mountain.

La-peep.
A tobacco pipe.
Lapeep kullakala, the pipe bird.

La-pehsh.
A pole; the setting pole of a canoe or boat.

La-pel-lah.
Roast.
Mamook lapellah, to roast before the fire.

La-pelle.
A shovel or spade.

La-pe-osh.
A mattock; a hoe.

La-piege.
A trap.
Eena lapiege, a beaver trap.

La-plash.
A board.

La-po-el.
A frying pan.
Mamook lapoel, to fry.

La-pome.
An apple.

La-pool.
A fowl; poultry.
Siwash lapool, the grouse.

La-poo-shet.
A fork.

La-pote.
A door.

La-sanjel.
A girth; a sash; a belt.

La-see.
A saw.

La-sell.
A saddle.

La-shal-loo.
A plough.

La-shan-del.
A candle.

La-shase.
A chair.

La-shen.
A chain.

Las-siet.
A plate.

La-sway.
Silk; silken.

La-tahb.
A table.

La-tet.
The head.
Pil latet, red-headed.

La-tlah.
A noise.
Mamook latlah, to make a noise.

La-ween.
Oats.

La-west.
A waistcoat.

Lazy.
Lazy.

Le-bah-do.
A shingle.

Le-bal.
A ball; bullet.
Tennas lebal, shot.

Le-bis-kwie.
Biscuit; cracker; hard bread.

Le-blou.
A sorrel horse; chestnut colored.

Le-clem.
Cream colored; a cream colored or light dun horse.

Le-cock.
A cock; a fowl.

Le-doo.
A finger.

Le-gley.
A gray horse; gray.

Le-jaub.
See Diaub.

Le-kleh.
A key.
Mamook lekleh, lock the door.

Le-klo.
A nail; nails.

Le-koo.
The neck.

Le-kye.
A spot; spotted or speckled.
Lekye salmon, the spotted or winter salmon.

Lo-lo-ba.
A ribbon.

Le-loo.
A wolf.

Le-mah.
The hand; the arm.
Kloshe lemah, the right hand.
Potlatch lemah, shake hands.

Le-mah-to.
A hammer.

Le-mel.
A mule.

Le-mo-lo.
Wild; untamed.

Le-mo-to.
Sheep.

Le-pan.
Bread; raised or light bread.

Le-pee.
The feet.

Le-pish-e-mo.
The saddle, blankets and housings of a horse.

Le-pet.
A priest.

Le-pwau.
Peas.

Le-sak.
A bag; a pocket.

Le-sap.
An egg; eggs.

Le-see-blo.
Spurs.

Le-see-zo.
Scissors.

Le-sook.
Sugar.

Le-tah.
The teeth.

Le-whet.
A whip.
Mamook lewhet, to whip.

Lice.
Rice.

Lik-pu-hu.
An elder sister.

Lip-lip.
To boil.
Mamook liplip, to make or cause to boil.

Lo-lo.
To carry; to load.
Lolo kopa chickchick, to carry in a cart.
Mamook lolo kopa canim, to load into a canoe.

Lo-wul-lo.
Round; whole; the entire of anything.
Lowullo sapeleel, whole wheat.
Mamook lowullo, to roll up.

Lope.
A rope.
Tenas lope, a cord.
Skin lope, a rawhide.

Lum.
Rum, or any spirits.

Luk-ut-chee.
Clams.

M.

Mah-kook.
To buy or sell.
Kah mika mahkook okook calipeen? where did you buy that rifle?
Hyas mahkook, dear.
Tenas mahkook, cheap.

Mah-kook-house.
A trading house or store.

Mah-lie.
To forget.

Mahsh.
To leave; to turn out; to throw away; to part with; remove.
Ex. Mahsh chuck kopa boat, bail the boat out.
Mahsh okook salmon, throw away that fish.
Mahsh mika capo, take off your coat.
Yahka mahsh tum-tum kopa nika, he has given me his orders.

Mah-sie.
Thank you.

Maht-lin-nie.
Off shore.

Maht-wil-lie.
In shore; shoreward; keep in.

Ma-lah.
Tinware; crockery; earthenware.

Mal-i-eh.
To marry.

Ma-ma.
A mother

Mam-ook.
To make; to do; to work.
Ex. Mamook isick, to paddle;
mamook illahee, to dig.

Man.
A man; the male of any animal.
Ex. Man moolock, a buck elk.
Tenas man, a young man or boy.

Mel-a-kwa.
A mosquito.

Mel-ass.
Molasses.

Mem-a-loost.
To die; dead.
Mamook memaloost, to kill.

Me-sah-chie.
Bad; wicked.

Me-si-ka.
You; your; yours.

Mika.
Thou; thy; thine.

Mi-mie.
Down stream.

Mist-chi-mas.
A slave.

Mit-ass.
Leggings.

Mit-lite.
To sit; sit down; stay at; reside; remain.
Ex. Mitlite nika hyiu salmon kopa, sit down I have plenty of salmon.
Mitlite keekwillie, to put down.

Mit-whit.
To stand; stand up.
Mitwhit stick, a standing tree; a mast.

Mokst.
Twice.

Moo-la.
A mill.
Stick moola, a saw-mill.

Moo-lock.
An elk.

Moon.
The moon.
Ikt moon, a month.
Sick moon, the wane or old moon.

Moos-moos.
Buffalo; horned cattle.

Moo-sum.
To sleep; sleep.
Nika hyas moosum, I slept very sound.

Mow-itsh.
A deer; venison.

Muck-a-muck.
To eat; to bite; food.
Muckamuck chuck, to drink water.

Musket.
A gun or musket.
Stick musket, a bow.

N.

Na.
The interrogative particle.
Ex. Mika na klatawa okook sun? do you go to-day?
Interrogation is, however, often conveyed by intonation only.

Nah.
Look here! I say!
Nah sikhs! halloo, friend.

Nan-itsh.
To see; look; look for; seek.
Nanitsh yahwa, look there.
Klose nanitsh, look out; take care.
Cultus nanitsh, to look round idly or from curiosity only.
Mamook nanitsh, to show.

Nau-its.
The sea beach.

Na-wit-ka.
Yes; certainly; yes indeed; to be sure.
Nawitka wake nika kumtuks, indeed I don't know.
Wake mika nanitsh? did you not see [it]?
Nawitka, I did not.

Nem.
A name.
Mamook nem, to name or call by name.

Ne-nam-ooks.
The land otter.

Ne-si-ka.
We; us; our.

Ne-whah.
Hither; come, or bring it hither.
Ex. Newhah nika nanitsh, here, let me see it.

Ni-ka.
I; me; my; mine.

Nose.
The nose; also, a promontory.
Boat nose, the bow of a boat.

O.

O-kook.
This; that; it.
Iktah okook? what is that?
Okook sun, to-day.
Okook klaksta, he who.
Okook klaska; they (being present).

O-la-pits-ki.
Fire.

O-le-man.
Old man; old; worn out.
Hyas oleman kiuatan, a very old horse.

Ol-hy-iu.
A seal.

O-lil-lie.
Berries.
Shot olillie, huckleberries.
Siahpult olillie, raspberries.
Salmon olillie, salmon berries.

O-lo.
Hungry.
Olo chuck, thirsty;
olo moosum, sleepy.

O-luk.
A snake.

Oos-kan.
A cup; a bowl.

O-pe-kwan.
A basket; tin kettle.

O-pitl-kegh.
A bow.

O-pit-sah.
A knife.
Opitsah yahka sikhs, (the knife's friend) a fork.
This word is also used to denote a sweetheart.

O-poots.
The posterior; the tail of an animal.
Boat opoots, the rudder.
Opoots-sill, a breech clout.

Ote-lagh.
The sun.

Ow.
A brother younger than the speaker.

P.

Pahtl.
Full.
Pahtl lum or paht-lum, drunk.
Pahtl chuck, wet.

Pent.
Paint.
Mamook pent, to paint.

Papa.
A father.

Pa-see-sie.
A blanket; woolen cloth.

Pa-siooks.
A Frenchman.

Pchih or Pit-chih.
Thin in dimensions.

Pe-chugh.
Green.

Pee.
Then; besides; and; or; but.
Pee weght, and also; besides which.
Pee nika wauwau wake, but I say, no.

Peh-pah.
Paper; a letter; any writing.
Mamook pehpah, to write.

Pel-ton.
A fool; foolish; crazy.
Kahkwa pelton, like a fool.
Hyas pelton mika, you are very silly.

Pe-shak.
Bad.

Pe-what-tie.
Thin, like paper.

Pi-ah.
Fire; ripe; cooked.
Mamook piah, to cook; to burn.
Piah ship, a steamer.
Piah olillie, ripe berries.
Piah sapolill, baked bread.
Piah sick, the venereal disease.
Saghalie piah, lightning.

Pil.
Red; of a reddish color.
Pil illahie, red clay or vermillion.
Pil dolla, gold.
Pil chikimin, copper.
Pil kiuatan, a bay or chestnut horse.

Pil-pil.
Blood.
Mahsh pilpil, to bleed.

Pish.
Fish.

Pit-lilh.
Thick in consistence, as molasses.

Piu-piu.
To stink; a skunk.

Poh.
To blow.
Mamook poh, to blow out or extinguish, as a candle.

Po-lak-lie.
Night; darkness; dark.
Tenas polaklie, evening.
Hyas polaklie, late at night; very dark.
Sit-kum polaklie, midnight.

Po-lal-lie.
Gunpowder; dust; sand.
Polallie illahie, sandy ground.

Poo.
The sound of a gun.
Mamook poo, to shoot.
Moxt poo, a double-barrelled gun.
Tohum poo, a six shooter.

Poo-lie.
Rotten.

Pot-latch.
A gift; to give.
Cultus potlatch, a present or free gift.

Pow-itsh.
A crab apple.

Puk-puk.
A blow with the fist; a fist-fight.
Mamook pukpuk, to box; to fight with the fists.
Pukpuk solleks, to fight in anger.

Puss-puss.
A cat.
Hyas pusspuss, a panther or cougar.

S.

Sagh-a-lie.
Up; above; high.
Saghalie Tyee, (literally the chief above) God.

Sail.
A sail; any cotton or linen goods.
Mamook sail, to make sail.
Mamook keekwillie sail, to take in sail.
Tzum sail, printed cloth or calico.

Sa-kol-eks.
Leggings; trowsers; pantaloons.
Keekwillie sakoleks, drawers.

Sal-lal.
The sallal berry.

Salmon.
The salmon.
Tyee salmon, _i.e._ chief salmon, the spring salmon.

Salt.
Salt or salt taste.
Salt chuck, the sea.

San-de-lie.
Ash colored; a roan horse; roan colored.

Sap-o-lill.
Wheat; flour or meal.
Pish sapolill, baked bread.
Lolo sapolill, whole wheat.

Se-ah-host.
The face; the eyes.
Halo seahhost, blind.
Icht seahhost, one-eyed.
Lakit seahhost, (four eyes) spectacles.

Se-ah-po.
A hat or cap.
Seahpo olillie, the raspberry.

Shame or shem.
Shame.
Halo shem mika? arn't [sic] you ashamed of yourself?

Shan-tie.
To sing.

She-lok-um.
A looking-glass; glass.

Ship.
Ship or vessel.
Stick ship, a sailing vessel.
Piah ship, a steamer.
Ship man, a sailor.

Shoes.
Shoes.
Stick shoes, boots and shoes made of leather.

Shot.
Shot; lead.
Shot olillie, huckleberries.

Shugah.
Sugar.

Shugh.
A rattle.
Shugh opoots, a rattlesnake.

Shut.
A shirt.

Shwah-kuk.
A frog.

Si-ah.
Far; far off.
Comparative distance is expressed by intonation or repetition;
as siah-siah, very far.
Wake siah, near; not far.

Si-am.
The grizzly bear.

Sick.
Sick.
Cole sick, the ague.
Sick tumtum, grieved; sorry; jealous; unhappy.

Sikhs.
A friend.

Sin-a-moxt.
Seven.

Si-pah.
Straight, like a ramrod.

Sis-ki-you.
A bob-tailed horse.

Sit-kum.
A half; a part.
Sitkum dolla, half a dollar.
Sitkum sun, noon.
Tenas sitkum, a quarter or small part.

Sit-lay.
Stirrups.

Sit-shum.
To swim.

Si-wash.
An Indian.

Skin.
Skin.
Skin shoes, moccasins.
Stick skin, the bark of a tree.

Skoo-kum.
Strong; strength;
a ghost; an evil spirit or demon.
Skookum tumtum, brave.
Skookum chuck, a rapid.

Skwak-wal.
A lamprey eel.

Skwis-kwis.
A squirrel.

Sla-hal.
A game played with eight small disks, one of which is marked.

Smoke.
Smoke; clouds; fog; steam.

Snass.
Rain.
Cole snass, snow.

Snow.
Snow.

Soap.
Soap.

So-le-mie.
The cranberry.

Sol-leks.
Anger; angry.
Mamook solleks, to fight.
Tikegh solleks, to be hostile.
Kumtuks solleks, to be passionate.

So-pe-na.
To jump; to leap.

Spo-oh.
Faded;
any light color, as pale blue; drab &c.
Chahko spooh, to fade.

Spoon.
A spoon.

Spose.
Suppose; if; supposing; provided that; in order that.
Spose mika nanitsh nika canim, if you see my canoe.
Spose nika klatawa kopa Victoria, if or when I go to Victoria.
Kahkwa spose, as if.

Stick.
A stick; a tree; wood; wooden.
Stick skin, bark.
Ship stick, a mast.
Mitwhit stick, a standing tree.
Icht stick, a yard measure.
Stick shoes, leather shoes or boots.
Isick stick, the ash.

Stock-en.
Stockings or socks.

Stoh.
Loose.
Mamook stoh, to untie; unloose.

Stone.
A rock or stone; bone; horn;
the testicles.
Stone kinatan, a stallion.
Mahsh stone, to castrate.

Stote-kin.
Eight.

Stutchun.
The sturgeon.

Suk-wal-al.
A gun or musket.

Sun.
The sun; a day.
Tenas sun, early.
Sitkum sun, noon.
Klip sun, sunset.

Sunday.
Sunday.
Icht Sunday, a week.
Hyas Sunday, a holiday.
Ex. Icht, mokst, klone sun kopet Sunday, one, two or three days
after Sunday.

T.

Tagh-um.
Six.

Tahl-kie.
Yesterday.
Icht tahlkie, day before yesterday.

Tah-nim.
To measure.

Tah-tle-lum.
Ten.
Mokst klone, etc., tahtlelum, signifying twenty, thirty, etc.
Tahtlelum pe icht, eleven, twelve.

Tal-a-pus.
The coyote or prairie wolf, a sort of deity or supernatural being,
prominent in Indian mythology; a sneak.

Ta-mah-no-us.
Magic; luck; fortune; anything supernatural.

Ta-mo-litsh.
A tub; barrel; bucket.
Icht tamolitsh, a bushel measure.

Tanse.
To dance.

Tea.
Tea.

Te-ah-wit.
The leg; the foot.
Klatawa teahwit, to go on foot, to walk.
Klook teawhit, lame.

Teh-teh.
To trot as a horse.

Tenas.
Small; few; little;
a child; the young of any animal.
Mokst uika tenas, I have two children.
Tenas hyiu, a few.
Tenas sun, early.

Te-pah.
Quills; the wing of a bird.

Tik-egh.
To want; wish; love; like.
Hyas tikegh, to long for.
Ikta mika tikegh? what do you want?

Tik-tik.
A watch.

Til-i-kum.
People.
Cultus tilikum, common or insignificant persons.
Huloima tilikum, strangers.
Nika tilikum, my relations.

Til-i-kum-ma-ma.
A father.

Till.
Tired;
heavy; weight; a weight.
Hyas till nika, I am very tired.
Kansih till okook, how much does that weigh?
Mamook till, to weigh.

Tin-tin.
A bell; a musical instrument.
Mamook tintin, to ring a bell.

Tipso.
Grass; leaves;
fringe; feathers; fur.
Tipso illahie, prairie.
Dely tipso, hay.

T'kope.
White; light colored.

Tl'kope.
To cut; hew; chop.

Toh.
Spit.
Mamook spit.

Toke-tie.
Pretty.

To-lo.
To earn; to win at a game; to gain.
Kansih dolla nika tolo spose mamook?
how many dollars will I earn if I work?

To-mol-la.
To-morrow.
Ikt tomolla, the day after.

Tot.
An uncle.

To-to.
To shake; sift anything; winnow.

To-toosh.
The breast of a female; milk.
Totoosh lakles, butter.

To-wagh.
Bright; shining; light.

Tsee.
Sweet.

Tsee-pie.
To miss a mark; to make a blunder.
Tseepie wayhut, to take the wrong road.

Tshi-ke.
Directly; soon.

Tshish.
Cold.

Tsi-at-ka.
A nocturnal demon much feared by the Indians.

Tshik-tshik.
A wagon; a cart; a wheel.
Tchik-tchik way-hut, wagon-road.

Tsil-tsil or Chil-chil.
Buttons;
the stars.

Tsish.
Sharpen.
Mamook tsish, to sharpen.

Tsole-pat.
A shot pouch.

Tso-lo.
To wander in the dark; to lose one's way.

Tsugh.
A crack or split.
Mamook tsugh, to split.
Chahko tsugh, to become split or cracked.

Tuk-a-mo-nuk.
A hundred.
It is, like ten, combined with the digits;
as icht, mokst, klone tukamonuk,
one hundred, two hundred, three hundred, etc.

Tuk-wil-la.
The hazel nut; nuts in general.

Tum-tum.
The heart; the will; opinion.
Mahsh tumtum, to give orders.
Mamook tumtum, to make up one's mind.
Mamook kloshe tumtum, to make friends or peace.
Sick tumtum, grief; jealousy.
Mokst tumtum nika, I am undecided.
_Q._ Kah nesika klatawa? where shall we go?
Mika tumtum, whenever you please; as you will.
Ikta mika tumtum? what do you think?

Tum-wa-ta.
A waterfall, cascade or cataract.

Tup-shin.
A needle.
Mamook tupshin, to sew; to mend; to patch.

Tyee.
A chief.
Saghalie tyee, the Deity.
Tyee salmon, the spring salmon.

Tzum.
Mixed colors; spots or stripes;
a mark or figure; writing, paint, painted.
Tzum sill, printed calico.
Tzum pehpah, writing.
Mamook tzum, to write.
Tzum illahie, blazed or surveyed land.

W.

Wagh.
To pour; to spill; to vomit.
Mamook wagh chuck, pour out some water.

Wake.
No; not.

Wa-ki.
To-morrow.

Wap-pa-to.
A potato.

Wash.
Wash.
Mamook wash, to wash.

Waum.
Warm.
Hyas waum, hot.
Waum illahie, summer.
Mamook waum, to heat.
Waum-sick-cole-sick, fever and ague.

Wau-wau.
To talk; speak; call; ask; tell; answer; talk or conversation.
Cultus wauwau, idle talk; stuff; nonsense.
Hyas wauwau, to shout.

Way-hut.
A road or trail.
Chickchick wayhut, a wagon road.

Weght.
Again; also; more.
Pe nika weght, and I too.
Potlatch weght, give me some more.
Tenas weght, a little more yet.

Whim.
To fell.
Whim stick, a fallen tree.
Mamook whim okook stick, fell that tree;
also to throw in wrestling.

Win-a-pie.
By-and-bye; presently; wait.

Wind.
Wind.
Halo wind, out of breath (dead).

Y.

Yah-hul.
A name.

Yah-ka.
He; his; him; she; it, etc.

Yah-kis-ilth.
Sharp, or cutting.

Yah-wa.
There; thither; thence; beyond.

Yak-so.
The hair of the head; hair generally.

Yak-wa.
Here; hither; this side of; this way.
Yakwa kopa okook house, this side of that house.

Ya-kwah-tin.
The belly; the entrails.

Yi-em.
To relate; to tell a story; to confess to a priest; a story or tale.

Youtl.
Glad; pleased; proud; (of a horse) spirited.
Hyas youtl yahka tumtum, his heart is very glad.

Youtl-kut.
Long; length.

Yout-skut.
Short (in dimension).