Chapter VIII: Colors That Slenderize

In Chapter II we found that certain uses of lines cause objects to appear larger or smaller than they really are. This same principle of optical illusion applies to colors. Whether you realize it or not, the color of an object always _seems_ to affect its size.

In general, dark colors make objects appear to be smaller; light colors make them seem larger. This is often demonstrated by a woman with large feet. If she dresses those feet in a pair of white shoes they appear to be much larger than they really are, whereas shod in a pair of well-made dull black or dark brown pumps or oxfords, they appear much smaller than they really are.

Take equal amounts of black crêpe and yellow satin as examples. The black recedes, while the yellow stands out, fills the eye more completely, and as a result seems larger.

Look at blue cornflowers and orange poppies in a field. It takes twice as many of the blue flowers to attract your attention as it does of the orange, because the latter make a more definite impression on the eye.

If you intend to take your rightful place among well-dressed women you must watch carefully the color of your dress and hold, in the main, to the quiet colors or shades, such as seal brown, midnight blue, bottle green, dull black, blackberry purple, the grays, and the deep tans. These make outline less definite, help your observers to lose sight of bulk and thereby make your size inconspicuous. Besides, they are always smarter than the more conspicuous colors. And this isn’t such a sacrifice, after all, when you realize how few women there are who are vivacious, alert, agile enough or clear enough of skin to compete with active color. Bright colors are suitable chiefly to the great outdoors, for gala decoration, or for trimming—and the latter you may use if you do it wisely and discreetly.

WHAT COLORS NOT TO WEAR

King’s blue and scarlet, and any colors of their quality, must be “off your list” completely, for they definitely create the illusion of huge bulk. Refuse acquaintance with them right now and whatever you do, don’t yield to their entreaties. You have heard, no doubt, the famous story about the lecturer, who, when asked by a big woman dressed in red what color she should wear, said, “Gray, Madam, gray. Nature makes humming birds red and elephants gray. Follow Nature, Madam.”

Don’t force people to see you bigger than you are by wearing gaudy designs or colors.

Brilliant, hard, cold colors, or what might be fittingly termed unrelenting or non-retiring colors should be avoided once a woman is past her first youth; in fact, not every young woman or young girl can afford to wear such tones, especially when she is a bit too stout, for the purer the color the more definite it is to the eye and, therefore, the larger it makes the wearer seem. Many of the colors that are launched forth each season as the latest thing are so strong that they add a third to one’s size and rob the wearer of all the natural color of skin, hair, and eyes, making even a young, vigorous girl appear devoid of animation and charm. The use of such colors even as trimming is a mistake commonly made by women lacking in the fresh, natural color of skin, hair, and eyes.

STUDY COLOR “FAMILIES”

It is well to consider that gray eyes reflect blue or green, and sometimes brown tints, and that the right shade of blue—usually old blue—will emphasize the color and brilliancy of blue eyes. It is said that a girl with hazel eyes and chestnut hair can wear any color becomingly. Yet one must realize that some colors would naturally be much more emphatic or subduing than others; therefore, more becoming or less complimentary. The best rule is to keep to one _family_ of color shades, as brown, blue, gray, or black. You will find this scheme more becoming and more economical. Of course, if you wish, you may choose to use one or two shades lighter of the same color shade, as dark brown and tan, or perhaps the pleasing combination of midnight blue and gray. Gray or tan is good with black; white with black only in the very smallest quantity and then discreetly placed.

But gray, used for an entire costume, is good only for the very young or the old. Once the hair is white, gray is much better than black for it will not emphasize face lines; but a woman of forty, big or little, unless she has white hair and clear skin should choose navy blue or black in preference to gray. However, we need not wear either monotonously.

Many designers insist that “color tone” evidenced somewhere is essential for every well-dressed woman, maintaining that if the individual does not have it herself it must be provided by means of her dress or complexion, assuming, of course, that it will always be discreetly and smartly done. If the hair or eyes are colorless, avoid brown and wear blue, and use definite color—a bit of braid, an ornamental buckle, a strap on a purse, a hat trimming—something that has a smart color note.

We look smallest in dull black, but we can look almost as slender in black that has brightness either in the fabric or the dye, and at the same time not look so old as with the dull black. For example, observe the next dear elderly lady you see in dull black. See how it makes every wrinkle show and gives her a shriveled, meek appearance that is in every way depressing. We must look young, as well as slender, and, of course, fashionable too, so we must keep away from any colors that will hamper us.

CHOOSE THESE SUBTLE SHADES

It has always seemed to me that we women who have the opportunity of making either a pleasing, indifferent, or offending picture of ourselves in our dress should realize our opportunity, sense fully that we are in competition with real artists and work to achieve a degree of perfection that at least would be pleasing to our very own selves and that could not offend any who might see us.

Those valuable laws of optical illusion teach us always to select colors that have a tendency to recede, that is, those that are indefinite and difficult to classify. For instance, the moment rose is added to gray, or yellow to tan, it takes on light and tends to intensify size rather than to reduce it, while we can add white to gray, or brown to tan with the opposite result. So often we see someone who has achieved a beautiful color plan, change it to satisfy her own desire for variety and in the changing lose all that she has worked to gain. And so I insist that once you find the color or combination of colors that is becoming, that is flattering, as to size and complexion, hair and eyes, hold to it as a valued possession and have your color variety in other things rather than your dress.

I have not yet considered white, or rather cream, or old blue, or pastel green in discussing shades. These many of us can wear. The wearing of white is a luxurious habit once acquired. The charm of immaculateness may balance in some minds its tendency to increase size, but if you wish to look as small as possible, avoid it. Of old blue this is not true. It can be worn by old and young, is becoming generally, and is almost as effective as gray in its size reducing propensities. It blends well and is soft enough not to be distinguished at long range, always a point of consideration when we are working to look slender. However, neither gray nor old blue must be worn if the skin is definitely sallow. Pastel green that has a gray, rather than a yellow cast is often becoming, especially for summer wear, for in addition to its advantages regarding size, it is cool looking.

A COLOR GUIDE TO AID YOU IN ATTAINING A SLENDERIZING APPEARANCE

═══════════════╤═══════════════╤═══════════════╤═══════════════╤═══════════════
Type of Woman │ Black │ Brown │ Blue │ Green
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Pink Blonde_ │ │ │ │
Fair hair; │Very good in │Bronze and warm│Excellent. │Gray-green
blue, gray, │ dull surfaced│ tans, very │ Greenish and │ good; also
or brown │ fabrics. │ good. Dark │ navy blue │ soft
eyes; white │ │ tones │ very good; │ blue-green
skin, │ │ permissible. │ also medium │ both medium
moderate │ │ │ tones to │ and dark.
color. │ │ │ repeat color │
│ │ │ of blue eyes.│
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Pale Blonde_ │ │ │ │
Fair hair; │May be worn │Dark red-brown │Excellent in │Very pale green
blue, gray, │ with white or│ permissible. │ dark shades │ good.
or brown │ cream collar.│ │ and old blue.│
eyes; white │ │ │ │
skin with │ │ │ │
little or no │ │ │ │
color. │ │ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Titian Blonde_│ │ │ │
Fair hair, │Excellent. │Dark tones and │Dark tones │Almond and
bordering on │ │ bronze good │ excellent; or│ reseda good;
red; blue, │ │ if eyes are │ medium blue │ avoid bright
brown, or │ │ brown. │ if eyes are │ tones.
gray eyes; │ │ │ blue. │
fair skin, │ │ │ │
moderate │ │ │ │
color. │ │ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Medium Blonde_│ │ │ │
Light brown │Best relieved │Bronze and │Very good in │Dark green and
hair; blue, │ by cream │ medium tan │ dark and │ reseda good.
brown, or │ color. │ good. │ medium tones.│
gray eyes; │ │ │ │
medium │ │ │ │
complexion. │ │ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Olive Blonde_ │ │ │ │
Light brown │Good, if used │Very dark tones│Dark tones │Bottle-green
hair; brown, │ with │ may be worn. │ excellent. │ good.
blue, or gray│ contrasting │ │ │
eyes; skin │ color. │ │ │
inclined to │ │ │ │
sallowness. │ │ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Clear │ │ │ │
Brunette_ │ │ │ │
Dark or medium │Excellent, │Very good for │Dark tones good│Dark green
brown hair; │ especially │ brown-eyed │ with bright │ good.
dark blue, │ with white. │ type; tan │ trimming. │ Blue-green
gray, or │ │ good. │ Medium blue │ for blue-eyed
brown eyes; │ │ │ fair. │ type;
fair, clear │ │ │ │ bronze-green
skin, with │ │ │ │ for brown
some color. │ │ │ │ eyes.
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Pale Brunette_│ │ │ │
Medium, dark │Do not use │Excellent with │Dark tones very│Dark green
brown or │ except with │ brown eyes; │ good; │ excellent.
black hair; │ bright color │ warm tan │ green-blues │ Blue-green
brown, gray, │ for trimming.│ good. │ good. │ for blue eyes
or dark blue │ │ │ │ and
eyes; pale │ │ │ │ bronze-green
skin. │ │ │ │ for brown
│ │ │ │ eyes.
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Colorful │ │ │ │
Brunette_ │ │ │ │
Medium brown or│Very good. │Most browns │Dark blue │Very good in
dark hair; │ │ excellent for│ excellent; │ dark tones.
blue, brown, │ │ brown-eyed │ green-blue │ Bronze-green
or gray eyes;│ │ type. │ good. │ excellent
medium skin, │ │ │ │ with brown
high color. │ │ │ │ eyes.
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Auburn │ │ │ │
Brunette_ │ │ │ │
Brown hair, │Transparent │All pure browns│Navy blue and │Bronze-green
tinged with │ black good. │ that blend │ green-blues │ excellent;
red; brown, │ │ with hair and│ very good. │ also, medium
blue or gray │ │ eyes good. │ │ reseda.
eyes; medium │ │ │ │
skin. │ │ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Olive │ │ │ │
Brunette_ │ │ │ │
Dark brown or │Permissible if │Mahogany and │Good in darkest│Bronze-green
black hair; │ worn with │ deepest │ tones. │ permissible.
brown or │ cream collar.│ browns │ │
black eyes; │ │ moderately │ │
olive skin, │ │ good. │ │
some color. │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Gray and Gray_│ │ │ │
Gray hair; │Permissible if │ │Good in dark │Permissible in
brown, gray, │ worn with │ │ and medium │ darkest
or blue eyes;│ cream collar.│ │ tones. Delft │ tones.
medium skin. │ │ │ blue good for│
│ │ │ blue eyes. │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Brown and │ │ │ │
Gray_ │ │ │ │
Grayish, brown │Permissible │Seal and │Dull blue, very│Dark tones
hair; brown, │ with cream │ chestnut │ good; │ moderately
blue, or gray│ collar. │ good. Avoid │ brighter │ good. Avoid
eyes; medium │ │ all tans. │ blues good │ gray-green.
skin. │ │ │ for trimming.│
═══════════════╧═══════════════╧═══════════════╧═══════════════╧═══════════════

═══════════════╤═══════════════╤═══════════════╤═══════════════
Type of Woman │ Gray │ Purple │ Pink
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Pink Blonde_ │ │ │
Fair hair; │Dark, blue-gray│Orchid fair; │Flesh and dull
blue, gray, │ very good. │ also, │ old rose
or brown │ │ blue-violet │ permissible.
eyes; white │ │ in sheer soft│
skin, │ │ fabrics. Red │
moderate │ │ purple may be│
color. │ │ used in small│
│ │ quantities. │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Pale Blonde_ │ │ │
Fair hair; │Dark, blue-gray│Orchid good; │Flesh, good;
blue, gray, │ good. │ fuchsia, good│ also dull old
or brown │ │ for trimming.│ rose.
eyes; white │ │ │
skin with │ │ │
little or no │ │ │
color. │ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Titian Blonde_│ │ │
Fair hair, │Stone-gray and │Very dull │Pastel tones in
bordering on │ taupe good. │ orchid good. │ sheer
red; blue, │ Blue-gray │ │ material,
brown, or │ good. │ │ good.
gray eyes; │ │ │
fair skin, │ │ │
moderate │ │ │
color. │ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Medium Blonde_│ │ │
Light brown │Silver-gray │Moderately good│Flesh and peach
hair; blue, │ permissible. │ for trimming │ may be worn.
brown, or │ │ if skin is │
gray eyes; │ │ clear. │
medium │ │ │
complexion. │ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Olive Blonde_ │ │ │
Light brown │Very dark taupe│Pinkish tones │Creamy flesh
hair; brown, │ good. │ in sheer │ and peach
blue, or gray│ │ material │ color fair.
eyes; skin │ │ permissible. │
inclined to │ │ │
sallowness. │ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Clear │ │ │
Brunette_ │ │ │
Dark or medium │Permissible for│Orchid good; │Rose
brown hair; │ a dress that │ fuchsia may │ permissible
dark blue, │ is smartly │ be used in │ as trimming.
gray, or │ designed and │ small │
brown eyes; │ trimmed. │ quantities. │
fair, clear │ │ │
skin, with │ │ │
some color. │ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Pale Brunette_│ │ │
Medium, dark │Warm taupe │Dull orchid; │Flesh, dull
brown or │ permissible. │ also, pink │ rose and
black hair; │ │ tones of │ peach good.
brown, gray, │ │ violet. │
or dark blue │ │ │
eyes; pale │ │ │
skin. │ │ │
│ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Colorful │ │ │
Brunette_ │ │ │
Medium brown or│Blue-gray and │Avoid all │
dark hair; │ taupe good. │ except bluish│
blue, brown, │ │ hues. │
or gray eyes;│ │ │
medium skin, │ │ │
high color. │ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Auburn │ │ │
Brunette_ │ │ │
Brown hair, │Good, if skin │Plum color and │Flesh and pale
tinged with │ is clear. │ palest │ pink good.
red; brown, │ │ lavender │
blue or gray │ │ permissible. │
eyes; medium │ │ │
skin. │ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Olive │ │ │
Brunette_ │ │ │
Dark brown or │Taupe may be │Pink lavender │Dull pink and
black hair; │ worn in rare │ in sheer │ apricot tones
brown or │ cases. │ fabric or │ good.
black eyes; │ │ dahlia in │
olive skin, │ │ small │
some color. │ │ quantities │
│ │ fair. │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Gray and Gray_│ │ │
Gray hair; │Silver-gray │Soft │Flesh and old
brown, gray, │ good. │ pink-lavender│ rose very
or blue eyes;│ │ good; also │ good.
medium skin. │ │ dark tones. │
│ │ │
───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────┼───────────────
_Brown and │ │ │
Gray_ │ │ │
Grayish, brown │Dark grays │Avoid unless │Creamy-flesh
hair; brown, │ brightened by│ skin is very │ good. Avoid
blue, or gray│ trimming, │ clear and │ rose hues.
eyes; medium │ permissible. │ hair almost │
skin. │ │ white. │
═══════════════╧═══════════════╧═══════════════╧═══════════════

All rules may be individually varied and should be for distinctive effects, so to know the rule of color is to respect it and adeptly apply it to express yourself beautifully and harmoniously. Play with colors as you would with a fan. Remember that usually every woman _can_ look better than she does. It is the age of good-looking women and the right shade or tone of color has a very great deal to do with the right emphasis of individual attractiveness.

Color has so much to do with the final appearance of any costume, that you must find _your_ particular color pace. Remember that if you are stout you cannot stray from the less colorful byways to the brilliant main road trodden by your slim sisters. Never lose sight of the fact that true artistry may be expressed in the subtle shades to a _much greater_ degree than by the use of brilliant colors. As civilization advances, it is gradually drawing away from pure color. You will find that practically all of the fabrics shown in the shops are variations of the foundation or primary colors. Why not carry this to its farthest point, emphasizing your appreciation of the subtlety of the “between” shades which can do so much toward making you look smart and slender?

In the selection of shades for becomingness, your size is the first consideration; your skin the second. Consider carefully both the color and the texture of your skin, and work to have the shades of your dresses enhance, harmonize, or subdue, according to the need or opportunity. The color of your hair and eyes comes third in color consideration, while your age comes fourth.

In making use of the table I have given you, locate your type in the first column. If you are a blonde read descriptions of all the blonde types and decide to which you belong. If you are a brunette, classify yourself under this heading. Do not feel hampered by the colors allowable for your particular type, because it very often happens that a _variation_ of a shade you like will make it becoming to _you_ even though it would be unsuited to another individual whose description would correspond with yours.

RULES TO REMEMBER

Large figures require subdued colors.

The _dominant_ color in your costume must harmonize with the color and the texture of your skin.

A contrasting or emphasizing color may be used to enhance the coloring of your eyes and hair.

Because it is not entirely necessary or desirable to exclude the lighter, brighter shades from the wardrobe, a few of these have been listed in the accompanying table. As a general thing, you will look best in dark colors; but in the warm weather, and for home wear, light colors are permissible and suitable, too. If the type requires the use of such shades in the evening, gowns made from them may be worn becomingly, provided they are properly chosen as to material, design, and trimming.

With the advent of each season’s _new_ colors, search carefully for _your_ colors, the ones that you know are becoming, bearing in mind all the while that tones, hues, or tints (light colors) emphasize, and that shades (dark colors) alone subdue, and then remember that both fabric and design definitely affect the color; so decide on all three simultaneously and thereby be wholly safe.

The extent of your attractiveness rests with you and don’t forget ever how very much a right color can help you. Haunt the shops for the beautiful, the flattering, the becoming thing. Don’t be satisfied to buy green, blue, or gray simply because it’s the season’s color—find the tone or shade of that color that is lovely for you—then you can be fashionably dressed and becomingly so.