Chapter XXXIII: Appendix: E (p. 223)

Professor Charles Valentine Riley was killed by a fall from his bicycle in the streets of Washington. He was riding, as usual, to his office in the morning, accompanied by his young son. It was down-hill, and he was evidently going rather fast, when his wheel struck a stone carelessly left in the roadway after repairs. He was thrown violently, and died from the effects of the fall a few hours afterwards.[118]

‘Biologist, artist, editor, and public official, the story of his struggles and successes, tinged as it is with romance, is one full of interest. Beginning life in America as a poor lad on an Illinois farm, he rose by his own exertions to distinction. His nature was a many-sided one, and his success in life was due to sheer will-power, unusual executive force, critical judgment, untiring industry, skill with pencil and pen, and a laudable ambition, united with an intense love of nature and of science for its own sake. This rare combination of varied qualities, of which he made the most, rendered him during the thirty years of his active life widely known as a public official, as a scientific investigator, while of economic entomologists he was _facile princeps_.

‘He was born at Chelsea, London, September 18, 1843. His boyhood was spent at Walton-on-Thames, where he made the acquaintance of the late W. C. Hewitson, author of many works on butterflies, which undoubtedly developed his love for insects. At the age of eleven he went to school for three years at Dieppe, afterwards studying at Bonn-on-the-Rhine. At both schools he carried off the first prizes for drawing, making finished sketches of butterflies, thus showing his early bent for natural history. It is said that a restless disposition led him to abandon the old country, and at the age of seventeen he had emigrated to Illinois, and settled on a farm about fifty miles from Chicago. When about twenty-one he removed to Chicago, where he became a reporter and editor of the entomological department of the “Prairie Farmer.”

‘Near the close of the war, in 1864, he enlisted as a private in the 134th Illinois regiment, serving for six months, when he returned to his editorial office.

‘He also enjoyed for several years the close friendship of B. D. Walsh, one of our most thorough and philosophic entomologists, with whom he edited the “American Entomologist.” His industry and versatility, as well as his zeal as an entomologist, made him widely known and popular, and gave him such prestige that it resulted in his appointment in 1868 as State Entomologist of Missouri. From that time until 1877, when he left St. Louis to live in Washington, he issued a series of nine annual reports on injurious insects, which showed remarkable powers of observation both of structure and habits, great skill in drawing, and especially ingenious and thoroughly practical devices and means of destroying the pests. It goes without saying that this prestige existed to the end of his life, his practical applications of remedies and inventions of apparatus giving him a world-wide reputation. In token of his suggestion of reviving the vines injured by the Phylloxera by the importation of the American stock, he received a gold medal from the French Government, and he afterwards received the Cross of the Légion d’Honneur in connection with the exhibit of the U. S. Department of Agriculture at the Paris Exposition of 1880.

‘The widespread ravages of the Rocky Mountain locust from 1873 to 1877 had occasioned such immense loss in several States and Territories that national aid was invoked to avert the evil. The late Dr. F. V. Hayden, then in charge of the U. S. Geographical and Geological Survey of the Territories, sent Dr. P. R. Uhler to Colorado in the summer of 1875. Mr. Walsh had made important suggestions as to the birthplace and migrations of the insect. Meanwhile Riley had since 1874 made very detailed studies on the migration and breeding habits and means of destruction of this locust. Dr. Cyrus Thomas had also been attached to Hayden’s Survey, and published a monograph on the locust family, _Acrididæ_. As the result of this combined work Congress created the United States Entomological Commission, attaching to it Dr. Hayden’s Survey, and the Secretary of the Interior appointed Charles V. Riley, A. S. Packard, and Cyrus Thomas members of the Commission. Dr. Riley was appointed chief, and it was mainly owing to his executive ability, business sagacity, experience in official life, together with his scientific knowledge and practical inventive turn of mind in devising remedies, or selecting those invented by others, that the work of the Commission was so popular and successful during the five years of its existence. In 1878, while the Report of the Commission was being printed, Riley accepted the position of Entomologist to the U. S. Department of Agriculture, but owing to the lack of harmony in the Department, he resigned, Professor J. H. Comstock being appointed. Congress meanwhile transferred the cotton-worm investigation [on which Riley had been engaged] to the Entomological Commission. Dr. Riley was reappointed to the position of U. S. Entomologist in June, 1881. Mr. L. O. Howard said of the administration of this office: “The present efficient organisation of the Division of Entomology was his own original conception, and he is responsible for its plan down to the smallest detail. It is unquestionably the foremost organisation of its kind at present in existence.” Again he writes: “Professor Riley’s work in the organisation of the Division of Entomology has unquestionably advanced the entire Department of which it is a part, for it is generally conceded that this Division has led in most matters where efficiency, discipline, and system were needed.”

‘His Division published the first bulletin, and in “Insect Life” began the system of periodical bulletins, which has since been adopted for the other Divisions of the Agricultural Department. In an address, says Howard, before the National Agricultural Congress, delivered in 1879, in which he outlined the ideal Department of Agriculture, Professor Riley foreshadowed many important reforms which have since become accomplished facts, and suggested the important legislation, since brought about, of the establishment of State Experiment Stations under the general government.

‘His practical, inventive genius was exhibited in his various means of exterminating locusts, in the use of kerosene oil emulsified with milk or soap, and in his invention and perfection of the “cyclone” or “eddy-chamber” or Riley systems of nozzles, which, in one form or another, are now in general use in the spraying of insecticide or fungicide liquids.

‘Although the idea of introducing foreign insect parasites or carnivorous enemies of our imported pests had been suggested by others, Riley, with the resources of his division at hand, accomplished more than any one else in making it a success. He it was who succeeded in introducing the Australian lady-bird to fight the fluted scale.

‘Riley’s scientific writings will always stand, and show as honest work. He was not “a species man” or systematist as such; on the contrary, his most important work was on the transformations and habits of insects, such as those of the lepidoptera, locusts and their parasites, his Missouri reports being packed with facts new to science. His studies on the systematic relations of Platypsyllus as determined by the larva evince his patience, accuracy, and keenness in observation and his philosophic breadth.

‘His best anatomical and morphological work is displayed in his study on the mode of pupation of butterflies, the research being a difficult one, and especially related to the origin of the cremaster, and of the vestigial structures, sexual and others, of the end of the pupa. Whatever he did in entomology was original. He was also much interested in Aëronautics, and took much delight in attending séances of spiritualists and exposing their frauds, in one case, at least, where another biologist of world-wide fame, then visiting in Washington, was completely deluded.

‘Riley was from the first a pronounced evolutionist. His philosophic breadth and his thoughtful nature and grasp of the higher truths of biology are well brought out in his address on “The Causes of Variation in Organic Forms,” as Vice-President, before the biological section of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1888. He was a moderate Darwinian, and leaned, like other American naturalists, rather to Neo-Lamarckism. He says: “I have always had a feeling, and it grows on me with increasing experience, that the weak features of Darwinism and, hence, of natural selection, are his insistence (1) on the necessity of slight modification; (2) on the length of time required for the accumulation of modifications, and (3) on the absolute utility of the modified structure.” Riley, from his extended experience as a biologist, was led to ascribe much influence to the agency of external conditions, remarking, in his address: “Indeed, no one can well study organic life, especially in its lower manifestations, without being impressed with the great power of the environment.” He thus contrasts Darwinism and Lamarckism: “Darwinism assumes essential ignorance of the causes of variation and is based on the inherent tendency thereto in the offspring. Lamarckism, on the contrary, recognizes in use and disuse, desire and the physical environment, immediate causes of variation affecting the individual and transmitted to the offspring, in which it may be intensified again both by inheritance and further individual modification.”’

‘“Evolution shows that man is governed by the same laws as other animals.” “Evolution reveals a past which disarms doubt and leaves the future open with promise—unceasing purpose—progress from lower to higher. It promises higher and higher intellectual and ethical attainment, both for the individual and the race. It shows the power of God in what is universal, not in the specific; in the laws of nature, not in departure from them.”’

------------------------------------------------------------------------

INDEX

=A=

_Abraxas grossulariata_, Magpie moth, 114 (Fig.)

_Accentor modularis_, Dunnock or Hedge-sparrow, 162

_Acrididæ_, 333

“Agriculture and Rural Economy of Australia and New Zealand,” Professor
Wallace’s, 280

Agriculture, Board of, Miss Ormerod’s aid to the Adviser given and
withdrawn, 202

Agricultural College (Royal), Cirencester, Miss Ormerod’s lectures at,
83;
Professor Harker at, 83;
Principal of, 201

Agricultural Education Committee, 271, 272, 273

Agricultural Education in the Elementary School, 271

Agricultural Entomology, progress of, 200;
work on, 276;
Miss Ormerod, Co-Examiner in, 282

Agricultural lectureship proposed in Oxford University, 225

Agricultural Society (Royal), Miss Ormerod’s diagrams for, 88;
work for discontinued, 212

“Agricultural Zoology,” by Dr. Ritzema Bos, translated by Professor
Ainsworth-Davis, 222

_Agrotis exclamationis_, Heart-and-dart moth, Linn., 101 (Fig.)

_Agrotis segetum_, Ochsenheimer, Turnip moth, 101 (Fig.)

“Alder Killer,” German name of Mottled Willow Weevil, 267

Aldersey schoolboys, 113, 119, 127

Alfalfa (lucerne) hay infested with locusts, 228, 229

_Alopecurus pratensis_, 244

Altum, Dr. Bernard, _Forst Zoologie_, 61

American Ambassador, congratulations of the, 193

American blight, _see_ _Schizoneura lanigera_, 142, 143, 144

American clover-seed midge, 198

American migratory locusts, South, 229

Anbury, club-root, or finger and toe, _see_ _Plasmodiophora_, 196, 213

Angoumois moth, 188

_Anguillulidæ_ (eel-worms), 198, 282

_Anguillula radicicola_, 213

Annual Reports, _see_ Reports

_Anobium paniceum_, 253

_Anthomyia ceparum_, 60

Antler moth, _see_ _Charæas graminis_

Ants, black, 138

“Ap Adam” oak, 93, Pl. xxi

_Aphides_, 79;
attack of, 222, 250, 257

Aphis, woolly, _Schizoneura lanigera_ 144 (Fig.)

Apple-bark beetle, _see_ _Xyleborus dispar_, 199

Arbuthnot, Mrs., 292, 301

Architects, practice of, 7

Arderne of Alvanley, family of, 13

_Argyresthia conjugella_, 247

Arkwright (J. H.) of Hampden Court, Herefordshire, 76

Armstrong, Dr., 28, 29

Army worm _(_Leucania unipunctata_)_, paper on, by Dr. L. O. Howard,
184

Arnold, Dr., of Rugby, 3

Arsenite of Copper, 201

Artists, the Misses Ormerod as, 18, 74

Ash-bark beetle, _see_ _Hylesinus_

Ashworth, Miss, letter from, 320

_Aspidiotus perniciosus_, San José scale, 242

Assistant, reasons for refusing an, 79

_Astynomus ædilis_, 224

_Atomaria linearis_, Mangold beetle, 230 (Fig.)

Aust “Bone bed,” 40

Aust cliffs, 39, 40

Austen’s opinion on “Deer forest fly,” Mr., 261

Australian thrips, 183;
larvæ, 277

Autumnal breeze fly, _see_ _Tabanus autumnalis_

Avian Rat, nickname for the sparrow, 160, 168

Axe, Professor, 85

=B=

Bacon fly, _see_ _Piophila casei_

Bacon, Lord, burial-place, 298

Badam’s Court, 93

Bailey, Colonel, 303

Bailey, Mr., Editor of the _Dumfries Herald and Courier_, 106

Bailey, Mr. William, letters to, 109-127;
letter from, to the Duke of Westminster, 111

Barley, Hessian fly on, 132 (Fig.)

Barnes Cottage, 7

Barnesville, 7

“Bat beetle,” _see_ _Harpalus ruficornis_

Bath and West of England Society Show, Misses Ormerod’s insect cases
and diagrams at, 283, 284

Bathurst’s, Mr., paper on “Orchards,” 273-274

Bean-beetle, _see_ _Bruchus_

Beans and peas attacked by Eel-worms, 304

Bean-seed weevil—sad-coloured _(Bruchus tristis)_;
red-footed _(B. rufipes)_;
red-horned _(B. brachialis)_, 271, _see_ _Bruchus_

Beans infested with beetles, 269, 270

Beaufort, Duke of, 7

Becker, Miss Lydia, as an upholder of “Women’s Rights,” 86

Beckett, Edmund, Lord Grimthorpe, 91, _see_ Grimthorpe

Bee, Mason, 174

Beet carrion beetle, _see_ _Silpha opaca_, 142, 220

Beetles in the Argentine territories, 222

Beetles (water), killing of, 54

Bethnal Green Museum, connection with, 87

Bethune, Rev. Dr., letters to, 73, 90, 213, 227-231

Bigge, General and Mrs., 298

Biographical sketch of Miss Ormerod, by the Editor, 73

_Bipalium kewense_, a land planarian, 192 (Fig.)

Birth, childhood, and education, Miss Ormerod’s, 1

Black-currant gall mite, 153, 154, 155, 156, 177, _see_ _Phytoptus_

Bladder or pocket plums, 176 (Fig.)

Bodleian Library, 58

Bolivar’s, Señor Don Igo, assistance on locust specimens, 218

“Bone Bed,” the Aust, 40

Books, lending of, 29

Boot beetle, _see_ _Anobium paniceum_

Boot-upper injured by beetle, 254 (Fig.)

Bos, Dr. Ritzema, 79, 131, 132, 156, 189, 204, 296;
letters to, 232-237

_Botanical Magazine_, drawings for, 74

Botfly, the, _see_ Hypoderma

“Bottle-nosed whale,” or dolphin, capture of, 38, 39

Bradwall Hall, Cheshire, 11

Brauer’s, Dr., frontispiece to his “_Œstridæ_,” 149, 150

Breathing tubes of maggot, of ox warble fly, &c., 112 (Fig.)

Breeze flies, _see_ _Tabanidæ_

Brighton, Miss Ormerod refers to taking a villa at, 264, 266

_Bruchus_, the pea and bean Weevil, 268, _rufimanus_, &c., 269 (Fig.)
270, 271, _see_ Bean-seed weevil

Bruner, Lawrence, Locust Investigation Commission Report, 229

_Bryobia prætiosa_, gooseberry and ivy red spider, 220, 221 (Fig.)

Buckland, Frank, on “Putts,” 37, 327, 328

Buckler, Mr. William, 107

Buckton, G. B., on _Aphides_, 79, 80

Bunbury Parish, work done by schoolboys of, 111

Burd, Rev. Percy, 29

Burdett-Coutts, Baroness, letters from, 214

Bury, Lancashire, 9

Buttington, battle of, 23

=C=

Cabbage green fly, 101

Caddis fly, _see_ _Mormonia nigromaculata_, 152

Caddis worms attacking water-cresses, 151, 152, 282

Cadelle, the, _see_ _Trogosita_

Caerwent, 7, 174

_Calandra (Sitophilus) granaria_, granary weevil, 191, 262 (Fig.), 267;
_C. oryzæ_, 262

Calwer’s “_Käferbuch_,” 270

“Canadian Entomologist,” quoted, 202, 211, 223

Canadian friends, Miss Ormerod’s, 73

Cauvin’s Hospital, Editor’s Lecture at, 289

_Cecidomyia destructor_, Hessian fly, 129, 131 (Fig.), 132, 143, 147,
182;
_C. tritici_, 131;
_C. leguminicola_, 198

_Cecidomyia (Diplosis) equestris_, 137

Centipede and millipede, 143 (Fig.)

_Cephenomyia rufibarbis_, Red-bearded botfly, 149, 150, 151

_Cephus pygmæus_, Corn sawfly, 147 (Fig.)

_Cerostoma xylostella_, Curtis, _see_ _Plutella cruciferarum_

_Ceuthorhynchus contractus_, Charlock weevil, 130 (Fig.)

Chapel of St. Tecla, dimensions, 34, ruins, Pl. x

_Charæas graminis_, Antler moth, 104, 105 (Fig.), 185, 284

Charlock weevil, _see_ _Ceuthorhynchus contractus_

Charlotte, Princess, “the people’s darling,” death of, 6

Chartist Rising, 47-52;
map of district, Pl. xv

Cheese-fly, _see_ _Piophila casei_, 125 (Fig.)

_Cheimatobia brumata_, 121, 146, 183

Chepstow, 15, 30, 33, 43, 53, Pl. xvii

Chepstow Bridge, Pl. xiii

Chepstow Castle, Pls. ix., xvi.

Chepstow Parish Church, Plate vi.

Cheshire, _see_ Chester

Chest, oak, from Hulgreve Hall, 58, Pl. xviii

Chester, Dr. Ormerod’s “History of the County Palatine and City,” 8,
13, 58

Chinese Minister Plenipotentiary, 307

Chinese naturalist and Miss Ormerod, 75

Chittenden’s, Mr., paper on Household Insects, 266

_Chlorops tæniopus_, Meigen, Gout fly, 132, 133 (Fig.), 147

Choate, Mr., meeting with, 193;
characteristics, 297

_Chrysops cæcutiens_, small blinding breeze fly, 136 (Fig.)

Church customs, old, 23

_Cidaria dotata_, Linn., spinach moth, 231 (Fig.)

Clayden, ancestral oak at, 121

Cleg, or small rain breeze fly, _Hæmatopota pluvialis_, 136 (Fig.)

Clergy, old local, 27

Cliviger township, 8

Clothing Club, 30

Clover-stem sickness, 226, 282

Club-root, Anbury, or Finger and toe, 196, 213

_Coccinella bipunctata_, 2-spotted lady-bird;
_C. septempunctata_, 7-spotted lady-bird, 234 (Fig.);
_C. ocellata_, eyed lady-bird, 237 (Fig.)

Cockchafer beetle and grubs, _Melolontha vulgaris_, 209, 233 (Fig.),
277, block, 280

Codlin moth, prevention, 277

Coleman & Sons, Messrs. W. J., letters to, 177

Collection of specimens of injurious insects, 87

“Common Fly Attacks to Farm Stock,” by Miss Ormerod, 304

Conger eels, 35

Connold, Mr. Ed. T., letters to, 175, 241

Contribution, Miss Ormerod’s first, to scientific literature, 59

Contributions, Miss Ormerod’s recognition of, 62, 66

Copleston, Bishop, 15

Copper, arsenite and arseniate of, 201

Cormorants, 35

Corn fly, Ribbon-footed, _see_ _Chlorops tæniopus_

Corn sawfly, 147

Correggios, “Marriage of St. Catherine,” 16

Correspondence, steadiness of, Miss Ormerod’s, 78, 79, letters, 97

Cosby, Sir Henry, 7

_Cossus ligniperda_, Goat moth, 268 (Fig.)

County dinner party, formality of, 15

Courage, Miss Ormerod’s, 92-94

Coussmaker, Colonel, letters to, 99-104

Cranefly (Daddy longlegs), _Tipula_, 64, 284

Crawford, Mr. Frazer, of Adelaide, 210

Croft, Sir Richard, 6

Cross-fertilisation (multiple), 298

_Cryptorhynchus lapathi_, L., mottled willow weevil, 267

Crystal oil, 181

_Cucujus testaceus_, 263

Currant and gooseberry scale, _Lecanium ribis_, 214 (Fig.)

Currant, black and red, 156, 157

Curtis, John, “Farm Insects,” 63, 276;
work, &c., 184

Cutworms, or caterpillars of the dart or turnip moth, 100, 101 (Fig.)

_Cynips_ galls, 177

=D=

Daddy longlegs, _see_ _Tipula_

Dalquhairn, Holm of, 105

Damsons, curiously formed, 175

Danysz’s, J., paper on _Ephestia_ (Flour moth), 216

Dart or turnip moth, _see_ _Agrotis segetum_

Darwinianism, 276

Darwinism, 335

Davis, Professor Ainsworth, translation of Ritzema Bos’s _Agricultural
Zoology_, 222

Dean, Forest of, lawlessness in, 38

Death, Miss Ormerod’s, letters in prospect of, 325

Deer forest fly, _see_ _Lipoptera cervi_

Deer warble fly, _see_ _Hypoderma diana_

Degrees and medals, Miss Ormerod’s, 95, _see_ LL.D.

Dell & Son’s information, 275

Diagrams, Miss G. Ormerod’s, 88;
coloured, published by R.A.S.E., 99

Diamond-back moth, _see_ _Plutella cruciferarum_

_Dicranura vinula_, Linn., 103 (Fig.)

Diptera, Westwood’s use of “_Insecta Britannica—Diptera_,” 136

Dipterous parasites, 107

Dogs as message-bearers, 11;
Miss Ormerod’s adventures with, 92

Dolphin, Bottle-nosed (_Delphinus tursio_), 38

Druce’s, Mr., proposed vote of congratulation, 300

Drawings and water-colours, set of Dr. George Ormerod’s, 298, 300, 301

Dunn, Malcolm, assistance of, 61

Dunnock, the hedge-sparrow, _Accentor modularis_, 162

Durobrivian ware, 8

Dyer, Professor Bernard, as a helper, 200

_Dytiscus marginalis_, water beetle, 54, 124 (Fig.)

=E=

Earwig, _see_ _Forficula_

Edinburgh University, bequest to, 283, 284, 285;
text-book for, 303;
Miss Ormerod appointed external examiner in Agricultural Entomology,
123

Eel-worms, 186, 198, 282, 304

Electros bought from Messrs. Blackie & Son, 63

Elliot & Fry’s portraits, 300

Elm-bark beetle, _see_ _Scolytus destructor_, 169, 170 (Fig.)

Entomological Society of Ontario, 73

Entomological Societies, Miss Ormerod’s communications with, 78

Entomologist, consulting, to the Royal Agricultural Society of England,
75

Entomology, Miss Ormerod beginning the study of, 53;
first step in, 2;
lectures on, in Edinburgh, 279

Entomology, economic, progress of, 206

_Ephestia kuhniella_, Zell, 180, 198, 202, 212, 262, 263

Evans, Mrs., 91

Evesham Committee work, 204

Evolution, Professor Riley on, 335

Exhibition in the Palace of Industry, Paris, August, 1868, 54

_Exoascus pruni_, Professor Marshall Ward on, 175

_Exorista lota_, parasite of Lepidoptera, 107

=F=

Family dispersal, 56

“Famine in India,” by Wallace, 308

“Farm Insects,” by Curtis, 184

“Farm Pests,” leaflets on, 65

Farm stock, fly attacks on, 65, 304

Fernald, Dr., 187

Ferry, Old Passage, 38, 44, 45, 50

Fielding, Copley, 16

Finger and toe, _see_ _Plasmodiophora brassicæ_

“Flacherie,” the, 106, 107, 186

Flatworm, 192

“Flax-seeds,” 131, 142, 197

Fletcher, Dr., 188;
letters to, 77, 116, 195-227

“Flies injurious to Stock,” Miss Ormerod’s, 65, 305

Flour beetle, rust-red, _see_ _Tribolium ferrugineum_

Flour infestation, 69, 179, 191, 220, 261, 263, 266

“Flowering,” or Palm, Sunday, 25

Fly weevil (U.S.A.), 188

Font (leaden) at Llancaut, 20;
at Tidenham, Pl. vii

Fonts (leaden), A. C. Fryer’s paper on, in _Archæol. Journal_, 20

Foot, Hippoboscal, Pls. xxiii., xxiv.

Forest fly, 65, 133, 134 (Fig.), 138, 139, 304

Forest flies, Indian, 224

Forest Hundreds, 33

Forest of Dean, 33

Forest Peninsula, 33, 34

“Forestry,” text-book of, proposed, 227, 303

_Forficula minor_, Linn. (Earwig) 189 (Fig.)

“Formalin,” 220

_Formica fuliginosa_, 138, 139

Forshaw and Hawkins, Messrs., 266

Fowler (Canon) on _Helophorus rugosus_, 108, 267

Fream, Dr., references to, 203, 208, 279, 281, 282, 298, 305, 317

Frost and other leaders of the Chartist rising in Monmouth, 47-52

Fruitgrowers’ Convention, 206

_Fucus serratus_, 34

Fuller, Mr., 267;
letters to, 257

=G=

Gadflies (_Tabanidæ_), 118, 137, 138, 304, 306

Gamma or silver moth, 178 (Fig.)

Gardener, an old, on Miss Ormerod’s work, 75

“Gardeners’ Chronicle,” 54, 55, 276

“Gardeners’ Friends and Foes,” series of diagrams, 88

Garton course of lectures, Edinburgh University, 118, 208

Garton, John, 298, 303

Gas lime as a top dressing, 195

_Gastropacha quercifolia_, Linn., 158

_Gastrophilus equi_, Fab., 117 (Fig.), 118, 305

Gawsworth, Cheshire, 12

Generosity, Dr. Lipscomb on Miss Ormerod’s, 94

_Geophilus longicornis_, Centipede, 235 (Fig.)

George, A. W., letter to, 174

Gibbs, Sir Brandreth, 76

Gilbert, Sir Henry and Lady, 298

Gnat midge, _see_ _Cecidomyia leguminicola_

Goat moth, _see_ _Cossus ligniperda_

Golynrode, 10

Goodall on _Tabanidæ_, 138

Gooseberry red spider, _see_ _Bryobia prætiosa_

Gout fly, _see_ _Chlorops tæniopus_

Grain beetles, _see_ _Calandra (Sitophilus) granaria_

Granary weevil, _see_ _Calandra granaria_

Grant, Sir Ludovic, 96, 291, 303

Grease-banding, 207, 277

Grease-proof paper, 277

Great ash-bark beetle, 172 (Fig.)

Great midge, “red maggot of,” 137

Great ox gad fly, 135, 136

Great tortoiseshell butterfly, _see_ _Vanessa polychloros_

Grimshaw, Percy H., 108;
letters from, 149, 151

Grimthorpe, Lord, letter from, 297, 298, 308

Grouse fly, _see_ _Ornithomyia_

“Guide to the Methods of Insect Life,” Miss Ormerod’s, 81, 85

Gulls, _see_ _Larus ridibundus_ and _L. canus_

=H=

Hacking, 10

_Hæmatobia connicola_, 213

_Hæmatopota pluvialis_, 136

“Hair-worms,” 225

“Handbook of Orchard Fruits,” Miss Ormerod’s, 303

Hargreaves, Col. John, 8

Harker, Professor Allen, references to, 79, 80, 201, 277, 278, 279, 281

_Harpalus ruficornis_, Bat beetle, 223 (Fig.)

Hartwell, Miss, Miss Ormerod’s private secretary, 88, 280, 289, 291

Heart-and-dart moth, _see_ _Agrotis exclamationis_

Heather “frosted,” 149

_Helophorus rugosus_, 108

Henry VI. Coronation, 58, Pl. xviii

Hessian fly, 74, 129, 131, 132, 142, 143, 147, 148, 182, _see_
_Cecidomyia destructor_;
Miss Ormerod on, 86

_Heterodera schachtii_, 186;
_H. radicicola_, Müller, 213 (Fig.)

Hibernation of insects, 226

“Hill-grub,” the, 104, 105 (Fig.)

_Hippobosca equina_, 133, 134, 136, 137, 138, 140, 265 (foot of fly,
Pls. xxiii., xxiv.);
_H. maculata_, 139

Hippoboscid on a lamb, 264

Hooker, Sir Joseph and Lady, 73, 74

Hoopoe, the, 139

Hop aphis, 206

Hope Professorship of Zoology at Oxford, 215

Hops, nettle-headed, 237

Hornet, capture of, 92

“Hornet Clearwing,” _Trochilium (= Sesia) bembeciforme_, 103

Horse bot fly, _Gastrophilus equi_, Fab., 117 (Fig.), 118, 305

Horses’ illness after eating locust-infested lucerne, 228, 229

Horticultural Society (Royal), collection of injurious insects, 55

Howard, Dr. L. O., letters to and from, 184-194, 295, 297

Hulgreve Hall, 58

Hunt, the artist, 16

Huntspill, Somerset, 10

Huxley, Professor, 78;
letters from, 85, 88

_Hybernia defoliaria_, 146

Hydrophobia, strange treatment for, 45

_Hylesinus crenatus_ (large ash-bark beetle), 172 (Fig.), 173, 302;
tunnels, 173 (Fig.)

_Hylesinus fraxini_, ash-bark beetle, 171, 174;
tunnels, 171 (Fig.)

_Hylurgus piniperda_, pine beetle, 263

_Hymenoptera_, 174

_Hypoderma__bovis_ and _H. diana_, 150;
_H. lineata_, 116;
_H._ or _œstrus_ experiments, 183

=I=

_Icerya purchasi_, 79

_Ichthyosaurus_, 41

Index to Reports, 64, 191

“Indian Agriculture,” Wallace’s, 275

Inscription on Llancaut font, 22

“Insect Life,” 201, 267

Insect, Professor Westwood’s definition of, 84

“Insects Injurious to Forest Trees,” 302;
“to Orchard and Bush Fruit,” 274;
“to Stored Grain,” 191

Isleworth, 73;
meteorology, 80

=J=

Jablonowski, Prof. Jos., on _Phytoptus ribis_, 156;
letters to, 156

Jacobite officers, 11

Janson’s reports, Mr. Oliver E., 71, 72, 200, 283;
letters to, 259-271

Jenkins, Mr. H. M., Secretary R.A.S.E., 76

Johnson, Thomas, survivors of the children of, 11

_Julus guttatus_ (= _pulchellus_), Leach;
_J. londinensis_;
_J. terrestris_, 143 (Fig.)

_Juncus articulatus_, the flowering heads of, or “spret,” 104

=K=

Ked or Kade, _see_ _Melophagus ovinus_

Kerosene as an insecticide, 120, 181, 220

Kew Gardens, 73, 86

King and Queen, 122

King George and King James, toasts to, 11

Kingston Park, old name of Sedbury Park, 7

Knox, John, quotation from, 110

=L=

_Labia minor_, Leach, 189 (Fig.)

Lady-bird, Australian, 334

Lady-bird, _see_ _Coccinella_

_Læmophlœus ferrugineus_, 263

Lamarckism, 335

_Lamellicornes_, beetle grubs of the, 277

Languages, Miss Ormerod’s knowledge of, 78

Lappet Moth, _see_ _Gastropacha quercifolia_, Linn.

_Larus ridibundus_ and _L. canus_, 105

Latham, Diana, on Sedbury, 14-19

Latham, John, M.D., 12, Pl. iv, 57

Latham, Peter Mere, 13, 57

_Lathyrus_ (White), 221

“Leaden Fonts,” 20;
Alfred C. Fryer on, 20

“Leafage caterpillars,” 146

_Lecanium ribis_, Fitch, 214

Lecture at Institute of Agriculture, South Kensington, Miss Ormerod’s,
84;
at London Farmers’ Club, 102

Lecturer, Miss Ormerod as a, on Economic Entomology, at Royal College,
Cirencester, 83

Lectures, ten, by Miss Ormerod, on “Orders of Insects,” 85

Lee-chee (lichi) orchards, 308

Legal experiences, samples of Miss Ormerod’s, 69

_Lepidoptera_, American lists of, 181

Lesser earwig, _Forficula minor_, 189 (Fig.), 261

Lesson book for village schools, 207

Letter or letters from William Bailey, 102;
Dr. Ritzema Bos, 296;
Dr. Fream, 298;
Lord Grimthorpe, 296;
Sir Joseph Hooker, 87;
L. O. Howard, 295, 297;
T. H. Huxley, 85;
J. A. Lintner, 81-82;
Dr. R. S. MacDougall, 295;
Sir William Muir, 301;
Rev. Prof. Taylor, 310;
Professor Wallace, 287-293;
J. O. Westwood, 81

Letter or letters to William Bailey, 109-127;
Rev. C. J. S. Bethune, 227-231;
Dr. Ritzema Bos, 232-237;
Messrs. Coleman, 177-178;
E. T. Connold, 175-177;
Colonel Coussmaker, 99-104;
Dr. J. Fletcher, 195-227;
Claude Fuller, 257;
A. W. George, 174;
D. D. Gibb, 128-148;
P. H. Grimshaw, 149-151;
L. O. Howard, 184-194;
C. P. Lounsbury, 252-257;
Rev. John Martin, 169-174;
J. C. Medd, 271-274;
Dr. A. Nalepa, 247-252;
Dr. E. Reuter, 244-247;
Dr. W. M. Schöyen, 237-243;
Robert Service, 106-8;
W. B. Tegetmeier, 159-168;
Professor Wallace, 275-325;
C. D. Wise, 151-159

Letters, destruction of, 97

_Leucania unipunctata_, 185

Lias, frontage of, 40, 41

“Licked” beef, 116

_Limnæa truncatula_, 144

_Limnephilus flavicornis_, 152

Lindeman, Dr., 197, 209, 212, 263

Lintner, Dr., 207;
letters from, 81, 82

_Lipoptera cervi_, Von Siebold and Loew, 140 (Fig.), 141 (Fig.), 180,
259, 265

_Lipoptera_ or _Lipoptena_, confusion between, 140

Lipscomb, Dr. Eustace, 194, 290, 293, 294, 322, 324;
on benefits of Miss Ormerod’s work, 75

_Lithobius forficatus_, “thirty-foot,” 235

Little, Professor Herbert, 76, 110, 279

Llancaut Church, 21, Pl. viii

LL.D. of Edinburgh University, 95, 193, 287, 289;
letters on, 294-297

Loch Dungeon, 104

Locust, capture of a strange, 53

Locust, South American migratory, _see_ _Schistocerca paranensis_
(Fig.)

Locusts, 144, 214, 218, 229

London, annual visit to, 16

London Farmers’ Club, lectures, 102, 299;
request, 110;
resolution, 300

London-purple, 183, 205

“Loopers,” 121, 146

Lords of Committee of Education invite Miss Ormerod to advise them, 87

Loudon’s “Arboretum,” 103

Lounsbury, C. P., 118, 187;
letters to and from, 193, 252

Loyalty, Miss Ormerod’s, 94

“Lyde, the,” 35

Lyell, Sir Charles, on the Aust “Bone Bed,” 40

=M=

“Mabie Moss,” _nom de plume_ of R. Service, 104, 106

MacDougall, Dr., 227, 291, 295, 302, 303;
as a colleague, 302, 303, 307, 317, 322, 323

Magpie moth, Currant and gooseberry, _see_ _Abraxas grossulariata_

Mail coach, Pls. xii., xiv.

Mails, the Newport, 50

Man, Dr. de, 79

Mangold attacked by _Atomaria linearis_, 230

“Manual of Injurious Insects,” Miss Ormerod’s, 65, 276, 300

Martin, Rev. John, letters to, 169-174

Mayer, Rev. Peter, 12

McEwan Hall, the, 292

Meade, Mr., of Bradford, 107, 205

Medals and Miss Ormerod’s other public distinctions, 95;
key to, 98, Pl. xxii

Medd, Mr., 259;
letters to, 271-274;
letter to on the Warble question, 116

Mediterranean flour moth, _see_ _Ephestia kuhniella_

_Melolontha vulgaris_, cockchafer 209, 233 (Fig.)

_Melophagus ovinus_, Linn., 141 (Fig.)

_Mermis_, 186;
_albicans_, 106

_Merodon narcissi_, Fab., 157, 158

_Meromyza_, 276

Meteorological observations at Isleworth, 80;
station, Pl. xx

_Miana_, 186

_Micrococcus bombycis_, 106

Midge, great, 137

Mik, Professor, on _Tabanidæ_, 20, 138;
on Deer Forest fly, 261;
decease of, 271

Mill Moth, _see_ _Ephestia kuhniella_

Millepede, 143 (Fig.)

Mite, _see_ _Phytoptus_

Modelling in plaster of Paris, Miss Ormerod’s taste for, 95

Moles at strawberry roots, 153

Morris, Little and Son’s emulsion, 121

_Mormonia nigromaculata_, 152 (Fig.)

Mosley’s models and figures of insects, 279

Mottled Umber moth, _see_ _Hybernia defoliaria_

Muir, Sir William, 284, 285, 298;
letter from, 301

Murray, Mr. Andrew, secretary, Royal Horticultural Society, 75

Murray, Mr. John, xx, 315, 319, 325

Murtfeldt, Miss, 256

Music, Miss Ormerod’s knowledge of, 95

Mustard beetle, _see_ _Phædon betulæ_

=N=

Nalepa, Dr., letters to, 247;
on the _Phytoptidæ_, 155, 218;
publications of, 176

Narcissus fly, 157

“Nature Knowledge,” 306

“Nature Study,” Mr. Medd’s, 259

Needlework, Miss Ormerod’s skill in, 95

Newman, Mr. T. P., 309, 325

Newstead, Mr. Robert, 64, 68, 84, 310

_Niptus hololeucus_, 262

Nixon, Mr., 145

Norman’s microscopic slides, Mr., 264, 265, 267

Nostril fly, of sheep, 304

=O=

Oak, “Ap Adam,” and “Hedgehog,” Pl. xxi, 93

Oak-leaf roller moth, _Tortrix viridana_, 145

Oak-leaf seaweed _(Delesseria)_, 39

Oak-trees injured by caterpillars, 222

Observations, Miss Ormerod’s arrangement of, 60, 61

_Œstridæ_, 118, 283

_œstrus ovis_, 76 (Fig.)

“Offa’s Dyke,” 18

Oilcakes and granary weevil, 262

_Oligotrophus alopecuri_, 244

Ontario Entomological Society, 73

“Orchard and bush fruits, Handbook of insects injurious to,” Miss
Ormerod’s, 229

Orchard growers, experimental committee of, 183

Ormerod, Arthur, 57;
the M.D., 291

Ormerod, Charlotte Anne, 8

Ormerod, E. L., M.D., author of “British Social Wasps,” 9, 57, 93

Ormerod, Eleanor Anne, birth, childhood, and education, 1-6;
fondness for animals, 7;
religious experiences, 27;
biographical sketch, 73-97;
courage, 92-93;
kindness to servants, 94;
medals, 97;
death, 325;
retirement, 328;
portraits, frontispiece, Pls. xx., xxix.

Ormerod, George, D.C.L., LL.D., author of “History of the County
Palatine and City of Chester,” 8, 11, 18, 19, 23, 28, 53, 56, 57,
Pls. ii., iii., xxx.

Ormerod, Mrs. George, 3, Pl. iii

Ormerod, Georgiana, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 16, 17, 18, 30, 73, Pl. xxvii

Ormerod, Rev. G. T. B., 57

Ormerod, Henry Mere, 34, 58

Ormerod, John Arderne, 13, 57

Ormerod, Laurence, 8

Ormerod, Oliver, 9

Ormerod, Thomas Johnson, 57

Ormerod, Wareing, 58

Ormerod, William, 57

Ormerod demesne and mansion, 8, Pl. xxviii

Ormerod family, descent from Edward I., 13;
branches of, 8-9;
dispersal of, 56

_Ornithomyia avicularia_, Linn. (Grouse fly), 264, 265 (Fig.)

_Osmia_ (Mason bee), 174

Ostrich parasite, 196

“Our Programme” leaflet, 272

Owen, Professor Richard, report on an _Ichthyosaurus_, 41

Oxford, Port Fellowship, 13, 57;
Tractarian Movement, 28

=P=

_Padina Pavonea_, 39

Palm Sunday or “Flowering Sunday,” 25

“Papist,” “The picture of a,” 10

Paraffin, 181

Parasites of _Lepidoptera_, 107, 108

Parasites of silkworm, 106

“Parentalia,” Dr. George Ormerod’s, 9, 13

“Paris-green,” 153, 183, 201;
as an insecticide, 203, 204, 205, 206;
pamphlets on, 207, 208

_Passer domesticus_, 159, 160 (Fig.), 188

_Passer montanus_, 162 ( Fig.)

Pea-weevil, _see_ _Sitones_

Peacock seaweed _(Padina pavonea)_, 39

Pension proposed for Miss Ormerod, 322

_Phædon betulæ_, 215 (Fig.)

Philips, Sir Thomas, mayor of Newport, 50

Photographs of Miss Ormerod, 227, 300, 302

_Phylloxera_, 155, 210

_Phytoptidæ_, 250

_Phytoptus galls_, 177

_Phytoptus pyri_, 249 (Fig.)

_Phytoptus ribis_, 153, 156, 251 (Fig.)

Pillischer’s preparations, 261

Pine beetle attack, 263, 264, 285

_Piophila casei_, Linn., 125 (Fig.), 256, 265

Plagiarism, prevention of, 62

Plan of work, Miss Ormerod’s, 78, 90

_Plasmodiophora brassicæ_, 213

Plum-wood, Shot-borers from, 200

_Plusia gamma_, Linn., 178 (Fig.)

_Plutella cruciferarum_, 130, 210, 211 (Fig.)

_Polydesmus complanatus_, 143 (Fig.)

Port Fellowship, Brasenose College, 13, 57

“Post-horn” beetle attack, 224

Potter, Professor M. C., 144

“Proceedings of the Convention of Fruit Growers,” 206

_Ptinus_, 263

Pupation of butterflies, 334

“Puritan,” “The picture of a,” 10

Puss moth, _see_ _Dicranura vinula_

Putcher for catching salmon, 36, 327, 328

“Putts” or “putchers,” 36 (Fig.)

_Pyrethrum_, 216

=Q=

“Quasi Cursores,” Hole’s, 308, 311

=R=

Rabies, an instance of, 92

Railway travelling, 46

Rassam, Mr. Hormuzd, 205

Red-currant mite, 157 _see_ _Phytoptus_

Redenhall-cum-Harleston, 57

“Red spider,” 145, 221 (Fig.), 300

Redwater “tick,” 193

Reports (annual), plan of preparations, 78;
discontinued, 66

_Retinia buoliana_, “Post-Horn,” 224

Reuter, Dr., letters to, 244

_Ribes nigrum_, 156

_Ribes rubrum_, 157

Rice weevil, _see_ _Calandra oryzæ_

Riley, Professor, 78, 80;
letters to, 179-184;
resignation of, 221, 223;
sketch of, 332, app.

Ritzema Bos, _see_ Bos

Roberts, Margaret, 17

Roman coins found near the Severn Cliffs, 174;
military station, 7;
pottery, 8, 174;
Pl xi.

Rothamsted, 203, 217, 298

Roundell, Charles, the “Rural Reader,” 273

Rural Economy, Sibthorpian Professor of, at Oxford, 225

“Ruricola,” _nom de plume_ of J. Curtis, 184

Rust-red flour beetle, _see_ _Tribolium ferrugineum_

=S=

Saddle fly, _Cecidomyia (Diplosis) equestris_, 137 (Fig.)

St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, 57

_Salix caprea_, 103

Salmon fishing on the Severn, 36

Samian cup, 175

San José scale, _see_ _Aspidiotus perniciosus_

Sap-wood beetle, _see_ _Scolytus pruni_

Saurian remains, 41, Pl. xi

Scale insects, 242, 257

Scarabæid beetles (rare), 222

Schaŭmerde, a sugar by-product, 236

“Scheele’s-green,” 201

_Schistocerca paranensis_, 229 (Fig.)

_Schizoneura lanigera_, Hausm, American blight, 142, 143, 144 (Fig.)

Schools, coloured diagrams for elementary, 99;
_see_ Diagrams

Schöyen, Dr., letters to, 237-239;
notes on wasps from, 218

Science and Art Department, invited to help, 87;
diagrams for, 88;
official plagiarism, 88

_Scolytus destructor_, Oliv., 169, 170 (Fig.);
_S. pruni_, Ratz., 270, 271 (Fig.)

Seaweeds, 39

Sedbury Park, 7, 14-19;
reminiscences of, 15;
routine of life at, 17, Pl. i

Servants, Miss Ormerod’s kindly treatment of, 94

Service, Mr. Robert, letter to, 99;
notes by, 104, 105

_Sesia bembeciformis_, _see_ _Trochilium_

Seth, Professor, letter from, 303

Severn and Wye, the, 33, Pl. ix

Severn, cliffs, Pl. x;
colour of, 35, 41;
shipping of, 36

“Shag” or “Chog,” 197

Sheep spider fly, or “ked,” 141 (Fig.);
nostril fly, 304, 305;
_see_ _Melophagus_

“Sheep Scab,” paper on, 299, 306

Shell-(snail)-slug, 191 (Fig.), 192

Shells, Miss Georgiana Ormerod’s love for, 3

Shot-borer, _see_ _Xyleborus dispar_

Signoret’s, Dr., opinion, 79

Silk, moths injuring, 219

_Silpha opaca_, Linn., 142 (Fig.)

_Silphidæ_, 219

“Silver-top” wheat, 197

Simpson, Mr. Wm., letter from, 72

_Sirex juvencus_, 81;
_S. gigas_, 81

_Sitones_ (pea-weevil), 226

_Sitophilus granarius_, 262;
_S. oryzæ_, 262

_Sitotroga (Gelechia) cerealella_, 188

“Slime” fungus, 213

Smirke, Sir Robert, 7

Smith and Co.’s flour, Messrs., 266

Smith, John B., 257

Smith, Sir Robert Murdoch, reference to, 284

Snail-slug, 191 (Fig.), 192

Snellen, Mr., on “Great” and “Small” tortoiseshell butterflies, 131

Sparrow, Hedge, 162

Sparrow, House, _Passer domesticus_, 160-168, 160 (Fig.)

Sparrow leaflet, 163, 166, 167, 225;
extract from, 164

“Sparrow, Spare the,” 165

“Sparrow, The House,” Tegetmeier’s, 167, 168

Sparrow, Tree, _Passer montanus_, 162 (Fig.)

Sparrows, repeal of laws in America protecting, 161

“Spider” fly, 304

“Spinach moth,” 231

“Splint,” a sap-wood beetle, _Scolytus pruni_, 271 (Fig.)

Sprayers, 208

Spret, _Juncus articulatus_, 104

St. Alban’s Show, Prince and Princess of Wales at, 123;
exhibit for, 123

Stebbing, E. P., 307

Stein, or Hartman quoted by Stein, 260

Stem eel-worms, 209 (Fig.)

Steven lecturer, on Agricultural Entomology in Edinburgh University,
282, _see_ Fream, Dr.

Stewart’s, Prince Charles, march to Manchester, 10

St. Petersburg International Exhibition, 19

Stock flies, 304, 307

Strathconan Deer Forest flies, 260, 261

Strawberries, moles at, 153;
eel-worms at, 204;
beetles at, 223

Strigul, ancient name of Chepstow, 8

“Strigulensia,” George Ormerod’s, 7, 21

Subpœna, a, 69

Sufferings, political, of “Tyldesley” in 1745, 10

=T=

_Tabanidæ_, 138, 141, 145, 150

_Tabanus autumnalis_, 136;
_bovinus_, Linn., 135 (Fig.), 136

_Tachina_ fly, 106;
larvæ, 186

Taschenberg’s, Dr., “Die Praktische Insektenkunde,” 277

Taylor, Dr., 284;
letter from, 310

Tecla, St., chapel of, 33

Tegetmeier, Mr., letters to, 159-168

_Tenebrioides mauritanicus_, 70

Teriacus, Tecla, or Treacle, Saint, 33

_Testacella haliotidea_, Draparnaud, shell-slug, 191 (Fig.), 192

Texas fever, 193, 257

Thackeray, death of Mrs., 6

“Thrips,” 185, 197

Thursby, John Ormerod Scarlett, 9

Thursby, Rev. William, 9

Thursby, Sir John Hardy, 9

_Thysanoptera_, 185

Ticks causing “redwater,” 193, 257

Tidenham church, 18, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 29, Pl. vii

Timberman beetle, 224 (Fig.)

Time-table, mail coach, 44

Tintern Abbey, Pl. v

_Tipula_, daddy longlegs or crane fly, 64, 284

Toasts of the rival kings, 11

Toddington Experimental Committee, 201, 203, 204, 207, 248, 277, 333

Tomato root-knot eel-worm, 213 (Fig.), 214

Torquay, 73

Torrington House, St. Albans, 19, 73, Pl. xix;
an “at home” at, 86

Tortoiseshell butterflies, 129, 131

_Tortrix viridana_, 145 (Fig.), 146

Townhead Farm, Closeburn, Dumfriesshire, 104

Transportation of wingless females by winged males, 183

Travelling in olden times, 43-46

Treacle, or Tryacle, Island, 33

_Tribolium ferrugineum_, Fab., 70, 72, 266 (Fig.)

Trinity College School, Port Hope, Canada, destruction of by fire, 227

_Triton cristatus_, Miss Ormerod’s paper on, 59

_Trochilium bembeciforme_, 103

_Trogosita mauritanica_, 70, 72

Trout crammed with “hill-grub,” 105

“Tulip root,” 65, 209 (Fig.)

Turnip caterpillars, 101;
fly or flea beetle, 76;
mud beetle (_Helophorus rugosus_), 108;
saw fly, 211

Tyldesley, 1, 7, 10

_Tylenchus devastatrix_, 79, 190, 209 (Fig.);
attacking clover, 226

=V=

_Vanessa polychloros_, Great Tortoiseshell butterfly, 129 (Fig.), 130,
186

“Venus” shells, 40

Verney, Sir Harry, 121

Verrall’s List of British Diptera, 157

Vere Street Chapel, London, preachers at, 26, 27

Voelcker, Dr. A., on gas lime, 195

Voles, report on, 104

=W=

Wales, Prince and Princess of, 123, 124

Wallace, Professor, an ally and friend, 227;
letters to, 275-325

Wallace, Dr. Quintin, M.A., death of, 281

Warble fly, _see_ _Hypoderma bovis_

Ward, Mr., 125

Warington, Professor, Sibthorpian lecturer, 225, 298

Wasps, 17, 218, 220, 273

“Wasps, British Social,” by Dr. E. L. Ormerod, 93

Wasp’s nest, 241 (Fig.)

Watercresses attacked by Caddis worms, 151, 282

Waterloo, news of battle of, 31

Waterloo Station, accident at, 77

“Water moth,” _see_ _Mormonia nigromaculata_

Water-snails, 144

Weed seed for adulterating imports, 276

Weevil, _see_ _Bruchus_, injuries to bean and pea seed, 143

Weevils in flour, 72, 262

Westminster, Mr. Bailey’s correspondence with the Duke of, 111

West, Newman & Co., Messrs., 277, 302

Westwood, Professor, 78, 80, 205, 279, 280;
letter from, 81

Whalley, Whitaker’s history of, 8

Whateley, Archbishop, 27

Wheat cleaning, 275;
“silver-top” or “white eared,” 197;
wheat with Hessian fly maggot, 131 (Fig.)

Whipple’s experiment with larvæ, 211

White ants destroying cocoa trees, 268

Whitehead, Mr. Charles, 76

Wild tribes of India, 309

William IV., 1

William of Worcester quoted, 34

Willow weevil, 267

Winter moth, 146 (Fig.), traps, 183;
_see_ _Cheimatobia_

Wire worm, 206

Wise, letters to Mr., 151, 152

Woburn report on mite-galls, 157;
Experimental Fruit Grounds, 226

Wood leopard moth (_Zeuzera æsculi_), 102 (Fig.)

Woolastone, 22

Woolly aphis, 144

Work, plan of Miss Ormerod’s, 78

Writing, Miss Ormerod’s early love for, 2;
specimen of, 89

Wye, free railway passage over, 208;
map of lower valley, Pl. ix;
railway bridge on, Pl. xxvi

=X=

_Xyleborus dispar_, Fab., 182, 198, 199 (Fig.), 331 (App. D)

_Xyleborus pyri_, 198

_Xyleborus saxeseni_, 188, 263

=Y=

Yeats, Dr. John, on saurian remains, 41

=Z=

_Zeuzera æsculi_, Linn., 102 (Fig.)

Zimmermann, A., trials with “formalin,” 220

Zoology, Dr. Claus’ text-book of, 276

Zoology, Hope Professorship of, at Oxford, 280

LONDON: WEST, NEWMAN AND CO., HATTON GARDEN.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

FOOTNOTES

-----

Footnote 1:

See letter to the Editor dated June 14, 1900, p. 304.

Footnote 2:

Figs. C. and D. (pp. 160 and 162) are borrowed from Yarrell’s _British
Birds_ by permission of Messrs. Gurney & Jackson.

Footnote 3:

About that period it was the practice for men who became leading
architects to undergo a thorough classical training, including a
lengthened course of practical study on the continent of Europe—the
results of which are in evidence in so many public buildings then
erected in London.

Footnote 4:

See George Ormerod’s _Strigulensia, Archæological Memoirs relating to
the district adjacent to the confluence of the Severn and Wye_ (1861).

Footnote 5:

See pp. 345, 355, 3rd edition.

Footnote 6:

See _Parentalia, Genealogical Memoirs_, by Geo. Ormerod, D.C.L.,
F.R.S., pp. 3-8, for records and evidences regarding successive
generations of the family from 1311 onwards, as existing in
Inquisitions; Pedigrees in College of Arms; Duchy Records; Clithero
Records, and other official sources quoted in the work.—(E.A.O.)

Footnote 7:

Anne, born 1739, by a first marriage, married Charles Ford.

Footnote 8:

_Hist. Ches._, vol. i. p. 43.

Footnote 9:

For details and genealogical tables of descent (accompanied by
armorial bearings) regarding the above-named families, and many others
of the old families of the Counties Palatine of Lancashire and
Cheshire, now more or less passed away, see _Parentalia_, by George
Ormerod, cited _ante_ in note, p. 9, with an absolutely enormous
amount of reference to documentary evidence, often in itself of much
antiquarian interest (E.A.O.).

Footnote 10:

The daughter of Mr. Henry Latham, resident in Italy.

Footnote 11:

Sarah Ormerod died in 1860 aged 75 years.

Footnote 12:

_Strigulensia Archæological Memoirs relating to the District adjacent
to the confluence of the Severn and the Wye_, by Geo. Ormerod, D.C.L.,
F.R.S., of Tyldesley and Sedbury Park, MDCCCLXI., pp. 84-88.
Re-arranged from a Memoir in _Archæologia_ (by above author), XXIX.,
p. 17.

Footnote 13:

Alfred C. Fryer, Ph.D., M.A., begins an admirable, fully illustrated
paper on “Leaden Fonts” in the _Archælogical Journal_, March, 1900,
with the following statements: There are 27 leaden fonts situated in
12 counties in the south, east and west of England—8 in Gloucester, 3
in Berks, 3 in Kent, 3 in Sussex, 2 in Oxford, 2 in Hereford, 1 in
Derby, 1 in Dorset, 1 in Hants, 1 in Lincoln, 1 in Norfolk and 1 in
Surrey. Several of these date from the latter part of the 11th and the
12th centuries. A few belonged to the 13th, 14th and 15th centuries,
and the latest has the date 1689 impressed upon it. They are all
tub-shaped, with the exception of two, namely, a hexagon and a
cylindrical bowl. The older fonts all possessed covers, and several
retain the markings to which the locks were attached. The deepest bowl
(outside measurement) is 16 inches. The most shallow bowl is at Parham
in Sussex, and it is only 8½ inches in depth. The diameters also vary
considerably from 32 inches to 18½ inches.—(ED.).

Footnote 14:

“And I saw in the right hand of Him that sat on the throne, a book
written within, and on the backside sealed with seven seals.”

Footnote 15:

“The Oxford Movement” or “Catholic Revival” was initiated as a result
of statutory changes in the position of the Church of Ireland, which
it was feared might ultimately be extended to England. The position
and possible danger of the Church were fully discussed in the _Tracts
for the Times_, ninety in number, issued from Oxford during the nine
years, 1833-41, and chiefly written by Newman, Keble, Pusey, Williams,
and Froude. The object of the movement was to rouse the members of the
whole Anglican Community to promote corporate reforms in the Anglican
Church as a National Institution—changes which the Evangelical Revival
of the end of the eighteenth century had failed to introduce. The line
adopted in the movement has been described as “a _via media_ between
Roman Catholicism and Reformation doctrines.” (ED.).

Footnote 16:

Afterwards Bishop of Grahamstown, Cape Colony.

Footnote 17:

My notes are taken from the copy of a plan (now before me) by my
brother Henry Mere Ormerod, solicitor, Manchester: see page 58.

Footnote 18:

The _Sailing Directions for the West Coast of England_, published by
the Hydrographic Department of the Admiralty, says:—“Depths: There is
a depth of about 46 feet in the river to Chepstow at high water
springs, and 36 feet at high water neaps.” “Tides: It is high water,
full and change, at Chepstow at 7 h. 30 m. local or 7 h. 41 m.
Greenwich time; mean springs rise 38 feet and neaps 28½ feet. The tide
has, however, been known to rise as high as 56 feet.” (E.A.O.)

Footnote 19:

See Appendix A.

Footnote 20:

See quotations in _Hist. of British Quadrupeds, including the
Cetacea_, by Thomas Bell, F.R.S., &c. pp. 469-472.

Footnote 21:

_Manual of Elementary Geology_, by Sir Charles Lyell, F.R.S., fifth
edition, 1855, pp. 337, 338.

Footnote 22:

For some years previously the possibility of transmission, at a low
rate of speed, of goods or mineral products had been established by
George and Robert Stephenson, against great opposition in some cases.

Footnote 23:

Chartism was an excited, and, in some instances, violent political
movement which occurred in Great Britain consequent upon the dire
distress and poverty of the labouring classes in the thirties of the
nineteenth century, and their disappointment with the results of the
Reform Bill of 1832. In June, 1839, a monster petition was presented
to the House of Commons with 1,280,000 names attached. Its
unsympathetic reception fanned the rebellious spirit abroad among the
working classes and led to an increase of unruly disturbances, and to
the outbreak at Newport, here described. The movement collapsed in
1848, and with the development of the industrial prosperity of the
country, largely due to the use of steam power in manufacturing
centres, and the vast improvement of the economic and social condition
of the people, together with greater political freedom, any return of
the perfectly natural, if not even justifiable, spirit of discontent
became impossible. (ED.).

Footnote 24:

_The Trial of John Frost for High Treason_ under a Special Commission
held at Monmouth, in December 1839, and January, 1840, (p. 58).
London, Saunders and Benning, Law Booksellers, 43, Fleet Street, 1840.
(E.A.O.)

Footnote 25:

_Manual of British Coleoptera, or Beetles_, published by Longmans,
Green & Co., 1839. In Miss Ormerod’s copy is a pencil note: “J.F.S.,
died 1853.”

Footnote 26:

He had resigned the Archdeaconry in 1868.

Footnote 27:

Miss Ormerod had been a contributor to scientific literature for some
years before this date. Writing in 1900 she says:—“My first regular
paper was printed in the Journal of Linn. Soc., vol. xi., No. 56,
Zoology, July 18, 1873, on _The Cutaneous Exudation of the ‘Triton
cristatus.’_ I think it is sound and unusual!”

Footnote 28:

To such of my readers as possess some portion only of the early
series, it may be of interest to point out that the observations, up
to those for 1880 inclusive, were arranged, not as afterwards, as
detached papers, placed alphabetically under the heading of the names
of the crops to which they referred, but under the numbers given in
the successive preceding guide lists issued for the use of
observers—as for instance, “6, _Anthomyia ceparum_, Onion fly;” or
“25, _Abraxas grossulariata_, Magpie moth” (fig. 9).

These were arranged numerically, from “1” onwards, all the
observations on one kind of insect attack being arranged successively
in a long unbroken paragraph under the selected number, together with
the name of the pest. For want of better knowledge of the requisites
for a readable as well as useful report, I condensed the information
into as few words as possible, with few, if any, breaks in the long
paragraphs, and so, until 1880, the results (excepting to technical
readers) could not be considered “taking.” If any of my entomological
readers will turn to a very useful work, the _Forst Zoologie_, of Dr.
Bernard Altum, they will see in the second division of the “Insecten”
at pp. 36, 37, and again at pp. 162, 163, the difficulties that are
thrown in the way of comfortably grasping the subject, by the matter
being printed continuously without breaks. This, however, as well as
many other things, I had then still to learn. (E.A.O.)

Footnote 29:

This consideration induced the Editor to introduce many figures of
insects into the chapters of correspondence in the present volume.

Footnote 30:

Messrs. Horace Knight and E. C. Knight, of the staff of Messrs West,
Newman & Co., 54, Hatton Garden, London.

Footnote 31:

Curator of the Grosvenor Museum, Chester.

Footnote 32:

On November 26, 1899, Miss Ormerod wrote to Mr. Newstead:—

“I am delighted with our index—the more I examine it the better I like
it. Some acknowledgments have come in already, and they are most
pleasantly cordial. All are delighted to have such a good reference
work.... One recipient suggests the index would be more serviceable to
him if he had a complete set of my reports! He absolutely enclosed a
list of deficiencies, but I thought he had best buy, and only sent him
that for 1896.”

Other letters she wrote about the index “were on much the same lines,
and one refers to the cordial letter received from the Board of
Agriculture” (ED.).

Footnote 33:

Preface to “Twenty-fourth Report of Observations of Injurious
Insects.” By E. A. Ormerod, LL.D., p. vii.

Footnote 34:

See Appendix B.

Footnote 35:

The Entomological Society of Ontario was originated by Dr. Saunders
and Dr. Bethune nearly forty years ago. Its headquarters are in
London, Ontario, and it has branches in Toronto, Montreal and Quebec.
Its publications are the monthly _Canadian Entomologist_, now in its
thirty-fifth volume, and thirty-three annual reports to the
Legislature of Ontario on _Noxious and Beneficial Insects_. Miss
Ormerod was an Honorary Member.

Footnote 36:

Details were given in a letter to Colonel Coussmaker of August 1,
1885, p. 99.

Footnote 37:

See “Letters from Huxley,” pp. 85-87.

Footnote 38:

The late Allen Harker, Professor of Biology at the Royal Agricultural
College, Cirencester.

Footnote 39:

Who died in Rome while on a visit to Europe.

Footnote 40:

The Editor, having been present, is able to give this statement on his
own authority.

Footnote 41:

The organiser of and first Senior Examiner in the Agriculture
Department, South Kensington.

Footnote 42:

Edmund Beckett, K.C., LL.D., J.P., 1st Baron (1886), Chancellor and
Vicar-General of York, 1877-1900. The work of the restoration of St.
Albans Abbey was carried out under his direction. (See p. 296.)

Footnote 43:

In addition to the individual appreciation of her correspondents and
fellow-workers, Miss Ormerod’s position in the world of science was
recognised by scientific and educational bodies in a manner which was
most gratifying to her. She was Honorary Doctor of Laws of the
University of Edinburgh; Fellow of the Royal Meteorological Society,
London; (for ten years) Consulting Entomologist to the Royal
Agricultural Society of England; (for three years) Examiner in
Agricultural Entomology in the University of Edinburgh (1896-8);
Fellow of the Entomological Society, London; Hon. Fellow of the
Entomological Society, Stockholm; Member of the Entomological Society,
Washington, U.S.A.; Member of the Association of official Economic
Entomologists, Washington, U.S.A.; Hon. Member of the London Farmers’
Club; Honorary and Corresponding Member of the Royal Agricultural and
Horticultural Society of South Australia; Hon. Member of the
Entomological Society of Ontario, and Corresponding Member of the
Field Naturalists’ Club of Ontario, Canada; and Member of the Eastern
Province Naturalists’ Society, Cape Colony.

Footnote 44:

List of the Hon. Graduates of 1900, given in the alphabetical order in
which they graduated:—(1) Horatio Robert Forbes Brown, J.P., Editor of
the Calendars of State Papers (Venetian) for the Public Record Office.
(2) His Excellency the Hon. Joseph Hodges Choate, Ambassador for the
United States of America, London. (3) Miss Eleanor A. Ormerod,
F.R.Met.Soc., F.E.S. (4) C. D. F. Phillips, M.D., LL.D. (5) The Rev.
Thomas Smith, M.A., D.D., lately Professor of Evangelistic Theology in
the Free Church College, Edinburgh. (6) William Ritchie Sorley, M.A.,
Regius Professor of Moral Philosophy, University of Aberdeen. (7)
Anderson Stuart, M.D., Professor of Physiology in the University of
Sydney.

Footnote 45:

“ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF ENGLAND.

“Coloured Diagrams of Insects Injurious to Farm Crops, suitable for
Elementary Schools. Prepared by Miss E. A. Ormerod, F.R.Met.Soc., Hon.
Consulting Entomologist to the Society. A series of Six Diagrams,
viz.: Large White Cabbage Butterfly; Turnip Fly or Flea Beetle; Beet
Fly; Wireworm and Click Beetle; Hop Aphis or Green Fly, with
Lady-bird; Daddy Longlegs or Crane Fly. In various stages, with
methods of prevention. On paper, 5s.; for each Diagram, 1s. Mounted on
linen and varnished, 8s.; for each Diagram, 1s. 6d. Procurable from
the Secretary.”

Footnote 46:

These observations are extracted from part of a series published under
the geographical _nom de plume_ of “Mabie Moss,” this (sometime) moss
district having been long under the observation of Mr. Service—not a
young lady, as Miss Ormerod conjectured, but a well-known
ornithologist who also takes a considerable interest in Economic
Entomology (ED.).

Footnote 47:

_Vide_ Report of the Departmental Committee appointed by the Board of
Agriculture to inquire into a plague of field voles in Scotland (Sir
Herbert E. Maxwell, M.P., Chairman). Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1893.

Footnote 48:

Of the “Dumfries Herald and Courier.”

Footnote 49:

Disease caused by _Micrococcus bombycis_.

Footnote 50:

In _Larvæ of British Butterflies and Moths_ (Ray Society).

Footnote 51:

_Exorista lota_, “not an uncommon fly, and parasitic on several
_Lepidoptera_.”—Meade.

Footnote 52:

Recent record of Warbles extracted by the Aldersey Schoolboys and
brought to the Headmaster:—

1895, 1,022; 1896, 2,596; 1897, 3,965; 1898, 1,706; 1899, 2,252; 1900,
1,851; 1901, 1,391; 1902, 1,066—Total, 15,849.

Footnote 53:

Mr. Bailey writes in August, 1902:—“The Haberdashers’ Company are the
Governors of my school, and at our Midsummer distribution of prizes in
June, 1882, Mr. Curtis, who was a member of the deputation who visited
us in that year, suggested that it would be a good thing to give
instruction to the boys on Injurious Insects. Failing to obtain a
lecturer through South Kensington, at my suggestion, he called on Miss
Ormerod. She suggested that I should take the subject, and added that
she would give me all the assistance in her power. From that day up to
the day of her death she took the kindest interest in our work. She
presented to the school many books, beautiful diagrams, and a series
of insect cases [prepared by Mosley of the Huddersfield Museum, after
the cases arranged by Professor Westwood and Miss Ormerod for the S.
and A. Museum at Bethnal Green], and was a liberal donor of prizes at
Midsummer from 1885 to 1901 (both inclusive). Every Midsummer she
kindly wrote a letter to be read on that occasion to the boys. I think
I ought to add that the Haberdashers’ Company were good enough to make
a grant of £25 to start us with this new subject, and have since
generously supported the carrying on of the work.”

Footnote 54:

Continuation of Miss Ormerod’s letter to Mr. Bailey.

Footnote 55:

See Chaps. xix.-xx. for letters to Dr. Fletcher.

Footnote 56:

See Chap. xxii.

Footnote 57:

Letters to Mr. Bailey continued.

Footnote 58:

This refers to Bunbury only, where we had nearly a “clean bill” in
that year. The maggots brought were found in the adjoining parishes. I
have in late years granted the boys a “roving commission.” _On their
bicycles_ they visit farms which are many miles away from their homes.
(W. B.).

Footnote 59:

See Appendix C.

Footnote 60:

Now “Kirkdale,” Spencer Road, Bournemouth.

Footnote 61:

The attack is caused by the small black and yellow fly, figured above.
She lays an egg on the barley sheath; the maggot from this attacks the
ear, then eats a channel down one side of the stem to the first knot,
and then turns to chrysalis state within the leaves.—(E. A. O.)

Footnote 62:

The victim was a resident in the New Forest district, and the sting or
bite was followed by severe local inflammation. Blood poisoning
supervened and caused death. (ED.).

Footnote 63:

See also a paper on Deer botflies, in _Entom. Monthly Magazine_, 1898,
by Mr. E. E. Austin, Brit. Museum.

Footnote 64:

Extracted from a letter of Miss Ormerod to Mr. D. D. Gibb. (See Chap.
XV.)

Footnote 65:

This, or its equivalent, the immediate and diligent pinching of
infested buds with finger and thumb, has proved the most practical
remedy (ED.).

Footnote 66:

A great authority on the life history of animals; author of a standard
work on pheasants, and numerous works on poultry, pigeons, and horses,
mules, and mule-breeding; on the staff of “The Field” for nearly half
a century; an old Member of the “British Ornithologists’ Union.”

Footnote 67:

_The House Sparrow_, published by Vinton & Co., at 1s., contains Miss
Ormerod’s original leaflet as an appendix.

Footnote 68:

The author of _Farm Insects_ (to this day the most beautifully
illustrated standard work in English on the subject) died at Islington
on 6th October, 1862.

Footnote 69:

The larva of a noctuid moth which now and then appears in great
numbers in America, marching over the country and destroying young
grain crops, grasses, &c.

Footnote 70:

Printed by King, Sell, & Railton, Limited, 12, Gough Square, and 4,
Bolt Court, E.C.

Footnote 71:

This was a purely metaphorical expression (ED.).

Footnote 72:

An arseniate is a salt of arsenic acid, while an arsenite is a salt of
arsenious acid.

Footnote 73:

See letters to Mr. Wise in chapter XVI.

Footnote 74:

See Appendix E.

Footnote 75:

This reference is to the destruction by fire of the main building of
Trinity College School, Port Hope, Canada, of which Mr. Bethune was
Head Master for a period of 29 years ending 1899.

Footnote 76:

Containing Miss Ormerod’s Meteorological Observations.

Footnote 77:

The death of her sister Georgiana.

Footnote 78:

State Entomologist of New York.

Footnote 79:

Mrs. Bethune was killed in a carriage accident in July, 1898.

Footnote 80:

“Schaŭmerde,” is a product of the fabrication of sugar, which contains
the mineral parts, the salts, of the sugar beet. Therefore it is good
for manuring this crop. (J. R. B.)

Footnote 81:

This species described by me later under the name _Oligotrophus
alopecuri_, n. sp. (Zwei neue Cecidomyinen, Acta Soc. pro Fauna et
Flora Fennica xi., No. 8, 1895, p. 3-9, Taf. i, Fig. 1-9) (E.R.).

Footnote 82:

The larvæ of this species infested badly the apple fruits in the whole
of Finland in the summer of 1898. (Cfr. “Ent. Rec.,” xi., No. 2, 1899,
pp. 37-39, and “Can. Ent.,” xxxi., 1899, pp. 12-14).—E. R.

Footnote 83:

Miss Ormerod had recommended Mr. Fuller for the appointment he secured
in Natal.

Footnote 84:

This note refers to a fire in Mr. Lounsbury’s department and to the
investigation of red water fever in cattle produced by ticks.

Footnote 85:

With one possible exception the most destructive beetle of British
forestry.

Footnote 86:

A favourite West Country expression of Miss Ormerod.

Footnote 87:

The caterpillars of the Goat moth feed in poplar, willow, elm, oak,
lime, and beech, as well as in apple, pear, walnut, and other trees.
(E. A. O.)

Footnote 88:

The Agricultural Education Committee, 10, Queen Anne’s Gate,
Westminster, S.W., was formed in the autumn of 1899, with Sir W.
Hart-Dyke, Bart., M.P., as Chairman, and the Rt. Hon. Henry Hobhouse,
M.P., as Hon. Secretary. (J. C. M.)

Footnote 89:

One of the leaflets issued by the Agricultural Education Committee.

Footnote 90:

Another leaflet of the series issued by the Agricultural Education
Committee, but one which Miss Ormerod did not appreciate.

Footnote 91:

The paper on “Wasps” was lent by Mr. Medd to Mr. Chas. Roundell who
incorporated it in his unique little volume, the _Rural Reader_,
Horace Marshall & Co. (ED.).

Footnote 92:

Issued by the Agricultural Education Committee.

Footnote 93:

_India in 1887._ Published by Oliver and Boyd.

Footnote 94:

Miss Ormerod did not latterly oppose Darwinianism, but we are not
aware that she ever accepted it. (ED.).

Footnote 95:

See note ante p. 79.

Footnote 96:

Of Mosley’s Insect cases with a view to suiting the Agriculture
Department, Edinburgh University.

Footnote 97:

Quintin MacAdam Wallace, M.A., a Graduate (1st Class Honours) in
Medicine and Surgery of Edinburgh University.

Footnote 98:

Dr. Fream had been, as a result of the recommendation of Miss Ormerod,
appointed Steven Lecturer on Agricultural Entomology in Edinburgh
University.

Footnote 99:

After a full term of three years, by ordinance, an examiner is not
immediately eligible for re-appointment.

Footnote 100:

“On the Production of New Breeds of Crop Plants by Multiple
Cross-fertilization.”

Footnote 101:

A suggestion that Dr. MacDougall should collaborate with Miss Ormerod
in bringing out the book.

Footnote 102:

Messrs. Knight, one or other, have been my artists for many years. I
should like the printing to be, as usual, in the hands of Messrs.
West, Newman & Co. Mr. T. P. Newman has superintended my printing for
so many years. (E. A. O.)

Footnote 103:

Professor James Seth delivered the address to student graduates at the
ceremonial at which Miss Ormerod received the LL.D.

Footnote 104:

One hundred copies of Miss Ormerod’s _Manual of Injurious Insects_,
were distributed gratuitously to persons specially selected by us as
likely to be interested in the subject matter and capable of spreading
a knowledge of it (ED.).

Footnote 105:

Lecture at the London Farmers’ Club on Sheep Scab.

Footnote 106:

_Tessarotoma papillosa_, Dravy. (O. E. J.)

Footnote 107:

We were at the time actually at war with China, although nominally the
united Powers of Europe were fighting the Boxers.

Footnote 108:

A digest of the Indian Famine Commission Reports down to October,
1898, read as the Inaugural Address on the opening of the course of
“Garton Lectures” on Colonial and Indian Agriculture. Published by
Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh.

Footnote 109:

A copy of _Quasi Cursores_, portraits of the high officials and
professors of the University of Edinburgh and its Tercentenary
Festival. Drawn and etched by William Hole, A.R.S.A. David Douglas,
Edinburgh, 1884.

Footnote 110:

From the Governor of Lagos arranging a personal interview.

Footnote 111:

This reference was made to a cold draught experienced in church.

Footnote 112:

A letter written to defend the position of the Board of Agriculture
for Ireland against an unwarranted attack of a Cork correspondent of
the London “Times” (ED.).

Footnote 113:

The first examination paper set in connection with the “Garton” course
of lectures (ED.).

Footnote 114:

A paper on “Agriculture in South Africa,” read before the Royal
Colonial Institute on 12th of March, 1901.

Footnote 115:

A silver tea service of Indian work presented in recognition of a
public service.

Footnote 116:

On this date a note of instructions was left to Miss Ormerod’s
trustees to deliver to us the “Reminiscences” papers, &c. The end of
the note is as follows:—

“And I request Professor Wallace, being a friend in whom I
feel complete confidence, to accept the above, and use or not
use them for the purpose precisely as in his good discretion
he may think fit.”

Footnote 117:

See _Log Book of a Fisherman_, &c., by Frank Buckland, M.A., pp. 366,
367.

Footnote 118:

The substance of the foregoing statement was supplied by Dr. Bethune.
The following (condensed) obituary notice by Professor A. S. Packard,
of Brown University, and referred to by Miss Ormerod, appeared in
“Science,” and subsequently in the “Canadian Entomologist.”

------------------------------------------------------------------------

● Transcriber’s Notes:
○ Missing or obscured punctuation was silently corrected.
○ Typographical errors were silently corrected.
○ All footnotes have been gathered and moved to the end of the book.
○ Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation were made consistent only
when a predominant form was found in this book.
○ Text that was in italics is enclosed by underscores (_italics_);
text that was bold by “equal” signs (=bold=).
○ The use of a caret (^) before a letter, or letters, shows that the
following letter or letters was intended to be a superscript, as
in S^t Bartholomew or 10^{th} Century.