Chapter XI: Appendix

The foregoing essays are derived from the following works.

“The Spirit of Castile”--_En Torno al Casticismo_, 1895, _Ensayos_, Vol. I.

“Spanish Individualism”--_El Individualismo Español_ (_A propósito del libro_ de Martin A. S. Hume, “The Spanish People: Their Origin, Growth and Influence,” London, 1901), 1902, _Ensayos_, Vol. IV.

“Some Arbitrary Reflections upon Europeanization”--_Sobre la Europeizacion_ (_Arbitrariedades_), 1906, _Ensayos_, Vol. VII.

“The Spanish Christ”--_Mi Religión y Otros Ensayos_ (_El Cristo Español_), 1910.

“The Sepulchre of Don Quixote”--Introduction to 2nd edition of _La Vida de Don Quijote y Sancho_, 1913. (Originally published in _La España Moderna_, February, 1906.)

“The Helmet of Mambrino”--_La Vida de Don Quijote y Sancho_, Part I, Chap. XLV.

“Don Quixote’s Niece”--_La Vida de Don Quijote y Sancho_, Part II, Chap. LXXIV.

“The Religion of Quixotism”--_Del Sentimiento Trágico de la Vida_ (_Don Quijote en la Tragi-Comedia Europea Contemporánea_), 1912.

“Large and Small Towns”--_Por Tierras de Portugal y de España_ (_Grandes y Pequeñas Ciudades_), 1908.

“To My Readers”--_Soliloquios y Conversaciones_ (_A Mis Lectores_), 1911.

“Soliloquies”--_Soliloquios y Conversaciones_ (_Soliloquios_ and _Desahogo Lirico_), 1911.

“My Religion”--_Mi Religión y Otros Ensayos_, 1910.

“Solitude”--_Soledad_, 1905, _Ensayos_, Vol. VI.

“Intellectuality and Spirituality”--_Intellectualidad y Espiritualidad_, 1904, _Ensayos_, Vol. IV.

“The Materialism of the Masses”--_Mi Religión y Otros Ensayos_, (_Materialismo Popular_, 1909).

“The Man of Flesh and Bone,” “The Problem of Immortality,” “Creative Faith”--_Del Sentimiento Trágico de la Vida_, 1912.

“The Song of the Eternal Waters”--_Mi Religión y Otros Ensayos_ (_El Canto de las Aguas Eternas_, 1909).

“The Tower of Monterrey”--_Andanzas y Visiones Españolas_ (_La Torre de Monterrey_, 1916).

BIBLIOGRAPHY

_PAZ EN LA GUERRA_ (Peace in War. Novel). Fernando Fé, Madrid, 1897.

_DE LA ENSEÑANZA SUPERIOR EN ESPAÑA_ (Secondary Education in Spain). _Revista Nueva_, Madrid, 1899.

_TRES ENSAYOS_ (Three Essays). B. Rodriguez Serra, Madrid, 1900.

_AMOR Y PEDAGOGIA_ (Love and Pedagogy. Novel). Heinrich y Cia. Barcelona, 1902.

_PAISAJES_ (Landscapes). Colon, Salamanca, 1902.

_DE MI PAIS_ (About My Country). Fernando Fé, Madrid, 1903.

_VIDA DE DON QUIJOTE Y SANCHO_ según Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra explicada y comentada por Miguel de Unamuno (Life of Don Quixote and Sancho, with explanation and commentary by Miguel de Unamuno). Renacimiento, Madrid, 1905. Second edition, with introductory article, _El Sepulcro de Don Quijote_, 1913.

_POESIAS._ Fernando Fé y Victoriano Suarez, Madrid, 1907.

_RECUERDOS DE NIÑEZ Y DE MOCEDAD_ (Recollections of Childhood and Youth). Fernando Fé y Victoriano Suarez, Madrid, 1908.

_MI RELIGION Y OTROS ENSAYOS BREVES_ (My Religion and other short essays). Renacimiento, Madrid, 1910.

_POR TIERRAS DE PORTUGAL Y DE ESPAÑA_ (Travels in Portugal and Spain). Renacimiento, Madrid, 1911.

_ROSARIO DE SONETOS LIRICOS_ (Rosary of Lyrical Sonnets). Fernando Fé y Victoriano Suarez, Madrid, 1911.

_SOLILOQUIOS Y CONVERSACIONES_ (Soliloquies and Conversations). Biblioteca Renacimiento, Madrid, 1912.

_CONTRA ESTO Y AQUELLO_ (Against This and That). Renacimiento, Madrid, 1912.

_EL PORVENIR DE ESPAÑA_ (The Future of Spain. A series of open letters exchanged between Miguel de Unamuno and Angel Ganivet, reprinted from _El Defensor de Granada_). Renacimiento, Madrid, 1912.

_EL ESPEJO DE LA MUERTE_ (The Mirror of Death. Short Stories). Renacimiento, Madrid, 1913.

_DEL SENTIMIENTO TRÁGICO DE LA VIDA EN LOS HOMBRES Y EN LOS PUEBLOS_ (The Tragic Sense of Life in Men and Peoples). Renacimiento, Madrid, 1913.

_NIEBLA_ (Mist. Novel). Renacimiento, Madrid, 1914.

_ENSAYOS_ (Essays. Collected Edition, 7 Vols.). Renacimiento, Madrid, 1916-18.

_ABEL SÁNCHEZ, una historia de pasión_ (Abel Sánchez, a story of passion. Novel). Renacimiento, Madrid, 1917.

_TRES NOVELAS EJEMPLARES Y UN PRÓLOGO_ (Three Exemplary Novels and a Prologue). Calpe, Madrid and Barcelona, 1920.

_EL CRISTO DE VELASQUEZ_ (The Christ of Velasquez. Poem). Calpe, Madrid, 1920.

_LA TIA TULA_ (Aunt Tula. Novel). Renacimiento, Madrid, 1921.

_ANDANZAS Y VISIONES ESPAÑOLAS_ (Things Done and Seen in Spain). Renacimiento, Madrid, 1922.

_FEDRA_ (Play, originally published in _La Pluma_). Madrid, 1924.

FOOTNOTES:

[1]

Pues el delito mayor
Del hombre es haber nacido.
--CALDERON, _La Vida es Sueño_, Act I, Scene II.

[2] Unamuno describes his “Commentary upon the Life of Don Quixote” as “a free and personal exegesis.” “I do not think I need repeat,” he says in his preface, “that I feel myself to be a Quixotist rather than a Cervantist and that I have allowed myself sometimes even to differ from the way in which Cervantes understood and dealt with his two heroes. The truth is, I believe that these fictitious personages possess a life of their own, with a certain autonomy, within the mind of the author who created them, and that they obey an inner logic of which the author himself is not wholly conscious.” Cervantes did not so much create them, he maintains, as derive them from the spiritual depths of the Spanish people, and therefore it is possible for us to understand them better even than their author. It may be conjectured that Unamuno can never quite forgive the slightly ironical attitude that Cervantes always adopts towards his hero.

[3] It will be remembered that Don Quixote, otherwise known as Alonso Quixano, when he turned knight-errant, resolved that it was proper for him to have some lady to whom he might send the trophies of his valour. Accordingly he chose for his mistress one Aldonza Lorenzo, “a good, likely country lass,” for whom he had long cherished an unavowed passion. He bestowed upon her the name of Dulcinea, with the addition of Del Toboso from the place where she was born.

According to Unamuno’s exegesis, Dulcinea stands “for glory, for life, for survival.”

[4] The Basque race.

[5] This is the definition given by the _Real Academia de la Lengua_.

[6] “Human Personality and Its Survival of Bodily Death,” by Frederic W. H. Myers. Chap. 3, para. 306.

[7] The leap from the “Critique of Pure Reason,” in which he subjected the traditional proofs of the existence of God to a destructive analysis, to the “Critique of Practical Reason,” in which he reconstructed God, but the God of the conscience, the Author of the moral order.

[8] To think as you think, all that is necessary is to possess nothing more than intelligence.

[9] James Thomson, author of “The City of Dreadful Night.”

[10] _Essai sur l’indifférence en matière de religion_, Part III, chap. lxvii.

Typographical errors corrected by the etext transcriber:

example, to snythetize=> example, to synthetize {pg vii}

possibly unfamilar=> possibly unfamiliar {pg 14}

inadequate susbtitute=> inadequate substitute {pg 15}

uniqueness and indestrucibility=> uniqueness and indestructibility {pg 27}

that of the the immense plain=> that of the immense plain {pg 33}

the suppostion that=> the supposition that {pg 48}

innate atttractions=> innate attractions {pg 55}

it sees a tryant=> it sees a tyrant {pg 70}

not know know what=> not know what {pg 111}

not for philosphers=> not for philosophers {pg 122}

Schopenhauer and Neitzsche=> Schopenhauer and Nietzsche {pg 151}

the poltical question=> the political question {pg 165}

making ricidulous=> making ridiculous {pg 174}

cummunicate itself=> communicate itself {pg 176}

a social instituion=> a social institution {pg 188}

people is a a leader=> people is a leader {pg 202}

shadow of uncertainity=> shadow of uncertainty {pg 214}

heroic dsepair=> heroic despair {pg 216}

supreme Achitect=> supreme Architect {pg 235}