Chapter VI: 'well Done, Condor!'

ALEXANDRIA, 1882

But little recked they of doubts or fears that vexed the soul of the wise, They did as the world did round them, and they claimed their share of the prize.

Sir Rennell Rodd.

The modern story of what Lord Charles Beresford's _Condor_ did at the bombardment of Alexandria on the 11th of July 1882 closes our series. Everybody knows in a general way something about it, but the details of the fight deserve attention on their own account. It was no doubt only one incident of the day, but all the same it was a good piece of work.

* * * * *

This briefly is how the situation came into being at the outset.

The bombardment of Alexandria was brought about by the usurpation of power in Egypt by Arabi Pasha and the so-called National Party early in 1882, raising the cry of 'Egypt for the Egyptians.' Great Britain, alarmed at their avowed hostility towards her, was forced to intervene on behalf of her interests in Egypt, and to ensure the safety of the Suez Canal. Diplomacy, and all efforts to induce the Sultan, as suzerain of the Khedive, to take action, having failed, in June the British Mediterranean Fleet was ordered to the scene, at first by way of demonstration. A French squadron arrived at the same time, France being specially interested in Egypt under the Joint Control agreement, and other Great Powers sent representative ships. In reply Arabi and his partisans began throwing up works and mounting additional guns at Alexandria, and then riots broke out in the city and at Cairo leading to a massacre of Europeans. At the end of June the arming of the forts, which had been suspended under direct orders from Constantinople, was defiantly resumed, drawing strong remonstrances from the British Admiral, Sir Beauchamp Seymour, as the late Lord Alcester then was. The discovery of a plot to wreck part of the Suez Canal and to block Alexandria harbour, and the activity displayed on the fortifications, resulted in leave being telegraphed from England to the British Admiral to take action if necessary. Thereupon, on the 6th of July, Admiral Seymour demanded the immediate disarmament of the harbour forts on pain of bombardment. An evasive reply was given, while the mounting of heavy guns proceeded with increased vigour at night, as the searchlights of the fleet disclosed. On the 10th the British Admiral notified to the Governor of Alexandria that, unless in the course of that day certain of the harbour forts were evacuated and handed over to him to dismantle, he would open fire next morning. The foreign consuls were informed of Sir Beauchamp Seymour's intention, and during the day all the foreign men-of-war withdrew outside, the French squadron proceeding to Port Said.

The British Fleet off Alexandria comprised eight battle-ships and five gun-vessels. When the British Admiral's ultimatum was sent off on the morning of the 10th two of the battle-ships, the _Invincible_, on board which Admiral Seymour had his flag, and the _Monarch_, with the gun-vessel _Condor_ commanded by Lord Charles Beresford, and the other gun-vessels, were inside the harbour. The rest of the fleet, the battle-ships _Alexandra_, _Sultan_, _Inflexible_, _Temeraire_, _Superb_, and _Penelope_, were lying outside.

At this point we take up the story of the _Condor_, and of the part she played in the events of the hour. As it happened, Mr. Frederic Villiers, the well-known artist and correspondent of the _Graphic_, was on board as the guest of Lord Charles Beresford. His vivid narrative of events gives a striking account of all that passed under his eyes.[121]

For the last day or two everything had been ready and all the ships were kept cleared for action. The Egyptians were expected to throw off the mask and try to take the British fleet by surprise. Special precautions were taken on board the _Condor_, which lay well up the harbour in proximity to the Ras-el-Tin battery. There an exceptionally dangerous piece, a breech-loading gun firing a 250-lb. shot, and mounted on the Moncrieff disappearing system, was known to be in position. The _Condor_ was a small second-class gun-boat of some 780 tons, and the thin iron sheeting on her sides was hardly stouter than a piece of cardboard. A rifle bullet could penetrate it, and there was not a scrap of armour about the ship. To protect his ship as far as possible against the big gun, Lord Charles, we are told, converted 'the shore side of the _Condor_ into a temporary ironclad by dressing her in chain armour. Every scrap of spare iron and chain on board was hung over her bulwarks, giving her a rakish list to starboard.' Also, as Mr. Villiers relates, 'all available canvas had been got out and draped round the inboard of the ship's bulwarks. Hammocks had been slung round the wheel to protect the steersmen from splinters. The main-topmast was lowered, the bowsprit run in and the Gatling in the main-top surrounded with canvas. Even the idlers, who constituted the engine-room artificers, stewards, and odd hands on board, were continually practised in drill.'

Shortly before sunset on the 10th Lord Charles Beresford, who had been for instructions on board the flagship, returned on board the _Condor_ and turned up all hands. 'He at once,' says Mr. Villiers, 'called the crew together and from the bridge addressed them to this effect.

'"My men, the Admiral's orders to the _Condor_ are to keep out of action, to transfer signals, and to more or less nurse her bigger sisters, if they get into trouble." Eloquent groans burst from the men. "But," continued Beresford, "if an opportunity should occur," and he (their commander) rather had an idea that it would, "the _Condor_ was to take advantage of it and to prove her guns." The crowd of upturned faces listening to these significant remarks now shone with satisfaction in the ruddy after-glow of the sunset, and then Lord Charles added: "No matter what happened, he was confident that they would give a good account of themselves and their smart little ship." To see the gleam in their eyes, who could doubt that within them beat hearts as stout as in those hearts of oak of the grand old days?'

The Admiral's instructions in writing, as issued to the commanders of the gun-vessels early next morning, ran thus. 'They are,' he said, 'to take up a position as far out of the line of fire or of forts, or of the _Inflexible_, as convenient, moving away immediately it is found that fire is being directed on them. They will take advantage of every opportunity of annoying the enemy, especially where camps are to be seen, or where infantry or other troops are seen; but they are to avoid as much as possible the fire of the enemy's heavy guns.'

'There was little sleep that night,' says Mr. Villiers. 'As I lay in my cot ... I could catch the familiar squeaking noise of the fiddle coming from the fo'c'sle, as the crew passed the feverish hours before the impending action with a horn-pipe or some popular ditty. Even the old gun-boat seemed to bestir herself long before dawn, for the hissing of steam and rattle of coal told me that the engineers were firing her for the eventful struggle with Arabi's forts. At the first peep of day the _Condor_ steamed off from her moorings, and followed the other vessels out of the harbour, as they took up their stations for bombarding.'

Even then, though, it seemed possible that there might be a slip 'twixt cup and lip.

At daybreak on the 11th the despatch boat _Helicon_, which had been ordered to remain in harbour to the last, was seen standing out. She had signals flying that she had on board Egyptian officers with a letter from the Egyptian Government. The signal caused dismay for the moment among the men. They were already at quarters, braced up and eagerly awaiting the order to begin firing. Were the enemy going to back down at the last moment? But the suspense was not for long. The message, which purported to be a reply to the British Admiral's ultimatum, was on the face of it merely a subterfuge to gain time. The bearers of it were sent back again with a written statement that their proposals were inadmissible. The Egyptian gunners in the batteries on shore, indeed, could be seen ready for action at their guns. As soon as the officers had been returned to shore the day's work began.

* * * * *

The opening scene may perhaps be best described in the words of the correspondent of the _Standard_ newspaper, Mr. Cameron, afterwards killed in battle in the Soudan, who was on board the flagship _Invincible_. 'At half-past six,' he says, 'a quiet order was passed round the decks, "Load with common shell." A gleam of satisfaction shone on the men's faces. Half-an-hour later a signal was made to the _Alexandra_ to fire the challenging gun. That was done, and, the Egyptians continuing hostile preparations, the flags ran up at the _Invincible's_ mast-head for the fleet to commence action. The order was given on board the _Invincible_ to begin "independent firing." A deafening salvo from five 9-inch guns went from the side of the _Invincible_, while overhead the ten Nordenfelt guns in the tops swelled the din which burst forth from all the ships with a succession of drum-like tappings.

'The smoke from the very commencement of the engagement was so dense that we could see nothing of the effect which our fire was producing, nor of what the enemy were doing; but soon after we began, a sharp scream overhead, followed by the uplifting columns of spray to seaward as the shots struck the water, made it clear that the enemy were replying to our iron salute.... They appeared to have got our range pretty accurately, and round and conical shot whistled thickly through the masts. I went round the ship and found the men fighting the main-deck guns all stripped to the waist. Between each shot they had to sit down and wait until the smoke cleared a little.'

Meanwhile the _Condor_ and the other gun-vessels lay in the offing, behind the battle-ships that were engaging Fort Mex, looking on and awaiting their opportunity. The first thing that came the _Condor's_ way was to assist the _Temeraire_, which had got aground. The _Temeraire_ was got off about eight o'clock, and immediately after that the _Condor's_ chance offered.

Emery Walker sc.

BOMBARDMENT OF ALEXANDRIA: JULY 11, 1882--9 A.M.

(In the course of the morning the _Inflexible_ and _Temeraire_, and the _Alexandra_, _Sultan_, and _Superb_, shifted their positions.)]

Lord Charles Beresford, as he watched the battle, had observed that the westernmost of the forts, Fort Marabout, was firing at the British inshore-squadron opposite Mex, the _Invincible_, _Monarch_, and _Penelope_, and apparently annoying them. He sent for one of his officers and said, 'I shall stand down and make myself useful by engaging that fort.' 'You must be mad, sir,' was the reply. 'It is the second heaviest fort, and one shot from the heavy guns would knock us into smithereens.' But the commander of the _Condor_ was not to be put off that way. 'The apparently impossible,' he answered, 'is often the easiest. Anyway, nothing can be done unless we try.... If I can get on the angle of the fort, I believe we can hit their guns without their hitting us. The thing is to get there.'

Fort Marabout mounted three 9-inch Armstrongs, firing 250-lb. shells; one 7-inch Armstrong, firing 115-lb. shells; eight 10-inch muzzle-loaders, firing 84-lb. hollow shot, or 100-lb. solid shot; seventeen 32-pounders, smooth-bores; and seven mortars, two firing 13-inch shells and five 11-inch mortars. There were also in this fort--whether mounted or not was unknown--two 10-inch Armstrongs, firing 400-lb. shells; two more 9-inch Armstrongs, and one 7-inch. Against that the little _Condor_ set out to match herself, with one 7-inch gun, firing 12-lb. shells, and two 64-pounders, three 7-pounders, and one or two Gatlings. As has been said also, the little sloop had not an inch of armour on her sides or deck:--boilers, engines, magazines, all were open to the lightest of the enemy's shot. All the same they steamed off towards the grey ramparts of the big fort without a moment of doubt or hesitation.

Mr. Villiers carries on the story.

'The _Condor_ steamed ahead. Our men stripped off their jackets. The decks were sanded, and the racers, or rails, on which the guns run were oiled.

'As we neared Fort Marabout, its terraces and embrasures bristling with Armstrong guns, not a man aboard but knew the peril of our audacity,--for a little gun-boat, one of the smallest in Her Majesty's service, to dare to attack the second most powerful fortress in Alexandria,--but the shout of enthusiasm from the crew when the order was given to "open fire!" readily showed their confidence in their beloved leader. The guns, run out "all a-port," blazed away. The smoke hung heavily about the decks. The flash of the cannonade lit up for a moment the faces of the men, already begrimed with powder, and steaming with exertion, for the morning was hot and sultry. The captain from the bridge, glass in hand, watching anxiously the aim of her gunners, would shout from time to time: "What was that, my men?" 'Sixteen hundred yards. Sir!' "Then give them eighteen this time, and drop it in." "Aye, aye, Sir!"

'Then a shout from the men on the main-mast told us on deck that the shot had made its mark. The little ship quaked again with the blast of her guns. The men were now almost black with powder, and continually dipped their heads in the sponge buckets to keep the grit from their eyes. One of our shots had fallen well within the enemy's works; another had taken a yard of scarp off--for a slight breeze had lifted the fog of smoke, and all on board could plainly see the enemy working in their embrasures. The Arab gunners now trained one of their Armstrongs in our direction. Our engine-bell sounded, and the _Condor_ at once steamed ahead. A puff of smoke from the fort, a dull boom, a rush of shell through the air, and a jet of water shot up far astern, followed by a shout from our men. The enemy had missed us. When the Arabs reloaded and brought to bear, the _Condor_ steamed back again, and the shell whistled across her bows.

_Photo, London Stereoscopic Co._

VICE-ADMIRAL LORD CHARLES BERESFORD, K.C.B.]

'The enemy's fire on the ships attacking Fort Mex slackened, and soon ceased altogether. Irritated by the constant fire of the little _Condor_, the Egyptian gunners now devoted their entire attention to us. They set about slewing their other Armstrongs in our direction. Their long black muzzles slowly turned their gaping mouths towards us. We looked at each other, then some of us looked at the captain, for the situation was becoming critical.... In an instant he decided,' proceeds Mr. Villiers, 'and gave the order for the _Condor_ to run in closer, and we came within 1200 yards. We all saw in a moment the wisdom of the seeming audacity. We were well within their guard; though the Gyppies blazed at us, they could only practise at our masts; they could not depress their guns sufficiently to hull us. We cheered again and again as their abortive attempts to get at us failed, for a shot below water-mark, with the lurch the _Condor_ was already making with all her guns abroadside, would have sent her down to Davy Jones's locker in less than ten minutes.

'The Egyptians, in their rage, opened fire with their smooth-bores from the lower parapet. The round-shot would whistle through our rigging, making us lie low awhile; but we would scramble to our feet again, dropping another 9-inch shell well within their works, scattering their gunners, and making things quite unpleasant for them. Only once did the enemy touch us, when a deep thud started the little ship trembling from stem to stern. The carpenter was ordered below. There was an anxious moment or two, when at last he returned, reporting the glad news that "all was well"; we had only been grazed.'

It may be noted, by the way, that at twelve hundred yards a gun like the 9-inch guns on Fort Marabout has a velocity of 1233 feet a second, and a penetrative power equal to carrying their 250-lb. shot clean through a target of wrought iron nine and a half inches thick. Had only one of these projectiles hit fairly, there would have been an end of the _Condor_, there and then. That is certain. At the same time, at twelve hundred yards the time of flight of a shot from muzzle to mark would be 2.72 seconds, and the shot in that period would drop 75-1/2 feet. It was not an impossible task for the Egyptian gunners on the ramparts to hit the _Condor_. That they failed utterly was the _Condor's_ luck--the fortune of war, pure and simple. The _Condor's_ crew through it all seemed to bear charmed lives. Shots fell thick in the water all round, as other ships observed, or cut the rigging overhead. One big shot tore the awning over the quarter-deck. A 10-inch shell struck the water close underneath the ship's bows, and the column of water sent up by the splash knocked an officer and two men off the forecastle.

To resume with Mr. Villiers.

'It was a scorching, thirsty time on deck. The particles of carbon from the powder floating in the air dried our throats till we almost choked. The captain's steward was always ready to quench the thirst of the guests, Mr. Moberly Bell, the now famous manager of the _Times_, and myself, with cool drinks whenever we found time between the shots to rush below; but just as the tumbler reached our lips the blast of the guns would almost shatter the glass against one's teeth, and we would rush on deck to see how the shot had told.

'All the time the navigating lieutenant, with eyes fixed on the chart, was calmly moving the vessel up and down a narrow tortuous passage which we could distinctly see, by peering over the side of the vessel, for the reefs on either flank of the narrow channel glistened from out the blue-black of the waters.'

Here is Lord Charles Beresford's own account of the _Condor's_ day at Alexandria, as briefly given once to an interviewer. 'The _Temeraire_ got aground on the northern part of the Boghaz Pass, so we went down and towed her off. Whilst doing so the Marabout Fort opened fire on the English ships inside the bar. The idea struck me that the _Condor_ being small, with low freeboard, might get through the zone of fire and under the fort. It wasn't altogether easy work, for had one shell struck the _Condor_ fair and square we should have been sunk to a dead certainty. However, she was easy to handle, and when once we were on the angle of the fort and under it we were all right. My dodge was to throw a couple of missiles into the fort at a time, and then back or fill, as the case might be, so that just when the Egyptians thought they had got our right range, the _Condor_ was out of the way, and so it went on pretty well all day.[122] The men behaved splendidly,--upon my word, I don't think they have their equals!'

For upwards of two hours the _Condor_ fought Fort Marabout, and then the Admiral, apparently thinking that she had as much as she could manage, signalled to the _Beacon_, another gun-vessel (Commander G.W. Hand), and the senior officer's ship of the flotilla, for the _Bittern_, _Cygnet_, and _Decoy_ to go to her assistance. The fort, though, had already, by that, been practically subdued. The Egyptians had had enough, and soon afterwards ceased firing, although they kept their flag flying until next day, when the officer who is now Admiral Sir A.K. Wilson, V.C., landed, and hauled it down. He presented the colours of Marabout to Lord Charles Beresford, in whose possession they are now, together with another trophy of the fight, a fragment of one of the _Condor's_ shells which was found to have passed through the magazine of Fort Marabout, and did not explode until outside. Among his most treasured mementos Lord Charles also preserves the _Condor's_ binnacle, as taken from the ship when, some ten or twelve years later, she passed into the shipbreakers' hands at Dead Man's Bay, Plymouth Sound.

In her action with Fort Marabout the _Condor_ expended over nineteen and a half hundredweights of powder (a ton all but fifty-four pounds), and two hundred and one projectiles:--65 rounds of 7-inch shell, 128 64-pounder shells, and eight 7-pounder shells; besides 200 rounds of Gatling gun ammunition, 13 war-rockets, and 1000 rounds of Martini-Henry small-arm ammunition.

When the gun-boats had finished their work Admiral Seymour made the signal of recall, and they returned, passing close to the _Invincible_ to their stations.

Now it was that the celebrated signal to the _Condor_ was made. The little vessel was passing the flagship, from on board which the _Invincible's_ men were cheering her enthusiastically, when the Admiral on the quarter-deck turned to his flag-lieutenant, Lieutenant Hedworth Lambton,--the future captain of the _Powerful_ and the man who saved Ladysmith,--and said, as if musing to himself, 'I should like to tell them something.' Lieutenant Lambton made a suggestion, and within less than a minute, the flags went up at the _Invincible's_ mast-head making the words, 'Well Done, _Condor_!' That is the story of the _Condor_ at Alexandria. The day ended for her with covering the landing-party sent ashore at the close of the bombardment to spike the guns of Fort Mex.

* * * * *

The story of the _Condor_ alone, of all the ships at the bombardment of Alexandria, has been told. For one reason or another, what the little gun-boat did in the action appealed specially to people at the time, and attracted universal attention. It was, of course, largely a matter of opportunity--the seizing of an exceptional chance for an effort of individual daring. All at Alexandria did well, and the _Condor_ had the best of the luck. In fairness, a few words must be also said of others of the ships present on the occasion, and of the part that they individually took in the fighting.

In addition to the _Condor_, another ship won the honour of a special signal 'Well Done!' from the Admiral--the big _Inflexible_, captained on that day by the officer who is now Admiral Sir John Arbuthnot Fisher, G.C.B., First Sea Lord of the Admiralty. The _Inflexible_ during the earlier part of the engagement was posted outside the reefs off the 'Corvette Pass' entrance to Alexandria harbour, enfilading the Lighthouse batteries. 'It is invidious to particularise,' says the _Times_ correspondent, who was on board another ship in the fleet, 'but the _Inflexible's_ firing to-day was certainly second to none.' Describing how the _Inflexible_ shifted her position, and at ranges between 3000 and 5000 yards shelled the Mex Fort with one turret, and the Ras-el-Tin batteries with the other, the correspondent continues: 'Every shell seemed either to burst right over the Ras-el-Tin works, or to pitch upon the very parapet of the Mex Fort upon the hill.' It was just after this that Admiral Seymour signalled, 'Well done, _Inflexible_!' The _Inflexible_ bore the brunt of the firing from the Ras-el-Tin batteries for three and a half hours, until she had silenced the Egyptian guns. After that, with the aid of the _Temeraire_, she silenced the Lighthouse Fort and Fort Adda, the front of which strongly fortified work her fire is said to have literally blown in.

It was on board the _Inflexible_ also that the late Commander Younghusband performed an exploit of great daring--though only characteristic of the man, and of the spirit that has ever existed in the service to which he belonged. In the midst of the fighting the vent of one of the _Inflexible's_ 80-ton guns had become choked; with the result that for the time being the gun was completely out of action. Lieutenant Younghusband (as the gallant officer then was) calmly got inside the gun--a muzzle-loader--and caused himself to be rammed by the hydraulic rammer right up the bore of the gun (a tube 16 inches in diameter) until he reached the powder-chamber, when he managed with his fingers to remedy the defect, all the time at imminent risk of suffocation from the powder gases. When he had done his work, a rope fastened to his feet hauled him back and drew him out of the gun.

The _Inflexible_ at Alexandria had numerous dents made in her armour, and the unarmoured part of the hull was pierced by shot in several places. Her most serious injury was from a 10-inch shell, which struck the ship below the water-line outside the central armoured 'citadel,' and, glancing up, passed through her decks, killing one of the men, and mortally wounding Lieutenant Francis Jackson as he was directing the fire of one of the light guns on the superstructure.

Her due, too, must be given to the 'Old _Alex_,' as the Navy used to call the favourite flagship of the Fleet during the closing years of Queen Victoria's reign. On board the _Alexandra_ (Captain C.F. Hotham) Mr. Israel Harding, the chief gunner of the ship, won the V.C. Just at ten o'clock, about three hours after the action began, a 10-inch spherical shell crashed through the _Alexandra's_ side, at a part where the ship was unarmoured, and with its fuse burning rolled along the main-deck. With great gallantry and presence of mind, Mr. Harding, who from below had heard the shout, 'There's a live shell just above the hatchway!' rushed up the ladder, and taking some water from a tub near by, dashed it upon the burning fuse, after which he seized the shell and plunged it bodily into the tub, rendering it harmless. For this act of valour, which undoubtedly saved many lives, Mr. Harding was deservedly awarded the Victoria Cross. The shell was presented to His Majesty King Edward, then Prince of Wales. It was in the circumstances by no means an inappropriate presentation. The _Alexandra_ was so named in honour of Her Majesty Queen Alexandra, then Princess of Wales, who launched the ship on an April day of the year 1875 that Chatham is not likely to forget. On the stocks, until a few days before she was sent afloat, the ship had been known as the _Superb_, and her re-naming as the _Alexandra_ was meant as a special compliment to her royal sponsor, which met with universal applause. It drew forth, among other poetical tributes elsewhere, the following Latin verses in the _Times_:--

THE LAUNCH OF THE ALEXANDRA

Fulcra securifera fabri succidite dextra;
Omen habet primas si bene tangit aquas.
Dicite--Sit Felix--proraeque invergite vina;
Nomen _Alexandrae_ dulce _Superba_ tulit.
Nomine mutato, sit et omine fausta secundo;
Sit sine rivali, nec tamen ipsa ferox.
Jam neque tormentis opus est, nec triplice lamna,
Forma tumescentes sola serenat aquas.
Te capiente capi qui non velit ipse phaselus,
'Ferreus, et vere ferreus iste fuit.'

H.K.

To add to the _eclat_ of the _Alexandra's_ launch, the Archbishop of Canterbury (Dr. Tait), with the Bishop of Rochester, conducted the religious service on the occasion--the first time that a religious service of any kind had been used at the launch of a British man-of-war since the Reformation. To Queen Alexandra we owe the restoration of the ancient usage of invoking, at the outset of their existence, the protection of Almighty God on the ships by which our homes and our Empire are guarded, and also on those who are to man them; and the practice, so instituted, has continued to be observed at the launches of all British men-of-war, ever since the launch of the _Alexandra_.

The _Alexandra_ came out of action after the bombardment of Alexandria with twenty-four hits from shot or shell on the hull outside the armour-plating, and with several dents in her armour, one of her funnels damaged, and her rigging a good deal cut about. Most of the enemy's shots, fortunately, had been aimed too high.[123]

The _Invincible_ (Captain R.H. More-Molyneux), on board which ship Sir Beauchamp Seymour had his flag for the day,--the _Alexandra_ was really his flagship, but he had removed into the _Invincible_ a short time before because of her lighter draught in order to enter the harbour,--had also numerous dents in her armour near the water-line, and the unarmoured parts of her hull had holes through it in several places. Her part in the fighting was for most of the time at anchor off Fort Mex, and the precision of her firing was enthusiastically applauded by the officers of the American ships who watched it from the offing. It was from the _Invincible_ that the landing-party of four officers and twelve men--all volunteers--went off, towards the close of the action, to disable the guns of Fort Mex. The duty was an extremely dangerous one. There was no means of knowing what troops the enemy might not have under cover close behind the fort. To effect their landing the little party--the officers were Lieutenants Barton Bradford and Poore, Flag-Lieutenant Lambton, and Major Tulloch of the Welsh Regiment (Military Staff Officer to the Admiral)--had to swim through the surf. No opposition, however, met them, and after bursting the guns with charges of gun-cotton the party returned on board without a casualty.

Less is on record about what took place on board the other ships. All did their duty, and it was not their fault that no chances of special distinction came their way. The _Superb_[124] (Captain T. Le H. Warde) was hit badly near the water-line, just above the armour-belt, by a shell that shattered a hole in the hull 10 feet long by 4 feet wide. One shot made a hole, 10 inches across, in the fore part of the ship near one of her torpedo-ports, and another a hole, a foot across, a little aft of her battery; besides which her armour was dented and her foremast shot through. The _Sultan_ (Captain W.J. Hunt-Grubbe, C.B., A.D.C.) had an armour-plate on the water-line dented and 'started,' four boats damaged, and one funnel shot through. The _Penelope_ (Captain St. G.C. d'Arcy-Irvine) was hulled eight times, and one of her guns had its muzzle chipped. The _Temeraire_ and _Monarch_ (Captains H.F. Nicholson and H. Fairfax, C.B., A.D.C.)--though the value of the work they did and the way they were handled were second to none--came out of action with little or no damage to report.

* * * * *

Here we break off finally and close the book. Alike in our stories of the far-off past and the last story of the nearer past, the men whose names have been mentioned, round whom the incidents related centred, are, after all, only typical of their fellows in the Sea Service at the present hour. As occasion will prove too, when the time next comes for Great Britain to stand to her arms once more in defence on the sea of her rights and the honour of the flag against a European foe, the enemy, whosoever he may be, will find the spirit of the Cornwallis's and Rodneys and Faulknors and the Gardiners of the older day--to name no other, no more recent names--burning as brightly as of yore in the breasts of those who in that hour will officer and man the war-ships of the British Fleet.

No wonder England holds
Dominion o'er the seas--
Still the Red Cross shall face the world,
While she has men like these!

FOOTNOTES:

[Footnote 121: _Pictures of Many Wars_, pp. 177, etc.]

[Footnote 122: This is very much the way that the late Admiral Sir W.R. Mends, G.C.B., (then a captain) handled the _Arethusa_ frigate (now a training-ship in the Thames) under sail at the bombardment of Odessa on the 22nd of April 1854, to the enthusiastic admiration of the whole fleet.]

[Footnote 123: The first officer to hoist his flag in the _Alexandra_ was the late Admiral of the Fleet Sir Geoffrey Phipps Hornby, G.C.B. She was afterwards the flagship, also in the Mediterranean, of the late Duke of Edinburgh. Sir Geoffrey Hornby hoisted his flag on board on Monday, the 15th of January 1877, and the _Alexandra_ was his flagship when in the following year, at the most critical moment for Europe of the Russo-Turkish War, Sir Geoffrey, with a division of the Mediterranean Fleet, made the passage of the Dardanelles. Speaking of the close association between the _Alexandra_ and the royal lady who so auspiciously sent the splendid battleship afloat, Sir Geoffrey Hornby's biographer, his daughter, Mrs. Fred. Egerton, says: 'H.R.H. was recognised, so to speak, as the patron saint of the ship. Her birthday, December 1, became the fete day of the ship; a Danish cross, with a garland of oak leaves between the arms of the cross, was adopted as the crest, and a photograph of the Princess, presented by her to the officers, received the place of honour in the wardroom.']

[Footnote 124: One of Lord Beaconsfield's 'purchased squadron,' an ironclad built in England for Turkey, and bought, with the _Belleisle_, _Orion_, and _Neptune_, at the time of the 'scare' of 1878, during the Russo-Turkish War, when the crossing of the Balkans by the Russian armies threatened Constantinople and strained the diplomatic relations between Great Britain and Russia almost to breaking-point.]

INDEX

'Achille,' The, 272

Admiral of the Red, 281

Affleck, Commodore, 130

'Africa, The,' 277

'Agamemnon, The,' 79, 81

Aix, 223

'Ajax, The' (see under Ships)

Alava, Vice-Admiral, 245, 268 (note 1)

Alcester, Lord (see Seymour, Admiral)

'Alcide, The' (see under Ships)

'Alert, The,' 57

Alexandra, Queen, 307-308 (and note)

'Alexandra, The' (see under Ships)

Alexandria, bombardment of, 287-311

'Alfred, The,' 86-87

Alms, Capt. James, 13, 41

'America, The,' 94, 108

'Andromache, The' (see under Ships)

Anson, Admiral Lord George, 12

'Anson, The,' 107

Antigua, West Indies, 54, 56

Antilles, the, 101

April 12, day of Rodney's victory, 171 (note 1)

Arabi Pasha, 287, 288

'Ardent,' The, 141-142, 144

'Arethusa, The' (see under Ships)

'Arrogant, The,' 105

'Asia, The,' 177-181

'Astree,' The, 97, 98

Atcherley, Capt., 265-267

Augereau, Marshal, 221

'Auguste,' The, 67

Austin, Capt., 39

Bacon, John, statue of Rodney, 162

Badcock, Midshipman (Vice-Admiral W.S. Lovell), 247-248 (and note)

Balchen, Admiral, 183

Balfour, Capt. John, 106

Bantry Bay, 219

Barbados, 54, 56

'Barfleur, The' (see under Ships)

Baron, Lieut., 27, 38

Basque Roads, 223, 224

Basse Terre, Guadeloupe, 97

Battle formation adopted by Nelson, 236

Baudoin, Capt., 256-259

Bay of Biscay, 222, 228

Bayne, Capt., 111

Bazin, Capt., 259

'Beacon, The,' 302

Beatson, Mr., shipbreaker, 214, 283

Beaulieu, Marquis de, 69

Beaumanoir, de, 140

'Bedford, The' (see under Ships)

Bell, Moberly, 300

'Belle Poule,' The, 67

Belleisle, 205, 210

'Belleisle, The' (see under Ships)

'Bellerophon, The' (see under Ships)

'Belliqueux, The' (see under Ships)

'Bellona, The,' 182, 183

Benbow, Admiral, 174

'Benbow, The,' 45

Beresford, Lord Charles, 198, 287, 289, 290, 294-304

Beresina, Bridge of the, 195

Bertheaume Bay, 227

'Berwick, The' (see under Ships)

Betisy, Vicomte de, 68

'Bien Venu,' The (see 'Undaunted' under Ships)

'Billy Blue,' 205-212

Bismarck, Prince, 60

Blackwall Reach, 214

Blackwood, Capt., 231, 240-241, 243, 274

Blair, Capt. Wm., 107, 111

Blake, Admiral, 200

'Blanche, The,' 197

Blane, Dr., 76, 100, 101, 119, 120, 121, 126, 128, 129, 137, 138, 149,
155, 159, 160, 168

Boghaz Pass, Alexandria, 301

Boscawen, Admiral, 202, 217 (note 2)

Bougainville, Louis Antoine de, 66, 102, 132, 139, 141, 144, 154

Bouille, Marquis de, 73, 98, 158

Boulogne, 212, 220, 227

Bourayne, ----, 68

'Bourgogne,' The, 67, 143, 149

Bowen, Lieut., 176

'Boyne, The' (see under Ships)

Bradford, Lieut. Barton, 309

Brest, 55, 205, 220, 221, 223, 224-225, 226, 227, 228

Bridge of the Beresina, 195

Bridport, Lord, 209, 210 (and note)

'Britannia, The,' 247

British Mediterranean Fleet, 288

Broke, Capt., 170

Brown, Capt. John, 177-180

Bruce, Midshipman, 231

'Brunswick, The,' 206

'Bucentaure,' The (see under Ships--French)

Buckner, Capt., 110

Burnett, Capt., 137

Busch, Moritz, 60

Busigny, Capt., 275

Byng, Admiral, 12, 19 (and note), 21, 202

Byng, Sir George, 12

Byron, Capt. Geo. Anson, 79, 80, 166

Byron, John, 79

Cadiz, 227, 228, 229, 230, 234, 235, 263, 269, 273, 275, 277, 281

Cairo, 288

Calder, Vice-Admiral, 222, 224, 228, 229, 230

Caldicot Castle, 42

Cameron, Mr., correspondent of the 'Standard,' 293-296

Campbell, Lieut., 23, 31, 39

Campbell, Rear-Admiral, 220

Camperdown, battle of, 13, 41, 170

'Canada, The' (see under Ships)

Cape de Gata, 15, 34

Cape Finisterre, 221, 228, 229, 269 (note 1)

Cape Haitien, San Domingo, 55, 165

Cape Palos, 16

Cape Passano, 12

Cape St. Mary, 230

Cape St. Vincent, 107

Cape Solomon, 82

Carkett, Lieut., 22, 24, 27-31, 38

Carronades or 'smashers,' 75

Carthagena, 14-17, 33

Caskets, the, 183

Casse, du, 174

Castellan, de, 67

Castlereagh, Lord, 218

Castries, 74

Cawsand Bay, 220, 223

'Centaur, The' (see under Ships)

'Cesar,' The (see under Ships--French)

Ceuta, 15

Champmartin, de, 68

Charette, de la, 67, 143

Charles I., 199-200

Charles II., 11

Charrington, Capt. Nicholas, 128

Chatham, 11, 307

Cherbourg Bay, 201

Chesapeake Campaign, 63

'Chesapeake, The,' 169

Choissat, Sergeant, 120

Cibber, Colley, 37

Cibon, Comte de, 69

Cisneros, Rear-Admiral Don B. Hidalgo, 268 (note 2)

Clarke, Capt., 12

Clearing for action, 232

Clochetterie, Sieur de la, 67, 102

Clue, Admiral de la, 15-16, 33, 217 (note 2)

Cobb, G. Wheatley, 42

Cochet, P., 40

Collingwood, Admiral, 202, 212, 224, 228, 229-230, 239, 245, 247, 255,
268 (note 1), 274-275, 278

'Collingwood, The,' 10

'Colossus, The,' 263

Colours captured, fate of, 196, 278

Combined Fleet, the, 234

'Condor, The' (see under Ships)

'Conqueror, The' (see under Ships)

Contamine, General de, 266, 267

Cornwallis, Hon. Wm. ('Billy Blue'), 77, 128, 144-145, 199, 203, 205-212,
220, 221, 225, 226

'Cornwallis's Retreat,' 203-211

'Cornwallis, The,' 212

Corvette Pass, Alexandria, 304

Cotton, Capt., 210

Couch, Lieut., 265

'Courageux,' The, 183

'Couronne,' The, 119, 144-145

Cranstoun, Capt. Lord, 77, 100, 150-151, 166, 210

Crillon, de, 58

'Culloden, The,' 16

Cumby, W. Price, 239

'Cygnet, The,' 302

D'Aigalliers, Brueys, 68

Dardanelles, the, 308

Dashwood, Sir Charles, 122-126, 170

'Dauphin Royal,' The, 104

Dead Man's Bay, Plymouth Sound, 303

'Decoy, The,' 302

Decres, Bruix, 68

Decres, Admiral Denis, 68, 135-136

'Defiance, The,' 274, 277

Demerara, 54

D'Escars, Baron, 67, 137

Diablotin, the, 101

'Diademe,' The, 122, 126, 127

Diamond Rock, 82

'Didon,' The, 229 (note 1)

Dominica (see under West Indies)

Douarnenez Bay, 225

Douglas, Sir Charles, 75, 77, 82, 93, 99, 100, 105, 106, 112, 122-125,
149, 150, 160

Douglas, Sir Howard, 124

Drake, Rear-Admiral Francis Samuel, 76, 85, 88, 89, 101, 106, 108

Drouet, Postmaster, 73

'Duguay Trouin,' The ('Implacable'), 269 (note 1)

'Duke, The' (see under Ships)

Dumanoir, Rear-Admiral, 268-269 (note 1), 270, 273

Dumaresq, Capt., 128

Duncan, Admiral, 170, 236 (note 1)

Dupotet, Lieut., 252

Eaton, Signal Midshipman, 243

Edinburgh, Duke of, 308 (note)

Edward, King, 198, 307

Egerton, Mrs. Fred, 309 (note)

Egyptian Government, diplomacy of Arabi Pasha and result of, 287-289

Eliott, Gen., 58

Ellis, Gen., 238 (note 1)

Emeriau, ----, 68

'England expects that every man will do his duty,' 243

'Euryalus, The' (see under Ships)

'Eveille,' The, 119

'Evelyn's Diary,' quoted, 200

Fairfax, Capt. H., 310-311

'Fame, The,' 107

Fanshawe, Capt., 41, 116, 128

Faulknor family, 182-183

Faulknor, Commander Robert, 177-197

Ferrol, 228, 229 (note 1)

'Fighting Temeraire' (see 'Temeraire' under Ships)

Fisher, Admiral Sir John Arbuthnot, 304

Fitzgerald, Capt., 210

Fontenoy, 58

'Formidable, The' (see under Ships)

Fort Adda, Alexandria, 305

Fort Bourbon, Martinique, 174-197

Fort Louis, Martinique, 175-189, 193, 194

Fort Marabout, Alexandria, 296-303

Fort Mex, Alexandria, 294, 296, 298, 304, 305, 309

Fort Rodney, 80

Fort Royal, Martinique (see under West Indies)

'Foudroyant,' The, 12, 14-42

'Fougueux,' The (see under Ships--French)

'Four Days' Fight,' 200

France, part taken _re_ Egypt, 288, 289;
French Army, 73;
Napoleon's Grand Army, 195, 220, 222, 227;
Regiment de Touraine, 188;
Regiment de Marechal Turenne, 195;
French Fleet, 71-72;
French officers of the Fleet, 65-70

Froude, J.A., quoted, 52

Galvez, Don Bernardo, 56

Gardeur de Tilly, Le, 68, 119

Gardiner, Capt. Arthur, 19-41

Gardner, Capt. Alan, 111-112, 127

'Gentleman's Magazine,' 40

Gibraltar, 12, 14, 16, 33, 35, 36, 58, 159, 228, 229, 231, 277

Glandeves, de, 136

'Glorieux,' The (see under Ships--French)

'Glorious First of June,' 202, 207

Gower, Capt., 210

Grand Army, Napoleon's, 195, 220, 222, 227

'Graphic, The,' Mr. Villiers correspondent of, 289-290

Grasse, Admiral de, 53-72, 79, 81-152 157, 160-161, 163-164, 166, 169,
174

Grasse, Vicomte de, 68

Gravina, Admiral, 268, 273

'Great Harry, The,' 199

Greenwich, 214-215

Grey, Capt. George, 178, 179

Gribeauval guns, 72

Grimaldi, ----, 68

Gros Islet Bay (see under West Indies)

Grubbe, Capt. W.J. Hunt, 310

Guadeloupe, 84, 85, 90, 95, 97

Hammick, Stephen, 38

'Hampton Court, The' (see under Ships)

Hand, Commander G.W., 302

Harding, Israel, 306-307

Hardy, Capt., 241, 274

Harvey, Capt. Eliab, 218;
Trafalgar Day, 241-242, 248, 250-263, 269, 274, 275, 277;
promotion of, 281;
death of, 282

Hawke, Admiral Lord, 12, 50-51

'Hector,' The (see under Ships--French)

'Helicon, The,' 292

Hempstead Church, 218

'Hercule,' The, 67

'Hercules, The,' 108-110

'Heros,' The, 279

Hill, Lieut., 90

Hill, Second Lieut., 190

Hood, Sir Samuel, 76, 77, 81, 82, 85-90, 94, 102, 130-131, 134, 143,
146-148, 152, 158, 161-162

Hornby, Admiral Sir Geoffrey Phipps, 308 (note)

Hoste, Paul, 236

Hotham, Capt. C.F., 306

Howe, Admiral Lord, 159, 202, 207

Hyeres Bay, 282

'Implacable, The' ('Duguay Trouin'), 269 (note 1)

Indret, foundries of, 72

Infernet, Capt., 280

'Inflexible, The' (see under Ships)

Inglis, Capt., 128, 129

'Intrepide,' The, 280

'Invincible, The' (see under Ships)

Irvine, Capt. St. G.C. D'Arcy, 310

Jackson, Lieut. Francis, 306

Jamaica, 54, 55, 158, 162

James, Duke of York, 12, 200

Jena, 237

Jervis, Vice-Admiral Sir John, 174, 176, 178, 191-193

Joint Control Agreement (Egypt), 288

Joyeuse, Admiral Villaret, 209 (and note)

'Jupiter, The,' 165, 167

Kennedy, Lieut. Thomas Fortescue, 257, 259, 283

Kent, Duke of, 195-196

Kerlessi, Trogoff de, 137

Khedive, the, 288

King, Commodore, 59

'King's Letter Boys,' 64

Kingston, Lieut., 275

Kipling, Rudyard, quoted, 4

Knight, Admiral Sir Joseph, 149

Knight, Capt., 149-150

Labat, Pere, 69

Ladysmith, 303

Lagos, 217 (note 2)

La Hogue, battle of, 12, 183, 201, 236

Lambton, Lieut. Hedworth, 303, 309

Langara, 107

'Languedoc,' The, 41, 144, 146

Larmour, Acting-Capt., 281

La Ruelle, foundries of, 72

Lascaris, ----, 68

'Launch of the Alexandra,' 307

Lauzun, de, 68

L'Hermitte, 68

Lighthouse Fort, Alexandria, 304, 305

'L'Orphee,' 21, 33

Lostwithiel, Cornwall, 36

'Louisa, The,' 20 (note)

Louisbourg, Cape Breton, 14

Lovel, Vice-Admiral Wm. Stanhope, 240 (note 1)

Lucas, Capt., 246-247, 251-254, 260-261

MacMahon, ----, 68

Macteigne, Macarty, 143

'Magnanime,' The, 92

'Magnificent, The' (see under Ships)

'Magnifique,' The, 143

Magon, ----, 68

Mahan, Capt., quoted, 212, 221

Maidstone, 36

Majastre, de Castellane, 68, 143

Majendie, Flag-Captain, 264, 266-268

Malaga, 12

Manners, Lord Robert, 77, 110-111

Marigny, Bernard, Comte de, 138, 155

Marigny, Charles Rene Louis, Vicomte de, 142

'Marlborough, The' (see under Ships)

'Mars, The' (see under Ships)

Martinique, 173-197

Matthews, Admiral, 19-20 (note)

Mends, Admiral Sir W.R., 302 (note)

Menneville, Marquis de Quesne, 16, 23-31, 35-36

Metz, 73

Minorca, 19

'Minotaur, The,' 273

Molyneux, Capt. R.H. More, 309

Mona Passage, 162

'Monarch, The' (see under Ships)

Moncrieff disappearing system, 290

Monk, Gen., 200

Monmouth, Duke of, 11

'Monmouth, The' (see under Ships)

'Montague, The,' 17, 169

Monteclerc, de, 67

Montesquieu, ----, 68

Montserrat, 54

Morlaix, 278

Morne du Diamant, 82

Morogues, de, 236

Mortemart, de, 68, 136

M.P. Navy Captains, 218-219

'Namur, The' (see under Ships)

Napoleon, 170, 195, 204, 212, 219, 220, 222, 261, 278, 282

'Naval Chronicle,' quoted, 186-187, 220, 224, 226

Naval Exhibition, Chelsea, 274

Neale, George, 170

Nelson, Lord, 202, 212, 214, 221, 228, 230;
Trafalgar Day, 231-270;
death of, 270, 273-274, 278, 281, 285

'Neptune, The' (see Ships--British and French)

'Neptuno,' The, 273

Nevis, 54, 73

Newbolt, Henry, 50

Ney, Marshal, 227, 237

Nicholson, Capt. H.F., 310

Nicolas, Lieut. P. Harris, 243

'Nonsuch, The,' 106

Northesk, Lord, 247

Nugent, Capt., 188

Oades, Mr., 275

Odessa, bombardment of, 302 (note)

Oleron, 223

Order of Malta, 64

'Orion, The,' 247

Osborn, Admiral, 15-16, 23, 33, 36

Paget, ----, 100

'Pallas, The,' 206

Paul, Capt., 138

Pavillon, du, 99

Pearce, ----, 231

Pellew, Sir Edward, 266

Pellew, Capt. Israel, 265, 266, 267

'Penelope, The' (see under Ships)

Penny, Capt. Taylor, 103, 104

'Pepys's Diary,' quoted, 11 (and note)

Perouse, La, 68, 97

'Phaeton, The' (see under Ships)

'Phoenix, The,' 229

'Pickle, The,' 278 (note 1)

Pigeon Island, 74, 79, 80, 81

Pigot, Admiral, 165, 166, 167, 169

'Pique,' The, 197

Pitons, The, or 'Sugar Loaves,' 60-62

Pitts, Midshipman John, 275

'Pluton,' The, 143

Plymouth, 166, 167, 219, 227, 282

Point du Cap, 81

Polignac, Gabrielle Yolande de, 67

Porchester Castle, 35

Port Royal, 162, 163

Port Said, 28

Portsmouth, 202, 220, 280-281

'Powerful, The,' 303

Prigny, Second Capt., 266-268

'Prince George, The,' 74, 107

Prince Rupert's Bay, 84, 95

'Princessa, The,' 106

'Prince William, The,' 130, 141

'Prothee, The,' 110

'Quarterly Review,' quoted, 167

'Queen, The,' 278

Quiberon Bay, 50

Ramatuelle, 236

'Ramillies, The,' 19 (note), 149

Ras-el-Tin battery, Alexandria, 290, 305

'Redoutable,' The (see under Ships--French)

Religious service at launches of men-of-war, 308

Rennes, 280

'Repulse, The,' 128

'Resolution, The' (see under Ships)

'Revenge, 'The' (see under Ships)

Reynolds, Capt., 77

'Richmond,' The, 135, 136

Rions, Comte d'Albert de, 67, 143

Riou, Capt., 188

Robinson, Rear-Admiral Hercules, 231, 266 (note)

Rochambeau, Gen., 174, 194

Rochefort, 221, 223, 225

Rochefoucauld, de, 68

Rochester, Bishop of, 308

Rodney, Admiral, statue of, in Jamaica, 162;
battle against the French in West Indies, 41, 52-60, 76, 78-165, 171;
treatment of, by Whig Government, 165-169

Rodney, Lady, 168

Rooke, Admiral Sir George, 12, 202

Rotherhithe, 214, 284

'Royal George, The' (see under Ships)

Royal Naval Club of 1765 and 1785, 203

'Royal Oak, The' (see under Ships)

'Royal Sovereign, The' ('Cornwallis's Retreat') (see under Ships)

Royal United Service Institution, 212

Ruechel, Gen., 237

Rupert, Prince, 12, 200

Ruskin, quoted, 214, 216, 285-286

'Russell, The' (see under Ships)

Ruyter, Admiral, 12, 200

Sables d'Olonne, 223

Saffron Walden, 218

'St. Albans, The' (see under Ships)

Saint Cesaire, de, 68

St. Cloud, 261

St. Eustatius, 73, 161

'St. George, The,' 16

St. Helens, 280

'St. James's Day Fight,' 200

St. Kitts (see under West Indies)

St. Lucia, 52, 54, 56

St. Paul's, French and Spanish ensigns in, 196, 278;
tombs of Trafalgar heroes, 280

St. Paul's, Rotherhithe, 285

St. Pierre, 81

Saints, the (see under West Indies)

St. Simon, ----, 68

St. Vincent, Earl (see Jervis, Sir John)

San Domingo, 55, 56, 162

Sandwich, Lord, 53

San Lucar, 277

'Sans Pareil, The' (see under Ships)

'Santa Ana,' The (see under Ships--Spanish)

'Santisima Trinidad,' The (see under Ships--Spanish)

Saumarez, Capt. James, 107, 145

Savage, Capt. Henry, 108

'Sceptre,' The, 119-120, 144

Schetky, John Christian, 281

Segur, de, ----, 68

Serpents, 62

Servaux, Capt. Pierre, 258 (note 1)

Seven Years' War, 202

Sevigne, de, ----, 68

Seymour, Admiral Sir Beauchamp, 288-289, 291

'Shannon, The,' 169, 170

Sharks, 133-134, 155-156

Sheerness, 214, 282

Ships--
British--
Africa, 277
Agamemnon, 79, 81
Ajax, 76, 128, 130, 238
Alcide, 106, 140, 141
Alert, 57
Alexandra (Superb), 289, 293, 306-308, 309
Alfred, 86-87
America, 94, 108
Andromache, 79, 138, 166
Anson, 107
Arethusa, 67; modern, 302 (note)
Arrogant, 105
Asia, 177-181
Barfleur, 74, 82, 89, 107, 131, 134, 143-148, 149, 150
Beacon, 302
Bedford, 130, 131, 138
Belleisle, 242-243, 255, 272
Bellerophon, 171, 206, 207, 210, 239, 244-245
Belliqueux, 98, 141
Bellona, 182, 183
Benbow, 45
Berwick, 17, 21, 33
Bittern, 302
Blanche, 197
Boyne, 176, 179, 191, 192
Britannia, 247
British Fleet compared with French, 161
Brunswick, 206
Canada, 77, 128, 129, 140, 141,144-145, 212 (note)
Centaur, 98, 138, 155
Collingwood, 10
Colossus, 263
Condor, 287, 289, 290, 294-304
Conqueror, 106, 264, 265-267
Cornwallis, 212
Culloden, 16
Cygnet, 302
Decoy, 302
Defiance, 274, 277
Duke, 74, 111-112, 113, 120, 127, 146
Euryalus, 231, 240, 274, 278
Fame, 107
Formidable, modern, 44-49, 51;
Rodney's, 52, 53, 54, 56, 74, 76, 78, 80, 81, 82, 84, 89, 90,
98, 99, 102, 104, 105, 106, 112-125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 143, 148,
149, 159, 160, 169-171
Gibraltar, 16, 36
Great Harry, 199
Hampton Court, 17, 18, 22, 24, 26, 31, 33
Helicon, 292
Hercules, 108-110
Implacable (Duguay Trouin), 269 (note 1)
Inflexible, 4, 45;
modern, 285, 292, 304-306
Invincible, 289, 293, 294, 296, 303, 309
Jupiter, 165, 167
Louisa, 20 (note)
Magnificent, 79, 81, 130
Marlborough, 103-105, 131
Mars, 206, 208, 255, 263
Minotaur, 273
Modern cruiser, details of construction, etc., 1-10
Monarch, 17, 77, 98, 138, 160;
modern, 289, 296, 310-311
Monmouths, the, 1-41;
'Gardiner's Monmouth,' 12, 13-41
Montague, 17, 169
Naming of, 43-44, 49-50, 52, 171
Namur, 54, 74, 116, 128, 160
Neptune, 239-240, 247
Nonsuch, 106
Orion, 247
Pallas, 206
Penelope, 289, 296, 310
Phaeton, 206, 209, 210
Phoenix, 229
Pickle, 278 (note 1)
Powerful, 303
Prince George, 74, 107
Prince William, 130, 141
Princessa, 106
Prothee, 110
Queen, 278
Ramillies, 19 (note), 149
Repulse, 128
Resolution, 77, 110, 111
Revenge, 17, 21, 33
Royal George, 10, 19, 24, 35, 72
Royal Oak, 131, 137, 160
Royal Sovereign, 199-202;
'Cornwallis's Retreat,' 203, 205-211, 243-244, 245, 247, 263,
268 (note 1), 272, 274
Russell, 60, 107, 108, 145
St. Albans, 84, 128, 129
St. George, 16
Sans Pareil, 45
Shannon, 169, 170
Sirius, 263, 269, 276, 277
Spartiate, 244, 273
Sultan, 289, 310
Superb, 289, 310
Swiftsure, 17, 18, 22, 24, 26, 29, 33, 276
Temeraire, 217 (note 2);
'Fighting Temeraire,' 213, 217-220, 222, 223-224, 227, 232;
Trafalgar Day, 233, 239-242, 243, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249-278,
280-286;
Turner's picture of, 214-217;
modern Temeraire, 289, 294, 301, 305, 310-311
Tonnant, 242-243
Torbay, 107
Trident, 20 (note)
Triumph, 206, 208
Undaunted (Bien Venu), 191-193;
various, 198
Valiant 84, 98
Victoria, 45
Victory, 183;
Nelson's 'Victory,' 10, 48, 72, 183, 214;
Trafalgar Day, 232, 239, 240-242, 243, 245, 247, 248, 249, 250,
251, 252, 254, 256, 260, 262, 270, 273, 274, 278, 280
Warrior, 6, 10
Zebra, 177-198

French--
Achille, 272
Ardent, 141-142, 144
Astree, 97, 98
Auguste, 67
Belle Poule, 67
Bien Venu, afterwards Undaunted, 191-193
Bourgogne, 67, 143, 149
Bucentaure, 246, 248, 249, 255, 263-268, 272
Cesar, 131, 135, 138, 142, 154-157, 158
Courageux, 183
Couronne, 119, 144-145
Dauphin Royal, 104
Diademe, 122, 126-127
Didon, 229 (note 1)
Duguay Trouin (Implacable), 269 (note 1)
Eveille, 119
Fleet, 71-72, 161;
De Grasse's Fleet, 62-63
Foudroyant, 12, 14-42
Fougueux, 243, 255-260, 270, 275
Glorieux, 67, 120-129, 135-138, 165
Hector, 67, 131, 135, 139, 140, 144
Hercule, 67
Heros, 279
Intrepide, 280
Languedoc, 41, 144, 146
L'Orphee, 21, 33
Magnanime, 92
Magnifique, 143
Marseillais, 143
Neptune, 249, 250, 251, 255, 256, 257, 261-262, 273
Pique, 197
Pluton, 143
Redoutable, 246, 249, 250-261, 270, 275-276
Richmond, 135, 136
Sceptre, 119-120, 144
Soleil Royal, 201
Souverain, 136
Triomphante, 143, 161
Ville de Paris, 72, 97, 98, 99, 102, 108, 109, 116-119, 132, 133,
134, 139, 142-152, 154, 158, 160, 162, 164-165, 169
Zele, 92, 97, 98

Spanish--
Neptuno, 273
Santa Ana, 245, 255, 263, 268 (note 1)
Santisima Trinidad, 239, 248, 249, 250, 264, 272

Shoeburyness, 45

Shovel, Sir Cloudesley, 202

Signals used by Nelson on Trafalgar Day, 232

'Sirius, The' (see under Ships)

Solebay, battle of, 12, 200

'Soleil Royal,' The, 201

Soper, ----, 231

Soudan, the, 293

Soult, Marshal, 46, 227, 281

'Souverain,' The, 136

Spain and France in the West Indies, 55-56

Spanish Fleet combined with French (see Trafalgar Day)

'Spartiate, The,' 244, 273

Spithead, 142, 280

'Standard, The,' Mr. Cameron, correspondent of, 293

Stanfield, Clarkson, 214-215

Stephens, ----, 169

Stopford, Capt., 210

Strachan, Sir Richard, 269 (note 1)

Suez Canal, 288

Suffren, Bailli de, 13, 58-59, 67, 279

Sultan, the, 288

'Sultan, The,' 289, 310

'Swiftsure, The' (see under Ships)

Symonds, Capt., 99, 100

'Superb, The,' 289, 310

Table Bay, 59

Tait, Dr., Archbishop of Canterbury, 308

Talleyrand, ----, 68

'Tars of the Tyne,' 202

'Temeraire, The' (see under Ships)

Thompson, Capt., 108

Thomson, Capt. Charles, 106

'Times, The,' correspondent of, 269 (note 1), 304, 307

Tiverton, 269 (note 1)

'Tonnant, The,' 242-243

Torbay, 225, 227

'Torbay, The,' 107

Toulon, 14, 15, 221, 282

Toohig, John, 254

Tourelles, M. de, 178-179

Tourville, de, 68, 236

Trafalgar, 213, 229, 230;
Trafalgar Day, 231-285;
Trafalgar relics, 284

'Trident, The,' 20 (note)

'Triomphante,' The, 143, 161

'Triumph, The,' 206, 208

Tromp, Admiral, 200

Troude, ----, 68

Trou Gascon, 74

Truscott, Capt., 106

Tryon, Sir George, 198

Tulloch, Major, 309

Turner, J.M.W., picture of the 'Temeraire,' 214-217, 283

Tyler, Capt., 242

'Undaunted, The' (see under Ships)

Upnor Castle, 12

Ushant Island, 53, 221, 225

'Valiant, The,' 84, 98

Varennes, 73

Vashon, Capt., 57, 118

Vaudreuil, Comte de, 67, 144

Vaudreuil, Marquis de, 65-66, 85-90, 119, 132, 139, 143, 146, 149, 154,
161, 164

Vaugiraud, Comte de, 67

Versailles, 73

Vicomte, de la, 67, 140

Victoria, Queen, 202

'Victoria, The,' 45

'Victory, The' (see under Ships)

Vigo galleons, 12, 202

'Ville de Paris,' The (see under Ships--French)

Villeneuve, Admiral, 227, 228, 229 (and note 1);
Trafalgar Day, 234-237, 246, 249, 263-268;
death of, 278-280

Villiers, Frederic, 289-292, 297-299, 300-301

Wallace, Sir James, 77

Wallace, Lieut. John, 260

Wallis, Sir Provo, 170

Walter, Lucy, 11

Warde, Capt. T. le H., 310

'Warrior, The,' 6, 10

'Well done, Condor!' 303

'Well done, Inflexible!' 305

'Western Squadron,' 219

West Indies--
Antigua, 54, 56
Antilles, the, 101
Barbados, 54, 56
Basse Terre, Guadeloupe, 97
British Possessions, 53
Cape Haitien, 55, 165
Cape Solomon, 82
Castries, 74
Demerara, 54
Diablotin, the, 101
Diamond Rock, 82
Dominica, 73, 84, 85, 95, 101, 161
Fort Bourbon, 174-197
Fort Louis, 175-189, 193, 194
Fort Rodney, 80
Fort Royal Bay, 53, 54, 56, 57, 72, 79, 80, 81, 82, 174-197
Gros Islet Bay, 52, 53, 54, 60, 74, 78, 165
Guadeloupe, 84, 85, 90, 95, 97
Jamaica, 54, 55, 158, 162
Martinique, 173-197
Mona Passage, 162
Montserrat, 54
Morne du Diamant, 82
Nevis, 54, 73
Pigeon Island, 74, 79, 80, 81
Point du Cap, 81
Port Royal, 162, 163
Prince Rupert's Bay, 84, 95
St. Eustatius, 73, 161
St. Kitts, 54, 57, 73, 161
St. Lucia, 52, 54, 56
St. Pierre, 81
Saints, the, 90, 91, 95, 96, 100, 174
San Domingo, 55, 56, 162
Trou Gascon, 74

Whitby, Capt., 210

Willaumez, ----, 68

William III., 200

Williams, Capt., 107

Wilson, Admiral Sir A.K., 302

Winzar, David, 38

'Woolwich Infants,' 45

Wraxall, Sir Nathaniel, 151;
'Memoirs'of, quoted, 168

Xenophon's 'Retreat of the Ten Thousand,' 205, 211

Yon, Midshipman, 251, 252

York, James, Duke of, 12

Younghusband, Commander, 305-306

'Zebra, The,' 177-198

'Zele,' The, 92, 97, 98

THE END

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