Chapter II: Introduction: v

PERIOD OF OAR AND CLOSE FIGHTING

CHAPTER

I. SALAMIS, B.C. 480 1

II. ACTIUM, B.C. 31 25

III. SVOLD ISLAND, A.D. 1000 40

IV. SLUYS, 1340 55

V. LEPANTO, 1571 67

PERIOD OF SAIL AND GUN

VI. THE ARMADA, 1588 105

VII. OFF THE GUNFLEET, 1666 142

VIII. THE SAINTS' PASSAGE, 1782 158

IX. TRAFALGAR, 1805 173

PERIOD OF STEAM, ARMOUR, AND RIFLED ARTILLERY

X. HAMPTON ROADS, 1862 206

XI. LISSA, 1866 231

XII. THE YALU, 1894 252

XIII. SANTIAGO, 1898 277

XIV. TSU-SHIMA, 1905 297

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

THE BATTLE OF TRAFALGAR _Frontispiece_
From an engraving by W. Miller from the painting
by C. Stanfield, R.A.

FACING PAGE
ROMAN WARSHIPS 32
After the paintings found at Pompeii.

A VIKING FLEET 48
From a drawing by Paul Hardy. By permission of
Cassell and Co.

A MEDITERRANEAN GALLEY OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY 67
From an engraving by J. P. le Bas, _Mediterranean Craft
of the Sixteenth Century_.

A MEDITERRANEAN CARRACK OR FRIGATE OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY 67
From an engraving by Tomkins, _Mediterranean Craft of
the Sixteenth Century_.

GALLEYS OF THE KNIGHTS OF MALTA IN ACTION WITH
TURKISH GALLEYS 80
From an engraving at the British Museum.

THE "GREAT ARMADA" ENTERING THE CHANNEL 112
From the drawing of W. H. Overend. By permission of
the _Illustrated London News_.

THE "SOVEREIGN OF THE SEAS," LAUNCHED 1637 144
A typical warship of the middle of the seventeenth
century. After the painting by Vandervelde.

GUNS AND CARRONADES IN USE IN THE BRITISH NAVY IN
THE LATTER PART OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY 158
From drawings at the British Museum.

A THREE-DECKER OF NELSON'S TIME 173
From an engraving at the British Museum.

H.M.S. "WARRIOR"--THE FIRST BRITISH IRONCLAD 212
From a photograph by Symonds and Co.

THE BATTLE OF HAMPTON ROADS. THE "MERRIMAC" AND
"MONITOR" ENGAGED AT CLOSE QUARTERS 224
From _Cassier's Magazine_, by permission of the Editor.

THE RUSSIAN BATTLESHIP "OREL" 330
From a photograph taken after the battle of Tsu-Shima,
showing effects of Japanese shell fire.

LIST OF PLANS

FACING PAGE

LEPANTO. Course of Allied Fleet from Ithaca Channel
to scene of battle 90

LEPANTO (1). Allies forming line of battle. Turks
advancing to attack 92

LEPANTO (2). Beginning of the battle. (Noon,
October 7th, 1571) 94

LEPANTO (3). The melee. (About 12.30 p.m.) 96

LEPANTO (4). Ulugh Ali's counter-attack. (About 2.30 p.m.) 102

LEPANTO (5). Flight of Ulugh Ali--Allied Fleet forming up
with captured prizes at close of battle. (About 4 p.m.) 104

VOYAGE OF THE ARMADA, 1588 120

TRAFALGAR 192

HAMPTON ROADS (1st day). "Merrimac" comes out, sinks
"Cumberland" and burns "Congress" 216

HAMPTON ROADS (2nd day). Duel between "Monitor" and
"Merrimac" 216

THE "MERRIMAC" AND "MONITOR" DRAWN TO THE SAME SCALE 222

LISSA. Battle formation of the Austrian Fleet 241

BATTLE OF LISSA. The Austrian attack at the beginning
of the battle 244

BATTLE OF THE YALU (1). The Japanese attack 264

BATTLE OF THE YALU (2). End of the fight 264

BATTLE OF SANTIAGO. Showing places where the Spanish
ships were destroyed 290

BATTLE OF TSU-SHIMA. Sketch-map to show the extent of the
waters in which the first part of the fight took place 321

BATTLE OF TSU-SHIMA. General map 322

BATTLE OF TSU-SHIMA. Diagrams of movements during the
fighting of May 27th 326

FROM SALAMIS TO TSU-SHIMA