Chapter XII: The Late Middle Kingdom and Intermediate Period Necropolis (2)

Contents:--Mummy of an old man, reduced to a mere skeleton. Among
the débris from the abdomen of the mummy was a bladder-stone.

8. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 75.

Contents:--Mummy of a man covered with a sheet. Resting against the
coffin was an earthenware pot (Pl. LXXIV. 8).

_Central passage._

9. The base of a wooden head-rest (this was similar to those found
in the coffins of this cache).

10. _Rîshi coffin._ Broken and in bad condition. It was made and
decorated like No. 2.

Contents:--Mummy of a man very roughly wrapped.

11. _Rîshi coffin._ Shell, plain wood. Lid, the ground colour white
and yellow, and the detail like No. 66. The longitudinal band for
text down the front had no inscription (Pls. LVI, LXII. 11).

Contents:--Mummy of a woman lying flat on its back with the head
turned towards the left. A small child’s mummy was resting on her
feet. Among the débris at the bottom of the coffin were: (1) a few
small beads of greenish blue faience; (2) a cowroid seal of green
glazed steatite (Pl. LXXII. 11); in the hole pierced through the
cowroid seal were remains of thread.

12. _Rîshi coffin._ Like No. 66 (Pl. LVI. 12).

Contents:--A scantily wrapped mummy of a man.

13. _The frame of a wooden stool._ This was leaning against the
wall, and it rested upon the mutilated remains of a mummy (Pl. LVI.
13). With the débris of the mummy was (1) the greater portion of a
large necklace of blue faience beads: the remainder of this
necklace was found scattered upon the floor as far as the entrance
of the hall at the end of the central passage (Pl. LXXIII. 13); (2)
the mouth and nose of a mummy mask.

14. _A mortar-bed._ The mud mortar here (Pl. LVI. 14) appears to
have been mixed for the second closing of the doorway of the hall
(_C_); the first closing of this doorway was with a _Tafle_ mortar.

15. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin._ Like No. 75, the coffin
shows signs of rough handling, and had been broken to pieces.

Contents:--Mummy of a woman. By the left shoulder was a wooden
head-rest broken into two pieces and the central portion of its
stem missing (Pl. LXVIII. 15); on the third finger of the left hand
was a blue glazed steatite scarab tied with string (Pl. LXXII. 15);
and sprinkled in the linen wrappings were a few small beads of blue
faience.

_Hall (C)._

16. _An oval-shaped rush basket._ This basket is finely woven and
measures 50 cms. across its long axis. It shows traces of coloured
strands interwoven into the mesh at intervals to form triangular
markings, but the colour of these markings has deteriorated. The
lid has a flange round its lower edge to fit into a corresponding
rim or flange on the inner side of the mouth of the basket itself
(Pl. LXIV. 16).

Contents:--A pair of bronze forceps for extracting hair (Pl. LXV);
note the curved ends made expressly for that purpose.

A razor very finely wrought of copper, with two separate cutting
edges. One edge or blade is slightly concave for shaving the convex
surfaces of the head, face, and body; the other blade is of convex
shape for shaving the concave parts, such as the arm-pits (Pl.
LXV). The preservation is so good that the knife edges are still
keen, and the prints of the ancient finger-marks are still visible
upon its polished surfaces. It measures 18·5 cms. in length.

A hone of granular white stone for sharpening the razor (Pl. LXV).

A kohl-box made of cedar-wood (?). It is octagonal in shape, and
has an ivory lid and base. The lid turns on a stud-headed wooden
peg, and when closed it was held in place by an ivory bolt shot
into copper staples. On the side of the box, slung in two copper
staples, is the ebony kohl-stick. The total length is 7·9 cms. (Pl.
LXV).

The handle and clasp of a fan made of wood (Pl. LXV).

A pottery bowl (Pl. LXV).

An ebony kohl-stick.

A pair of leather sandals (these were adhering to the bottom of the
basket, and could not be removed).

A large round basket (Pl. LXIV, right-hand side of illustration).

A small round basket (Pl. LXIV, left-hand side of illustration).

The large round basket contained:

A kohl-pot of hard grey stone like aragonite, and a kohl-stick of
ebony (Pl. LXV).

A bronze mirror made of copper, measuring in its maximum length 17
cms. (Pl. LXV): the handle had been coated with a white metal
(silver?) to prevent corrosion.

A scarab made of green jasper and bearing the prenomen and nomen of
Amenhetep I (Pls. LXV, LXXII. 16). It is round-backed and a fine
specimen.

Some decayed locks of hair.

The smaller round basket contained:

A blue glazed steatite scarab of the Hyksos Period (Pls. LXV,
LXXII. 16).

17. _A chair and a stool._ These were broken and tucked between the
foot of coffin No. 18 and the wall (Pl. LXXI). The chair made of
wood has a low square seat of rush-work mesh plaited upon a frame
and supported by four square legs; the legs are strengthened by
cross-bars. The slanting, curved, compound back is dowelled into
the frame of the seat, and it is stayed by uprights which are
continuous from the back legs; it also had (now missing) a central
strut at the back. These uprights and the central strut were fixed
to the back of the chair by means of ivory pegs. The principal
constructive joints of the main body of the chair are strengthened
by angle-pieces of carved bent wood, and these angle-pieces when
exposed to view are ornamented by being composed of several kinds
of wood. The top rail of the back (missing) appears from some of
the remaining ivory pegs to have been made of ivory. It measures 41
× 52 cms. square, the seat 28 cms. high, and the top rail of the
back must have been something like 75 cms. when perfect. The stool
had a similar seat to the chair, and it also has similar
strengthening bars between the legs. It stands 16 cms. in height,
and measures 38 × 35 cms. square.

18. _Decorated anthropoid coffin of the New Kingdom._ Ground colour
white; head-dress and bands for hieroglyphs blue. The inscriptions,
written in black, with linear hieroglyphs of the Intermediate
Period style, do not give any name (Pl. LXII. 18).

Contents:--Mummy roughly wrapped. The sex was difficult to
ascertain.

19. _Viscera box._ Small square box painted white and of inferior
quality. The interior, divided into two compartments by a central
partition, contained matter wrapped in linen like the viscera of a
mummy.

20. _Viscera box._ Painted white, with the _de hetep seten_ formula
upon the lid giving the name Ta-nezem.
Depicted upon the four sides of the box are human-headed canopic
jars, with, written on either side, the usual formulae in vertical
bands (Pl. LXI. 20). The interior, divided into four compartments,
contained similar matter to No. 19 (see coffin No. 24).

21. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin._ Like No. 75 (broken).

Contents:--Mummy of a man covered with a sheet. At the side of the
left shoulder a wooden head-rest (Pl. LXVIII. 21), with, engraved
upon its stem, the deities _Bes_ and _Taurt_. On the third finger
of the left hand a scarab mounted on a silver ring (Pl. LXXII. 21).
The scarab is round-backed, of green glazed steatite, and has
inscribed upon its base the ‘Divine Wife, Hatshepsût’.

22. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin._ Like No. 75 (broken).

Contents:--Mummy of a woman, decayed and fallen to pieces. In the
débris traces of plaited hair and two red jasper scarabs (Pl.
LXXII. 22).

23. _Decorated anthropoid coffin of the New Empire._ Ground colour
white. Head-dress, blue striated with yellow lines. Face, yellow,
with the eye-sockets of bronze, eyeballs of aragonite, and pupils
of obsidian. Decoration, round the neck a collarette painted to
represent rows of coloured beads, fringed with drop pendants, and
with hawk-headed clasps. Below, over the breast, the vulture
_Nekhebyt_ and goddess _Nut_. On either side, at the ankles, the
jackal _Anubis_ is represented resting on his pylon. At the feet
_Isis_ and at the head _Nephthys_. There are three transverse bands
round the body and one longitudinal band down the front, all of
which contain the usual religious formulae with the owner’s name
Tahuti. On the sides of the shell, in
the panels formed by the bands of hieroglyphs, are representations
of the different gods facing legends dedicated to them. The lid was
fixed to its shell by stud-headed wooden pegs.

Contents:--Mummy of a man with his hands crossed over the thighs.
On the third finger of the left hand, attached by string, was a
round-backed green glazed steatite scarab (Pl. LXXII. 23).

Beneath the coffin, and lying on the floor of the chamber, was a
walking staff 142 cms. in length. The bark upon the stick was
intact and it resembles that of cherry wood. The end was worn, and
at the handle a natural projecting branch was trimmed so as to form
a crutch.

24. _Decorated anthropoid coffin of the New Empire._ This coffin
was similar to No. 23, but not so fine. The eyes were only painted,
and the decoration varied by having the goddess _Nut_ alone below
the collar, the absence of the two jackals on the sides of the
ankles, and _Nephthys_ on the head. The legends, between the bands
of formulae, referring to the gods had been added in black ink
after the completion of the coffin. It bore the name Aah-hetep, who was called
Ta-nezem (see viscera box No. 20).

Contents:--Mummy of a woman carefully wrapped, with the right arm
across the breast, and the left arm resting at the side. She was
covered with a sheet which when removed exposed two statuettes
lying on either side of the knees of the mummy (Pl. LXVII. 2), and
upon the shins a round shallow basket (Pl. LXIV. 24) containing a
heart scarab made of unburnt steatite bearing an enigmatical
inscription (Pl. LXXII. 24). On the left hand, tied with string to
the third finger, were two scarabs: one, high-backed and of blue
glazed steatite, bore the name of the ‘Herald Ren-senb’; the other,
high-backed and of blue paste, had a winged _kheper_ surmounted by
_Ra_ engraved upon its base (Pl. LXXII. 24). Underneath the mummy
was a very small basket containing three copper forceps and a
kohl-stick.

The statuette found on the right side may be described as follows:
Small portrait figure of a boy named
Amenemheb, nude, and of electrum; dedicated by his father
Tahuti[52] ‘who makes to live his name’. It measures 13 cms. high,
and stands upon a wooden pedestal which is inscribed. The work is
that of a very good artist, showing great instinctive feeling and
subtle modelling as well as delicacy. Though the actual finish of
the detail is not carried to a very high pitch, this fact does not
lessen its beauty, and a glance at the photographs (Pl. LXVII. 1
and frontispiece) will at once show its charm and high art sense.
In the left hand is a lotus-bud with long and flowing stalk. The
metal was cast and the figure worked upon after it was chilled. The
statuette at first may seem attenuated, but any one who knows the
youth of modern Egypt will at once recognize its truth.

The statuette found on the left side was in wood, of a boy named
Hu-uben-ef, and it was dedicated by his
father Tahuti ‘who makes to live his name’. This figure stands 31
cms. in height, and is very cleanly cut, the work good, but of a
different and perhaps not so high a standard as the metal figure of
his brother. Nevertheless it is exquisitely rendered and shows a
strong likeness to the other, particularly in the shape of the
head. The pedestal is inscribed with the dedication, and mentions
also a prayer for _per-kheru_ offerings for the _ka_. Traces of
colour, red, are visible on the nude parts; the hair is coloured
black, the eye-balls are painted white, the pupils, eye-lashes, and
brows black (Pl. LXVII. 2).

25. _An oval-shaped basket._ This basket is similar in make to No.
16 and measures 40 cms. across its long axis. It is of coarser
weaving and shows no signs of decorations (Pl. LXIV. 25). Some
bituminous material had been spilt into it, and many of the objects
it contained adhered to its inner side and were stuck together from
that cause.

Contents (Pl. LXVI):--It seemed to have contained a scribe’s
outfit, which was once probably complete, but many of the objects
found in it were broken and parts of them were missing. These were:
(1) a large reed case made of a section cut from the stalk of a
thick rush. At the top this has a floral ornament made of four
pieces of carved wood which are let into spaces cut in the sides at
the end and bound in position by a strip of linen. The node or
natural joint of the rush has been utilized for the bottom end, and
the top end was stopped by a rag plug. In it were found twenty-six
thin reeds and a few seeds of a plant.[1] (2) A small reed case
made like the former one described above, but without top ornament.
It enclosed fifteen thin reeds and similar seeds of a plant.[53]
(3) A wooden palette varying only from the common and well-known
types by having three small oblong-shaped holes pierced diagonally
through the side corners for strips of leather (?) for suspension.
(4) A peculiar wooden instrument, mallet-like in shape: its use is
unknown to me. There are on the small end indentations like marks
that could be caused by tightly-bound string. (5) A rectangular
oblong piece of hard wood. Its use is unknown to me; but it appears
to be part of some instrument, as there are two holes in one side
and another at the end. In all three holes there are ends of broken
pegs. (6) A stick some 30 cms. in length. It seems to be the
cross-bar of a pair of scales (note the hole and peg in the centre
and peculiar notched ends). (7) A bag made of woven fibrous string.
(8) A small linen bag; the mouth was drawn together by string in
the same manner as purses of the present day. (9) A roll of
leather, bound with strips of the same material. (10) A roll of
linen (not shown in the Plate). (11) Very small fragments of
papyrus which seem to have been torn from a small roll of papyrus
(not shown in the Plate). (12) A clay figure of a cynocephalous ape
(Thoth). This little creature was wrapped in linen. (13)
Human-headed sphinx, cut out of a sheet of copper. (14) A large
round piece of wax. (15) A tortoise-shell. (16) A miniature clay
cup. A strip of linen was bound round the stem. (17) Model
knuckle-bone in clay. (18) Some pieces of resinous material. (19) A
small wooden peg. (20) A small amuletic figure in green glaze
faience. (21) One large clay disk, four wax disks, and twelve disks
of different sizes made of some black material. They appear to be
weights:

1. Clay 12·0 grains.
2. Wax 4·0 “
3. “ 4·0 “
4. “ -- }weight obscured from bitumen
5. “ -- } adhering to them.
6. Black material 3·5 grains.
7. “ “ 3·5 “
8. “ “ 3·5 “
9. “ “ 3·0 “
10. “ “ -- broken.
11. “ “ 3·0 grains.
12. Black material 2·5 grains.
13. “ “ 2·5 “
14. “ “ 2·5 “
15. “ “ 2·5 “
16. “ “ 2·5 “
17. “ “ 2·0 “

26. _A writing tablet._ This tablet, made of wood and covered with
stucco, with surface polished for writing, bore inscriptions on
both sides. It was broken in two halves, measures 48 × 26·5 cms.,
and was found among the stones covering the floor of the chamber
(see Chapter XIII by Dr. Möller).

27. _Parts of a model five-stringed musical instrument._ Similar to
Nos. 28, 63 A, and 92 (see Pl. LXXI, and for description No. 63 A).

28. _A pottery pan containing various objects._ (1) A model
four-stringed musical instrument (Pl. LXXI. 28) made of sycomore
wood, ebony, and ivory. (For further description see No. 63 A.) (2)
A bird-trap (Pl. LXIV. 28) made of wood and of the following
construction and mechanism:--Two flat boards cut semicircular and
joined in the middle by a central broad bar of wood which is
slightly longer than the diameter of the circle formed by the two
semicircular boards; these three pieces of wood formed the floor of
the trap. Upon the central bar, it will be noticed that there are
two pairs of pillars, grooved on top, and a hole in the bar on the
right and left side of each pair of pillars (see Pl. LXIV). Strung
over each pair of pillars were (now missing) several strands of
catgut (?), with their ends passed through the holes on either
side, and held at the back by short pieces of stick. By revolving
these pieces of stick at the back the strands of catgut were
twisted and brought to any degree of tension required, and thus by
this method formed two spring-hinges. Fixed in these spring-hinges
was a flexible piece of stick bent to form an arched bow (not shown
in Pl. LXIV), either end of the bow being passed through the
strands of twisted gut at such an angle as to cause the bow to be
pressed on to one half of the circular bottom of the trap (the
position when closed). Attached to the bow and on the opposite half
of the bottom of the trap was a net (see holes for this purpose and
remains of net, Pl. LXIV. 28), sufficiently large to allow the
capture of a bird. To open the trap, the bow would be pulled over
to the side that the net is attached to. On this side, at the edge,
there is a notch (see Pl. LXIV. 28) for a pillar-catch which held
the bow open. This catch was worked by a string through a hole
beside it (see Pl. LXIV. 28), which was passed underneath and
brought up through a hole in the centre of the bottom of the trap
(see Pl. LXIV. 28), where the string was attached to a sensitive
adjustment so placed that the movements of a bird touching it would
detach it and cause the trap to close (i. e. the bow to spring into
its original position on the opposite side). The wooden bow
belonging to the trap was found sometime afterwards among a lot of
stray wood that came from the tomb, and it was exactly as described
above. (3) A mechanical toy bird made of wood (Pl. LXIV, right and
left of trap). (4) Pottery bowl of red pottery full of a brown
powdery substance. (5) A painted clay head of a bull. (6) A small
round basket containing a blue faience kohl-pot. (7) A writing
tablet like No. 26 (see Chapter XIII by Dr. Möller).

29. _Plain anthropoid coffin._ The outer surface of this coffin is
painted white, with the features of the face roughly delineated in
black (Pl. LXI. 29).

Contents:--Mummy of a girl.

30. _Rectangular child’s coffin._ Similar to No. 80.

Contents:--Skeleton of a baby.

31. _Dug-out rectangular child’s coffin._ Similar to No. 41.

Contents:--Mummy of a child. In the wrappings covering the hair
were some bone and cornelian beads like those found in coffin No.
78 given in Pl. LXXII. 78. Resting on the feet of the mummy was a
basket turned over and its contents spilt. The contents were
several necklaces of many kinds of blue faience beads, of which
examples are given in Pl. LXXIII. 31. With them was a small blue
faience kohl-pot of usual type. One of the cowroid beads bore the
prenomen of Thothmes I, while others had hieroglyphic signs on
them, including one which had upon its
base.

32. _A bunch of papyrus reeds._

33. _A small obsidian unguent vase._ This was found resting upon
the chest of coffin No. 23.

34. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 75
(broken).

Contents:--Mummy broken to fragments.

35. _Decorated rectangular coffin._ Smashed to pieces by the
falling of the rock ceiling of the chamber. There were no traces of
objects.

36. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 75.

Contents:--Among the decayed remains of a mummy was a round-backed
green glazed steatite scarab, bearing a very fine example of spiral
pattern engraved upon its bezel (Pl. LXXII. 36).

37. _Rectangular dug-out coffin._ Similar to No. 58 (lid missing).

Contents:--Mummy of a woman. In the débris of the mummy, on the
bottom of the coffin, was a round-backed green glazed steatite
scarab (Pl. LXXII. 37).

38. _Plain anthropoid coffin._ Similar to No. 29.

Contents:--Mummy of a man. Lying on the bottom of the coffin was a
blue faience scaraboid bead (Pl. LXXII. 38).

39. _Parts of a frame of a wooden stool._ Similar to No. 13.

40. _Anthropoid dug-out child’s coffin._ Painted white and very
roughly made.

Contents:--Child’s skeleton.

_Pit (D)._

41. _Rectangular dug-out child’s coffin._ The shell was cut out of
one block of wood, and for the lid a flat board was used. Wooden
pegs at either end of the lid show that it once had head and foot
pieces (P. LXI. 41).

Contents:--Mummy of a child.

42. _Rectangular dug-out child’s coffin._ This was of peculiar
type. The block of wood from which it was made was cut in half
diagonally, so that the lid and shell were of equal proportions.
Some auxiliary pieces of wood had been let into the lid to
strengthen it (Pl. LXI. 42).

Contents:--Skeleton of a baby.

43. _Rectangular child’s coffin._ Similar to No. 80.

Contents:--Skeleton of a very young child. In the shell of the
coffin there were a few miniature blue faience beads.

44. _Rectangular child’s coffin._ Similar to No. 80. The lid was
tied on with rope.

Contents:--Skeleton of a child.

45. _Rectangular child’s coffin._ Similar to No. 80.

Contents:--Mummy of a child.

46. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 75.

Contents:--Mummy of a man.

47. _Plain anthropoid coffin._ Similar to No. 29. The lid was tied
on with rope.

Contents:--Mummy of a woman, in bad condition and much decayed. In
the débris there were some bone bead-bangles (for example see Pl.
LXXIII. 53); a blue glazed steatite scarab of the Hyksos period; a
turquoise blue glass cowroid bead; and a blue faience scaraboid
bead (Pl. LXXII. 47).

48. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 75.

Contents:--Mummy of a man.

49. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 75.

Contents:--Two mummies; one of a man, the other of a woman, lying
head to feet. Among these remains were some bone and cornelian
bead-bangles (for example see Pl. LXXIII. 78).

50. _Rectangular open-grid bottomed coffin._ Similar to No. 52.

Contents:--Mummy of a half-grown child. The mummy was enveloped in
reeds. Upon it were bone and cornelian bead-bangles (see Pl.
LXXIII. 78); a group of tubular barrel-shaped beads, coated with
chips of glass and disk-shaped faience beads; also an amuletic
necklace (Pl. LXXIII. 50). The beads of this amuletic necklace were
made of cornelian, faience, and blue opaque glass; the amulets were
flies, hawks, and symbolical knots, made of glazed and unglazed
steatite, jasper, and faience, and the central pendant of gold. The
original position of these objects upon the mummy it was impossible
to ascertain.

51. _Rectangular dug-out child’s coffin._ Similar to No. 41.

Contents:--Mummy of a child. In the coffin, underneath the mummy,
was a wooden throw-stick and a gold earring; the second gold
earring was afterwards found at the bottom of the pit. The
throw-stick, 42 cms. in length, is finely carved out of very hard
wood, and it has a propeller-like twist.

52. _Rectangular open-grid bottomed coffin._ A plain wood
rectangular coffin, with wooden bars at intervals in place of the
boarded bottom (Pl. LX. 52).

Contents:--Mummy of a woman, bent, as it was too large for the
coffin. On the third finger of the left hand, attached by string,
were two jasper scarabs (Pl. LXXII. 52). One of the scarabs had a
fish and lotus-flower engraved upon its bezel.

53. _Plain rectangular gable-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 62, but
has no traces of paint.

Contents:--Mummy of a man. Beside the head, and resting on the
bottom of the coffin, were:--(1) a small wood and ivory jewel-box
(fallen to pieces); (2) an alabaster bowl in the shape of a
cartouche; (3) a blue faience bowl; and (4) a pottery vase (Pl.
LXIX. 53). The mummy had rotted away, and among the débris
were:--(1) round-backed blue glazed steatite scarab, mounted in a
gold funda, bearing on its base the name of the royal daughter,
Neferu-ra (daughter of Queen Hatshepsût); (2) round-backed blue
glazed scarab bearing the prenomen of Thothmes III; (3)
round-backed green glazed scarab, mounted in gold funda, bearing a
decorative pattern; (4) cowroid seal of glazed steatite (worn to
brown) bearing a decorative pattern, and mounted in a gold funda;
(5) high-backed scarab of dark green paste bearing a floral
pattern, and mounted upon a copper-wire ring--the wire is threaded
through the scarab and is passed through a small hole on the other
end of the wire, flattened and pierced for the purpose, and it is
held thus by being twisted round the wire a few times (Pl. LXXII.
53). Fallen out of the small jewel-box (mentioned above) there were
three necklaces. One of them was a long string of violet faience
beads (similar to No. 6, Pl. LXXIII); another was made up of plain
bone beads (Pl. LXXIII. 53); and the third consisted of cornelian,
violet faience, and gold beads, with amulets at intervals made of
gold, silver, cornelian, and blue glass (Pl. LXXIII. 53).

54. _A grey pottery vase_ (Pl. LXXIV. D), bearing a hieratic
inscription (see Chapter XIII, by Dr. Möller).

55. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 75.

Contents:--Two adult and one child’s mummy. Like the coffin they
were very much broken. Among the remains were bone and cornelian
beads, and an ivory bracelet (Pl. LXXIII. 55, on the plate
incorrectly 85).

56. _Rectangular child’s coffin._ Similar to No. 80.

Contents:--Mummy of an infant.

57. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 75.

Contents:--Three adult mummies, which, like the coffin, were
broken. With them was a wooden head-rest (Pl. LXVIII. 57); a
round-backed green glazed steatite scarab (Pl. LXXII. 57); and a
few stray beads of cornelian, faience, and bone.

58. _Rectangular dug-out coffin._ The lid was tied on with rope
(Pl. LXI. 58).

Contents:--Mummy of a man.

59. _Decorated rectangular coffin._ The colouring is similar to
that of No. 7, except that instead of the two goddesses at either
end there are geometrical drawings (Pl. LX. 59).

Contents:--Four mummies covered with a large shroud. At the head
end of the coffin, and resting on the mummies, there were: (1) a
black pottery vase; (2) a red pottery biangular bowl; (3) a wooden
head-rest; (4) a basket containing four dôm nuts, and a vase which
had in it a piece of crystal, and a round-backed green glazed
steatite scarab (Pl. LXVIII. 59 and Pl. LXXII. 59).

The four mummies, packed head to feet, were as follows:--

(_a_) Mummy of a woman with a scarab necklace (Pl. LXXII. 59 A); a
bead necklace (Pl. LXXIII. 59); and some bead-bangles of bone and
cornelian (for examples see No. 78, Pl. LXXIII). One of the scarabs
upon the necklace bears the nomen of Thothmes I.

(_b_) Mummy of a child.

(_c_) Mummy of a man wrapped in very coarse linen.

(_d_) Mummy of an adult (sex difficult to ascertain).

With the mummy there was a walking-staff; in the abdomen were some
dôm nuts, and a group of scarabs (Pl. LXXII. 59 D), which appear,
from the string that some were still threaded upon, to have once
formed a necklace. In the wrappings near the neck of the mummy were
some faience and bone beads. One of the scarabs bore upon its bezel
Neb-ded-Ra, encircled by a coil pattern
(cp. Scarab, B.M., No. 37730); another had the prenomen of Thothmes
II, above a crouching jackal; and a third one has the _Hor-nub_
name of Thothmes I.

_Chamber (E)._

60. _Rîshi coffin._ Similar to No. 11, but of very rough
workmanship.

Contents:--Mummy of a woman scantily wrapped in coarse linen.

61. _Rectangular child’s coffin._ Similar to No. 80.

Contents:--Mummy of an infant.

62. _Plain rectangular gable-topped coffin._ The outer surface of
this coffin is covered with a thin paint of pinky hue. The lid is
slanting on either side, has a longitudinal beam in the centre, and
an upright head and foot piece on its ends (Pl. LX. 62).

Contents:--Three mummies: two were of adults lying side by side,
the third of a child placed at their feet. The child’s mummy had
upon its neck an amuletic necklace composed of round and barrel
faience beads of red and green colour with pendant amulets of the
same material, and in the centre a brown stone turtle; on the arms
were bead-bangles composed of bone and faience beads; and lying
near the hands, tied upon a piece of string, were two scarabs and a
cowroid seal (Pl. LXXII. 62 A). One of the adult mummies had round
its neck a cornelian bead necklace (Pl. LXXIII. 62); and upon the
third finger of the left hand a green glazed steatite scarab (Pl.
LXXII. 62 B).

63. _Decorated rectangular coffin._ The coloration of the detail,
painted upon a strawberry-coloured ground, is similar to No. 7. On
the end panels, the goddesses _Isis_ and _Nephthys_ are standing
with the arms upheld (Pl. LX. 63).

Contents:--Two mummies of a man and a woman, lying side by side,
and covered with a shroud. Beside the head of the woman were two
grey pottery vases, and a larger one in black pottery; a dark blue
faience bowl, and a wooden kohl-pot (Pl. LXVIII. 63). The woman had
within the wrappings of the head a broken ivory comb (Pl. LXVIII.
63); and near the hands, lying loosely, were two cowroid seals (Pl.
LXXII. 63 A). The man had no ornament upon him.

63 A. _A four-stringed musical instrument_ (Pl. LXXI. 63 A). The
_neck_, _back_, and _belly_ are made of one piece of sycomore wood.
The _belly_ is hollowed out like a trough, and has its two sides
curved slightly inwards at the middle, thus forming a kind of waist
(this was probably due to the tension of the strained skin that
covered it). Across the _belly_, longitudinally, is the combined
_tail-piece_ and _bridge_ to which the lower fixed ends of the
strings are attached: the tapering end of this combined
_tail-piece_ and _bridge_ was inserted into a socket at the
juncture where the _belly_ and _neck_ join, and its lower and
broader end was bound to a protuberance, made for the purpose, at
the extreme end of the _belly_. Near the top end of the _neck_, and
into the back of it, the four _key-pegs_ for receiving the strings
are inserted. The strings themselves (their lower ends being fixed
to the combined _tail-piece_ and _bridge_), which were passed
along the side of the _neck_ and twisted round the _key-pegs_, had
their upper ends brought over the _neck_ and slipped under the
tightened portion of the strings which pressed against the side of
the _neck_ (see Fig. 92, Pl. LXXI). For a _sounding-board_, skin
was stretched over the whole of the _belly_, with an aperture left
at the juncture of the _belly_ and _neck_ to allow the combined
_tail-piece_ and _bridge_ to be inserted into its socket. The total
length of the instrument is 1·37 metres. This particular specimen I
believe to have been an actual instrument, while the others, Nos.
27, 28, and 92, were merely small models. With these models there
are slight variations in the construction, but as the main idea is
the same it is unnecessary to describe them.

64. _Plain rectangular gable-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 62, but
has no traces of colour upon it.

Contents:--Mummy of a man sewn up in a shroud. Near the head a
wooden head-rest; by the side a walking-staff; and under the head,
wrapped in a piece of linen, were (1) a wooden kohl-pot of trefoil
section, (2) a bronze razor and granular stone hone,[54] (3) a cord
belt and loin cloth (Pl. LXIX. 64). On the third finger of the left
hand was a blue glazed steatite scarab, mounted on gold funda: this
was tied with string (Pl. LXXII. 64).

65. _Plain rectangular gable-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 62, but
with no traces of colour.

Contents:--Two mummies of a man and woman, lying head to feet, and
covered by a shroud. The mummy of the woman had a broken alabaster
bowl (Pl. LXIX. 65) lying at the feet. The mummy of the man
appeared to be re-wrapped, and had nothing on it.

66. _Rîshi coffin._ Shell--cut out of a tree trunk, and painted
with black, red, and white bands. Lid--the detailed
feather-decoration is painted in red, green, and dark blue on a
white and yellow ground. The face is yellow. The longitudinal band
down the centre has no inscription (Pl. LXII. 66).

Contents:--Mummy of a man.

67. _Rectangular child’s coffin._ This coffin had been enlarged,
and the lid, which was made of old boards, was tied to pegs at
either end of the shell.

Contents:--Mummy of a child, with knees bent.

_Chamber (A)._

68. _Semi-decorated anthropoid coffin._ Similar to No. 6 (Pl.
LVIII. 68).

Contents:--A skeleton of a young man with hardly any traces of
mummification visible.

69. _Plain rectangular gable-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 62 (Pl.
LVIII. 69).

Contents:--Mummy of a woman much decayed.

70. _Rîshi coffin._ Similar to No. 66. The longitudinal band down
the front has the _de hetep seten_ formula, but bears no name:
space for the name has been left blank (Pl. LVIII. 70).

Contents:--Mummy of a woman lying flat on her back, with head
turned towards the left. In front of the face, a wooden head-rest;
under the cheek, a large bronze mirror. On the head was a wig of
plaited hair (Pl. LXX. 70).

71. _Plain rectangular gable-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 62. The
bottom of the coffin was not in place, and was lying on the floor,
only partly under it.

Contents:--Mummy of a woman covered with a mat with long pile. On
her right side, a wooden cylinder covered with leather and
containing six musical reeds. These reeds were (1) 36·5 cms. long,
with four notes; (2) 36·5 cms. long, with three notes; (3) 30·5
cms. long, with two notes; (4) 28 cms. long, with four notes on one
side (three were intentionally blocked up with resinous material),
and on the other side there was a hole or note; (5) 25 cms. long,
with five notes (a crack mended with resinous material); (6) 23·5
cms. long, with five notes. The reeds average 12 mms. in thickness.
Under the woman’s legs was a basket containing two flints, two
lumps of clay, a reed kohl-pot and two wooden kohl-sticks, a piece
of a wooden comb,[55] a splinter of wood, some bone and faience
bead-bangles, and a small plaited lock of hair. In the womb were
traces of an embryonic skeleton (Pl. LXIX. 71).

72. _Viscera box._ Similar to No. 20, with rounded lid (Pl. LXI.
72). No inscriptions.

Contents like Nos. 19 and 20.

73. _Decorated anthropoid coffin of the New Empire._ Similar in
fashion to No. 23, but rougher in detail and finish (Pls. LVIII.
and LXII. 73). The lid was fixed in place by wooden pegs, and it
bore the name Aahmes.

Contents:--Mummy of a woman covered with a shroud. On the right
side of the head was a broken kohl-pot; and at the top of the head,
rolled in linen, a chignon, a pottery vase containing a kind of
pomade which bore prints of the ancient fingers, and an ebony comb
and bone hair-pin (Pl. LXX. 73). The mummy was sewn up in a sheet,
which, when removed, exposed transverse bindings which continued
down to the bitumenized body. The arms were crossed over the
abdomen. On the head, over the natural hair, a plaited wig much
decayed.

74. _Decorated anthropoid coffin of the New Empire._ This coffin
(Pl. LVIII. 74) is fully illustrated by Plate LXIII, Figs. 1, 2. It
bears the name of Mentu-hetep, and,
among the religious formulae written upon it, gives the variant
for _Horus_.

Contents:--Mummy of a man covered with a shroud. Under the shroud,
and resting upon the mummy, was a long (164 cms.) bronze snake
sceptre; and on the third finger of the left hand a round-backed
green glazed steatite scarab (Pl. LXXII. 74) tied with string.

75. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin._ Lid and shell made of
planks of wood, with upright head and foot pieces upon the ends of
lid (Pls. LVIII., LX. 75).

Contents:--Mummy of a woman with plaited hair. Round the waist was
a girdle composed of two twisted strings of bone beads.

76. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 75.

Contents:--Mummy of a woman. Hair plaited; on wrists, bangles of
double strings of bone and cornelian beads; on third finger of left
hand a scarab (Pl. LXXII. 76), and few beads strung on thread; and
tied round the fourth finger of the same hand was a small cornelian
pendant drop.

_Chamber (B)._

77. _Plain rectangular gable-topped coffin_ (Pl. LIX. 77). Similar
to No. 62.

Contents:--Three mummies covered with a shroud: one was of a man,
and the other two of children. The children’s mummies were
bitumenized and bound in knotted and twisted linen. The mummy of
the man (bearded) had on the third finger of the left hand a scarab
mounted upon a silver ring (Pl. LXXII. 77 C). The scarab, made of
steatite (brown), bore an ornamental Hathor design.

78. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin_ (Pl. LIX. 78). Similar
to No. 75.

Contents:--Mummy of a woman covered with a shroud. Under the head a
basket containing a dark brown stone kohl-pot, an alabaster vase,
and a cedar-wood comb. Near the basket were two black pottery
long-necked vases (Pl. LXVIII. 78). Lying on the breast, and under
the wrappings, was a small basket (Pl. LXVIII. 78) containing bone
and cornelian bead-bangles (Pl. LXXIII. 78), and three scarabs and
two cowroids. On the neck an amuletic necklace; and on the third
finger of the left hand two gold-mounted cowroids. The scarabs were
two of glazed steatite mounted in gold fundi, and one of cornelian;
the cowroids were three of glass mounted in gold, and one of
steatite mounted in gold (Pl. LXXII. 78). The amuletic necklace was
composed of lapis-lazuli, gold, cornelian, and garnet beads, strung
more or less haphazard between gold amulets (Pl. LXXIII. 78).

79. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin_ (Pl. LIX. 79). Similar
to No. 75 (head and foot pieces missing and lid partly open).

Contents:--Mummy of a young woman, which appeared to have been
re-wrapped. On the neck a necklace (Pl. LXXIII. 79) composed of
gold, lapis-lazuli, and cornelian beads.

80. _Rectangular child’s coffin_. Square box, oblong in form, made
of wooden planks. The lid had upright head and foot pieces (Pls.
LIX. and LXI. 80).

Contents:--Mummy of an infant.

_South Wing._

81. _Plain rectangular flat-topped coffin_. Similar to No. 75. This
coffin was open, its lid lying by its side, and was empty.

_North Wing._

82. _Two ivory castanets._ The ends shaped like human hands, and
curved. They were lying in the débris of the corridor of the tomb.

_Niche (G)._

83. _Plain rectangular gable-topped coffin._ Similar to No. 62, but
of small size and thinly coated with white paint. Upon the top of
the coffin was a decayed mummy of a person of immature age, and
with it were three gold earrings (Pl. LXIX. 83). The contents of
the coffin were two children’s mummies lying one upon the other,
and resting upon the top one was a small round basket (Pl. LXIX.
83) containing: (1) a wristlet of bone and cornelian beads (Pl.
LXXIII. 83); (2) a necklace of bone beads (for example see 53, Pl.
LXXIII.); and (3) a necklace of violet faience beads. Upon the
lower mummy were two small bundles of linen containing fruit of the
_nebek_-tree, which were bound together with a string of blue
faience beads. This mummy had upon its left wrist(?) a bangle of
bone and faience beads (Pl. LXXIII. 83).

Behind the coffin were three pots (Pl. LXXIV. G) leaning against
the back wall of the niche. The niche (_G_) seems to have been
specially made for these burials, which were covered up by the
stone chippings made in its excavation. These burials appear to
have been made in the tomb when left open after its destruction,
but before it was used as a storehouse.

_Passage (L)._

84. _Dug-out anthropoid child’s coffin_. The shell, cut out of a
tree stem, was very roughly made. The lid was missing.

Contents:--Mummy of an infant decayed, and among the débris were
minute blue faience and gold beads (Pl. LXXIII. 84).

_Central Passage._

85. _An ivory castanet._ Burnt, and with end shaped like a human
hand; it differed from No. 82 by being straight. This was found in
the layer of rubbish that covered the floor of the passage. It
appears to belong to the original interment of the tomb.

_Hall (C)._

86. _A wooden statuette and fragment of a wooden coffin of the
Middle Kingdom._ The statuette, broken, is covered with stucco and
painted, and is of exceedingly coarse workmanship. It represents a
woman carrying upon her head a linen basket. The fragment of coffin
bore an inscription reading
_perkheru_-offerings for the devoted one _Henŷt_. These antiquities
were found in the layer of rubbish that covered the floor, and
probably belong to the original interment of the tomb (some parts
of the statuette came from the small chamber _F_).

87. _A wooden jewel-box._ This is similar to the box found in tomb
No. 24 (Pl. XLVI).

Contents:--A _ka-hetep_ amulet and necklace of blue faience (Pl.
LXXIII. 87); a necklace of white and violet cylindrical faience
beads (Pl. LXXIII. 87); a blue glazed steatite scarab (Pl. LXXII.
87); a blue glazed steatite kohl-pot, made to imitate matrix of
turquoise; a reel of white faience; and a copper fillet for the
hair (see tomb No. 25, p. 55). These objects are all of the Middle
Kingdom period, and were discovered in the layer of rubbish
covering the floor of the chamber. They probably belonged to the
original interment.

_Pit (D)._

88. _Panel stela._ Covered with white stucco and painted. It
measures 45 × 27 cms. (see Chapter XIII, by Dr. Möller).

89. _Panel stela._ Similar to No. 88, and measures 57 × 22 cms.
(see Chapter XIII, by Dr. Möller).

90. _Panel stela._ Similar to Nos. 88 and 89, but of much thicker
wood, and badly broken (see Chapter XIII, by Dr. Möller).

_Chamber (F)._

91. _Broken shafts of arrows, parts of bows, a wooden mallet, and a
wooden hoe._ These antiquities came from the rubbish in chamber
_F_, at the bottom of pit _D_.

92. _Parts of a four-stringed musical instrument._ See No. 63 A,
also Pl. LXXI. 92.

_Pottery._ Examples of the different kinds of pottery vessels found
in this tomb are figured in Pl. LXXIV.

The letters and figures refer to the lettering on the Plan (Pl. LV). The four specimens marked GEN. came from the corridor and passage.

In the right corner of the plate are examples of mud-sealings found in the rubbish that covered the floor.

_Pit Tombs Nos. 38 and 39._

Both these are of common pit-tomb type, and were possibly made for the retainers of the owner of tomb No. 37. They were carefully examined but found to be plundered. Only a few fragments of pottery vessels similar to those from tombs No. 24 and 25 were found in the sand filling them (Pl. XXX).

_Tomb No. 41._

A large tomb south of No. 37. This has not yet been excavated or examined, for it was only discovered a few days before ending the work of season 1911 (Pl. XXX).