Chapter I: TOOLS AND APPLIANCES.--1. The Forge; 2

Fire Tools; 3. Fuels; 4. The Anvil; 5. The Hammers; 6.
The ball peen hammer; 7. The cross peen hammer; 8. The
straight peen hammer; 9. The sledges; 10. The Tongs;
11. The flat-jawed tongs; 12. The hollow bit tongs;
13. The pick-up tongs; 14. The side tongs; 15. The
chisel tongs; 16. The link tongs; 17. The tool or box
tongs; 18. Anvil and Forging Tools; 19. The hardy; 20.
The cold and hot cutters; 21. The hot cutter; 22. The
flatter; 23. The square- and round-edged set hammers;
24. The punches; 25. The top and bottom swages; 26.
The top and bottom fullers; 27. The button head set or
snap; 28. The heading tool; 29. The swage block; 30.
The surface plate; 31. The tapered mandrels; 32. Bench
and Measuring Tools; 33. The bench or box vise; 34. The
chisels; 35. The center punch; 36. The rule; 37. The
dividers; 38. The calipers; 39. The scriber or scratch
awl; 40. The square; 41. The bevel; 42. The hack saw;
43. The files 1

CHAPTER II. FORGING OPERATIONS.--44. The Hammer Blows;
45. The upright blow; 46. The edge-to-edge blow; 47.
The overhanging blow; 48. The beveling or angle blows;
49. The leverage blows; 50. The backing-up blows;
51. The shearing blow; 52. Forging; 53. Drawing; 54.
Bending; 55. Upsetting; 56. Forming; 57. Straightening;
58. Twisting; 59. Welding; 60. The Material for
Welding; 61. Heating; 62. Scarfing; 63. The lap weld;
64. The cleft weld; 65. The butt weld; 66. The jump
weld; 67. The V weld 30

CHAPTER III. PRACTICE EXERCISES.--68. Staple; 69. Draw
Spike; 70. S Hook; 71. Pipe Hook; 72. Gate Hook; 73.
Door Hasp; 74. Hexagonal Head Bolt; 75. Square-cornered
Angle; 76. Fagot Welding; 77. Round Weld; 78. Flat
Right-angled Weld; 79. T Weld; 80. Chain Making; 81.
Welded Ring; 82. Chain Swivel; 83. Chain Swivel; 84.
Chain Grabhook 58

CHAPTER IV. TREATMENT OF TOOL STEEL.--85. Selecting and
Working Steel; 86. Uses of Different Grades of Steel;
87. Injuries; 88. Annealing; 89. Hardening and
Tempering; 90. Casehardening 83

CHAPTER V. TOOL MAKING AND STOCK CALCULATION.--91. Tongs;
92. Heavy Flat Tongs; 93. Light Chain Tongs; 94. Lathe
Tools; 95. Brass Tool; 96. Cutting-off or Parting Tool;
97. Heavy Boring Tool; 98. Light Boring or Threading
Tool; 99. Diamond Point Tool; 100. Right Side Tool;
101. Forging Tools; 102. Cold Chisel; 103. Hot Cutter;
104. Cold Cutter; 105. Square-edged Set; 106. Hardy;
107. Flatter; 108. Small Crowbar; 109. Eye or Ring
Bolts; 110. Calipers; 111. Stock Calculation for Bending 96

CHAPTER VI. STEAM HAMMER, TOOLS, AND EXERCISES.--112. A
Forging; 113. The Drop Hammer; 114. Presses; 115. The
Steam Hammer; 116. Steam Hammer Tools; 117. The hack
or cutter; 118. The circular cutter; 119. The trimming
chisel; 120. The cold cutter; 121. The checking tool or
side fuller; 122. The fuller; 123. The combined spring
fullers; 124. The combination fuller and set; 125. The
combined top and bottom swages; 126. The top and bottom
swages; 127. The bevel or taper tool; 128. The V block;
129. The yoke or saddle; 130. Bolsters or collars; 131.
Punches; 132. Steam Hammer Work; 133. Crank Shaft; 134.
Connecting Rod; 135. Rod Strap; 136. Eccentric Jaw;
137. Hand Lever; 138. Connecting Lever; 139. Solid
Forged Ring; 140. Double and Single Offsets 123

CHAPTER VII. ART SMITHING AND SCROLL WORK.--141. Art
Smithing; 142. Scroll Fastenings; 143. Scroll Former;
144. Bending or Twisting Fork; 145. Bending or Twisting
Wrench; 146. Clip Former; 147. Clip Holder; 148.
Clip Tightener or Clincher; 149. Jardinière Stand or
Taboret; 150. Umbrella Stand; 151. Reading Lamp; 152.
Andirons and Bar; 153. Fire Set; 154. Fire Set
Separated 146

CHAPTER VIII. IRON ORE, PREPARATION AND SMELTING.--155.
Iron Ore; 156. Magnetite; 157. Red hematite; 158.
Limonite or brown hematite; 159. Ferrous carbonate;
160. The Value of Ores; 161. Preparation of Ores;
162. Weathering; 163. Washing; 164. Crushing; 165.
Roasting or calcination; 166. Fuels; 167. Fluxes; 168.
The Blast; 169. The Reduction or Blast Furnace; 170.
Classification of Pig Iron; 171. Bessemer iron; 172.
Basic iron; 173. Mill iron; 174. Malleable iron; 175.
Charcoal iron; 176. Foundry iron; 177. Grading Iron 161

CHAPTER IX. THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL.--178.
Refining Pig Iron; 179. The Open-hearth or Finery
Process; 180. The Puddling Process; 181. Steel; 182.
The Crucible Process; 183. The Bessemer Process; 184.
The Open-hearth Process 177

FORMULAS AND TABLES 197

INDEX 207

DEDICATED
TO THE MEMORY OF
MR. DAVID GORRIE

FORGE WORK