Chapter VII (2)

The "Westminster Review" of eighteen hundred and forty was also in doubt "whether all this Americanism [such as Parley's 'Tales' contained] is desirable for English children, were it," writes the critic, "only for them we keep the 'pure well of English undefiled,' and cannot at all admire the improvements which it pleases that go-ahead nation to claim the right of making in our common tongue: unwisely enough as regards themselves, we think, for one of the elements in the power of a nation is the wide spread of its language."

This same criticism was made again and again about the style of American writers for adults, so that it is little wonder the children's books received no unqualified praise. But Americanisms were not the worst feature of the "inundation of American children's books," which because of their novelty threatened to swamp the "higher class" English. They were feared because of the "multitude of false notions likely to be derived from them, the more so as the similarity of name and language prevents children from being on their guard, and from remembering that the representations that they read are by foreigners." It was the American view of English institutions (presented in story-book form) which rankled in the British breast as a "condescending tenderness of the free nation towards the monarchical régime" from which at any cost the English child must be guarded. In this respect Peter Parley was the worst offender, and was regarded as "a sad purveyor of slip-slop, and no matter how amusing, ignorant of his subject." That gentleman, meanwhile, read the criticisms and went on making "bread and butter," while he scowled at the English across the water, who criticised, but pirated as fast as he published in America.

Gentle Miss Eliza Leslie received altogether different treatment in this review of American juvenile literature. She was considered "good everywhere, and particularly so for the meridian in which her tales were placed;" and we quite agree with the reviewer who considered it well worth while to quote long paragraphs from her "Tell Tale" to show its character and "truly useful lesson." "To America," continued this writer, "we also owe a host of little books, that bring together the literature of childhood and the people; as 'Home,' 'Live and Let Live' [by Miss Sedgwick], &c., but excellent in intention as they are, we have our doubts, as to the general reception they will meet in this country while so much of more exciting and elegant food is at hand." Even if the food of amusement in England appeared to the British mind more spiced and more _elegant_, neither Miss Leslie's nor Miss Sedgwick's fictitious children were ever anaemic puppets without wills of their own,--a type made familiar by Miss Edgeworth and persisted in by her admirers and successors,--but vitalized little creatures, who acted to some degree, at least, like the average child who loved their histories and named her dolls after favorite characters.

To-day these English criticisms are only of value as showing that the American story-book was no longer imitating the English tale, but was developing, by reason of the impress of differing social forces, a new type. Its faults do not prevent us from seeing that the spirit expressed in this juvenile literature is that of a new nation feeling its own way, and making known its purpose in its own manner. While we smile at sedulous endeavors of the serious-minded writers to present their convictions, educational, religious, or moral, in palatable form, and to consider children always as a race apart, whose natural actions were invariably sinful, we still read between the lines that these writers were really interested in the welfare of the American child; and that they were working according to the accepted theories of the third decade of the nineteenth century as to the constituents of a juvenile library which, while "judicious and attractive, should also blend instruction with innocent amusement."

And now as we have reached the point in the history of the American story-book when it is popular at least in both English-speaking countries, if not altogether satisfactory to either, what can be said of the value of this juvenile literature of amusement which has developed on the tiny pages of well-worn volumes? If, of all the books written for children by Americans seventy-five years and more ago, only Nathaniel Hawthorne's "Wonder Book" has survived to the present generation; of all the verse produced, only the simple rhyme, "Mary had a Little Lamb," and Clement Moore's "The Night before Christmas" are still quoted, has their history any value to-day?

If we consider that there is nothing more rare in the fiction of any nation than the popular child's story that endures; nothing more unusual than the successful well-written juvenile tale, we can perhaps find a value not to be reckoned by the survival or literary character of these old-fashioned books, but in their silent testimony to the influence of the progress of social forces at work even upon so small a thing as a child's toy-book. The successful well-written child's book has been rare, because it has been too often the object rather than the manner of writing that has been considered of importance; because it has been the aim of all writers either to "improve in goodness" the young reader, as when, two hundred years ago, Cotton Mather penned "Good Lessons" for his infant son to learn at school, or, to quote the editor of "Affection's Gift" (published a century and a quarter later), it has been for the purpose of "imparting moral precepts and elevated sentiments, of uniting instruction and amusement, through the fascinating mediums of interesting narrative and harmony of numbers."

The result of both intentions has been a collection of dingy or faded duodecimos containing a series of impressions of what each generation thought good, religiously, morally, and educationally, for little folk. If few of them shed any light upon child nature in those long-ago days, many throw shafts of illumination upon the change and progress in American ideals and thought concerning the welfare of children. As has already been said, the press supplied what the public taste demanded, and if the writers produced for earlier generations of children what may now be considered lumber, the press of more modern date has not progressed so far in this field of literature as to make it in any degree certain that our children's treasures may not be consigned to an equal oblivion. For these too are but composites made by superimposing the latest fads or theories as to instructive amusement of children upon those of previous generations of toy-books. Most of what was once considered the "perfume of youth and freshness" in a literary way has been discarded as dry and unprofitable, mistaken or deceptive; and yet, after all has been said by way of criticism of methods and subjects, these chap-books, magazines, gift and story books form our best if blurred pictures of the amusements and daily life of the old-time American child.

We are learning also to prize these small "Histories" as part of the progress of the arts of book-making and illustration, and of the growth of the business of publishing in America; and already we are aware of the fulfilment of what was called by one old bookseller, "Tom Thumb's Maxim in Trade and Politics:" "He who buys this book for Two-pence, and lays it up till it is worth Three-pence, may get an hundred per cent by the bargain."

FOOTNOTES:

[204-A] _Election Day_, p. 71. American Sunday School Union, 1828.

[216-A] Mr. G.C. Verplanck was probably the editor of this book, published by Harper & Bros.

[216-B] This statement the writer has been unable to verify.

_Index_

INDEX

ABBOTT, Jacob, 201, 208, 213, 215, 218, 222, 223.

Abbott, John S.C., 129.

A, B, C Book, 101.

A, B, C of religion, 22.

Absence from Christ intolerable, 39.

Adams, John, 165.

Adams, Mrs. John, 91.

Adams, J.A., 169.

Adams, John Quincy, 196.

Addison, Joseph, 159.

Adventures of a Peg-top, 109.

Adventures of a Pincushion, 109, 111, 112.

Adventures of Lot, 206.

Aesop, 63, 66, 67, 69, 90, 101, 109.

Affectionate Daughter-in-Law, 206.

Affection's Gift, 227.

Aikin, Dr. John, 139, 140, 163.

Ainsworth, Robert, 63.

Aitkin, Robert, 100, 101.

Alarm to Unconverted Sinners, An, 206.

Althea Vernon, 210.

American Antiquarian Society, 103.

American Flag, 148.

American Girls' Book, 209.

American Juvenile Keepsake, 197, 200.

American Sunday School Union, 201, 202, 204.

American Weekly Mercury, 20.

Ami des Enfans, 134, 135.

Amyntor, 192.

Anderson, Dr. Alexander, 166-169, 180.

André, Major John, 97.

Andrews, Joseph, 196.

Andrews, Thomas, 102.

Anecdoten von Hunden, 178.

Anecdotes of Christian Missions, 206.

Animated Nature, 108.

Annales of Madame de Genlis, 134.

Annual Register, 163.

Anthony and Clara, 210.

Arabian Nights, 162.

Argalus & Parthenia, 90.

Arnold, Benedict, 97, 98.

Arthur's Geographical Grammar, 99.

Art's Treasury, 90.

Ashe, Thomas T., 207.

Ashton, John, 54.

Atlantic Stories, 210.

Avery, S., 180.

BABCOCK, Sidney, 167, 168.

Bache, Benjamin, 100, 101, 104, 105, 127.

Bag of Nuts ready Cracked, 107.

Bailey, Francis, 123.

Banbury Chap-Books, 53, 70, 117.

Barbauld, Anna Letitia, 127-129, 132, 140-142, 152, 155, 163, 188, 218.

Barclay, Andrew, 102, 103.

Baskerville, John, 103.

Battelle, E., 102.

Battle of the Kegs, 97.

Be Merry and Wise, 67, 106.

Beecher, Rev. Dr. Lyman, 162.

Belcher, J., 170, 171.

Bell, Robert, 75, 76, 89, 100, 101.

Benezet, Anthony, 101.

Berquin, Arnaud, 134, 159, 161.

Bewick, Thomas, 117, 118, 135, 166, 168, 169.

Bewick's Quadrupeds, 168.

Bibliography of Worcester, 102.

Big and Little Puzzling Caps, 107.

Biography for Boys, 115.

Biography for Girls, 114, 115.

Birthday Stories, 210.

Blossoms of Morality, 165.

Blue Beard, The History of, 141, 165.

Body of Divinity versified, 22.

Book for Boys and Girls; or, Country Rhimes for Children, 11.

Book for Boys and Girls; or, Temporal Things Spiritualized, 13.

Book of Knowledge, 90, 103.

Book of Martyrs, 10.

Books for Children, 222.

Bookseller of the last century, The, 51, 54.

Boone, Daniel, 198.

Boone, Nicholas, 17.

Boston Chronicle, 74, 75.

Boston Evening Post, 38, 43, 73.

Boston Gazette and Country Journal, 80.

Boston News Letter, 19.

Boston Public Library, 74.

Bowen, Abel, 169, 221.

Boy and his Paper of Plumbs, 12.

Boy and the Watchmaker, 12.

Boy's Own Book, 209.

Boyle, John, 76, 77.

Bradford, Andrew, 20, 21, 126.

Bradford, Thomas, 59, 90, 100.

Brewer, printer, 167.

Brooke, Henry, 130.

Brooks, Elbridge, 215.

Brother's Gift, 80, 111, 112.

Browne, Miss, 197.

Brynberg, Peter, 165.

Buccaneers of America, 90.

Bunyan, John, 10-13.

Burr, Aaron, 132-134.

Burr, Theodosia, 132, 133.

Burton, R., 36, 37.

Burton's Historical Collections, 36.

Busy Bee, 187.

Butcher, Elizabeth, 21, 40, 186.

Butterworth, Hezekiah, 132.

CADET'S Sister, 210.

Cameron, Lucy Lyttleton, 152, 184.

Canary Bird, The, 172.

Carey, Matthew, 165, 206.

Carey, Robert, 72.

Carnan, Mr., 46, 104.

Carter, John, 101.

Catechism, 5, 6, 10, 15.

Catechism of New England, 7.

Cautionary Stories in Verse, 175.

Century Magazine, 208.

Chandler, Samuel, 163.

Chap-Books of the Eighteenth Century, 54.

Chapone, Hester, 113, 114, 159.

Chapters of Accidents, 174.

Charles, Mary, 170.

Charles, William, 170, 171, 176, 183.

Cheap Repository, 152.

Cherry Orchard, The, 156, 177.

Child, Lydia Maria, 193, 201.

Child and his Book, 11, 45.

Children in the Wood, 8.

Children's Books and Reading, 132.

Children's Friend, 135, 161.

Children's Magazine, The, 101.

Children's Miscellany, 129, 131.

Child's Garden of Verses, Stevenson's, 182.

Child's Gem, 221.

Child's Guide to Spelling and Reading, 165.

Child's Instructor, 122, 123.

Child's New Play-thing, 41, 43-45.

Choice Spirits, 90.

Christmas Box, 64, 106.

Cinderella, 62, 171.

Clarissa Harlowe, 50, 79-85, 109.

Clarke, Edward, 41.

Cock Robin, 166.

Collection of Pretty Poems, 67.

Collins, Benjamin, 47.

Complete Letter-Writer, 90.

Congress, The, 98.

Conrad and Parsons, 206, 207.

Contes de ma Mère l'Oye, 219.

Cooper, James Fenimore, 148, 191, 203, 211.

Cooper, Rev. Mr., 134.

Copley, John Stuart, 217.

Cotton, John, 6, 9, 30.

Cottons and Barnard, 206.

Country Rhimes for Children, 11, 13.

Coverly, Nathaniel, 166.

Cowper, William, 153, 175.

Cox and Berry, 80.

Cries of London, 80, 180.

Cries of New York, 180-182.

Cries of Philadelphia, 180.

Cross, Wilbur L., 80.

Crouch, Nathaniel, 36.

Cruel Giant Barbarico, 74.

Crukshank, Joseph, 100, 101, 165.

Custis, John Parke, 73.

Custis, Martha Parke, 73.

Cuz's Chorus, 111.

DAISY, The, 176.

Darton, William, 124, 174, 182, 213.

Darton and Harvey, 222.

Day, Mahlon, 169, 206, 207.

Day, Thomas, 129-132, 142, 145, 154, 179, 188.

Daye, John, 7.

Dearborn, Nathaniel, 169, 221.

Death and Burial of Cock Robin, 124.

Death of Abel, 90.

Defoe, Daniel, 129.

Delight in the Lord Jesus, 39.

Description of Various Objects, A, 173.

Development of the English novel, 80.

Dennie, Joseph, 192.

Dilworth, Thomas, 38, 41, 121, 136.

Divine emblems, 13.

Divine Songs, 38.

Doane, Bishop G.W., 196.

Doddridge, Philip, 152, 184.

Dodsley, Robert, 95.

Don Quixote, 161.

Donaldson, Arthur, 192.

Donnel Dhu, 220.

Doolittle, Amos, 169.

Dove, The, 134.

Drake, Joseph Rodman, 148.

Draper, Samuel, 69.

Draper and Edwards, 44.

Drinker, Eliza, 91, 126.

Dryden's Poems, 163.

Dunlap, John, 100.

Dunton, John, 8, 36.

Durell, publisher, 166, 167.

Duyckinck, Evert, 217.

EARLY Lessons, 155.

Earnest Exhortation, 22.

Easy Introduction into the knowledge of Nature, 128.

Easy Lessons for Children, 127, 128, 132, 155.

Economy of Human Life, 152.

Edgeworth, Maria, 128, 140, 150, 153-159, 164, 171, 175-177, 187, 188, 207, 212, 213, 226.

Edgeworth, Richard Lovell, 154-156, 220.

Edwards, Joseph, 43.

Elegant Extracts, 162.

Embury, Emma C., 200, 201.

Emulation, 187.

English Empire in America, 36.

Entertaining Fables, 109.

Errand Boy, 187.

Evenings at Home, 128, 139, 163, 164.

Everett, Alexander H., 196.

Everett, Edward, 196.

FABLES in verse, 53, 220.

Fabulous Histories, 128, 141.

Fair Rosamond, 24.

Fairchild Family, The, 152, 186, 212.

Fairy Book, 216.

Familiar Description of Beasts and Birds, 174.

Farrar, Eliza Ware, 213.

Father's Gift, The, 111.

Female Orators, 82.

Fenelon's Reflections, 184.

Field, E.M., 11, 45.

Field, Walter T., 218.

Fielding, Henry, 51, 78, 80, 81, 137.

Fields, James T., 196.

First Book of the American Chronicles of the Times, 76.

Fleet, Thomas, 19, 20, 24, 38.

Fleming, John, 74.

Flora's Gala, 175.

Follen, Eliza L., 213.

Food for the Mind, 67, 68, 107.

Fool of Quality, 130.

Ford, Paul Leicester, 14.

Fowle, Zechariah, 20, 40, 69, 103.

Fowle and Draper, 72.

Fox and Geese, 209.

Foxe, John, 10.

Franconia, 215.

Frank, 155.

Franklin, Benjamin, 21-24, 26, 36, 38, 59-62, 103, 105, 123, 179, 193, 216.

Franklin, Sally, 62, 63.

Franklin and Hall, 59.

French Convert, 90.

Friendly Instruction, 184.

GAFFER Two Shoes, 82.

Gaine, Hugh, 64, 65, 67, 68, 89, 167, 217.

Gallaudet, Elisha, 196.

Garden Amusements, 175.

Generous Inconstant, The, 82.

Genlis, Madame Stéphanie-Félicité de, 132, 134.

Geographical, Statistical and Political Amusement, 178.

George's Junior Republic, 139.

Gilbert, C., 169.

Giles Gingerbread, 74, 110, 140, 159.

Gilman, Caroline, 194, 195.

Going to Jerusalem, 209.

Goldsmith, Oliver, 51, 52, 80, 82, 95, 108, 159, 219, 220.

Good Lessons for Children, 18, 127, 227.

Good Natur'd Man, 219.

Goodrich, Samuel G., 129, 194-196, 198, 199, 201, 208, 213-215, 218, 222-225.

Goody Two-Shoes, 52, 53, 55, 89, 101, 110, 116-118, 123, 140-142, 159.

Greeley, Horace, 196.

Green, Samuel, 10, 13, 14.

Green, Timothy, 17.

Gulliver's Adventures, 125.

Guy of Warwick, 8.

HAIL Columbia, 148, 211.

Hale, Richard W., 208.

Hale, Sarah J., 193, 208, 209.

Hall, Anna Maria, 197, 199.

Hall, David, 59, 62, 100.

Hall, Samuel, 124, 125.

Hall, William, 100.

Halleck, Fitz-Greene, 148.

Hannah Swanton, the Casco Captive, 206.

Happy Child, 40.

Harper and Brothers, 206, 216.

Harris, Benjamin, 14.

Harris, John, 182, 183.

Harry and Lucy, 155, 156, 164, 220.

Harvey, John, 182.

Hawkins, Laetitia Matilda, 219.

Hawthorne, Julian, 78, 129, 130.

Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 149, 196, 227.

Hebrides, 153.

Henrietta Harrison, 211.

Hildeburn, Charles R., 65, 93.

Hill, George Birbeck, 141.

Hill, Hannah, 21, 186.

Histoires ou Contes du Tems Passé, 219.

Historical Society of Pennsylvania, 69.

History of a Doll, 136.

History of printing in America, 18, 19.

History of the American Revolution, 123.

History of the Holy Jesus, 39, 40, 103.

History of the Institution of Cyrus, 130.

History of the Robins, 129.

Hive, The, 195.

Hobby Horse, The, 42, 80.

Hofland, Barbara, 197, 198.

Holmes, Dr. Oliver Wendell, 162-164, 184, 196, 201.

Holy Bible in Verse, 15.

Home, 226.

Home of Washington, 28.

Hopkinson, Joseph, 148.

Hot Buttered Beans, 209.

House that Jack Built, 19.

Howard, Mr., 29.

Hudibras, 161.

Hunt the Thimble, 209.

Hymns for Infant Minds, 184.

Hymns in Prose and Verse, 128.

"IANTHE." _See_ Embury.

Illman, Thomas, 196.

Infidel Class, 206.

Irving, Washington, 148, 191.

JACK and Jill, 219.

Jack the Giant Killer, 8, 141.

Jacky Dandy's Delight, 107, 108.

James, William, 175, 176.

Jane Grey, 24.

Janeway, James, 17, 186.

Jenny Twitchell's Jests, 90.

Joe Miller's Jests, 90.

Johnson, Benjamin, 164, 178, 183, 192.

Johnson, Jacob, 152, 155, 156, 159, 164, 173, 178, 183.

Johnson, Dr. Samuel, 36, 50-52, 129, 140, 141, 153, 219.

Johnson and Warner, 164, 178, 183.

Johnsonian Miscellany, 141.

Jones, Giles, 52, 53.

Joseph Andrews, 78, 81, 90.

Josephus, 167.

Julianna Oakley, 206.

Juvenile Biographers, 115, 116.

Juvenile Magazine, 179, 192.

Juvenile Miscellany, 193-195, 208, 212.

Juvenile Olio, 192.

Juvenile Piety, 206.

Juvenile Portfolio, 192.

Juvenile Rambler, 195.

Juvenile Trials for Robbing Orchards, etc., 139, 140.

KEEPER'S Travels in Search of his Master, 172.

Kellogg, Joseph G., 196.

Kendall, Dr., 172.

Key, Francis Scott, 148.

Kilner, Dorothy, 109.

King Pippin, 55, 110, 159, 163.

Kleine Erzählungen über ein Buch mit Kupfern, 178.

Knox, Thomas W., 132.

LADY Queen Anne, 209.

Lamb, Charles, 141, 142, 217.

Lansing, G., 169.

Lark, The, 90.

Launch of the Frigate, 210.

Lee, Richard Henry, 28, 29.

Legacy to Children, 126.

Lenox Collection, 180.

Leo, the Great Giant, 74.

Leslie, Eliza, 193, 196, 201, 208-211, 225, 226.

Letters from the Dead to the Living, 162.

Letters to Little Children, 206.

Liddon, Mr., 100.

Life of David, 163.

Lilly, Wait and Company, 194, 206.

Lincoln and Edmunds, 184, 206.

Linnet, The, 90.

Linton, William James, 166, 168, 169.

Literary Magazine, 52.

Literature of the American Revolution, 98.

Little Book for Children, 17.

Little Boy found under a Haycock, 123.

Little Deceiver Reclaimed, 206.

Little Dog Trusty, 156.

Little Fanny, 176.

Little Helen, 212.

Little Henry, 170.

Little Henry and his Bearer, 184, 185.

Little Jack, 131.

Little Lottery Book, 106.

Little Lucy, 212.

Little Millenium Boy, 186.

Little Nancy, 171, 176-178.

Little Pretty Pocket-Book, A, 47-50, 67.

Little Readers' Assistant, 121, 122.

Little Robin Red Breast, 114.

Little Scholar's Pretty Pocket Companion, 122.

Little Sophie, 176.

Little Truths, 124, 125, 182.

Little William, 171.

Live and Let Live, 226.

Lives of Highwaymen, 90.

Lives of Pirates, 90.

Locke, John, 41-43, 46, 51, 66, 99.

London Chronicle, 53.

Longfellow, Henry W., 196.

Longworth, David, 165, 168.

Looking-glass, A, 22.

Looking Glass for the Mind, 134, 135, 159, 162, 166.

Lossing, Benson J., 28, 29, 167.

Loudon, Samuel, 217.

Love Token for Children, 212.

MACAULAY, T.B., 153.

Magnalia, 162.

Mary had a Little Lamb, 208, 209, 227.

Mason, A.J., 169.

Massachusetts Sunday School Union, 194.

Master Jacky and Miss Harriot, 135.

Mather, Cotton, 6, 7, 9, 16-18, 21, 22, 56, 127, 185, 186, 227.

Mather, Elizabeth, 16.

Mather, Increase, 16-18.

Mather, Samuel, 16.

Mein, John, 73-75, 77, 89.

Metamorphosis, A, 169.

Milk for Babes, 6, 7, 30.

Milton, John, 159, 175.

Mr. Telltruth's Natural History of Birds, 107.

Mitford, Mary Russell, 197.

Moejen's Recueil, 218.

Moll Flanders, 90.

Moore, Clement Clarke, 147-149, 227.

Moral Tale, 187.

Moral Tales, 159.

More, Hannah, 134, 150-153, 159, 188, 212-214.

Morgan, engraver, 169.

Morgan and Sons, 170, 207.

Morgan and Yeager, 170.

Morton, Eliza, 95.

Moses, Montrose J., 132.

Mother Goose Melodies, 19, 20, 53, 114, 218-220.

Mother's Gift, 82, 111, 113, 118.

Mother's Remarks over a Set of Cuts, A, 178.

Munroe and Francis, 20, 168, 206, 220.

Murray, James, 91.

Museum, The, 60, 61.

My Father, 176.

My Governess, 176, 182.

My Mother, 176.

My Pony, 176.

My Sister, 182.

NATURAL History of Four Footed Beasts, 107.

Neagle, John, 169.

New England Courant, 21, 22.

New England Primer, 6, 7, 13-15, 28, 33, 93, 121.

New French Primer, 60.

New Gift for Children with Cuts, 40, 69-72, 103.

New Guide to the English Tongue, 38.

New Picture of the City, 100.

New Year's Gift, 64.

New York Mercury, 67.

New York Weekly, 207.

Newbery, Carnan, 54.

Newbery, Edward, 54.

Newbery, Francis, 46, 51, 54, 82.

Newbery, John, 28, 37, 40, 46-56, 60-62, 64, 67, 70, 74, 77, 82, 89, 90, 97, 101, 104, 108, 118, 123, 124, 141, 142, 154, 159, 182, 187, 198, 216, 217, 219, 220, 222.

Newbery, Ralph, 46.

Nichols, Dr. Charles L., 102, 103.

Night before Christmas, The, 147, 148, 227.

Noel, Garrat, 68, 148.

North American Review, 212.

Nutter, Valentine, 89.

OLD Mother Hubbard, 166.

Olive Buds, 213.

Orangeman, The, 156.

Original Poems, 182.

Osgood, Frances S., 213.

Oswald, Ebenezer, 100.

PAMELA, 50, 78, 80, 81, 109.

Parable against Persecution, 123.

Paradise Lost, 153.

Parent's Assistant, 155.

Parents' Gift, 38.

Parker, James, 62.

Parley, Peter. _See_ Goodrich, S.G.

Pastoral Hymn, 74.

Patriotic and Amatory Songster, 180.

Peacock at Home, 171.

Pearl, The, 209.

Pearson, Edwin, 53, 117.

Pease, Joseph I., 196.

Pedigree and Rise of the Pretty Doll, 136-139.

Pelton, Oliver, 196.

Pennsylvania Evening Post, 93.

Pennsylvania Gazette, 59, 62.

Pennsylvania Journal, 59.

People of all Nations, 173, 174.

Peregrine Pickle, 51, 109.

Perrault, Charles, 62, 218.

Perry, Michael, 26.

Philadelphiad, The, 100.

Picture Exhibition, The, 106, 109.

Pilgrim's Progress, 10, 36, 95, 126, 163, 167.

Pilkington, Mary, 114.

Pinckney, Eliza, 91.

Play-thing, The, 61.

Pleasures of Piety in Youth, 184.

Plutarch's Lives, 130.

Poems for Children, 208.

Poems for Children Three Feet High, 64.

Poesie out of Mr. Dod's Garden, 38.

Poetical Description of Song Birds, 114.

Poetry for Children, 213, 221.

Popular Tales, 155.

Poupard, James, 169.

Power of Religion, 152.

Practical Education, 128.

Practical Piety, 184.

Present for a Little Girl, 169.

Preservative from the Sins and Follies of Childhood, 40.

Pretty Book for Children, 60, 61, 67.

Principles of the Christian Religion, 184.

Pritchard, Mr., 100.

Private Tutor for little Masters and Misses, 67.

Prize for Youthful Obedience, 172, 173.

Prodigal Daughter, The, 24-26, 40, 188.

Protestant Tutor for Children, 13, 14.

Puritan Primer, 13.

Puzzling Cap, 80, 82.

QUARTERLY Review, 222.

Quincy, Mrs. Josiah, 158, 159.

RAIKES, Robert, 151.

Ralph, W., 169.

Rand, Rev. Asa, 194.

Rebels, The, 98.

Recollections of a New England Housekeeper, 195.

Redwood, 211.

Rees's Encyclopedia, 163.

Reformed Family, 206.

Remembrance of Youth is a Sigh, 200.

Rhymes for the Nursery, 20, 182.

Rice, Mr., 100.

Richardson, Samuel, 50, 78-81, 137.

Rivington, James, 65, 67, 68.

Roberts, Jean, 197.

Robin Red Breast, 90.

Robin's Alive, 209.

Robinson Crusoe, 79, 90, 118, 129, 130, 159.

Roderick Random, 51, 109.

Roger and Berry, 89.

Rollin's Ancient History, 161.

Rollinson, William, 169.

Rollo Books, 213, 215, 223.

Rose, The, 187.

Rose Bud, 195.

Rose's Breakfast, The, 175.

Rowe, Elizabeth, 162.

Royal Battledore, 60, 61.

Royal Primer, 61.

Russell's Seven Sermons, 90.

SABBATH School Times, 194.

Sanford and Merton, 129, 154.

Scotch Rogue, 90.

Scott, Sir Walter, 158, 220.

Scott's (Rev. Thomas) Family Bible, 163.

Search after Happiness, 134, 152.

Sedgwick, Catharine Maria, 152, 160, 161, 193, 196, 208, 211, 212, 224, 226.

Seven Wise Masters, 90.

Seven Wise Mistresses, 90.

Sewall, Henry, 9.

Sewall, Samuel, 9, 10.

Shakespeare, William, 159, 161.

Sharps, William, 29.

Sheldon, Lucy, 82.

Shepherd of Salisbury Plain, 152, 214.

Sherwood, Mary Martha, 152, 184, 186, 187, 212, 221.

Sigourney, Lydia H., 193, 208, 213, 224.

Simple Susan, 158.

Sims, Joseph, 27.

Sir Charles Grandison, 79-82.

Sister's Gift, 80, 111-113.

Skyrin, Nancy, 126, 127.

Smart, Christopher, 54.

Smith, Elizabeth Oakes, 213, 224.

Smollett, Tobias, 51, 52, 78, 79.

Song for the Red Coats, 97.

Songs for the Nursery, 19, 20.

Southern Rose, 195.

Souvenir, 210.

Sparrow, The, 172.

Star Spangled Banner, 148.

Stevenson, Robert Louis, 182.

Stir the Mush, 209.

Stone, William L., 200.

Stories and Tales, 90.

Stories for Children, 212.

Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 162.

Strahan, William, 61-63.

TALE, A: The Political Balance, 123.

Tales and Essays, 213.

Taylor, Ann, 176, 182.

Taylor, Jane, 182, 184.

Tell Tale, 225.

Thackerary, W.M., 34.

Thomas, Isaiah, 18-20, 40, 69, 74, 102-104, 106, 109, 116-118, 129, 168, 198, 222.

Thompson, John, 168.

Thoughts on Education, 41, 66, 99.

Three Stories for Children, 156.

Todd, John, D.D., 222.

Token, The, 196, 197, 212, 214.

Token for Children, 17, 186.

Token for the Children of New England, 17, 21, 186.

Token for Youth, 40.

Tom Hick-a-Thrift, 24.

Tom Jones, 51, 78, 80, 109, 110.

Tom the Piper's Son, 170.

Tom Thumb, 8, 19, 24, 62, 74, 77, 102, 106, 114, 166, 167.

Tommy Trapwit, 64.

Tommy Trip, 52, 74, 107, 108.

Track the Rabbit, 209.

Trimmer, Sarah, 128, 129, 141, 142, 159.

Trip's Book of Pictures, 64.

Triumphs of Love, 90.

Troy (N.Y.) Sentinel, 147.

Twelve Caesars, 90.

Twice Told Tales, 196.

Two Lambs, 152.

Two Shoemakers, 152.

Tyler, Moses Coit, 98.

UNTERHALTUNGEN für Deutsche Kinder, 178.

Urax, or the Fair Wanderer, 74.

VALENTINE and Orson, 90.

Verplanck, Gulian C., 196, 216.

Vicar of Wakefield, 52, 219.

Violet, The, 209.

WADDELL, J., 62.

Walks of Usefulness, 184.

Walters and Norman, 93.

Walton's Lives, 153.

Warner and Hanna, 169.

Washington, George, 28, 29, 72, 73, 93, 122, 123, 170, 179.

Waste Not, Want Not, 156-158.

Watts, Isaac, 38, 45, 46.

Way to Wealth, 179.

Webster, Noah, 121, 122, 136.

Weekly Mercury, 23, 26, 27, 64, 65, 68.

Weekly Post-Boy, 62.

Weems's Life of George Washington, 179, 180.

Well Spent Hour, 212.

Wells, Anna M., 193, 213.

Wells, Robert, 102.

Welsh, Charles, 46, 49, 51, 54, 61, 70, 124, 142.

West, Benjamin, 216.

Westminster Review, 224.

Westminster Shorter Catechism, 7.

White, William, D.D., 151.

Whitefield, George, 151.

Widdows, P., 126.

Wilder, Mary, 113.

Willis, Nathaniel P., 194.

Winslow, Anna Green, 81-83, 85.

Winter Evenings' Entertainment, 37, 90.

Wonder Book, 149, 227.

Wonderful Traveller, 209.

Wonders of Nature and Art, 53.

Wood, Samuel, 165, 166, 169, 175.

Wood, Samuel, and Sons, 167, 206.

Wood-engraving in America, 166-169.

Woodhouse, William, 100.

Worcester Magazine, 104.

XENOPHON, 130.

YOUNG, William, 129.

Young Child's A B C, 166.

Young Christian Series, 215.

Young Gentlemen and Ladies' Magazine, 183.

Youth's Companion, 194.

Youth's Divine Pastime, 37.

Youth's Keepsake, 212.

ZENTLER, publisher, 178.

* * * * * *

Transcriber's note:

The following errors and inconsistencies have been maintained.

Misspelled words and typographical errors:

p. ix Edmands for Edmunds
p. 46 Newbury for Newbery
p. 102 Period missing at end of the sentence "to a boy But"
p. 158 Paragraph ends with , "her own generation,"
p. 208 Sentence ends with a comma: "the originator of these
verses,"
p. 243 Thackerary for Thackeray

Inconsistent hyphenation:

folk-lore / folklore
school-fellows / schoolfellows
school-masters / schoolmasters
small-pox / smallpox
wood-cut / woodcut