Chapter VII

[1] _Mysterium und Mimus_, p. 50. This work contains a most valuable and interesting study of the Maruts, and the kindred groups of Sword Dancers.

[2] _Op. cit_. pp. 47 _et seq_.

[3] _Rig-Veda_, Vol. III. p. 337.

[4] _Mysterium und Mimus_, p. 48.

[5] _Op. cit., Indra, die Maruts, und Agastya_, pp. 91 _et seq_.

[6] _Rig-Veda_, Vol. III. pp. 331, 334, 335, 337.

[7] _Mysterium un Mimus_, p. 121.

[8] _Vollendung des Arische Mysterium_, p. 13. The introductory section of this book, containing a study of early Aryan belief, and numerous references to modern survivals, is both interesting and valuable. The latter part, a panegyric on the Wagnerian drama, is of little importance.

[9] _Mysterium und Mimus_, p. 131.

[10] Cf. Röscher’s _Lexikon_, under heading _Kureten_.

[11] _Op. cit_.

[12] Cf. Preller, _Graechishe Mythologie_, p. 134.

[13] Quoted by Preller, p. 654.

[14] _Themis_, A Study in Greek Social Origins (Cambridge, 1912), pp. 6 _et seq_.

[15] _Mysterium un Mimus_, p. 23.

[16] _Themis_, p. 24.

[17] Cf. _Mysterium und Mimus_, section _Indra, die Maruts, und Agastya_ specially pp. 151 _et seq_.

[18] Cf. von Schroeder, _op. cit_. pp. 141 _et seq_. for a very full account of the ceremonies; also, _Themis_, p. 194; Mannhardt, _Wald und Feld-Kulte_, and Röscher’s _Lexikon_, under heading _Mars_, for various reasons.

[19] _Folk-Lore_, Vols. VII., X., and XVI. contain interesting and fully illustrated accounts of some of these dances and plays.

[20] _The Mediaeval Stage_, Vol. III. p. 202. It would be interesting to know the precise form of this ring; was it the Pentangle?

[21] Cf. also _Mysterium und Mimus_, pp. 110, 111, for a general description of the dance, _minus_ the text of the speeches.

[22] Pp. 186-194.

[23] Cf. _Folk-Lore_, Vol. XVI. pp. 212 _et seq_.

[24] I would draw attention to the curious name of the adversary, Golisham; it is noteworthy that in one Arthurian romance Gawain has for adversary Golagros, in another Percival fights against Golerotheram. Are these all reminiscences of the giant Goliath, who became the synonym for a dangerous, preferably heathen, adversary, even as Mahomet became the synonym for an idol?

[25] Cf. Mannhardt, _Wald und Feld-Kulte_, Vol. II. pp. 191 _et seq_. for a very full account of the Julbock (Yule Buck).

[26] Cf. _Folk-Lore_, Vol. VIII. ‘Some Oxfordshire Seasonal Festivals,’ where full illustrations of the Bampton Morris Dancers and their equipment will be found.

[27] Cf. _The Padstow Hobby-Horse_, F.-L. Vol. XVI. p. 56; _The Staffordshire Horn-Dance_, Ib. Vol. VII. p. 382, and VIII. p. 70.

[28] Cf. _supra_, pp. 53, 80, 85.

[29] Cf. _Legend of Sir Perceval_, Vol. II. p. 264.

[30] See _English Folk-Song and Dance_ by Frank Kidson and Mary Neal, Cambridge, 1915, plate facing p. 104. A curious point in connection with the illustration is that the Chalice is surmounted by a Heart, and in the Tarot suits _Cups_ are the equivalent of our _Hearts_. The combination has now become identified with the cult of the Sacred Heart, but is undoubtedly much older.