Chapter III: Issue of 1874

The introduction of watermarked paper for these stamps occurred in 1874, the paper being that familiar to collectors of British Colonial stamps as watermarked "Crown C.C." The paper was not readily adaptable for the small sheets of the Gambia stamps, and the method of cutting it to suitable sizes for these sheets has produced some varieties for the specialist.

Major Evans, writing in the _Philatelic Record_ for January, 1883, says:--

"Most collectors are probably aware that the stamps of the
British Colonies printed in England are, as a rule, in sheets
of 240, divided into four panes of 60, each pane consisting
of ten horizontal rows of six stamps. The Crown and C.C.
watermarks are arranged in the same manner upon the sheet of
paper; each pane is enclosed in a single-lined frame. Down
the centre of the sheet is a blank space of about half an inch
wide; across the centre is a wider space, watermarked with the
words CROWN COLONIES, which are also repeated twice along each
side of the sheet.

"Some of my readers may have noticed that the watermark is not
always very clearly shown in the Gambia stamps. This is due
partly to the fact of their being embossed, and partly
to [page 21] their being arranged in small blocks of
fifteen--three horizontal rows of five--so that a row of five
stamps is printed on a row of six watermarks, and in most
cases a complete watermark is not found on any one of the
stamps in a block. Very frequently the upper and lower blocks
on a sheet encroach on the margins, and consequently some
of the stamps show portions of the words CROWN COLONIES in
watermark; and I have seen a block which had been printed in
the centre of one side of a sheet, and the middle row of which
was watermarked COLONIES, while the upper and lower rows bore
the Crown and C.C. Recent printings of some of the values of
Gambia show the blocks printed sideways on the sheet, in which
case each stamp will not show a complete watermark; and of
these again I have seen a block with the vertical division of
the sheet running across the central row."

In addition the stamps have been found with the watermark reversed, indicating that occasionally a sheet has been fed into the press the wrong side up. Inverted watermarks of this Crown and C.C. type are also to be found.

Of this issue, which comprises the same two values--4d. brown and 6d. blue, imperforate--we get the following variations in the watermark--

Crown C.C. upright (Fig. A).
" inverted (Fig. C).
" reversed (Fig. B).
Portions of the words CROWN COLONIES.
Bars (i.e., division lines of the panes).

The gum shews the same variation--white and yellow--as in the original issue. The 4d. stamp varies in colour from deep brown to pale brown; the 6d. deep blue to blue, the solid colour in this case presenting a very mottled appearance.

Again, both values are known with the embossing doubly impressed.

[page 22]

Very few copies of the 4d. of this issue examined shew the spot on the hair, but in the sheet of the 6d. (plate I.) there are faint spots on stamps Nos. 1, 4, 5, 9, 12 and 13.

No. 11 on the same sheet shews the curl and sub-curl joined.

The date of issue of these watermarked stamps is uncertain, but the 6d. was chronicled in _Le Timbre Poste_ for December, 1874. The 4d. was not recorded in any of the contemporary magazines, and was probably not issued until some time after the higher denomination.

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