Chapter IV: Part 4

But soon the rain ceased, the clouds passed away, and the sun shone again, giving us a rainbow promise on the passing drops. Everything woke up! The birds were first to rejoice, and a veritable oratorio of praise and joyfulness sounded about our ears. The leaves quickly expanded, fresher than ever; the flowers uncurled and unfolded, the May-apple umbrellas raised again; and all seemed singing a song as joyous as that of the birds, though audible only to the nerves of eye and brain of the human beings who had thus witnessed another of nature's interior entertainments.

How much we miss by reason of fear of a little wetting! Many of the finest pictures painted by the Master of all art are visible only in rain and in mist; and the subtlest coloring of tree leaf and tree stem is that seen only when the dust is all washed away by the shower that should have no terrors for those who care for the truths of nature. In these days of rain-proof clothing, seeing outdoors in the rain is not even attended by the slightest discomfort, and I have found my camera quite able to stand a shower!

Another of the early spring-flowering small trees--indeed, the earliest one that blooms in white--is the shad-bush, or service-berry. Again the "common" names are trifling and inadequate; shad-bush because the flowers come when the shad are ascending the rivers along which the trees grow, and service-berry because the pleasant fruits are of service, perhaps! June-berry, another name, is better; but the genus owns the mellifluous name of Amelanchier, and the term Canadensis belongs to the species with the clouds of little white flowers shaped like a thin-petaled star. The shad-bush blooms with the trilliums--but I may not allow the spring flowers to set me spinning on another hank!

Searching for early recollections of trees, I remember, when a boy of six or seven, finding some little green berries or fruits, each with its long stem, on the pavement under some great trees in the Capitol Park of my home town. I could eat these; and thus they pleased the boy as much as the honey-sweet flowers that gave rise to them now please the man. The noble American linden, one of the really great trees of our forests, bears these delicate whitish flowers, held in rich clusters from a single stem which is attached for part of its length to a curious long green bract. If these flowers came naked on the tree, as do those of the Norway maple, for instance, they would be easily seen and admired of men, but being withheld until the splendid heart-shaped foliage is well out, the blooms miss the casual eye. But the bees see them; they know the linden for their own, and great stores of sweetest honey follow a year when abundant pasture of these flowers is available.

A kindly tree is this linden, or lime, or basswood, to give it all its common names. Kindly as well as stately, but never rugged as the oak, or of obvious pliant strength as the hickory. The old tree invites to shade under its limbs crowded with broad leaves; the young tree is lusty of growth and clean of bark, a model of rounded beauty and a fine variant from the overworked maples of our streets.

Again, the tale of woe! for the great lindens of our forests are nearly all gone. Too useful for timber; too easy to fell; its soft, smooth, even wood too adaptable to many uses! Cut them all; strip the bark for "bast," or tying material; America is widening; the sawmills cannot be idle; scientific and decent forestry, so successful and so usual in Europe, is yet but a dream for future generations here in America!

But other lindens, those of Europe especially, are loved of the landscape architect and the Germans. "Unter den Linden," Berlin's famous street, owes its name, fame and shade to the handsome European species, the white-lined leaves of which turn up in the faintest breeze, to show silvery against the deep green of their upper surfaces. Very many of these fine lindens are being planted now in America by landscape architects, and there are some lindens on Long Island just as prim and trim as any in Berlin. Indeed, there is a sort of German "offiziere" waxed-mustache air of superiority about them, anyway!

There is an all-pervading Middle States tree that I might give a common name to as the "fence-post tree," because it is so often grown for that use only, by reason of its enduring timber and its exceeding vigor under hard usage. Yet the common black locust is one of the most distinct and pleasing American trees of moderate height. Distinct it is in its framework in winter, mayhap with the twisted pods of last season's fruits hanging free; distinct again in its long-delayed late-coming acacia-like foliage; but fragrant, elegant and beautiful, as well as distinct, when in June it sets forth its long, drooping racemes of whitest and sweetest flowers. These come only when warm weather is an assured fact, and the wise Pennsylvania Germans feel justified in awaiting the blooming of the locust before finally discarding their winter underclothing!

For years a family of my knowledge has held it necessary, for its proper conduct, to have in order certain floral drives. First the apple blossom drive introduces the spring, and the lilac drive confirms the impression that really the season is advancing; but the locust drive is the sweetest of all, taking these nature lovers along some shady lanes, beside the east bank of a great river, and in places where, the trees planted only for the fence utility of the hard yellow wood, these fragrant flowers, hanging in grace and elegance far above the highway, have redeemed surroundings otherwise sordid and mean.

I want Americans to prize the American locust for its real beauty. The French know it, and show with pride their trifling imported specimens. We cannot exterminate the trees, and there will be plenty for posts, too; but let us realize its sweetness and elegance, as well as the durability of its structure.

There are fashions in trees, if you please, and the nurserymen set them. Suddenly they discover the merits of some long-forgotten tree, and it jumps into prominence. Thus, only a few years ago, the pin-oak came into vogue, to the lasting benefit of some parks, avenues and home grounds. Then followed the sycamore, but it had to be the European variety, for our own native "plane tree," or "button-ball," is too plentiful and easy to sing much of a tree-seller's song about. This Oriental plane is a fine tree, however, and the avenue in Fairmount Park that one may see from trains passing over the Schuylkill river is admirable. The bark is mottled in green, and especially bright when wet with rain. As the species is free from the attacks of a nasty European "bug," or fungus, which is bothering the American plane, it is much safer to handle, commercially.

But our stately American sycamore is in a different class. One never thinks of it as a lawn tree, or as bordering a fashionable roadway; rather the expectation is to find it along a brook, in a meadow, or in some rather wild and unkempt spot. As one of the scientific books begins of it, "it is a tree of the first magnitude." I like that expression; for the sycamore gives an impression of magnitude and breadth; it spreads out serenely and comfortably.

My friend Professor Bailey says _Platanus occidentalis_, which is the truly right name of this tree, has no title to the term sycamore; it is properly, as his Cyclopedia gives it, Buttonwood, or Plane. Hunting about a little among tree books, I find the reason for this, and that it explains another name I have never understood. The sycamore of the Bible, referred to frequently in the Old Testament, traditionally mentioned as the tree under which Joseph rested with Mary and the young child on the way to Egypt, and into which Zaccheus climbed to see what was going on, was a sort of fig tree--"Pharaoh's Fig," in fact. When the mystery-plays of the centuries gone by were produced in Europe, the tree most like to what these good people thought was the real sycamore furnished the branches used in the scene-setting--and it was either the oriental plane, or the sycamore-leaved maple that was chosen, as convenient. The name soon attached itself to the trees; and when homesick immigrants looked about the new world of America for some familiar tree, it was easy enough to see a great similarity in our buttonwood, which thus soon became sycamore.

So much for information, more or less legendary, I confess; but the great tree we are discussing is very tangible. Indeed, it is always in the public eye; for it carries on a sort of continuous disrobing performance! The snake sheds his skin rather privately, and comes forth in his new spring suit all at once; the oak and the maple, and all the rest of them continually but invisibly add new bark between the splitting or stretching ridges of the old; but our wholesome friend the sycamore is quite shamelessly open about it, dropping off a plate or a patch here and there as he grows and swells, to show us his underwear, which thus at once becomes overcoat, as he goes on. At first greenish, the under bark thus exposed becomes creamy white, mostly; and I have had a conceit that the colder the winter, the whiter would be those portions of Mr. Buttonball's pajamas he cared to expose to us the next spring!

The leaves of the sycamore are good to look at, and efficient against the sun. The color above is not as clear and sharp as that of the maple; underneath the leaves are whitish, and soft, or "pubescent," as the botanical term goes. Quite rakishly pointed are the tips, and the whole effect, in connection with the balls,--which are first crowded clusters of flowers, and then just as crowded clusters of seeds--is that of a gentleman of the old school, dignified in his knee-breeches and cocked hat, fully aware that he is of comfortable importance!

Those little button-balls that give name to this good American tree follow the flower clusters without much change of form--they _were_ flowers, they _are_ seeds--and they stay by the tree persistently all winter, blowing about in the sharp winds. After a while one is banged often enough to open its structure, and then the carrying wind takes on its wings the neat little cone-shaped seeds, each possessed of its own silky hairs to help float it gently toward the ground--and thus is another of nature's curious rounds of distribution completed.

A tree is never without interest to those whose eyes have been opened to some of the wonders and perfections of nature. Nevertheless, there is a time in the year's round when each tree makes its special appeal. It may be in the winter, when every twig is outlined sharply against the cold sky, and the snow reflects light into the innermost crevices of its structure, that the elm is most admirable. When the dogwood has on its white robe in May and June, it then sings its song of the year. The laden apple tree has a pure glory of the blossoms, and another warmer, riper glory of the burden of fruit, but we think most kindly of its flowering time. Some trees maintain such a continuous show of interest and beauty that it is difficult to say on any day, "_Now_ is this tulip or this oak at its very finest!" Again, the spring redness of the swamp maple is hardly less vivid than its mature coloring of the fall.

But as to the liquidambar, or sweet-gum, there can be no question. Interesting and elegant the year round, its autumn covering of polished deep crimson starry leaves is so startlingly beautiful and distinct as to almost take it out of comparison with any other tree. Others have nearly the richness of color, others again show nearly the elegance of leaf form, but no one tree rivals completely the sweet-gum at the time when the autumn chill has driven out all the paleness in its leaf spectrum, leaving only the warm crimson that seems for awhile to defy further attacks of frost.

As to shape, the locality settles that; for, a very symmetrical small to maximum-sized tree in the North and on high dry places, in the South and in wet places north it becomes another "tree of the first magnitude," wide-spreading and heavy. A stellar comparison seems to fit, because of these wonderful leaves. They struck me at first, hunting photographs one day, as some sort of a maple; but what maple could have such perfection of star form? A maple refined, perfected, and indeed polished, one might well think, for while other trees have shining leaves, they are dull in comparison with the deep-textured gloss of these of the sweet-gum.

Here, too, is a tree for many places; an adaptable, cosmopolitan sort of arboreal growth. At its full strength of hard, solid, time-defying wooded body on the edge of some almost inaccessible swamp of the South, where its spread-out roots and ridgy branches earn for it another common name as the "alligator tree," it is in a park or along a private driveway at the North quite the acme of refined tree elegance, all the summer and fall. It takes on a rather narrow, pyramidal head, broadening as it ages, but never betraying kin with its fellow of the swamp, save perhaps when winter has bared its peculiar winged and strangely "corky" branches.

These odd branches bear, on some trees particularly, a noticeable ridge, made up of the same substance which in the cork-oak of Europe furnishes the bottle-stoppers of commerce. It makes the winter structure of the sweet-gum most distinct and picturesque, which appearance is accentuated by the interesting little seed-balls, or fruits, rounded and spiny, that hang long from the twigs. These fruits follow quickly an inconspicuous flower that in April or May has made its brief appearance, and they add greatly to the general attractiveness of the tree on the lawn, to my mind. Years ago I first made acquaintance with the liquidambar, as it ought always to be called, one wet September day, when an old tree-lover took me out on his lawn to see the rain accentuate the polish on the starry leaves and drip from the little many-pointed balls. I found that day that a camera would work quite well under an umbrella, and I obtained also a mind-negative that will last, I believe, as long as I can think of trees.

The next experience was in another state, where a quaint character, visited on business, struck hands with me on tree-love, and took me to see his pet liquidambar at the edge of a mill-pond. That one was taller, and quite stately; it made an impression, deepened again when the third special showing came, this time on a college campus, the young tree being naked and corky, and displayed with pride by the college professor who had gotten out of his books into real life for a joyous half day.

He wasn't the botany professor, if you please; that dry-as-dust gentleman told me, when I inquired as to what I might find in early bloom, or see with the eyes of an ignorant plant-lover, that there was "nothing blooming, and nothing of interest." He added that he had a fine herbarium where I might see all the plants I wanted, nicely dried and spread out with pins and pasters, their roots and all!

Look at _dead_ plants, their roots indecently exposed to mere curiosity, on a bright, living early April day? Not much! I told my trouble to the professor of agriculture, whose eyes brightened, as he informed me he had no classes for that morning, and--"We would see!" We _did_ see a whole host of living things outdoors,--flowers peeping out; leaves of the willows, just breaking; buds ready to burst; all nature waiting for the sun's call of the "grand entrée." It was a good day; but I pitied that poor old dull-eyed herbarium specimen of a botanical professor, in whose veins the blood was congealing, when everything about called on him to get out under the rays of God's sun, and study, book in hand if he wanted, the bursting, hurrying facts of the imminent spring.

But a word more about the liquidambar--the name by which I hope the tree we are discussing may be talked of and thought of. Old Linnæus gave it that name, because it described euphoniously as well as scientifically the fact that the sap which exudes from this fine American tree _is_ liquid amber. Now isn't that better than "gum" tree?

With trees in general as objects of interest, I have always felt a special leaning toward tropical trees, probably because they were rare, and indeed not to be seen outside of the conservatory in our Middle States. My first visit to Florida was made particularly enjoyable by reason of the palms and bananas there to be seen, and I have by no means lost the feeling of admiration for the latter especially. In Yucatan there were to be seen other and stranger growths and fruits, and the novelty of a great cocoanut grove is yet a memory not eclipsed by the present-day Floridian and Bahamian productions of the same sort.

It was, therefore, with some astonishment that I came to know, a few years ago, more of a little tree bearing a fruit that had been familiar from my boyhood, but which I was then informed was the sole northern representative of a great family of tropical fruits, and which was fairly called the American banana. The papaw it was; a fruit all too luscious and sweet, when fully ripe in the fall, for most tastes, but appealing strongly to the omnivorous small boy. I suppose most of my readers know its banana-like fruits, four or five inches long, green outside, but filled with soft and sweet aromatic yellow pulp, punctuated by several fat bean-like seeds.

But it is the very handsome and distinct little tree, with its decidedly odd flowers, I would celebrate, rather than the fruits. This tree, rather common to shady places in eastern America as far north as New York, is worth much attention, and worth planting for its spreading richness of foliage. The leaves are large, and seem to carry into the cold North a hint of warmth and of luxuriant growth not common, by any means--I know of only one other hardy tree, the cucumber magnolia, with an approaching character. The arrangement of these handsome papaw leaves on the branches, too, makes the complete mass of regularly shaped greenery that is the special characteristic of this escape from the tropics; and, since I have seen the real papaw of the West Indies in full glory, I am more than ever glad for the handsomer tree that belongs to the regions of cold and vigor.

The form of our papaw, or _Asimina triloba_--the botanical name is rather pleasing--is noticeable, and as characteristic as its leafage. See these side branches, leaving the slender central stem with a graceful up-curve, but almost at once swinging down, only to again curve upward at the ends! Are they not graceful? Such branches as these point nature's marvelous engineering, to appreciate which one needs only to try to imagine a structure of equal grace and efficiency, made with any material of the arts. How awkward and clumsy steel would be, or other metal!

Along these swinging curved branches, as we see them in the April winds, there appear hints of the leaf richness that is to come--but something else as well. These darkest purple-red petals, almost black, as they change from the green of their opening hue, make up the peculiar flowers of the papaw. There is gold in the heart of the flower, not hid from the bees, and there is much of interest for the seeker for spring knowledge as well; though I advise him not to smell the flowers. Almost the exact antithesis of the dogwood is the bloom of this tree; for, both starting green when first unfolded from the buds, the papaw's flowers advance through browns and yellows, dully mingled, to the deep vinous red of maturity. The dogwood's final banner of white is unfolded through its progress of greens, about the same time or a little later.

A pleasant and peculiar small tree is this papaw, not nearly so well known or so highly esteemed as it ought to be.

Another tree with edible fruits--but here there will be a dispute, perhaps!--is the persimmon. I mean the American persimmon, indissolubly associated in our own Southland with the darky and the 'possum, but also well distributed over Eastern North America as far north as Connecticut. The botanical name of the genus is Diospyros, liberally translated as "fruit of the gods," or "Jove's fruit." If his highness of Olympus was, by any chance, well acquainted with our 'simmon just before frost, he must have had a copper-lined mouth, to choose it as his peculiar fruit!

Making a moderate-sized tree of peculiar and pleasing form, its branches twisting regardless of symmetry, the persimmon in Pennsylvania likes the country roadsides, especially along loamy banks. Here it has unequaled opportunity for hanging out its attractively colored fruits. As one drives along in early fall, just before hard frost, these fine-looking little tomato-like globes of orange and red are advertised in the wind by the absence of the early dropping foliage. They look luscious and tempting; indeed, they _are_ tempting! Past experience--you need but one--had prepared me for this "bunko" fruit; but my friend would not believe me, one day in early October--he must taste for himself. Taste he did, and generously, for the first bite is pleasing, and does not alarm, wherefore he had time, before his insulted nerves of mouth and tongue gave full warning, to absorb two of the 'simmons. Whew! What a face he made when the puckering juice got to work, and convinced him that he had been sucking a disguised lump of alum. Choking and gasping, he called for the water we were far from; and _he_ won't try an unfrosted persimmon again!

My clerical friend who brought home the fairy tale about the red-bud, or Judas-tree, might well have based his story on the American persimmon, but for the fact that this puckery little globe, so brilliant and so deceptive before frost, loses both its beauty and its astringency when slightly frozen. Then its tender flesh is suave and delicious, and old Jove might well choose it for his own.

But the tree--that is a beauty all summer, with its shining leaves, oblong, pointed and almost of the magnolia shape. It will grace any situation, and is particularly one of the trees worth planting along highways, to relieve the monotony of too many maples, ashes, horse-chestnuts and the like, and to offer to the passer-by a tempting fruit of which he will surely not partake too freely when it is most attractive. I read that toward the Western limit of its range the persimmon, in Louisiana, Eastern Kansas and the Indian Territory, becomes another tree of the first magnitude, towering above a hundred feet. This would be well worth seeing!

There is another persimmon in the South, introduced from Japan, the fruits of which are sold on the fruit-stands of Philadelphia, Boston and New York. This, the "kaki" of Japan, is a small but business-like tree, not substantially hardy north of Georgia, which provides great quantities of its beautiful fruits, rich in coloring and sweet to the taste, and varying greatly in size and form in its different varieties. These 'simmons do not need the touch of frost, nor do they ever attain the fine, wild, high flavor of the frost-bitten Virginian fruits; the tree that bears them has none of the irregular beauty of our native persimmon, nor does it approach in size to that ornament of the countryside.

* * * * *

And now, in closing these sketches, I become most keenly sensible of their deficiencies. Purely random bits they are, coming from a busy man, and possessing the one merit of frankness. Deeply interested in trees, but lacking the time for continuous study, I have been turning my camera and my eyes upon the growths about me, asking questions, mentally recording what I could see, and, while thankful for the rest and the pleasure of the pursuit, always sorry not to go more fully into proper and scientific tree knowledge. At times my lack in this respect has made me ashamed to have written at all upon trees; but with full gratitude to the botanical explorers whose labors have made such superficial observations as mine possible, I venture to send forth these sketches, without pretension as to the statement of any new facts or features.

If anything I have here set down shall induce among those who have looked and read with me from nature's open book the desire to go more deeply into the fascinating tree lore that always awaits and inevitably rewards the effort, I shall cry heartily, "God-speed!"

Index

Illustrations are indicated by a prefixed asterisk (*). For botanical names, see page 239.

Acorn, beginning of, 27.

Alligator tree, 221.

Amelanchier, 205.

American trees in Europe, 133.

Apple blossoms, 75, 80.

Apple, beauty of fruiting branch, 91

Apple, Chinese flowering, 90.

Apple, Crab, 80.

Apple trees, fruiting, 93; in blossom, *81.

Apples, 73.

Apples, Ben Davis, Bellefleur, Baldwin, Early Harvest, Red Astrachan, 93;
Rhode Island Greening, 76;
Winesap, fruit, *75.

Apple orchard in winter, *78.

Apples, Crab, fruit-cluster, *73.

Apples, propagation of, 88.

Arnold Arboretum, 57, 89.

Aspen, American, 121.

Aspen, Large-toothed, 121.

Aspen, Trembling (poplar), 121.

Bailey, Prof. L. H., quoted, 125.

Balm of Gilead, 118.

Beech, American, *177, 178.

Beech, birth of leaves, 179.

Bill-boards, 179.

Birch-bark for fuel, 190.

Birch, Paper, 190.

Birch, Sweet, 188, *185, *191.

Birch, White, 193.

Birch, Yellow, 189, *192.

Butternut, 164.

Buttonball, *215.

Buttonwood, 214.

Cathedral Woods (pines), 68.

Cedar, White, 71.

Cherry, Wild, 176.

Chestnut, American Sweet, 166, *165.

Chestnut burs, *157.

Chestnut grove in fall, 168.

Chestnut, Sweet, blossoms, *167.

Chinquapin, 169, *170.

Cocoanut, 182.

Common names, 146.

Cones of the pines, 64.

Cornus sericea, 200.

Cottonwood (poplar), 125.

Crab-apple, 80; Floribunda, 92;
Parkman's, 88;
Siberian, 89;
Spectabilis, *84.

Crab-apple, Wild, 85.

Crab-apples, Chinese and Japanese, 88;
Ringo, Kaido, Toringo, 93.

Crab, Wild, 83.

Crab, Soulard, 86.

Crab, Wild, fruit, *87.

Cypress, 72.

Diospyros, 229.

Dogwood berries, *187.

Dogwood, Blue-berried, 200.

Dogwood, White, 197, *199.

Elkwood, 20.

Elm and the Tulip, 131.

Elm, American, *ix, 134, *136, 137, 139.

Elm at Capitol Park, 141.

Elm, English, 142; *143.

Elm lawn, 138.

Elm, Slippery, 142; seed-pods, *131.

Elm, Wahoo or Winged, 144.

Elms, Paul and Virginia, 141.

Fence-post tree (locust), 210.

Fernow, Dr., on pines, 52.

Filbert, 181.

Fir, Balsam, 70.

Fir, Nordmann's, 65.

Firs, 65.

Fruit trees for beauty, 82.

Goat Island, plants on, 113.

Habenaria, Round-leaved, 54.

Hazelnut, 181.

Hemlock, 55.

Hemlock Hill, *56.

Hickory, False Shagbark, 176.

Hickory, Mockernut, 176.

Hickory, Pignut, 176.

Hickory, Shagbark, 171, *173.

Hollies, Japanese, English, Himalayan, 195.

Holly, American, 194, *196.

Holly, leaves and berries, *195.

Johnny Appleseed, 87.

Judas-tree, 201.

Judas-tree, Eastern, 202.

June-berry, 205.

Juniper, Common, 71.

Kaki, 233.

Keeler, Miss, quoted, 117.

Linden, American, 206; flowers, *207, *209.

Linden, European, 208.

Liquidambar, 219, *220; fruits, *222.

Liriodendron, 145;
candlesticks, 147;
buds opening, 149;
flowers of, *150, 153.

Liriodendrons in Washington, 152.

Locust, Black, 210; flowers, *211.

Locust, young trees, *212.

Maple, Ash-leaved, Box-elder, or Negundo, 17;
flowers, *17;
in bloom, *19.

Maple, Black, 22.

Maple, Japanese, 23.

Maple, Large-leaved, 22.

Maple, Mountain, 21.

Maple, Norway, 8; bloom, *9;
samaras, *1.

Maple, Red, Scarlet or Swamp, 6;
young leaves, *7.

Maple, Silver, 4; flowers, *4;
samaras, *3.

Maple, Striped, 20, *21.

Maple, Sugar, 10;
samaras, *11.

Maple, Sycamore, *13, 15;
blossoms, *15.

Maples, A Story of Some, 1.

Moosewood, 20.

Niagara, plants and trees, 111.

Nut-bearing Trees, 157.

Oak, Chestnut, 42;
flowers, *25.

Oak, English, 33, 46;
acorns, *47.

Oak, The Growth of the, 25.

Oak, Laurel, 43.

Oak, Live, 45.

Oak, Mossy Cup or Bur, 38.

Oak, Pin, 30; acorns, *27;
flowers, *31.

Oak, Post, *39, 40.

Oak, Swamp White, 38;
flowers, *41;
in early spring, *36;
in winter, *29.

Oak, White, 33.

Oak, Willow, 42.

Oaks, blooming of, 28.

Oaks in Georgia, 44.

Oaks, Red, Black, Scarlet, 46.

Orchard, apple, 77.

Papaw, 225; flowers, *227;
in bloom, *226.

Paxtang walnut, 160.

Pecan, 176; nuts, *159.

Persimmons, American, 229.

Persimmon, Japanese, *v, 232.

Persimmon tree in fruit, *231.

Pine, Austrian, 64.

Pine, Jack, 64.

Pine, Long-leaved or Southern, 63;
forest, *61;
young trees, *62.

Pine on Indian River, *53.

Pine, Pitch, 64.

Pine, Red, 59.

Pine, Scrub, 64.

Pine, White, *vii, 59; cone, *51.

Pines of America, 58.

Pines, The, 49.

Pines, White, avenue of, *67.

Plane, Oriental, 213.

Plane-tree, 213.

Poplar, Aspen, 121.

Poplar, Balsam, or Balm of Gilead, 118.

Poplar, Carolina, 122;
as street tree, *123;
blooming of, 124;
flowers, *95.

Poplar, Cottonwood, 125; in winter, *126.

Poplar, Lombardy, 128, *129.

Poplar, White or Silver-leaved, 125.

Poplar, Yellow, 145.

Poplars (and Willows), 95, 118.

Poplars for pulp-making, 128.

Poplars, White, in spring, *119.

Pyrus family, 89.

Rain, flowers in, 203.

Red-bud, 201; in bloom, *201.

Red-woods, 72.

Salicylic acid from willows, 99.

Salix, genus (Willows), 117.

Sargent, Prof. Charles S., 92.

Sequoias, 72.

Service-berry, 205.

Shad-bush, 205;
flowers, *206.

Skunk-cabbage, 188.

Some Other Trees, 185.

Spice-bush, 193; flowers, *194;
berries, 234.

Spruce, Colorado Blue, 65.

Spruce, Norway, 69;
cones, *49.

Spruce, White, cones, *71.

Spruces, 65.

Squirrels as nut-eaters, *179.

Strobiles (cones) of spruce, 69.

Sweet-gum, 219.

Sycamore, 214, *215;
fruits, *217.

Tree-warden law, 35.

Tropical trees, 225.

Tulip (and Elm), 131, 145.

Tulip flowers, *133;
structure of, 148.

Tulip tree in winter, *148.

Walnut, Black, 160;
in winter, *162.

Walnut, English or Persian, 164.

Walnut, White, 164.

Washington, tree planting in, 32.

Whitewood, 145.

Willow, Basket, 104.

Willow, Black, 110.

Willow family, contrasts of, 98.

Willow, glaucous (pussy), 107.

Willow, Goat, 113.

Willow, Golden, 111.

Willow, Kilmarnock, 113.

Willow, Napoleon's, 98.

Willow, Pussy, 105; blooms, *97;
in park, *106.

Willow, Weeping, 102;
in early spring, *100;
in storm, *103.

Willow, White, 108;
blossoms, *108, 109;
clump, *116;
tree by stream, *112.

Willows and Poplars, 95.

Willows, colors of, 101.

Willows, Crack, Yellow, Blue, 107.

Willows of Babylon, 97.

Witch-hazel, 181; flowers, *181.

Botanical Names

The standard used in determining the botanical names is Bailey's "Cyclopedia of American Horticulture."

COMMON NAME BOTANICAL NAME PAGE

Amelanchier Amelanchier Canadensis 205

Aspen, American Populus tremuloides 121

Aspen, Large-toothed Populus grandidentata 121

Beech, American Fagus ferruginea 178

Birch, Paper Betula papyrifera 190

Birch, Sweet Betula lenta 188

Birch, White Betula populifolia 193

Birch, Yellow Betula lutea 189

Butternut Juglans cinerea 164

Buttonball } { 215
Buttonwood }Platanus occidentalis { 214

Chestnut, American Sweet Castanea Americana 166

Chinquapin Castanea pumila 169

Cocoanut Cocos nucifera 182

Cottonwood (poplar) Populus deltoides 125

Crab-apple, Siberian Pyrus baccata 89

Crab-apple, Wild Pyrus coronaria 85

Crab, Soulard Pyrus Soulardi 86

Dogwood, Blue-berried Cornus sericea 200

Dogwood, White Cornus florida 197

Elm, American Ulmus Americana 134

Elm, English Ulmus campestris 142

Elm, Slippery or Red Ulmus fulva 142

Elm, Wahoo or Winged Ulmus alata 144

Filbert Corylus Americana 181

Fir, Balsam Abies balsamea 70

Fir, Nordmann's Abies Nordmanniana 65

Habenaria, Round-leaved Habenaria orbiculata 54

Hazelnut Corylus Americana 181

Hemlock Tsuga Canadensis 55

Hickory, False Shagbark Hicoria glabra, var. 176
microcarpa

Hickory, Mockernut Hicoria alba 176

Hickory, Pignut Hicoria glabra 176

Hickory, Shagbark Hicoria ovata 171

Holly, American Ilex opaca 194

Judas-tree Cercis Canadensis 201

Judas-tree, Eastern Cercis Siliquastrum 202

June-berry Amelanchier Botryapium 205

Juniper, Common Juniperus communis 71

Kaki Diospyros Kaki 233

Linden, American Tilia Americana 206

Linden, European Tilia tomentosa 208

Liquidambar Liquidambar styraciflua 219

Liriodendron Liriodendron Tulipifera 145

Locust, Black Robinia Pseudacacia 210

Maple, Ash-leaved,
Box-elder or Negundo Acer Negundo 17

Maple, Black Acer nigrum 22

Maple, Japanese Acer palmatum 23

Maple, Large-leaved Acer macrophyllum 22

Maple, Mountain Acer spicatum 21

Maple, Norway Acer platanoides 8

Maple, Red, Scarlet Acer rubrum 6
or Swamp

Maple, Silver, White Acer saccharinum 4
or Soft

Maple, Striped, Acer Pennsylvanicum 20
of Pennsylvania

Maple, Sugar Acer saccharum 10

Maple, Sycamore Acer Pseudo-platanus 15

Oak, Chestnut Quercus Prinus 42

Oak, English Quercus pedunculata 33, 46

Oak, Laurel Quercus laurifolia 43

Oak, Live Quercus Virginiana 45

Oak, Mossy Cup or Bur Quercus macrocarpa 38

Oak, Pin Quercus palustris 30

Oak, Post Quercus stellata 40

Oak, Swamp White Quercus bicolor 38

Oak, White Quercus alba 33

Oak, Willow Quercus Phellos 42

Papaw Asimina triloba 225

Pecan Hicoria Pecan 176

Persimmon, American Diospyros Virginiana 229

Persimmon, Japanese Diospyros Kaki 232

Pine, Austrian Pinus Laricio, var. 64
Austriaca

Pine, Long-leaved or Pinus palustris 63
Southern

Pine, Pitch Pinus rigida 64

Pine, Red Pinus resinosa 59

Pine, Scrub Pinus Virginiana 64

Pine, White Pinus Strobus 59

Plane, Oriental Platanus orientalis 213

Plane-tree Platanus occidentalis 213

Poplar, Aspen Populus tremuloides 121

Poplar, Balsam, or Populus balsamifera 118
Balm of Gilead

Poplar, Carolina Populus deltoides, 122
var. Caroliniana

Poplar, Cottonwood Populus deltoides 125

Poplar, Lombardy Populus nigra, 128, *129
var. Italica

Poplar, White or Populus alba 125
Silver-leaved

Poplar, Yellow Liriodendron 145
Tulipifera

Red-bud Cercis Canadensis 201

Service-berry Amelanchier vulgaris 205

Shad-bush Amelanchier 205
Canadensis

Skunk-cabbage Spathyema foeetida 188

Spice-bush Benzoin oderiferum 193

Spruce, Colorado Blue Picea pungens 65

Spruce, Norway Picea excelsa 69

Sweet-gum Liquidambar 219
styraciflua

Sycamore Platanus occidentalis 214

Walnut, Black Juglans nigra 160

Walnut, English or Juglans regia 164
Persian
Walnut, White Juglans cinerea 164

Whitewood Liriodendron 145
Tulipifera

Willow, Basket Salix viminalis 104

Willow, Black Salix nigra 110

Willow, Goat Salix Caprea 113

Willow, Golden Salix vitellina 111

Willow, Kilmarnock. Salix Caprea, var. 113
pendula

Willow, Pussy Salix discolor 105

Willow, Weeping Salix Babylonica 102

Willow, White Salix alba 108

Witch-hazel Hamamelis Virginiana 181

* * * * *

The following pages are advertisements of

+------------------------------+
|THE MACMILLAN STANDARD LIBRARY|
| |
|THE MACMILLAN FICTION LIBRARY |
| |
|THE MACMILLAN JUVENILE LIBRARY|
| |
|THE MACMILLAN STANDARD LIBRARY|
+------------------------------+

This series has taken its place as one of the most important popular-priced editions. The "Library" includes only those books which have been put to the test of public opinion and have not been found wanting,--books, in other words, which have come to be regarded as standards in the fields of knowledge--literature, religion, biography, history, politics, art, economics, sports, sociology, and belles lettres. Together they make the most complete and authoritative works on the several subjects.

_Each volume, cloth, 12mo, 50 cents net; postage, 10 cents extra_

Addams--The Spirit of Youth and the City Streets

BY JANE ADDAMS

"Shows such sanity, such breadth and tolerance of mind, and such penetration into the inner meanings of outward phenomena as to make it a book which no one can afford to miss."--_New York Times._

Bailey--The Country Life Movement in the United States

BY L. H. BAILEY

"... clearly thought out, admirably written, and always stimulating in its generalization and in the perspectives it opens."--_Philadelphia Press._

Bailey and Hunn--The Practical Garden Book

BY L. H. BAILEY AND C. E. HUNN

"Presents only those facts that have been proved by experience, and which are most capable of application on the farm."--_Los Angeles Express._

Campbell--The New Theology

BY R. J. CAMPBELL

"A fine contribution to the better thought of our times written in the spirit of the Master."--_St. Paul Dispatch._

Clark--The Care of a House

BY T. M. CLARK

"If the average man knew one-ninth of what Mr. Clark tells him in this book, he would be able to save money every year on repairs, etc."--_Chicago Tribune._

Conyngton--How to Help: A Manual of Practical Charity

BY MARY CONYNGTON

"An exceedingly comprehensive work with chapters on the homeless man and woman, care of needy families, and the discussions of the problems of child labor."

Coolidge--The United States as a World Power

BY ARCHIBALD CARY COOLIDGE

"A work of real distinction ... which moves the reader to thought."--_The Nation._

Croly--The Promise of American Life

BY HERBERT CROLY

"The most profound and illuminating study of our national conditions which has appeared in many years."--THEODORE ROOSEVELT.

Devine--Misery and Its Causes

BY EDWARD T. DEVINE

"One rarely comes across a book so rich in every page, yet so sound, so logical, and thorough."--_Chicago Tribune._

Earle--Home Life in Colonial Days

BY ALICE MORSE EARLE

"A book which throws new light on our early history."

Ely--Evolution of Industrial Society

BY RICHARD T. ELY

"The benefit of competition and the improvement of the race, municipal ownership, and concentration of wealth are treated in a sane, helpful, and interesting manner."--_Philadelphia Telegraph._

Ely--Monopolies and Trusts

BY RICHARD T. ELY

"The evils of monopoly are plainly stated, and remedies are proposed. This book should be a help to every man in active business life."--_Baltimore Sun._

French--How to Grow Vegetables

BY ALLEN FRENCH

"Particularly valuable to a beginner in vegetable gardening, giving not only a convenient and reliable planting-table, but giving particular attention to the culture of the vegetables."--_Suburban Life._

Goodyear--Renaissance and Modern Art

W. H. GOODYEAR

"A thorough and scholarly interpretation of artistic development."

Hapgood--Abraham Lincoln: The Man of the People

BY NORMAN HAPGOOD

"A life of Lincoln that has never been surpassed in vividness, compactness, and homelike reality."--_Chicago Tribune._

Haultain--The Mystery of Golf

BY ARNOLD HAULTAIN

"It is more than a golf book. These is interwoven with it a play of mild philosophy and of pointed wit."--_Boston Globe._

Hearn--Japan: An Attempt at Interpretation

BY LAFCADIO HEARN

"A thousand books have been written about Japan, but this one is one of the rarely precious volumes which opens the door to an intimate acquaintance with the wonderful people who command the attention of the world to-day."--_Boston Herald._

Hillis--The Quest of Happiness

BY REV. NEWELL DWIGHT HILLIS

"Its whole tone and spirit is of a sane, healthy optimism."--_Philadelphia Telegraph._

Hillquit--Socialism in Theory and Practice

BY MORRIS HILLQUIT

"An interesting historical sketch of the movement."--_Newark Evening News._

Hodges--Everyman's Religion

BY GEORGE HODGES

"Religion to-day is preëminently ethical and social, and such is the religion so ably and attractively set forth in these pages."--_Boston Herald._

Home--David Livingstone

BY SILVESTER C. HORNE

The centenary edition of this popular work. A clear, simple, narrative biography of the great missionary, explorer, and scientist.

Hunter--Poverty

BY ROBERT HUNTER

"Mr. Hunter's book is at once sympathetic and scientific. He brings to the task a store of practical experience in settlement work gathered in many parts of the country."--_Boston Transcript._

Hunter--Socialists at Work

BY ROBERT HUNTER

"A vivid, running characterization of the foremost personalities in the Socialist movement throughout the world."--_Review of Reviews._

Jefferson--The Building of the Church

BY CHARLES E. JEFFERSON

"A book that should be read by every minister."

King--The Ethics of Jesus

BY HENRY CHURCHILL KING

"I know no other study of the ethical teaching of Jesus so scholarly, so careful, clear and compact as this."--G. H. PALMER, Harvard University.

King--Rational Living

BY HENRY CHURCHILL KING

"An able conspectus of modern psychological investigation, viewed from the Christian standpoint."--_Philadelphia Public Ledger._

London--The War of the Classes

BY JACK LONDON

"Mr. London's book is thoroughly interesting, and his point of view is very different from that of the closest theorist."--_Springfield Republican._

London--Revolution and Other Essays

BY JACK LONDON

"Vigorous, socialistic essays, animating and insistent."

Lyon--How to Keep Bees for Profit

BY EVERETT D. LYON

"A book which gives an insight into the life history of the bee family, as well as telling the novice how to start an apiary and care for it."--_Country Life in America._

McLennan--A Manual of Practical Farming

BY JOHN MCLENNAN

"The author has placed before the reader in the simplest terms a means of assistance in the ordinary problems of farming."--_National Nurseryman._

Mabie--William Shakespeare: Poet, Dramatist, and Man

BY HAMILTON W. MABIE

"It is rather an interpretation than a record."--_Chicago Standard._

Mahaffy--Rambles and Studies in Greece

BY J. P. MAHAFFY

"To the intelligent traveler and lover of Greece this volume will prove a most sympathetic guide and companion."

Mathews--The Church and the Changing Order

BY SHAILER MATHEWS

"The book throughout is characterized by good sense and restraint.... A notable book and one that every Christian may read with profit."--_The Living Church._

Mathews--The Gospel and the Modern Man

BY SHAILER MATHEWS

"A succinct statement of the essentials of the New Testament."--_Service._

Patten--The Social Basis of Religion

BY SIMON N. PATTEN

"A work of substantial value"--_Continent._

Peabody--The Approach to the Social Question

BY FRANCIS GREENWOOD PEABODY

"This book is at once the most delightful, persuasive, and sagacious contribution to the subject."--_Louisville Courier-Journal._

Pierce--The Tariff and the Trusts

BY FRANKLIN PIERCE

"An excellent campaign document for a non-protectionist."--_Independent._

Rauschenbusch--Christianity and the Social Crisis

BY WALTER RAUSCHENBUSCH

"It is a book to like, to learn from, and to be charmed with."--_New York Times._

Riis--The Making of an American

BY JACOB RIIS

"Its romance and vivid incident make it as varied and delightful as any romance."--_Publisher's Weekly._

Riis--Theodore Roosevelt, the Citizen

BY JACOB RIIS

"A refreshing and stimulating picture."--_New York Tribune._

Ryan--A Living Wage; Its Ethical and Economic Aspects

BY REV. J. A. RYAN

"The most judicious and balanced discussion at the disposal of the general reader."--_World To-day._

St. Maur--A Self-supporting Home

BY KATE V. ST. MAUR

"Each chapter is the detailed account of all the work necessary for one month--in the vegetable garden, among the small fruits, with the fowls, guineas, rabbits, and in every branch of husbandry to be met with on the small farm."--_Louisville Courier-Journal._

Sherman--What is Shakespeare?

BY L. A. SHERMAN

"Emphatically a work without which the library of the Shakespeare student will be incomplete."--_Daily Telegram._

Sidgwick--Home Life in Germany

BY A. SIDGWICK

"A vivid picture of social life and customs in Germany to-day."

Smith--The Spirit of American Government

BY J. ALLEN SMITH

"Not since Bryce's 'American Commonwealth' has a book been produced which deals so searchingly with American political institutions and their history."--_New York Evening Telegram._

Spargo--Socialism

BY JOHN SPARGO

"One of the ablest expositions of Socialism that has ever been written."--_New York Evening Call._

Tarbell--History of Greek Art

BY T. B. TARBELL

"A sympathetic and understanding conception of the golden age of art."

Valentine--How to Keep Hens for Profit

BY C. S. VALENTINE

"Beginners and seasoned poultrymen will find in it much of value."--_Chicago Tribune._

Van Dyke--The Gospel for a World of Sin

BY HENRY VAN DYKE

"One of the basic books of true Christian thought of to-day and of all times."--_Boston Courier._

Van Dyke--The Spirit of America

BY HENRY VAN DYKE

"Undoubtedly the most notable interpretation in years of the real America. It compares favorably with Bryce's 'American Commonwealth.'"--_Philadelphia Press._

Veblen--The Theory of the Leisure Class

BY THORSTEIN B. VEBLEN

"The most valuable recent contribution to the elucidation of this subject."--_London Times._

Wells--New Worlds for Old

BY H. G. WELLS

"As a presentation of Socialistic thought as it is working to-day, this is the most judicious and balanced discussion at the disposal of the general reader."--_World To-day._

White--The Old Order Changeth

BY WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE

"The present status of society in America. An excellent antidote to the pessimism of modern writers on our social system."--_Baltimore Sun._

THE MACMILLAN FICTION LIBRARY

A new and important series of some of the best popular novels which have been published in recent years.

These successful books are now made available at a popular price in response to the insistent demand for cheaper editions.

_Each volume, cloth, 12mo, 50 cents net; postage, 10 cents extra_

Allen--A Kentucky Cardinal

BY JAMES LANE ALLEN

"A narrative, told with naïve simplicity, of how a man who was devoted to his fruits and flowers and birds came to fall in love with a fair neighbor."--_New York Tribune._

Allen--The Reign of Law _A Tale of the Kentucky Hempfields_

BY JAMES LANE ALLEN

"Mr. Allen has style as original and almost as perfectly finished as Hawthorne's.... And rich in the qualities that are lacking in so many novels of the period."--_San Francisco Chronicle._

Atherton--Patience Sparhawk

BY GERTRUDE ATHERTON

"One of the most interesting works of the foremost American novelist."

Child--Jim Hands

BY RICHARD WASHBURN CHILD

"A big, simple, leisurely moving chronicle of life. Commands the profoundest respect and admiration. Jim is a real man, sound and fine."--_Daily News._

Crawford--The Heart of Rome

BY MARION CRAWFORD

"A story of underground mysterie."

Crawford--Fair Margaret: A Portrait

BY MARION CRAWFORD

"A story of modern life in Italy, visualizing the country and its people, and warm with the red blood of romance and melodrama."--_Boston Transcript._

Davis--A Friend of Cæsar

BY WILLIAM STEARNS DAVIS

"There are many incidents so vivid, so brilliant, that they fix themselves in the memory."--NANCY HUSTON BANKS in _The Bookman._

Drummond--The Justice of the King

BY HAMILTON DRUMMOND

"Read the story for the sake of the living, breathing people, the adventures, but most for the sake of the boy who served love and the King."--_Chicago Record-Herald._

Elizabeth and Her German Garden

"It is full of nature in many phases--of breeze and sunshine, of the glory of the land, and the sheer joy of living."--_New York Times._

Gale--Loves of Pelleas and Etarre

BY ZONA GALE

"... full of fresh feeling and grace of style, a draught from the fountain of youth."--_Outlook._

Herrick--The Common Lot

BY ROBERT HERRICK

"A story of present-day life, intensely real in its picture of a young architect whose ideals in the beginning were, at their highest, æsthetic rather than spiritual. It is an unusual novel of great interest."

London--Adventure

BY JACK LONDON

"No reader of Jack London's stories need be told that this abounds with romantic and dramatic incident."--_Los Angeles Tribune._

London--Burning Daylight

BY JACK LONDON

"Jack London has outdone himself in 'Burning Daylight.'"--_The Springfield Union._

Loti--Disenchanted

BY PIERRE LOTI

"It gives a more graphic picture of the life of the rich Turkish women of to-day than anything that has ever been written."--_Brooklyn Daily Eagle._

Lucas--Mr. Ingleside

BY E. V. LUCAS

"He displays himself as an intellectual and amusing observer of life's foibles with a hero characterized by inimitable kindness and humor."--_The Independent._

Mason--The Four Feathers

BY A. E. W. MASON

"'The Four Feathers' is a first-rate story, with more legitimate thrills than any novel we have read in a long time."--_New York Press._

Norris--Mother

BY KATHLEEN NORRIS

"Worth its weight in gold."--_Catholic Columbian._

Oxenham--The Long Road

BY JOHN OXENHAM

"'The Long Road' is a tragic, heart-gripping story of Russian political and social conditions."--_The Craftsman._

Pryor--The Colonel's Story

BY MRS. ROGER A. PRYOR

"The story is one in which the spirit of the Old South figures largely; adventure and romance have their play and carry the plot to a satisfying end."

Remington--Ermine of the Yellowstone

BY JOHN REMINGTON

"A very original and remarkable novel wonderful in its vigor and freshness."

Roberts--Kings in Exile

BY CHARLES G. D. ROBERTS

"The author catches the spirit of forest and sea life, and the reader comes to have a personal love and knowledge of our animal friends."--_Boston Globe._

Robins--The Convert

BY ELIZABETH ROBINS

"'The Convert' devotes itself to the exploitation of the recent suffragist movement in England. It is a book not easily forgotten, by any thoughtful reader."--_Chicago Evening Post._

Robins--A Dark Lantern

BY ELIZABETH ROBINS

A powerful and striking novel, English in scene, which takes an essentially modern view of society and of certain dramatic situations.

Ward--David Grieve

BY MRS. HUMPHREY WARD

"A perfect picture of life, remarkable for its humor and extraordinary success at character analysis."

Wells--The Wheels of Chance

BY H. G. WELLS

"Mr. Wells is beyond question the most plausible romancer of the time."--_The New York Tribune._

THE MACMILLAN JUVENILE LIBRARY

This collection of juvenile books contains works of standard quality, on a variety of subjects--history, biography, fiction, science, and poetry--carefully chosen to meet the needs and interests of both boys and girls.

_Each volume, cloth, 12mo, 50 cents net; postage, 10 cents extra_

Altsheler--The Horsemen of the Plains

BY JOSEPH A. ALTSHELER

"A story of the West, of Indians, of scouts, trappers, fur traders, and, in short, of everything that is dear to the imagination of a healthy American boy."--_New York Sun._

Bacon--While Caroline Was Growing

BY JOSEPHINE DASKAM BACON

"Only a genuine lover of children, and a keenly sympathetic observer of human nature, could have given us a book as this."--_Boston Herald._

Carroll--Alice's Adventures, and Through the Looking Glass

BY LEWIS CARROLL

"One of the immortal books for children."

Dix--A Little Captive Lad

BY MARIE BEULAH DIX

"The human interest is strong, and children are sure to like it."--_Washington Times._

Greene--Pickett's Gap

BY HOMER GREENE

"The story presents a picture of truth and honor that cannot fail to have a vivid impression upon the reader."--_Toledo Blade._

Lucas--Slowcoach

BY E. V. LUCAS

"The record of an English family's coaching tour in a great old-fashioned wagon. A charming narrative, as quaint and original as its name."--_Booknews Monthly._

Mabie--Book of Christmas

BY H. W. MABIE

"A beautiful collection of Christmas verse and prose in which all the old favorites will be found in an artistic setting."--_The St. Louis Mirror._

Major--The Bears of Blue River

BY CHARLES MAJOR

"An exciting story with all the thrills the title implies."

Major--Uncle Tom Andy Bill

BY CHARLES MAJOR

"A stirring story full of bears, Indians, and hidden treasures."-_Cleveland Leader._

Nesbit--The Railway Children

BY E. NESBIT

"A delightful story revealing the author's intimate knowledge of juvenile ways."--_The Nation._

Whyte--The Story Book Girls

BY CHRISTINA G. WHYTE

"A book that all girls will read with delight--a sweet, wholesome story of girl life."

Wright--Dream Fox Story Book

BY MABEL OSGOOD WRIGHT

"The whole book is delicious with its wise and kindly humor, its just perspective of the true value of things."

Wright--Aunt Jimmy's Will

BY MABEL OSGOOD WRIGHT

"Barbara has written no more delightful book than this."

THE BEST NEW BOOKS AT THE LEAST PRICES

Each volume in the Macmillan Libraries sells for 50 cents, never more, wherever books are sold.

THE MACMILLAN STANDARD LIBRARY

ADDAMS--The Spirit of Youth and the City Streets.
BAILEY--The Country Life Movement in the United States.
BAILEY & HUNN--The Practical Garden Book.
CAMPBELL--The New Theology.
CLARK--The Care of a House.
CONYNGTON--How to Help: A Manual of Practical Charity.
COOLIDGE--The United States as a World Power.
CROLY--The Promise of American Life.
DEVINE--Misery and Its Causes.
EARLE--Home Life in Colonial Days.
ELY--Evolution of Industrial Society.
ELY--Monopolies and Trusts.
FRENCH--How to Grow Vegetables.
GOODYEAR--Renaissance and Modern Art.
HAPGOOD--Lincoln, Abraham, The Man of the People.
HAULTAIN--The Mystery of Golf.
HEARN--Japan: An Attempt at Interpretation.
HILLIS--The Quest of Happiness.
HILLQUIT--Socialism in Theory and Practice.
HODGES--Everyman's Religion.
HORNE--David Livingstone.
HUNTER--Poverty.
HUNTER--Socialists at Work.
JEFFERSON--The Building of the Church.
KING--The Ethics of Jesus.
KING--Rational Living
LONDON--The War of the Classes.
LONDON--Revolution and Other Essays.
LYON--How to Keep Bees for Profit.
MCLENNAN--A Manual of Practical Farming.
MABIE--William Shakespeare: Poet, Dramatist, and Man.
MAHAFFY--Rambles and Studies in Greece.
MATHEWS--The Church and the Changing Order.
MATHEWS--The Gospel and the Modern Man.
PATTEN--The Social Basis of Religion.
PEABODY--The Approach to the Social Question.
PIERCE--The Tariff and the Trusts.
RAUSCHENBUSCH--Christianity and the Social Crisis.
RIIS--The Making of an American Citizen.
RIIS--Theodore Roosevelt, the Citizen.
RYAN--A Living Wage: Its Ethical and Economic Aspects.
ST. MAUR--A Self-supporting Home.
SHERMAN--What is Shakespeare?
SIDGWICK--Home Life in Germany.
SMITH--The Spirit of the American Government.
SPARGO--Socialism.

_THE BEST NEW BOOKS AT THE LEAST PRICES_

Each volume in the Macmillan Libraries sells for 50 cents, never more, wherever books are sold.

TARBELL--History of Greek Art.
VALENTINE--How to Keep Hens for Profit.
VAN DYKE--The Gospel for a World of Sin.
VAN DYKE--The Spirit of America.
VEBLEN--The Theory of the Leisure Class.
WELLS--New Worlds for Old.
WHITE--The Old Order Changeth.

THE MACMILLAN FICTION LIBRARY

ALLEN--A Kentucky Cardinal.
ALLEN--The Reign of Law.
ATHERTON--Patience Sparhawk.
CHILD--Jim Hands.
CRAWFORD--The Heart of Rome.
CRAWFORD--Fair Margaret: A Portrait
DAVIS--A Friend of Cæsar.
DRUMMOND--The Justice of the King.
ELIZABETH AND HER GERMAN GARDEN.
GALE--Loves of Pelleas and Etarre.
HERRICK--The Common Lot.
LONDON--Adventure.
LONDON--Burning Daylight
LOTI--Disenchanted.
LUCAS--Mr. Ingleside.
MASON---The Four Feathers.
NORRIS--Mother.
OXENHAM--The Long Road.
PRYOR---The Colonel's Story.
REMINGTON--Ermine of the Yellowstone.
ROBERTS--Kings in Exile.
ROBINS---The Convert.
ROBINS--A Dark Lantern.
WARD--David Grieve.
WELLS--The Wheels of Chance.

THE MACMILLAN JUVENILE LIBRARY

ALTSHELER--The Horsemen of the Plains.
BACON--While Caroline Was Growing.
CARROLL--Alice's Adventures and Through the Looking Glass.
DIX--A Little Captive Lad.
GREENE--Pickett's Gap.
LUCAS--Slow Coach.
MABIE--Book of Christmas.
MAJOR--The Bears of Blue River.
MAJOR--Uncle Tom Andy Bill.
NESBIT--The Railway Children.
WHYTE--The Story Book Girls.
WRIGHT--Dream Fox Story Book.
WRIGHT--Aunt Jimmy's Will.