Chapter I: Preface

My only object in writing these few words of preface is to state plainly the share of originality which belongs to this essay. This is rendered necessary because the subject of the work has occupied the attention of many authors of far greater ability and experience than that of which the present writer can boast.

The extent, then, to which this essay is original is as follows:--The facts of Giotto's life have been taken from Vasari's _Lives of the Painters_ and compared with those given by all later writers on the same subject. As these later authors are mentioned throughout the book, wherever their opinions are quoted, I need not give a list of them here. The descriptions of the pictures and sculptures of Giotto are, in all cases, written by myself after careful study of the originals. In no case whatever is an opinion expressed upon the merit or meaning of a work which I have not personally examined; this applies to all pictures and statues mentioned in the essay as well as to those of Giotto.

The descriptions of Padua, Assisi, and Florence were written on the spot, and the vignettes of the two former towns are reduced from sketches made by myself on purpose for the present work.

The fresco of the _Unknown Madonna_, formerly attributed to Giotto, and still ascribed to him by the monks of Assisi, is reproduced here, by chromo-lithography, from a watercolour drawing made by me at Assisi in the spring of last year--its only use is to show readers the kind of colouring prevalent in Giotto's work.

Lastly, for all criticisms, theories, and illustrations given in the essay, I am alone responsible, except in cases where the name of the author is subjoined in a footnote.

THE WHITE HOUSE, CHELSEA,
_May, 1880_.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I. PAGE

INTRODUCTORY 1

CHAPTER II.

ART IN ITALY IN THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY 11

CHAPTER III.

FRESCO-PAINTING 28

CHAPTER IV.

CIMABUE 33

CHAPTER V.

GIOTTO 41

CHAPTER VI.

THE CHIEF FUNCTION OF PAINTING 53

CHAPTER VII.

THE EARLY WORK OF GIOTTO AT FLORENCE AND ROME 59

CHAPTER VIII.

GIOTTO AT PADUA 68

CHAPTER IX.

GIOTTO'S STYLE 86

CHAPTER X.

GIOTTO AT ASSISI. THE UPPER CHURCH 94

CHAPTER XI.

THE LOWER CHURCH OF ASSISI 111