Chapter III: Part IV: CIVIL Architecture

1. BARNS, HOSPITALS, HOUSES, AND "HÔTELS" OR TOWNHOUSES OF
THE NOBILITY 333

2. TOWN-HALLS, BELFRIES, AND PALACES 360

ILLUSTRATIONS

Canterbury Cathedral. By A. Brunet-Debaines _Frontispiece_

FIG. PAGE

1. Plan of a cupola of the Abbey Church of St. Front at
Périgueux 17

2. Pendentive of a cupola of the Abbey Church of St. Front
at Périgueux 18

3. Diagonal section of a pendentive 19

4. Plan of a cupola of Angoulême or Fontevrault 20

5. Section of a bay of the cupolas of Angoulême 20

6. Section of a bay in the Church of St. Avit-Sénieur 21

7. Plan of vault on intersecting arches 21

8. Section of an intersecting arch 22

9. Plan of a bay in the nave of St. Maurice at Angers 24

10. Transverse section of the nave of St. Maurice at Angers 25

11. Plan of a bay of the nave. Ste. Trinité, Laval 26

12. Section of two bays of the nave. Ste. Trinité, Laval 27

13, 14. Comparative sections of Churches of Angoulême and
Angers 28

15. View in perspective of nave vault. St. Maurice at Angers 29

16. Plan of a summer of the nave vault. Ste. Trinité, Laval 30

17. Plan of one of the nave piers. Ste. Trinité, Laval 30

18. Plan of the nave, St. Maurice, Angers 33

19. Plan of La Ste. Trinité, Angers 34

20. Section of a bay. Ste. Trinité, Angers 35

21. Transverse section of a bay. Ste. Trinité, Angers 37

22. Section of a single-aisled Church vaulted on intersecting
arches with buttresses 38

23. Section of a three-aisled Church vaulted on intersecting
arches with flying buttresses 39

24. Durham Cathedral. Transverse sections 43

25. Abbey Church at Noyon. Plan 44

26. Transverse section of Noyon Church 45

27. Church of Tournai, Belgium. Exterior view of north transept
towards the Scheldt 46

28. Monastery Church at Moissac. Vault of the hall known as
the _Salle des Capitaines_ above the porch 47

29. Church of Tournai, Belgium. Interior of north transept 47

30. Soissons Cathedral, south transept. Section of flying
buttress 48

31. Perspective view of south transept, Soissons Cathedral 49

32. Cathedral of Laon. Plan 52

33. Cathedral of Laon. Interior of the nave 54

34. Cathedral of Laon. Main façade 55

35. Cathedral of Laon. The east end 57

36. Cathedral of Laon. Section of the nave 58

37. Notre Dame de Paris. Plan 59

38. Notre Dame de Paris. Section of the nave 60

39. Notre Dame de Paris. Flying buttresses and south tower 61

40. Sens Cathedral. Plan of a bay 62

41. Sens Cathedral. Section of a bay of the nave 63

42. Sens Cathedral. Interior 64

43. Bourges Cathedral. Section of the nave 65

44. Rheims Cathedral. Plan 68

45. Rheims Cathedral. Section of the nave 70

46. Rheims Cathedral. Flying buttresses of the choir 71

47. Amiens Cathedral. Plan 72

48. Amiens Cathedral. Section through the nave 73

49. Beauvais Cathedral. Apse 75

50. Beauvais Cathedral. North front 76

51. Beauvais Cathedral. Transverse section 77

52. Chartres Cathedral. Rose window of north transept 78

53. Mans Cathedral. Plan 80

54. Mans Cathedral. Flying buttresses of the apse 81

55. Mans Cathedral. Section of the choir 82

56. Coutances Cathedral. North tower 83

57. Rodez Cathedral. West front 86

58. Bordeaux Cathedral. Choir and north front 87

59. Lichfield Cathedral. West front 88

60. Lincoln Cathedral. Plan 91

61. Lincoln Cathedral. West front 92

62. Lincoln Cathedral. Transept 94

63. Lincoln Cathedral. Apse and chapter-house 95

64. Brussels Cathedral (Ste. Gudule). West front 97

65. Cologne Cathedral. South front 99

66. Burgos Cathedral. West front 101

67. Cathedral or Duomo of Siena. West front 102

68. Church of St. Francis at Assisi. Apse and cloisters 103

69. Church of St. Ouen at Rouen. Central tower and apse,
south front 106

70. Albi Cathedral. Plan 108

71. Albi Cathedral. Section of the nave 111

72. Albi Cathedral. Apse 113

73. Albi Cathedral. Donjon tower and south front 114

74. Church of Esnandes. A fortified church 116

75. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. Flying buttresses of the choir 118

76. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. Plan of the choir 119

77. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. Details of the apse 120

78. Alençon Cathedral. West front 122

79. Façade of the Cathedral of St. Sophia. Island of Cyprus 123

80. Cathedral of St. Nicholas. Island of Cyprus 124

81. Cathedral of St. Nicholas. Island of Cyprus 126

82. Church of St. Sophia. Island of Cyprus. Ruins 127

83. Steeple, Vendôme 129

84. Giotto's Tower at Florence 130

85. Bayeux Cathedral. Towers of the west front 132

86. Senlis Cathedral. South tower of west front 133

87. Salisbury Cathedral. Steeple 135

88. Church of Langrune (Calvados). Steeple 136

89. Church of the Jacobins at Toulouse. Tower 138

90. Church of St. Pierre at Caen. Tower 140

91. Church of St. Michel at Bordeaux. Tower 141

92. Cathedral of Freiburg-im-Breisgau 142

93. Antwerp Cathedral 143

94. Rheims Cathedral. Statues of west front 154

95. Rheims Cathedral. Statues of west front 155

96. Rheims Cathedral. Statues of west front 156

97. Rheims Cathedral. Principal door. Statue and ornament 157

98. Rheims Cathedral. Principal door. Statue and ornament 158

99. Notre Dame de Paris. Principal door. Running leaf pattern 159

100. Notre Dame de Paris. Principal door. Running leaf pattern 160

101. Chartres Cathedral. Statues of north porch 161

102. Chartres Cathedral. Statues of south porch 162

103. Amiens Cathedral. Central porch of west front 163

104. Amiens Cathedral. Statues in the south porch 164

105. Amiens Cathedral. Choir stalls. Carved ornament 165

106. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. Ornament of cloisters 166

107. Wooden Statuette (thirteenth century). _Ateliers_ of La
Chaise Dieu, Auvergne 167

108, 108_a_. Two ivory statuettes. School of Paris 168, 169

109. Wooden Statuette (fourteenth century). School of Paris 170

110, 110_a_. Two ivory diptychs (fourteenth century). School
of the Ile-de-France 171

111, 111_a_. Ivory diptych and plaque (fourteenth century).
School of the Ile-de-France 172, 173

112. Head in silver gilt repoussé. _Ateliers_ of the
Goldsmith's Guild of Paris 174

113. Group carved in wood (fifteenth century). School of
Antwerp 175

114. Wooden statuette, painted and gilded (fifteenth century) 176

115. Wooden statuette, painted and gilded (sixteenth century) 177

116. Paintings in Cahors Cathedral. Horizontal projection of
the cupola 180

117. Paintings in Cahors Cathedral. One of the prophets in the
cupola 182

118. Paintings in Cahors Cathedral. Fragment of central frieze
of cupola 184

119, 120. Painted windows of the early twelfth century. From
St. Rémi, Rheims 187

121. Painted window of the twelfth century. Church of
Bonlieu, Creuse 188

122. Painted window of the thirteenth century. Chartres
Cathedral 189

123. Painted window of the thirteenth century. Chartres
Cathedral 190

124. Painted window of the thirteenth century. Church of St.
Germer, Troyes 191

125. Painted windows of the fourteenth century. Church of St.
Urbain, Troyes 193

126. Painted glass of the fourteenth century. Cathedral of
Châlons-sur-Marne 194

127. Painted window of the fifteenth century. Évreux Cathedral 195

128. Enamel of the eleventh century. Plaque cover of a MS. 196

129. Enamel of the thirteenth century. Plaque cover of an
Evangelium 198

130. Enamel of the twelfth century. Reliquary shrine of St.
Thomas à Becket 199

131. Enamel of the sixteenth century. Our Lady of Sorrows 200

132. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. Cloister (thirteenth century) 206

133. Abbey of Cluny. Gateway 216

134. Abbey of Cluny. Plan 219

135. Abbey of Cluny. Door of the Abbey Church 221

136. Abbey of St. Étienne at Caen. Façade 228

137. St. Alban's Abbey (England) 230

138. Abbey of Montmajour. Cloisters 231

139. Abbey of Elne. Cloisters 232

140. Abbey of Fontfroide. Cloisters 233

141. Abbey of Maulbronn (Wurtemberg). Plan 235

142. Abbey of Fontevrault. Kitchen 236

143. Cathedral of Puy-en-Velay. Cloisters 237

144. Abbey of La Chaise Dieu (Auvergne). Cloisters 239

145. _Chartreuse_ of Villefranche de Rouergue. Plan 242

146. _Chartreuse_ of Villefranche de Rouergue. Bird's-eye view 243

147. _Grande Chartreuse._ The Great Cloister 244

148. _Grande Chartreuse._ General View 245

149. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. General View 248

150. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. Plan at the level of the
entrance 249

151. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. Plan at the level of the
lower church 250

152. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. Plan at the level of the
upper church 252

153. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. Section from north to south 253

154. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. Section from west to east 254

155. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. Crypt known as the _Galerie
de l'Aquilon_ 256

156. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. North front 257

157. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. The almonry 258

158. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. A tympanum of the cloisters 259

159. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. The cellar 260

160. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. Refectory 262

161. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. Hall of the knights 263

162. St. Michael's Mount, Cornwall 264

163. Abbey of Mont St. Michel. Gate-house 270

164. City of Carcassonne. South-east ramparts 273

165. City of Carcassonne. North-west ramparts 274

166. Fortress of Kalaat-el-Hosn. Section 277

166_a_. Fortress of Kalaat-el-Hosn. General view 278

167. City of Carcassonne. Plan of the thirteenth century 279

168. City of Carcassonne. Ramparts, south-west angle 280

169. Ramparts of Aigues-Mortes, north and south 281

170. Ramparts of Avignon. Curtain and towers 282

170_a_. Machicolations 283

171. Ramparts of St. Malo 284

172. Mont St. Michel. South front 287

173. Mont St. Michel. As restored on paper 288

174. Castle of Angers 292

175. Carcassonne. Citadel 293

176. Loches Castle. Keep 294

177. Falaise Castle. Keep 297

178. Lavardin Castle. Keep 298

179. Keep of Aigues-Mortes 299

180. Provins Castle. Keep 300

181. Castle, Chinon 302

182. Castle, Clisson. Keep 303

183. Castle. Villeneuve-les-Avignon 304

184. Castle of Tarascon 305

185. Vitré Castle 307

186. City of Carcassonne. Castle gate 310

187. City of Carcassonne. Gate of the Lists 312

188. City of Carcassonne. Gate known as the _Porte Narbonaise_ 313

189. Ramparts of Aigues-Mortes. Drawbridge 314

190. Ramparts of Dinan. Gate known as the _Porte de Jerzual_ 315

191. Vitré Castle. Gate-house 317

192. Ramparts of Guérande. Gate known as the _Porte St.
Michel_ 318

193. Ramparts of Mont St. Michel. Gateway known as the
_Porte du Roi_ 320

194. Entrance to the Port of La Rochelle 322

195. Bridge at Avignon 323

196. Bridge of Montauban 325

197. Bridge of Cahor 326

198. Bridge of Orthez 327

199. Fortified bridge. Mont St. Michel 328

200. Town-hall at St. Antonin (Tarn et Garonne) 334

201. Barn at Perrières (Calvados) 335

201_a_. Barn at Perrières (Calvados). Section 336

201_b_. Barn at Perrières (Calvados). Plan 336

202. Tithe-barn at Provins 337

203. Granary of the Abbey of Vauclair 338

204. Hospital of St. John, Angers 339

205. Abbey of Ourscamps (Oise) 340

206. Lazar-house at Tortoir (Aisne) 341

207. Hospital at Tonnerre. Section 343

208, 208_a_. Houses at Cluny 347, 348

209, 210. Houses at Vitteaux and at St. Antonin 349

211, 212. Houses at Provins and at Laon 350, 351

213. House at Cordes. Albigeois 352

214. House at Mont St. Michel 354

215, 216. Wooden houses at Rouen and at Andelys 355, 356

217. Hôtel Lallemand at Bourges 357

218. Jacques Cœur's house at Bourges 358

219. Town-hall of Pienza, Italy 361

220. Town-hall and belfry at Ypres 363

221. Market and belfry at Bruges 365

222. Town-hall of Bruges 366

223. Town-hall at Louvain 368

224. Belfry of Tournai (Belgium) 370

225. Belfry of Ghent (Belgium) 371

226. Belfry at Calais (France) 374

227. Belfry of Béthune (France) 376

228. Belfry of Évreux (France) 377

229. Belfry of Avignon (France) 378

230. Belfry gate known as _La Grosse Cloche_, Bordeaux 379

231. Cloth hall known as _La Loge_, Perpignan 381

232. Bishop's Palace at Laon 382

233. Archbishop's Palace at Albi. Plan 383

234. Archbishop's Palace at Albi. General view 384

235. Palace of the Popes at Avignon. Plan 385

236. Palace of the Popes at Avignon. General view 387

GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE