Chapter VI (2)

As the jumper approaches the bar he runs as fast as he can, and in picture No. 2 he reaches the take-off with his left foot. His heel strikes first (as may clearly be seen from the heavy mark underneath it), and gives the power for the jump. The toe merely gives direction to the motion imparted by the heel and the big shin muscle which connects with the heel. The leap has now begun, and with the right foot rising the jumper begins to sail over the bar. His line of travel is a perfect semicircle, beginning at the take-off, and ending in the soft ground on the other side at exactly the same distance from the base-line of the posts. No. 3 shows him still rising from the ground, his right foot giving the direction of the leap. The muscles of the arms and back are now just coming into play to raise the torso and the left leg--and all the time the eye is firmly fixed on the bar. In No. 4 the right foot is just passing over the handkerchief, and the arms and back are seen straining with the exertion of bringing up the left leg. Notice that muscle of the neck. It connects with the muscles of the side and abdomen, and these harden like steel to force the quick motion that has to be made to lift that side of the body. The strain on this neck muscle and the working of the back and arms are even better displayed in No. 5, where the left leg is almost up, and is about to clear the bar. Considerable practice is required for this motion, because it has to be done very quickly. The left foot has to be brought in very close to the right thigh, and yet the sharp spikes must be kept from tearing the flesh. Note how the eye is constantly on the bar.

In the next picture, No. 6, the bar has been cleared, the whole body is over, and the right leg has dropped. It is now no more used, except as a balance to the body, the entire work of the jump, as before stated, being done with the left leg. The jumper's eye is still fixed on the bar, and not until he is well over it, as shown in No. 7, does he remove his gaze. As he clears the stick his back muscles give a twist to his flying form, and his right arm thrown into the air aids him in turning, so that he will fall facing the bar. The left leg has now passed the right, and is making ready to sustain the weight of the body on landing, while the right is thrust slightly backward to sustain a proper equilibrium. The strain on the back and arms is relaxed. In No. 8 he is just about to land, and the camera has given us a beautiful display of the looseness of the arm muscles, showing the right arm still in the air and about to drop as soon as the feet strike the ground. The body is lying along the curve of the semicircle through which the jump has been made.

The bar in all these pictures was at 5 ft. 8 in., and each photograph necessitated a separate jump. This alone is enough to show in what excellent form the young athlete worked, for a kinetoscope could not have caught his separate actions in one leap to better effect than these photographs have shown them in eight different leaps. The ninth picture is a portrait of the clever young athlete, who is shown in action in all the others. He is S. A. W. Baltazzi, of the Harvard School of this city, who holds the interscholastic high-jumping record not only of the N.Y.I.S.A.A., but of the United States. At the Interscholastics last May he cleared 5 ft. 11 in., but since then he has covered 6 ft. in practice, and I have no doubt that he will defeat the Englishman who is coming over to represent the London Athletic Club at the international games this fall. Baltazzi is seventeen years old, and weighs 135 pounds. He began jumping while at St. Paul's School, Garden City, in 1891, and won first in a school competition with 4 ft. 9 in. At the school games of 1892 he took first, with a jump of 5 ft. 1/2 in., and in 1893, as a member of the Harvard School, he established the in-door scholastic record of 5 ft. 3-1/2 in., at the Berkeley School winter games. The following year, at the same games, he raised the record to 5 ft. 6-1/2 in., and subsequently took first in the Wilson and Kellogg games with a jump of 5 ft. 5 in. At the Interscholastics of 1894, Baltazzi and Rogers tied for first place at 5 ft. 9 in., breaking Fearing's Interscholastic record of 5 ft. 8-1/2 in. In September of that year he won first at Travers Island, jumping 5 ft. 7 in., and later in the winter he took first in the Barnard games with 5 ft. 8 in. Having taken first in the Berkeley, Poly. Prep., and Columbia College handicap games of 1895, he lifted the Interscholastic mark up to 5 ft. 11 in. at the Berkeley Oval in May. The following week, at the Inter-city games, he cleared 5 ft. 10-1/4 in., and took first at the N.Y.A.C. spring games with the same figure. Baltazzi expects to enter Columbia College this fall; and if he does, there are five points sure for the New-Yorkers at Mott Haven for some years to come.

The picture printed on this page is a reproduction of a photograph taken of G. B. Fearing, the Harvard high jumper, in 1892. Fearing held the record of the N.Y.I.S.A.A. until Rogers and Baltazzi broke it in 1894. His form was entirely different from Baltazzi's. As he clears the bar in this picture, both his feet appear to be curled up under his body, and his head is thrown forward and down. He seems to be almost reclining on his side, whereas Baltazzi makes the leap with his body practically perpendicular, although he necessarily bends forward in the motion which lifts the torso over the stick. Fearing's form as displayed in this photograph does not give the same idea of power and assurance as that shown by Baltazzi.

The prospects for record-breaking in the N.Y.I.S.A.A. next year are not very bright, for most of the record-breakers are leaving school. Besides Baltazzi, Tappin, the mile runner of Cutler's winning team, will go to Columbia. Yale will get Meehan, who is a clever half-miler, Ayres, the hammer-and-shot man of Condon's, Powell, the bicyclist, and Hackett, the mile walker. The first three in this last group hold United States interscholastic records in their events. Princeton's track team will no doubt secure three of Barnard's best athletes, Syme, Simpson, and Moore, whereas Harvard will only get one good man from the N.Y.I.S.A.A., Irwin-Martin. Cowperthwaite, broad jumper, and Beers, who holds the high hurdling record, will also leave school for college. This will make room for new men, and ought to be a good thing for the association.

A correspondent suggests that the schools of New York--and I don't see why it would not be just as good an idea for schools of other cities--hold an interscholastic bicycle meet this fall. At first thought this sounds like a very good scheme. There are few scholars, comparatively, who are strong enough, or who have the inclination to play football, and now that use of the bicycle has become so universal these could devote the fall season to preparation for a bicycle contest. Far be it from my intention to suggest to even the weakest football-player that he give up the gridiron for the bicycle; but I have seen so many young men standing around football fields watching the game, with no ability or desire to participate in it, that I welcome the suggestion of making the autumn a bicycle season too.

It is very probable that the inter-collegiate association will do away with bicycles at the Mott Haven games next spring. If they do, the interscholastic associations will no doubt follow suit, and then the wheelmen will find themselves, to a certain extent, out of it, if they have not already prepared for separate contests. It is right that bicycle events should be excluded from track and field meetings, because a running track is not the proper place for a bicycle race. Bicycle races, however, ought not to be given up entirely or left to professionals, because such racing is productive of good sport. The best course to pursue under the circumstances, then, is to have a meet especially for bicyclists. I am sure there are enough wheelmen in the schools to make it worth while, and the fall season with cold days and bracing air is just the time for such sport.

If a bicycle field day cannot be gotten up this fall, there is no reason why there should not be an interscholastic road race. The executive committee of the N.Y.I.S.A.A. could easily arrange such a contest, and offer a pennant to the winning school. Let each school of the association enter two riders, and let the managers of the race adopt a course. This can be easily done by looking over the back numbers of Harper's Round Table, and choosing a good road from one of the many bicycle maps of the vicinity of New York that have recently been printed. This would be a novelty in the way of school contests, in this section at least, although it is quite a common event with the California school associations.

THE GRADUATE.

This Department is conducted in the interest of stamp and coin
collectors, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question
on these subjects so far as possible. Correspondents should
address Editor Stamp Department.

Thirty years ago there were probably fifty coin-collectors where there is one to-day. As a consequence coins have now little value unless they are, first, coins of great rarity; or, second, scarce coins in absolutely uncirculated condition, or "mint state."

Dealers in coins whom I have questioned say that there is very little demand, and that in many instances they sell coins now at a lower price than they would have paid for them a generation ago. Further, if coins could be sold as quickly as stamps, they could afford to sell them at an even lower price. As it is, the interest on the capital locked up in stock and the cost of doing business are so large, that they make very little profit. The common obsolete coins (except U. S.) are bought by the dealers at the price of old metal. There is no money in collecting coin, but lots of fun.

JOS. GOLDSMITH.--The green 5c. Confederate unused is sold by
dealers at 50c. The value of common stamps by the million depends
on the assortment. If there is a fair quantity of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 8, 10, and 15c., etc., they bring a good price. For 1c. and 2c.
only there is little demand. Dealers' addresses are not given in
this column.

HELEN MACKAY.--The used 3d. Canada unperforated is quoted in
catalogues at 20c. on wove paper, $1 on laid paper, $1.50 on
ribbed paper.

L. M. I.--The current blue special-delivery is printed from the
same dies as the previous blue, but the lines have been deepened
and two cross lines added under the words TEN and CENTS.

WILLIE K.--No premium on the coins. The stamp is the 3c. blue 1869
U. S.

G. TARLETON.--U. S. fractional currency has no value beyond face
unless it is absolutely uncirculated. There ought to be a demand
for these interesting war relics, but practically there is none.
Dealers sell them at a small advance over face.

D. R. O'SULLIVAN.--There is no premium on the coins mentioned.
Rare coins if worn by use have very little value. High prices are
paid for rare coins if in "mint state," that is the condition when
the coins are new and uncirculated.

A. E. BARRON, Tarrytown, N. Y., wants to correspond and trade with
stamp-collectors. He has the beginning of a good collection.

H. B. THAW.--The Bloods Penny Post is catalogued at 50c. There are
three varieties of the Bloods Despatch worth from 15c. to $4 each.
The Adams Express is not a stamp. It is probably a trade-mark.

R. CRAIG.--State Revenues, as a rule, are collected only in the
State using them. General collectors do not buy them, and
consequently they are not catalogued.

A. LOWKOWSKY.--The letter-sheets will no longer be made. There are
eight main varieties--series 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and the first
issue without series number. They are not classed as stamps, but
as envelopes, and envelopes are not collected as generally as
adhesive stamps. I believe you can buy the $3, $4, and $5
Columbian stamps at face from the Washington, D.C., Post-office.

R. G. HUGHES.--It is a Colombian revenue stamp. These stamps are
not generally collected except in Colombia, and hence no value can
be given. Your sketch is admirably well done.

R. MOODY.--The stamp is the 3c. 1869 U. S., and is sold by dealers
at 2c. The coin has no premium.

LEWIS E. B.--If the coins are in mint condition the dealers will
probably buy at a premium. If not uncirculated they are worth face
only.

L. KENTON.--The coin and bank token do not command a premium.

P. B. EVANS.--The 10c. U. S. you mention is the 1861 issue if not
grilled. If grilled it is the 1868 issue. Your questions as to
values have been answered several times in this column. You can
get a late catalogue of any dealer at a small price.

M. N.--If in mint condition the dealers will buy, otherwise they
are worth face only.

ROBERT CRAIG.--Not worth more than face.

G. L. MURPHY.--Not generally collected in the U. S., hence no
value can be quoted.

A. MITTEL.--The coin is probably the William III. of England. The
stamp is the current 2c. postage-due.

A. BEE.--The unused U. S. and British North American Colonies
stamps issued before 1865 are all advancing in price rapidly. The
used stamps are also advancing, but slowly.

J. WOLFERT.--If the stamps you mention are in good condition I
would advise you to sell them by auction. Rarities bring a higher
price when all the big collectors compete for them. Common stamps,
on the other hand, do not bring catalogue price at auction.

W. J. HOLBECK.--The Mobile 5c. blue is quoted at $7.50. If on the
envelope do not take it off.

J. ADAMS.--The present $1 black U. S., it is said, will soon be
printed in another color. The 8c. with triangular ornaments is on
sale at many offices. No copies have yet been seen with the
white-framed triangular ornaments.

FRANK T.--Almost any dealer can supply you with a complete set of
the U. S. stamps (cancelled) showing die varieties between
1870-1882. It consists of the 1c., 3c., 6c., 7c., 10c., and 12c.,
and, counting shades, numbers about twenty stamps. Prices vary.

M. C. WRIGHT.--The best way is to go to responsible stamp-dealers,
look over their stock, and take no damaged stamps at any price,
however low.

ROUND TABLE.--I do not know to what "1894 penny" you refer. The
dimes have no premium.

S. T. DODD.--Yes. The present issue of U. S. will probably all be
printed on water-marked paper.

PHILATUS.

War-time Memories.

My grandmamma is an old lady, and lived in Atlanta, Ga., at the
time Sherman and his soldiers, on their famous march to the sea,
took possession of that city. She buried her plate and valuables
under the house. Her husband was away in the service of the
Confederate Army, and she was left alone with two or three little
children.

One night two young officers came and knocked on the door,
demanding admittance, which she refused. They grew angry and made
some terrible threats. Grandmamma had an army musket in the house.
She told them if they didn't desist she would fire through the
door at them. After some further parley they left. But they
returned the next morning and told her she was the spunkiest
little woman they ever saw.

One day grandmamma received some fresh sausage from the country.
Presently in entered a man wearing the blue. He took those sausage
and stuffed his pockets full. On the table was a large sugar-bowl,
filled. He picked it up and carried it away, dipping the raw
sausage in the sugar and eating it.

Finally, grandmamma obtained guards to protect the house. One cold
night one of the guards was dozing in front of the fire when in
stalked a huge Indian. Planting himself in front of the fire, he
began to act and talk in a shocking way. The guard promptly
ejected him.

Such were a few of the many experiences of my grandmother during
the "times that tried men's souls."

Correspondents wanted.

HARRY R. WHITCOMB.
UMATILLA, FLA.

On the La Viga Canal.

I will tell you about our big canal, La Viga. At the park called
the "Zocalo" one takes the tram. After going through a good many
dirty streets the tram lands you at the "Embarcadero," a clean
spot, where you get into flat-boats that look like barges. The
first town you come to is called Jamaica. Here there are lots of
canoes filled with vegetables, which are very cheap indeed. Along
the route you usually meet women in canoes selling tamales. These
are made of corn boiled, crushed, some "chile" added, and then the
whole put into cornhusks. They are good eating. The next town you
come to is Santa Anita, where you get off, if you wish, eat some
tamales, and drink some pulque. Leaving Santa Anita, you reach, a
little way out, what used to be floating gardens--now delightful
places for picnics.

R. L. MILLER, JUN.
CITY OF MEXICO.

ADVERTISEMENTS.

Highest of all in Leavening Power.--Latest U. S. Gov't Report.

HARPER'S NEW CATALOGUE,

Thoroughly revised, classified, and indexed, will be sent by mail to any address on receipt of ten cents.

This Department is conducted in the interest of Bicyclers, and the
Editor will be pleased to answer any question on the subject. Our
maps and tours contain much valuable data kindly supplied from the
official maps and road-books of the League of American Wheelmen.
Recognizing the value of the work being done by the L. A. W. the
Editor will be pleased to furnish subscribers with membership
blanks and information so far as possible.

The map this week shows the macadamized and asphalted streets in Philadelphia and its vicinity; and for all bicycle-riders who live near the Quaker City, or who think of going there, this map will prove of great value. It will be very easily seen that Philadelphia is eminently adapted to bicycling. In the first place, Broad Street runs from League Island entirely through the city, and out to the Willow Grove turnpike on the north. To get in and out of Philadelphia either to the south or the north, therefore, one needs but to take the shortest route to Broad Street, which is kept in admirable condition. Furthermore, one can get with the utmost ease to the river--_i. e._, the Delaware--by turning from Broad Street either down Chestnut, Walnut, Locust, Spruce, or Pine. The Market Street ferry is perhaps best reached by taking Chestnut Street, and then turning a block north just before reaching the river.

In making this map it has been found advisable, for the better clearness of the reproduction, to omit a good many unimportant streets in the heart of the city. Every asphalted or macadamized street in Philadelphia is given, but in many cases other streets are omitted, or every alternate street is given. The wheelman who studies the map may very likely count a certain number of blocks on the map to the place where he wishes to go, and in that case he would be somewhat mystified in making this map agree with his count. Names are given in the case of macadam or asphalt streets, and you have only to watch for those names on the signs to find any place in the city and to keep the situation before your eyes.

Within the next few weeks we intend to publish certain of the best trips in the vicinity of Philadelphia, and it will be important to study this map, in connection with those, to discover the best method of getting out of the city in different directions. For example, to get out to Fairmount Park from the public buildings, run north on Broad Street from the buildings to Spring Garden Street, thence turning left, proceed to or across the river--the Schuylkill. In either case, turn to the right immediately before or after crossing, and the run is direct to the park. By not crossing, and following the river up through the park, you will come to the Wissahickon road. By crossing, and running out Belmont Avenue, you get into Montgomery County, and so out of the city. Germantown may be reached by the Wissahickon road or by keeping straight to the northward on Broad Street until you reach Tioga Street. Turning left into this, you soon run into the Chestnut Hill road, and can keep to this until entering Germantown at School Lane. All through Germantown, and out to the north and westward there are beautiful roads of macadam that it is a pleasure to ride over.

Turning in the other direction, the rider, by bearing to the right into Rising Sun Lane from Broad Street, will have a clear course out of Philadelphia to the northeastward. By turning right into Lehigh Avenue, and continuing over Belgian block pavement to Kensington Avenue, he will run into Frankford, which is the way he has come from New York. The roads out of Camden on the other side of the Delaware are clearly marked. Crossing the Market Street ferry, you go south by Broadway or north by Pea Shore road, and by studying the map the rider will see where are the best roads for reaching Essington, Derby, Lansdown, and Haverford on the southwest.

Note.--Map of New York city asphalted streets in No. 809. Map of
route from New York to Tarrytown in No. 810. New York to Stamford,
Connecticut, in No. 811. New York to Staten Island in No. 812. New
Jersey from Hoboken to Pine Brook in No. 813. Brooklyn in No. 814.
Brooklyn to Babylon in No. 815. Brooklyn to Northport in No. 816.
Tarrytown to Poughkeepsie in No. 817. Poughkeepsie to Hudson in
No. 818. Hudson to Albany in No. 819. Tottenville to Trenton in
820. Trenton to Philadelphia in 821.

SPEED.

One who has made a study of the subject states that the average rates of speed attained by certain travelling things, are as follows: A man walks three miles an hour; a horse trots seven; steamboats run eighteen; sailing vessels make ten; slow rivers flow four; rapid rivers flow seven; storms move thirty-six; hurricanes, eighty; a rifle ball, one thousand miles a minute; sound, eleven hundred and forty-three; light, one hundred and ninety thousand; electricity, two hundred and eighty thousand.

* * * * *

A GOOD CHILD

is usually healthy, and both conditions are developed by use of proper food. The Gail Borden Eagle Brand Condensed Milk is the best infant's food; so easily prepared that improper feeding is inexcusable and unnecessary.--[_Adv._]

ADVERTISEMENTS.

Arnold

Constable & Co.

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SPECIAL.

Manufacturer's Sample Pieces

Fine Swiss, Nainsook, and Cambric

EMBROIDERIES

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NEW YORK.

Walter Baker & Co. Limited.

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=Caution:= In view of the many imitations of the labels and wrappers on our goods, consumers should make sure that our place of manufacture, namely, =Dorchester, Mass.=, is printed on each package.

* * * * *

SOLD BY GROCERS EVERYWHERE.

* * * * *

WALTER BAKER & CO. LTD. DORCHESTER, MASS.

COLUMBIA

QUALITY

always maintained. Far more Columbia bicycles than ever this year. Far more care that no imperfect Columbias go out.

=$100 for a Columbia means $200 of pleasure and satisfaction.=

* * * * *

Pope Manufacturing Co.

General Offices and Factories, Hartford, Conn.

BRANCH STORES: Boston, New York, Chicago, Providence, Philadelphia, Buffalo, Brooklyn, Baltimore, Washington, San Francisco.

Postage Stamps, &c.

100 all dif. Venezuela, Costa Rica, etc., only 10c.; 200 all dif. Hayti, Hawaii, etc., only 50c. Ag'ts wanted at 50 per ct. com. List FREE!

=C. A. Stegmann=, 2722 Eads Av., St. Louis, Mo.

=STAMPS!= =300= fine mixed Victoria, Cape of G. H., India, Japan, etc., with fine Stamp Album, only =10c.= New 80-p. Price-list =free=. _Agents wanted_ at =50%= commission. STANDARD STAMP CO., 4 Nicholson Place, St. Louis, Mo. Old U. S. and Confederate Stamps bought.

WONDER CABINET =FREE=. Missing Link Puzzle, Devil's Bottle, Pocket Camera, Latest Wire Puzzle, Spook Photos, Book of Sleight of Hand, Total Value 60c. Sent free with immense catalogue of 1000 Bargains for 10c. for postage.

INGERSOLL & BRO., 65 Cortlandt Street N. Y.

HARPER'S PERIODICALS.

Per Year:

HARPER'S MAGAZINE _Postage Free_, $4.00
HARPER'S WEEKLY " 4.00
HARPER'S BAZAR " 4.00
HARPER'S ROUND TABLE " 2.00

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_Booksellers and Postmasters usually receive subscriptions. Subscriptions sent direct to the publishers should be accompanied by Post-office Money Order or Draft._

* * * * *

HARPER & BROTHERS, Franklin Square, N. Y.

A Good Natural History Morsel.

Vacation and moth-time come hand in hand the first week in July.
The boys of the neighborhood come yelling from school to eat
supper and go to bed to be up at six o'clock. At six o'clock
around comes a man with a leather pouch filled with carbon sticks.
One by one the boys, some on bicycles, some on foot, begin to
follow him. Let us suppose we have joined the procession. We come
to an electric light. As the light is let down the boys begin to
jump up and down, yell, push, etc., to get first pick.

The man takes a fine brush and quickly cleans the globe. As the
insects fall to the ground there is a general scramble. We are
lucky enough to get a fine specimen of a Luna, and start for home
to save us from getting mobbed. One of the most common of the
large moths found in the globes is the Luna (_Attacus luna_). The
spread of the wings is from three to four inches. The general
color is a beautiful tint of green. The edges of the fore wings
are brown, the streak crossing the body. There are four eye spots,
one on each wing. A white furry body and light golden antennae
complete the colors of this beautiful, delicate moth.

Another of the beautiful moths is the Cecropia (_Attacus
cecropia_). The general color is a beautiful brown, and the usual
eye spots are prevalent. The Io (_Saturnia Io_) is a rival of the
Luna in beauty. It is of a deep yellow with purplish-red markings
and the usual eye spots. The Attacus Prometheus and Polyphemous
moths are occasionally found in the globe. The most common victims
are the Sphinx moths, who have a very long name, _Macroscla
quinquemaculata_.

ALBERT W. ATWATER, R.T.K.
SPRINGFIELD, Mass.

Facts About Alaskan Indians

Some time since, Sir Knight James F. Rodgers, of Tiffin, Ohio, wrote us: "A man gave an illustrated lecture on Alaska at our school-house. He said, 'That when a girl arrives at the age of fourteen she is taken to the mountains and confined in a house for one year; when a girl arrives at the age of eighteen her parents put a wooden button in her lower lip; that the people worship the white crow.' Are these statements true?"

In reply, Mr. O. T. Mason, Curator of the Department of Ethnology in the National Museum, Washington, very kindly says: "I take special pleasure in answering the inquiries of James F. Rodgers, of Tiffin, Ohio. He may have misunderstood the lecturer somewhat, and, therefore, without characterizing it, say, first, that among all savage tribes in the world there is a custom of separating young women when they come to be of marriageable age. These customs differ from tribe to tribe, and the length of time of their separation varies. There are no high mountains in Alaska, and one year seems to be rather a long period, yet the general fact remains; secondly, a button of wood, or ivory, or stone, called a labret, is placed in the lower lip of girls, in some tribes of boys, in other of both. Among the Eskimo and the Indians of Alaska, as the child grows older and the orifice becomes enlarged, a stone or block of wood of greater and greater size is inserted, until I have seen a block at least 2-1/2 inches in diameter taken from the lip of an old woman. The Botocudos of South America, on the Amazon, are especially curious in this regard, for they not only insert enormous blocks in their lips, but also in the lobe of the ear, until it falls upon the shoulder; thirdly, as to the worship of the Alaskan natives, it should be said that there are two kinds of natives in Alaska--Eskimo and Indians. The Eskimo have one sort of primitive religion, the Indians quite another sort. It does not convey exactly the right idea to us that the natives worship anything, certainly it is very far from the truth to say that anybody in Alaska worships the white crow.

"The Indians of Alaska, like the other Indians of America, are divided up in their tribal relations into bands or clans called 'Totems,' and these are generally named after some prominent animal of the region. Great respect is paid to these animals, and frequently the clan refrains from eating the whole or a portion of the totemic animal. It is a very interesting study. I cannot find out that the Eskimos have any definite names for the objects of which they stand in awe. They have among them a class of men called 'Shammans,' who believe in spirits and practise certain rules for the influencing and controlling these spirits. The same worship is common all over Siberia and northern Europe. None of these people have an organized form of worship. Such a thing would be impossible in a country so forlorn and cold."

Kinks.

No. 90.--BEN BOLT. (_A NEW VERSION._)

THIRTY PROPER NAMES CONCEALED.

O don't you remember old Sally, Ben Bolt,
Old Sally whose hair was so red,
Her matutinal cry of "Buy any shad?"
Racked our ears till we wished we were dead.
In a small back yard off the alley, Ben Bolt,
The miserly fish-wife of yore
Sits nursing her hord, while she counts once again
The same sheckles she counted before.

O don't you remember the streamlet, Ben Bolt,
Where the boys that played hookey from school
Sat snug on the banks eating taffy and pie,
Or bathed in the clear crystal pool.
But next day, perhaps, you remember, Ben Bolt,
We would fain for a bed negotiate,
Our respective papas had the evening before
Plied the rod at so lively a rate.

O don't you remember our teacher, Ben Bolt,
The man so averse to all fun?
No ham bone or sparerib sent up to our rooms
But he sniffed it and took it away.
Near the church round the corner they've laid him at last,
Where the willows 'n sympathy wave,
And the mocking-bird, chorister meet for a Czar,
Gently warbles a dirge o'er his grave.

* * * * *

No. 91.--PECULIAR WORD SQUARE.

1 10 11 2
4 * * 3
5 * * 6
8 9 12 7

1 to 2 is exalted reputation.
3 to 4 is one of the surfaces of a solid.
5 to 6 is a strain sung by a single voice.
7 to 8 is to repose or recline from labor.
1 to 8 is a snug abode.
9 to 10 is a summer drink extensively used.
11 to 12 is equivalent to 320 rods.
7 to 2 is a well-known and beautiful flower.

M. BEEMAN STOUT.
LYONS.

Answers to Kinks.

No. 89.

1. "Elm."--Holmes.
2. "Chestnut."--Holmes.
3. "Norway pines; larches."--Phebe Cary.
4. "Chestnuts."--Holmes.
5. "Spice-trees."--Holmes.
6. "Pine-tree."--Whittier.
7. "Pines."--Paul Hamilton Hayne.
8. "Pine-trees; oaks."--J. T. Trowbridge.
9. "Willow."--Holmes.
10. "Pine; elm."--Holmes.
11. "Hemlock."--Holmes.
12. "Hemlock-tree; hemlock-tree."--Longfellow.

Rabbits and Water

Victor Gage wanted to know the experience of others who have kept
rabbits. I have kept them for the last five years. I find that
they will not drink water if you feed them on clover, grass,
cabbage, lettuce, turnip tops, and other green plants. There is
always a little dew on this food. If there is much dew, they will
get enough water to last them all day, and often for three or four
days. On the other hand, if you feed them on dry food, such as
hay, oats, corn, stale bread, and other dry things, they will
generally drink water about two or three times a week, and
sometimes every day.

I keep my rabbits in a house somewhat like the one Mr. Chase
illustrated in the Round Table some weeks ago. When it rains and
the rabbits are thirsty, they will lick the drops of rain as they
run down the wire netting. I think that if Mr. Gage feeds his
rabbits on the dry food mentioned for four or five days and then
give them water, he will be convinced that rabbits do drink.

LION GARDINER.
CONCORD, N. H.

Questions and Answers.

Vincent V. M. Beede, East Orange, N. J., asks some members to describe some less common games of dominoes, and tell the origin of the game croquet. Let's have them in the form of morsels for printing. L. V. Riddle, 13 Roanoke Avenue, Jamaica Plain, Boston, Mass., is interested in botany, and wants to hear from Albert W. Atwater and all young naturalists and botanists. Ralph Cain, 1041 Santa Fe Street, Atchison, Kan., thinks it would be a capital idea to form an electrician Chapter about the Table, and would like to have other members join him. He hopes to become an electrical engineer--an excellent direction for one's ambition just now, we think, for electricity is to be the motive power of the future far more than it is now. Knights of to-day who reach their threescore and ten in due time will see steam supplanted by it on our railways. Sir Ralph will find Callaud cells, duplicated for strength, the battery most used for sustained power. The arc light is the result of frictional not chemical electricity.

W. D. S.: What is the simplest and cheapest form of electric battery depends upon the use for which the battery is needed. Electricians use the blue-stone for telegraph or closed-circuit work; sal-ammoniac or Leclanche and other open-circuit batteries for electric bells and burglar-alarms; acid batteries, such as Grenet, Bunsen, and others, for electro-plating, and dry batteries for medical use. The cost is from $1.50 to $5 per cell. Books on electricity are divided into subjects. For instance, Ayrton's _Practical Electricity_ is a series of lectures for students, $2.50, while Mayer's work, at $3.50, treats wholly of telegraphy. Ask J. H. Bunnell & Co., 76 Cortlandt Street, N. Y., for their catalogue, which they send free if you mention the Round Table. Mary Newell Eaton, 197 South Lafayette Street, Grand Rapids. Mich., wants in-door games for persons of sixteen to twenty. She also wants to hear from any member who has visited or who now lives in Italy or China. She may send us the morsel she mentions.

* * * * *

Joseph H. Durant hopes we will publish a story every other week that young artists may illustrate. We could hardly find space for one so often, but we intend to offer some prizes for illustrations. Conditions will be announced soon. Sir Joseph must learn to use India ink or water-colors (black only). Pencil cannot be reproduced at all, and crayon but poorly. John H. Campbell, Jun., 413 School Lane, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa., wants to receive sample copies of amateur papers, to join corresponding clubs, and to hear from members in Germantown with a view of forming a local Chapter.

Smith Phillips sends us some odd epitaphs from tombstones in a cemetery at Brownsville, Pa. Such oddities are in many similar yards. It is in this cemetery, by-the-way, that the parents of James G. Blaine are interred. Speaking of cemeteries, can any one tell us why we use single slabs set up at the head of the grave, while in England and France, countries from which we borrowed most of our customs, one sees quite different marks of graves? Where did we get our idea? Who can tell the Table?

Ronald Chipchase thinks we should add swimming to our list of all-around sport events when we offer another medal. Lloyd Thomas asks how to make a simple telescope for use in studying astronomy. Better not make it at all. One that is of any real use can only be made by an expert, and is expensive. G. D. Galloway, Oakwood Place, Eau Claire, Wis., publishes the _Albermarle_, and wants to send you a sample. It is a neat eight-page amateur paper. Will Fred Hawthorne tell us about the fruits of Jamaica--what ones are ripe when he writes. Compare them, date for date, with their appearance in Massachusetts, and carefully describe those that we do not have. Sir Fred, we should explain, lives at "Mona Great House," Kingston, British West Indies.

CAMERA CLUB.

PAPERS FOR BEGINNERS, NO. 9.

TREATMENT OF UNDER-EXPOSED PLATES

By an "under-exposed plate" is meant a plate which has not been exposed long enough to the action of light for the objects to make a deep enough impression in the silver salts, or to cause the chemical change to take place which makes the perfect picture.

The normal development of an under-exposed plate results in a negative in which the high or white lights are very strong, and have a chalky appearance in the print, while the shadows have little or no detail; and where a plate has been much under-exposed, only clear glass is the result of the development. The reason why the high lights appear so harsh and strong is due to the fact that to get detail in the shadows the development is carried on till the high lights are very much over-developed and the film has become dense.

The practised amateur usually knows whether his plate has been under-exposed or not, and treats it accordingly. The beginner, not having learned how to gauge exposures correctly, must learn how to distinguish an under-exposed plate as soon as the developer begins to act on it, so that he may get a good, or fairly good, negative.

If a plate which has been under-exposed is placed in a normal developer, the high lights will be some time in coming out, and the shadows will not appear at all, or, if they do, will be very dim. If the development is continued in order to bring out detail, the plate is apt to fog, and is then spoiled entirely.

If the rest of the image does not follow the high lights in a reasonable length of time, take the plate from the developer and place it in clean water. It will do no harm if it stands in water for a few minutes, for water will bring out detail in an under-exposed plate.

Nothing has been said about the different kinds of developers, though they will be fully treated in later papers. The beginner should stick to one developer till he has learned just how to use it.

If one is using pyro, a fresh solution should be at once made up, using half the quantity of pyro given in the formula, and the full amount of the alkaline solution. The pyro is the developing agent, or that which gives the required strength or density, while the alkaline solution, containing the sulphite of soda, prevents the staining of the negative and preserves the pyro. After the development of the plate is finished turn off the solution, leave the plate in the tray, pour water over it, and allow it to stand for fifteen or twenty minutes, being careful that it is covered from the light.

If one uses hydrochinon, which is a favorite developing agent with amateurs, dilute the developer and add from three to seven drops of iodide solution. This solution is composed of 1 grain of iodine, 1 ounce of water, 1 ounce of alcohol. Mark the bottle "Accelerator." This solution hastens the development of the image and brings it up evenly, and the contrasts between the lights and shadows are made soft and delicate.

Copyright, 1895, by The Procter & Gamble Co., Cin'ti.

Plenty of fresh air, an abundance of sleep, a careful diet and the daily use of a good soap like the Ivory will purify the complexion as no cosmetic can.

EARN A TRICYCLE!

We wish to introduce our Teas, Spices, and Baking Powder. Sell 30 lbs. and we will give you a Fairy Tricycle; sell 25 lbs. for a solid Silver Watch and Chain; 50 lbs. for a Gold Watch and Chain; 75 lbs. for a Bicycle; 10 lbs. for a Beautiful Gold Ring. Express prepaid if cash is sent for goods. Write for catalog and order sheet.

W. G. BAKER,

SPRINGFIELD, MASS.

OFFICIAL ANNOUNCEMENT of the award on

=GILLOTT'S PENS= at the Chicago Exposition.

=AWARD:= "For excellence of steel used in their manufacture, it being fine grained and elastic; superior workmanship, especially shown by the careful grinding which leaves the pens free from defects. The tempering is excellent and the action of the finished pens perfect."

(Signed) FRANZ VOGT, _Individual Judge_.

Approved: { H. I. KIMBALL, _Pres't Departmental Committee_.
{ JOHN BOYD THACHER, _Chairman Exec. Com. on Awards_.

=SEND for Catalogue of= the =Musical Instrument= you think of buying. =Violins repaired= by the Cremona System. C. STORY, 26 Central St., Boston. Mass.

OUT-DOOR BOOKS

=PRACTICAL LAWN-TENNIS.= By JAMES DWIGHT, M.D. Illustrated. 16mo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.25.

=AMONG THE NORTHERN HILLS.= By WILLIAM C. PRIME, LL.D. 16mo, Cloth, Ornamental, Uncut Edges and Gilt Top, $1.00.

=ALONG NEW ENGLAND ROADS.= By WILLIAM C. PRIME, LL.D. 16mo, Cloth, Ornamental, Uncut Edges and Gilt Top, $1.00.

=I GO A-FISHING.= By WILLIAM C. PRIME, LL.D. Post 8vo, Cloth, $1.00; Paper, 50 cents.

=HOW WOMEN SHOULD RIDE.= By "C. DE HURST." Illustrated. 16mo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.25.

=FIELD-FARINGS.= A Vagrant Chronicle of Earth and Sky. By MARTHA MCCULLOCH WILLIAMS. 16mo, Cloth, Ornamental, Uncut Edges and Gilt Top, $1.00.

=FOLLY AND FRESH AIR.= By EDEN PHILLPOTTS. Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.25.

=SEEN FROM THE SADDLE.= By ISA CARRINGTON CABELL. With an Illustration. 32mo, Cloth, Ornamental, 50 cents.

=GLIMPSES OF NATURE.= By ANDREW WILSON. With 35 Illustrations. Post 8vo, Cloth, $1.25.

=AMERICAN FOOTBALL.= By WALTER CAMP. New and Revised Edition. Illustrated. 16mo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.25.

=A SPORTING PILGRIMAGE.= Riding to Hounds, Golf, Rowing, Football, Club and University Athletics. Studies in English Sport, Past and Present. By CASPAR W. WHITNEY. Copiously Illustrated. 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $3.50.

=RECREATIONS IN BOTANY.= By CAROLINE A. CREEVEY. Illustrated. Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.

=UPLAND AND MEADOW.= A Poaetquissings Chronicle. By C. C. ABBOTT. 12mo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.

=WASTE-LAND WANDERINGS.= By C. C. ABBOTT. 12mo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.

=FLY-RODS AND FLY-TACKLE.= Suggestions as to their Manufacture and Use. By HENRY P. WELLS. Illustrated. Small 4to, Cloth, Ornamental, $2.50.

=SALMON-FISHING.= The American Salmon-Fisherman. By HENRY P. WELLS. Illustrated. Small 4to, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.00.

=CITY BOYS IN THE WOODS;= or, A Trapping Venture in Maine. By HENRY P. WELLS. Illustrated. Square 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $2.50.

=CAMP LIFE IN THE WOODS=, and the Tricks of Trapping and Trap-Making. By W. HAMILTON GIBSON. Illustrated by the Author. Square 16mo. Cloth, $1.00.

=A FAMILY CANOE TRIP.= By FLORENCE WATTERS SNEDEKER. Illustrated. 32 mo, Cloth, Ornamental, 50 cents.

* * * * *

Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.

_The above works are for sale by all booksellers, or will be mailed by the publishers, postage prepaid, on receipt of the price._

CARAWAY SEEDS.

I'm going to plant these little seeds,
And some fine day I'll wake
To find a pretty spreading stalk
All bending down with cake.

HARD WORK.

"Well," said Jack, "vacation has begun, and I'm just as busy as ever."

"Doing what?" asked his father.

"Finding something to do," said Jack. "And I tell you, Daddy, it's hard work."

PROOF POSITIVE.

PERCY. "Don't two negatives make an affirmative?"

PAPA. "Yes, Percy."

PERCY. "Then I'm awful smart."

PAPA. "Why?"

PERCY. "Because the teacher says I'm a 'Know-nothing.'"

All great artists have queer experiences during their lives, which the biographer loves to dwell upon in his books of anecdotes. Here is one that occurred to the great pianist Paderewski in England. He received a polite letter from an invalid lady, asking him if he would spare the time to play her one piece during an afternoon, as her health would not permit of her going to any crowded concert-room, the letter closing with an offer of a half a guinea reward.

Paderewski replied with an invitation to call at his hotel, appointing an hour when he would receive her. The lady called, and Paderewski, after pleasantly greeting her, sat before his piano and played a prelude, a nocturne of Chopin, and Songs without Words.

The little impromptu concert over, the lady rose, thanked the virtuoso most graciously, and extended her hand to bid him adieu, slipping the promised half-guinea into his palm.

"Ah, what is this?" Paderewski inquired.

"Why," she said, sweetly, "it's the half-guinea I promised you."

"Now, I really believe," he answered, with a smile, "that I shall be able to get to the next town without it." And pleasantly returning the coin, he bowed the lady out.

Napoleon's smooth face was a sure evidence of his dislike for a beard. In some anecdotes of the Russian campaign there is a story told of the great Emperor and a poor but witty barber, who had occasion to shave him.

Napoleon had made a rather lengthy detour from the line of march with a detachment of officers. Arriving at a small village they refreshed themselves with a good meal and baths. Napoleon, wishing to be shaved, the village barber was called in. While the poor fellow strapped his razor and passed it industriously over the great Emperor's chin, he remained silent and seemingly melancholy, although performing his work with amazing rapidity and smoothness. When he had finished, Napoleon complimented him, remarking, "But, man, why do you wear such a melancholy face? You should be happy to have the privilege of shaving an Emperor."

"I am doubly happy, your Majesty."

"Then what is it that troubles you?"

"Alas, your Majesty, when I think of the Kings upon Kings and Emperors that have died without knowing what it was to be shaved by me, I am sad and melancholy."

"What did Washington mean when just, before the battle of Trenton he said, 'Put none but Americans on guard to-night?'" asked an Irishman, who was heatedly defending the valor of the Celtic race in general. "I'll tell you what he meant! He meant, 'Let the Irish sleep; I've work for them to-morrow.'"

BOBBY. "Mamma, I want you to crack me open."

MAMMA. "Why, my boy, what's the matter with you?"

BOBBY. "Papa said I was a bad egg. I don't believe it."

End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, July 30, 1895, by Various