Chapter VI: Act V: , Scene V

If thou speak'st false,
Upon the next tree shalt thou hang alive,
Till famine cling thee: if thy speech be sooth,
I care not if thou dost for me as much.
I pull in resolution; and begin
To doubt the equivocation of the fiend,
That lies like truth: "Fear not, till Birnam wood
Do come to Dunsinane:"--and now a wood
Comes toward Dunsinane.--Arm, arm, and out!--
If this, which he avouches, does appear.
There is nor flying hence, nor tarrying here.
I 'gin to be a-weary of the sun,
And wish the estate o' the world were now undone.--
Ring the alarum bell!--Blow wind, come wrack!
At least we'll die with harness on our back.

At the end of the half-hour the challenged party gave up. Need they have done so had _you_ been present to help them?

Any questions in regard to photograph matters will be willingly
answered by the Editor of this column, and we should be glad to
hear from any of our club who can make helpful suggestions.

TINTED TRANSPARENCIES.

Every amateur, no matter how successful he may be, now and then spoils a sensitive plate. Though the plate is rendered useless for a negative, it can be made into a pretty transparency with very little trouble. The spoiled plate must first be cleaned from the blackened silver. This is done by placing it in a solution called "Fanner's Reducer," which is prepared as follows:

Potassium ferricyanide 3 grs.
Hyposulphite of soda 30 "
Distilled water 4 oz.

Leave the plate in this solution till the silver is all dissolved and the gelatine film which covers the plate is perfectly clear. Rinse it thoroughly in running water, and immerse it for three minutes in a sensitive bath made of

Bichromate of ammonium 48 grs.
Distilled water 4 oz.

The plate may be cleared from the silver by a white light, but it must be immersed in the sensitive bath by a red light and dried in the dark, as it will discolor if exposed to the light. To make a positive picture on this prepared plate one must have a positive from which to print, and a paper print may be used, if one does not wish to make a positive on glass.

Print till the shadows are a deep brown and detail well out, then wash in clear water till all the brown tone has disappeared, and set the plate up to dry. When dry immerse in a color bath composed of 1/2 oz. of China blue, 1/4 oz. of oxalic acid, and 1 pint of water. The plate should be left in the coloring solution till it is a deeper tint than desired when dry, then wash in several changes of water till the water shows no trace of the coloring matter, and dry in a place free from dust. Place a cover glass over the film side of the transparency, and bind first with adhesive strips, which can be bought ready prepared, and then with ribbon, or one may use the frames which are made specially for transparencies.

Any color may be used instead of the China blue. Dragon's blood, carmine, green, mauve (which makes a beautiful violet tint), or any color which one prefers. It is very little trouble to make these transparencies, and they repay one for the work.

A member of the Camera Club asks how long eikonogen may be kept if
it is placed in a tin box; what kind of pictures are the best for
prizes; how engravings can be copied on celluloid; how to take a
picture with the camera pointed toward the window. Eikonogen
crystals are best preserved in a tightly stoppered glass bottle.
Eikonogen in solution may be kept a long time by the addition of
acid sulphite of soda, if the bottles are filled full and well
stoppered. Glass stoppers are better than corks. The kind of
pictures which are best for prize competitions depends on the style
of pictures for which prizes are offered. If the prize is for
figure studies, a single figure is better than a group, and a
simple subject much more attractive than one "dressed up" for the
occasion. In landscape pictures an extended view, unless unusually
fine, rarely wins even honorable mention. In making landscape
studies, for the picture as a picture, one cannot do better than to
study the best works of landscape artists, which are always to be
seen through photographic copies. It will be noticed that painters
follow the advice of Sidney Smith, and "take short views." Will our
correspondent please explain what he means by "engravings copied on
celluloid"? To take a picture with the camera pointed toward the
window use a non-halation plate and a small diaphragm. One way in
which to take a picture with the camera pointed toward the window
is to take a picture with the curtain or shutter closed, then open
them and make an exposure for the window which is, of course, much
shorter than for the interior. Our correspondent sends this formula
for eikonogen developer, which he says keeps a long time, and gives
more contrast than most developers: Sulphite of soda crystals, 180
grs.; hot water, 6 oz. When thoroughly dissolved add 60 grs. of
eikonogen. No. 2. Carbonate of potassium, 75 grs.; water 2 oz. To
develop take 3 oz. of No. 1 and 1 oz. of No. 2. In preparing
eikonogen developers the ingredients should be added to hot water,
and the eikonogen left till all the rest are dissolved.

MISS SARA L. MERRICK asks how to print photographs on
writing-paper, and if plain salted paper can be bought ready
sensitized. Plain salted paper cannot be bought ready prepared, but
it is easy to prepare after the formula given in the ROUND TABLE,
Nos. 796 and 803. To print on writing-paper, sensitize a strip at
the top of the sheet of paper, using unglazed paper, then print as
on any other paper, taking care that all parts, except where the
picture is to appear, are covered with black needle paper. The
whole of the sheet can be put into the toning solution, or simply
the part sensitized.

SIR KNIGHT STEPHEN W. HURST, Newark, N.J., asks for directions for
making lantern slides. Sir Stephen will find directions in Nos. 798
and 799 (February 12 and 19), and later we shall give some new
ideas on making and using lantern slides.

SIR KNIGHT JOHN DUNHAM asks how to transfer a negative of a steamer
to another negative. A note was sent to Sir John asking him to
explain just what he wished to do, and the query would be answered,
but the letter was returned, though bearing the address given, 1733
Vine Street, Philadelphia, Pa. If Sir John means transferring to a
clean glass, directions will be found in No. 856; if not, will he
kindly write again and explain a little more fully what he wishes
to know? There is no process by which a negative can be transferred
by electricity.

MISS FLORA J. WHEELER wishes to know what kind of a camera to
purchase, as she purposes to learn photography. A hand camera is
usually considered best for the beginner, as it is much easier
handled and managed than a tripod camera. A 4 by 5 is a good size
to begin with, and the lens may be used both for scenery and for
making figure studies. Most amateurs, unless far advanced in the
art, use only two lenses--one for portraiture, and the other for
out-door work. The beginner should use one lens, and learn what it
can do and cannot do before trying different lenses. With every
camera directions are given for its use, and also for developing
and printing. The papers for beginners published in the Camera Club
column will be found helpful. No. 1 was published in No. 812 (May
21, 1895). Any questions which Miss Wheeler wishes to ask in regard
to her work will be answered in this column.

SIR KNIGHT FREDERICK G. CLAPP asks what makes the zigzag streaks on
the film of a negative after it has been intensified, and if the
yellowish-olive color to which the plates turn when intensified
should wash out. Did Sir Frederick soak the negative in water
before immersing it in the intensifying solution? The plate should
be soaked till the film is wet, and when placed in the intensifier
it should be kept gently moving so that the chemicals may act
evenly. Try this method, and let the editor know the results. The
olive color of the negative does not always wash out, but, unless
too deep, does not injure the printing qualities of the plate.

SIR KNIGHT HENRY WENS, who asks for formula for stripping films
from broken plates, will find full directions in this number of the
Camera Club.

LETTERS FROM PRIZE-WINNERS.

Sir Knight Joseph Lovering writes: "Please accept my thanks for the check for $15 which you sent me for the prize in the photographic contest. I did not expect my picture to take a prize, and I was very much gratified when I received your letter." Sir Joseph took first prize in marines. Sir Joseph also asks if he will be allowed to compete next year, and if it is allowable to enter pictures in more than one class. Yes, to both questions.

Sir Knight Luke Murdock writes: "I received the prize sent me by Harper & Brothers, and although I tried to have my pictures look as nice as possible, I was much surprised that I took a prize. I was very much pleased, and I thank you heartily, and will endeavor to spend the money to the best advantage in a photographic line." Sir Knight Luke took second prize for Junior figure studies in Junior Class. His picture was entitled, "I Won't Stand Still."

Mrs. Nils Holm, Patron, who took second prize in figure studies Senior Class, writes that she never competed before, and was both surprised and pleased at her success, and should make more vigorous efforts than ever before.

Brisk exercise, a good quick rub,
An Ivory-Soap-and-water scrub,
With nerves restrung and muscles tense
The woman's new in every sense.

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* * * * *

HARPER & BROTHERS, Publishers, New York

* * * * *

HADN'T SEEN IT.

"My Pa says you can have your photograph took now so as to show nothing but your skeleton," said Bob.

"What's a skeleton?" asked Jack.

"I don't know exactly," said Bob, "but everybody has one."

"I haven't," returned Jack. "Leastways, if I have, I haven't never seen it."

* * * * *

A YANKEE'S IDEA OF THE ALPS.

An American was stopping in Rome, and one day he overheard some Europeans boasting about the beauty of the scenery of Europe. It grew so tiresome at last that he turned around and politely joined in the conversation, incidentally introducing some remarks about the grandeur of the Rocky Mountains, their height, etc.

"But," said one of the Europeans, "surely, Mr. American, you must have crossed the Alps Mountains when you came to Rome! What did you think of them?"

"Why, now you speak of them, I do remember passing over some rising ground, something that would probably require a tow-horse if a street-car line ran over it."

* * * * *

BOBBIE'S LATEST JOKE.

"I saw a pair of gaiters the other day that the bravest man living wouldn't dare to wear," said Bobbie.

"What kind were they?" asked Tommie.

"Alligators," said Bobbie.

* * * * *

A REMEDY.

"Poor little baby!", said Ethel, sympathizingly, as her new brother wept. "Mamma, why don't you give him some of that smoothing syrup?"

* * * * *

A GOOD REASON.

"I don't see why you sent me to bed for being just impudent," sobbed Wilbur.

"It is very easily explained," said his father. "You are impudent because you got out of bed on the wrong side this morning. I want you to go to bed for an hour, and then see if you can't get out on the right side."

* * * * *

A pun-loving little chap went to school the other morning with a dirty face, and when the teacher asked him why he didn't wash it, he said,

"Why, ma'am, I've got such a cold in my head I was afraid the water would freeze on my face."

* * * * *

HE TURNED.

"Right face! Left face! About face!"

The little fat red-faced sergeant bawled out his orders and watched the line of feet as the raw recruits endeavored to follow them out. To his astonishment, one pair of feet, more noticeable on account of their extra large size, never turned. Without taking his eyes off these feet, the little sergeant bawled out a second order, "About face!" He could see that all the feet except those he watched turned in obedience. Rushing up to the owner, a little fellow, he seized him by the shoulder, shouting, "Why don't you turn with the rest?"

"Why, I did," replied the trembling recruit.

"You did, eh? Well, I watched your feet, and they never moved."

"It's the shoes they gave me, sir," said the poor fellow. "They're so large that when I turn my feet turns in them."

* * * * *

QUITE A DIFFERENCE.

MAMMA. "I'm afraid my Polly is a very obstinate little girl."

POLLY. "No, I isn't, mamma; I'm a strong character."

* * * * *

A DIFFERENCE OF OPINION.

TEACHER. "Can any little boy tell me which is the longest day in the year?"

BILLY. "Some fellows say the day before Christmas is, and some say the day before the Fourth of July."

"OH, CHIMMIE! THERE'S SHEEPS AND CHICKENS AND GREEN TREES, AND THE GRASS IS COVERED WID DIAMONDS, AND A BEAUTIFUL LADY CARRYING A MILK-PAIL WID YELLER HAIR; HOLD ME UP JUST A MINIT LONGER, AND I'LL BLOW YER IN FER A WHOLE PIE."]

End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, March 31, 1896, by Various