Chapter XIV: Appendix: Itinerary of Henry II

This itinerary is based upon Eyton’s monumental work, the sources being, first, the definite statements of the chroniclers; secondly, the evidence of records, more particularly the Pipe Rolls, which prove the presence of the king at certain places in the course of the year but do not as a rule give an exact date; and thirdly, royal charters, which can be dated within certain limits by the names of the witnesses. Where the name of a place is given with a date in brackets, it indicates that the place was visited during the year under which it appears, but that the exact date is problematic. In cases where charters given at a particular place can be assigned with reasonable probability, but not with certainty, to a particular year, the place name is put in brackets.

1154

December 7 Barfleur

” 8 Coast of Hampshire
(Henry lands)

Winchester

” 19 Westminster
(coronation)

” 25 Bermondsey

1155

January 13 Oxford

[January, [Northampton]
February, York
March] Scarborough
[Lincoln]
[Peterborough]
[Thorney]
[Ramsey]
Nottingham

March [c. 27] London

April 10 Wallingford

[May, June] Cleobury
Wigmore
Bridgnorth

July 7 Bridgnorth

[July, August, [Worcester] September] [Salisbury]

September 20 Winchester

[October, Cricklade November, Woodstock December] Windsor

December 25 Westminster

1156

January 2-10 Dover

” [11-31] Wissant
[St Omer]

February 2 Rouen

” 5 near Gisors

[February-August] Anjou
Mirebeau, in
Poitou
Chinon, in
Touraine
Loudun, in
Touraine

[September 1] Saumur

[October] Limoges

December 25 Bordeaux

1157

[January-March] Normandy

April [c. 8] Barfleur
Southampton
London

[May] Ongar

May 19 Bury St.
Edmunds

” 23-28 Colchester

[June] [Thetford]
[Norwich]

July 17 Northampton

[July] The Peak
Chester

[August] North Wales

December 13 Gloucester

” 25 Lincoln

1158

[January] Carlisle

[February, [Blythe] March] [Nottingham] The Peak

April 20 Worcester

[April-August] [Evesham]
[Tewkesbury]
Gloucester
Wells
Cheddar
Brill
Clarendon
[Westminster]
Brockenhurst
Winchester

August 14 Portsmouth
(Henry
crosses to
Normandy)

[August] near Gisors

September 8 Argentan

[September] Paris

September 29 Avranches

October [c. 9] Nantes

[October] Thouars

[November] Le Mans

November 23 Mont St.
Michael

[November, Avranches
December] Bayeux
Caen
Rouen

December 25 Cherbourg

1159

[? April] Blaye in
Guienne
Poitiers

May 21-23 Bec Hellouin

” 24 Rouen

June 6-8 Hilliricourt

” 24 Poitiers

” 30 Perigueux

July 1-3 Agen

” [c. 5] Auvillards

July-September Toulouse [c. 26]

[October] Uzerche
Limoges
Beauvais

[November] Guerberoi
Estrepagny

December 25 Falaise

1160

Normandy

July Neufmarché

November 2 Neufbourg

December 25 Le Mans

1161

Normandy

March 1 Mortimer-en-Lions

[March] [Lions-la-Forêt]
Le Mans

[May, June] The Vexin
near Chateaudun

July-August Châtillon (? on 10 the Garonne)

[October] Fréteval

December 25 Bayeux

1162

February 25 Rouen

[March] Lillebone
Fécamp

[April] Rouen

[May] Falaise
Normandy

[September] Choisi on the
Loire

[December] Barfleur

December 25 Cherbourg

1163

January 25 Southampton

[February] Oxford
Salisbury

March 3-6 London

” 8 Westminster

” 17 Canterbury

” 19 Dover

” 31 Windsor

April Reading
Wallingford

[May] Wales

[June] Carlisle
York
Northampton

July 1 Woodstock

[July, August] London
Windsor

October 1, 2 Westminster

[October- Northampton
December Lincoln
The Peak
Gloucester
Oxford

December 25 Berkhampstead

1164

January 13-28 Clarendon

[March] Porchester
Woodstock

April 12 London

” 19 Reading

c. August 24-c. Woodstock September 10

September 14 Westminster

October 6-20 Northampton

December 24-26 Marlborough

1165

[February] [Westminster]

[March] Normandy

April 11 Gisors

” [15] Rouen

May Southampton
Surrey
Rhuddlan
Basingwerk

[July] Shrewsbury
Oswestry

[August] Powys
Chester

[September- Westminster December] Woodstock

December 25 Oxford

1166

February Clarendon

March [c. 20] Southampton

[April] Maine
Alençon
Roche-Mabille

April 24 Angers

May 10-17 Le Mans

June 1 Chinon

” 28 near Fougères

July 12-14 Fougères

[August, Rennes
September] Rédon
Combour
Dol
Mont St Michel
Thouars

[October, Caen
November] Touques
Rouen
Caen

November 18 Tours

” 20 Chinon

December 25 Poitiers

1167

January Guienne

February, March Gascony

April Auvergne

May Normandy

June 4 The Vexin

[July] Chaumont

[August] The Vexin
Rouen

September Brittany

October [Valognes]
Caen

November 26-December 4 Argentan

[December] Le Mans

December 25 Argentan

1168

January Poitou

[March] Normandy

April 7 Pacey

May Brittany
Vannes
Porhoet
Cornouaille

June Dinan
St. Malo
Heddé

” 24 Bécherell
Tinténiac

” 25 Leon

[July] La Ferté Bernard

[August Ponthieu
September] Brueroles
Neufchâtel
Norman frontier

[October] Perche

December 25-31 Argentan

1169

January 1 Argentan

” 6 Montmirail

March St. Germain-en-Laye
Poitou

[April] St. Machaire

May-July Gascony

August Angers

” 15 Argentan

” 23, 24 Damfront

” 31 Bayeux

September 1, 2 Bur-le-Roi

” 3-October Rouen

November 16 St. Denis

” 18 Montmartre

December 25 Nantes

1170

January Brittany

February 2 Séez

” [c. 25] Caen

March 3 Portsmouth

April 5 Windsor

” [c. 10] London

June 11 London

” 14, 15 Westminster

” [c. 24] Portsmouth
Barfleur

” [c. 30] Falaise

[July] Argentan

July 6 La Ferté Bernard

” 20, 22 Vendome near
Fréteval

August La Mote Garnier,
near
Damfront

September Roque Madour

October Tours

” 12 Amboise
Chaumont
Chinon

[November] Loches

November 23 Mont Luçon

” 26 Bourges

December 21 Bayeux

” 25 Bur-le-Roi

” 31 Argentan

1171

January 1-February [c. 10] Argentan

February [c. 11-25] Pont Orson

[March, April] [Brittany]

May 2-16 Pont Orson

[June, July] Normandy
Valognes

August 2 Portsmouth

” [c. 5] Winchester

September [c. 8] Welsh border

” 25 Pembroke

” 27 St. David’s

” 29-October 15 Pembroke

” 16 Milford Haven

” 17-31 Waterford

November 6 Cashel

” 11-December 31 Dublin

1172

January, February Dublin

March, April 1-16 Wexford

April 17 Portfinnan

” [19] Haverfordwest

” 21 Pembroke

” 22 Cardiff

April 23 Newport

” 24 Talacharn

May [c. 12] Portsmouth
Barfleur

” 16 Gorram, in
Maine

” 17 Savigny

” 21 Avranches

[June-August] Brittany

September [c. 29] Caen

[December] Le Mans

” 25-31 Chinon

1173

[January] Montferrand,
in Auvergne

February 21-28 Limoges

March [c. 1] Vigeois

” 5 Chinon

” 7 Alençon

” [c. 10] Gisors

April 4 St. Barbe

” 8 Alençon

April-June Rouen

[June, c. 25] Northampton

July Rouen

August 6, 7 Conches

” 8 Bréteuil,
Conches

” 9 Verneuil

” 10 Damville

” [c. 12-20] Rouen

” 22-29 Dol

September 8-15 Le Mans

” 25, 26 Gisors

[November] Anjou

November 30 Vendome

December 25 Caen

1174

January-April Normandy

April 30 Le Mans

May 12 Poitiers

[May] Saintes

June 11 Ancenis

” 24 Bonneville

July 7 Barfleur

” 8 Southampton

” 12, 13 Canterbury

” 14-17 Westminster

” 20, 21 Huntingdon

” 24, 25 Seleham

” [27] Brampton

” 31 Northampton

August 8 Portsmouth
Barfleur

” 11-14 Rouen

September 8 Gisors

” c. 22 Poitiers

” 30 Mont Louis,
near Tours

[October] Falaise

December [c. 1] Falaise

” 8 Valognes

” 25 Argentan

1175

January Anjou

February 2 Le Mans

” 24 Gisors

” 26 Rouen

March Anjou

” 25 Caen

April 1 Bur-le-Roi

” [c. 3] Valognes

” 13 Cherbourg

” 22 Caen

May 8 Barfleur

” 9 Portsmouth

” 18 Westminster

” 28 Canterbury

June 1 Reading

[June] Woodstock

June 24 Oxford

” 29 Gloucester

July 1-8 Woodstock

” 9 Lichfield

August 1 Nottingham

” 10 York

[September] [Stamford]
[Northampton]
London
Windsor

October 8 Windsor

” 31 Winchester

November Windsor

” 26 Eynsham

” c. 30 Winchester

December 25-31 Windsor

1176

January 26 Northampton

March 14 London

April 4 Winchester

May 25 Westminster

” [c. 30] Winchester

[June-August] Clarendon
Ludgershall
Titgrave
Marlborough
Geddington
Nottingham
Feckenham
Bridgnorth
[Shrewsbury]

August 15 Winchester

September 21 Winchester

” 28 Windsor

October, c. 9 Feckenham

” 17 Cirencester

November 12 Westminster

December 24,25 Nottingham

1177

January, c. 15 Northampton

” 20 Windsor

February 2 Marlborough

” 22 Winchester

March 9 Windsor

” 13 Westminster

” [c. 20] Marlborough

April 17 Reading

” 21 Canterbury

” 22 Dover

” 23, 24 Wye

” c. 26 London

May 1 Bury St. Edmunds

” 2 Ely

May Geddington
Windsor
Oxford

” 22 Amesbury

” 29 Winchester

June [c. 10] London

” 11 Waltham

” 12 London

” c. 16 Woodstock

July 1 Winchester

” 9 Stokes, near
Portsmouth

” 10-17 Stanstead, in
Westbourne

July c. 17-August 15 Winchester

August 18 Portsmouth

” 19 Caplevic

September [c. 1] Ivry

” 11 Rouen

” 21 Near Ivry

” 25 Nonancourt

[October] Verneuil
Alençon
Argentan
Berri

” 9 Châteauroux
La Châtre
Limousin
Berri

[November] Graszay
Grammont

December 25 Angers

1178

March 19 Bec-Hellouin

April 9 Angers

July 15 “Dighesmut,”
on English
coast

[July] Canterbury
London

August 6 Woodstock

December 25 Winchester

1179

[January-March] Winchester
Windsor
Gloucester

April 1 Winchester

” 10 Windsor

August 23 Dover
Canterbury

” 26 Dover

” 27 Westminster

[October] Windsor
Worcester

December 25 Nottingham

1180

[January] Oxford

[April] Reading

April [15] Portsmouth
Alençon

” 20 Le Mans

[May] Chinon

June 28 Gisors

[July-September] Quillebœuf
Bonneville
Argentan
Caen
Bur-le-Roy
Valognes
Cherbourg
Tenchebray
Damfront
Mortain
Gorron
Lions-la-Forêt
Driencourt
Falaise

September c. 29 Gisors

December 25 Le Mans

c. 31 Angers

1181

[March] [Ivry]
Grammont

March 5 Valasse

April 5 Chinon

April 27 near Nonancourt

[May] Barfleur

[July] Gisors

July 26 Cherbourg
Portsmouth

[August] Canterbury
Nottingham
Pontefract
York
Knaresborough
Richmond
Lichfield
Feckenham

September 6 Evesham

” 12 Winchester

December 25 Winchester

1182

January 6 Marlborough

[February] [Arundel]

February 21, 22 Bishops Waltham

March, c. 10 Portsmouth
Barfleur

[March-May] Senlis
Poitou
Grammont
St. Yriez
Pierre Buffière

June 24 Grammont

July 1 Perigueux

” c. 6 Limoges

December 25 Caen

1183

January 1 Le Mans

[February] Limoges
Aixe

March 1 Limoges

” 8 Poitiers

March Angers
Mirebeau

April 17-June 24 Limoges
Le Mans

July 3 Angers

December 6 Gisors

” 25 Le Mans

1184

[January-May] Limoges
Evreux
Rouen

June, c. 5 Choisi

” 10 Wissant
Dover
” c. 12 Canterbury

” c. 13 London

July 22 Worcester

” c. 25 Winchester

August 5 Reading

” 16 Woodstock

” c. 21 Dover
Canterbury
London

October 21-23 Windsor

December 1-13 Westminster

” 14 Canterbury

” 15,16 London

” 25 Windsor

” c. 31 Guildford

1185

January 1-6 Winchester

” 25 Melkesham

[February] Chipping
Campden

March [c. 10] Nottingham

” 17 Reading

” 18 Clerkenwell
Westminster

” 31 Windsor

April 10-16 Dover

” 16 Wissant

” 21 Rouen

May 1 Vaudreuil

November 7 Aumâle

” 9 Belvoir

December 25 Damfront

1186

[February] Gisors

March 10, 11 Gisors

April 27 Southampton

” c. 30 Merewell
Winchester

May 25 Eynsham
Oxford

July 1 Northampton

” 15 Feckenham

[July] Carlisle

September 5 Woodstock

” 9-14 Marlborough

October 20 Reading

November 30 Amesbury

December 25, 26 Guildford

1187

January 1 Westminster

February 10 Chilham

” 11 Canterbury

” 14-17 Dover

” 17 Wissant

February 18 Hesdin

” 19 Driencourt

” c. 20 Aumâle

April 5 Gué St. Remy,
near Nonancourt

June 23 Châteauroux

August 28 Alençon

[September] Angers
Brittany
Montreleis

[November] Bur-le-Roy

December 25 Caen

1188

January c. 4 Barfleur

” 13-21 Gisors

” 23 Le Mans

” c. 25 Alençon

” 29 Dieppe

” 30 Winchelsea

[February] Oxford
Northampton

” 11 Geddington
Bury St.
Edmunds

” 29-March 1 Clarendon
[Cirencester]

[March-April] Kingston-on-Thames

[March-April] Winchester
Woodstock

June 5 London

” 14 Geddington

July 10 Portsea

” 11 Barfleur

” [12] Alençon

” 16-18 Gisors

” 30 Mantes

September Ivry

October [c. 1] [Gisors]

” 7 Châtillon

November 18 Bonmoulins

December Guienne

” 25 Saumur

1189

February 1-3 Le Mans

March 20 Le Mans

May 19 Le Mans

June 4-9 La Ferté
Bernard

” 10-12 Le Mans

” 12 Frenelles

” 18 Savigny

July 3 Azay

” 4 Colombier

” 5, 6 Chinon: death
of King
Henry

INDEX

Aaron of Lincoln, Jew, 200

Abacus, the, 206

Abbeys, vacant. _See_ Monasteries, vacant

Abergavenny, 36

Abraham, the Jew, 199

Adelisa, Queen, 95

Adrian IV., Pope, 17, 22-23, 46;
Bull Laudabiliter, 114

Advowsons, 67, 178

Ælnoth, 146

Agen, 243

Aids, 203-5;
Sheriff’s. _See_ Sheriff’s aid

Aixe, 249

Alais, French Princess, 49, 152, 164-65, 168-69, 172

Alais of Savoy, 125

Ale, 226

Alençon,171, 244, 246, 248-49, 251

Alexander III., Pope, 46-47, 79-82, 85-87, 89-90,
94, 101-2, 114-15, 122-23, 158

Allington Cast., 145

Alnwick, 140;
Cast., 134

Amadour, St., 161

Amboise, 92, 245;
Cast., 127

Amesbury, 154, 248, 250

Anagni, Cardinal John of. _See_ John of Anagni

Ancenis, 247

Angers, 244, 248-51

Anglesea, 32

Anglo-Saxon Chron., 237

Angus, Earl of, 140

Anjou, 24, 136, 168, 242, 246-47

---- Fulk, Count of, 2

---- Geoff., Count of, 2-7

---- Geoff. of (d. 1158), 8-9, 16, 24, 44, 204;
Hamelin of. _See_ Warenne, Hamelin of;
Will. of, 16, 22, 62-63, 99

_Annales Angevines_, 238

_Annales Cambriæ_, 238

_Annales Monastici_, 238

_Annals of Loch Cé_, 239

_Annals of the Four Masters_, 239

Appleby, Cast., 131, 137, 147

Aquitaine, 8, 163

Ard-Righ (Irish King), 103

Argentan, 101, 242, 245-49

Arms, Assize of, 218-19

Army, 217-19;
Mercenaries (_see_ Mercenaries);
Scutage (_see_ Scutage)

Arnulf, Bishop of Lisieux. _See_ Lisieux

Arques, 7

Arson, 189

Arundel, 249;
Cast., 131

---- Earl of, 16, 49, 66, 79-80, 127, 135, 213

---- Joscelin of, 95

Aumâle, 250-51

---- Count Will. of, Earl of Yorkshire, 19-20, 131

Aumône, Phil., Abbot of, 65

Auvergne, 47, 93, 172, 244-46

Auvillard, 243

Avalon, Hugh of. _See_ Lincoln, St. Hugh, Bishop of

Avranches, 122, 242-43, 246

Axholme, Cast., 130, 139, 145

Aymary, Phil., 208

Azai, 171, 251

Baillol, Bern. de, 140;
Joscelin de, 83

Baldwin, King of Jerusalem, 163

---- Archd., 55

Bamborough, 136

Bampton, Hon. of, 202

Bandinelli, Cardinal Roland. _See_ Alexander III., Pope

Bangor, Bpric., 30

Bannow, 107

Baptism, Irish custom, 113

Bar, Count of, 141

Barcelona, Raymond Berenger, Count of. _See_ Raymond Berenger

Barfleur, 8, 122, 137, 142, 241-42, 245-47, 249, 251

Barre, Rich., 102

Barri, Gerald de (Giraldus Cambrensis), 38, 106, 166, 214, 226-27, 238-39;
Rob. de, 106

Basingwerk, 31-33, 37, 244

Bath, Bpric., 201

---- Reynold, Bp. of (Archd. of Salisbury), 128

Battle, Walter de Lucy, Abbot of, 52

Battle-axe, the Irish, 103

Bayeux, 88, 243, 245-46

Beauchamp, Hugh de, 132;
William, 6

Beaumont, Ermengarde of. _See_ Ermengarde, Queen of Scotland;
Rich., Visct. of, 164

Beauvais, 46, 243

Bec Hellouin, 243, 248

Bécherell, 245

Becket, Gilb., 54-55;
Mary. _See_ Berking, Mary, Abbess of;
Maud, 54-55;
Roese, 138;
Thos., Archb. of Canterbury. _See_ Canterbury, Thos. Becket, Archb. of

Belvoir, 250

Bennington, Keep, 146

Berenger, 87

Berkeley, Rog., 6

Berkhamstead, 244;
Cast., 131;
Hon. of, 57, 65, 72

Berking, Mary (Becket), Abbess of, 139

Bermondsey, 17, 241

Berry, 167, 248

Berwick, 134;
Cast., 144

Berwyn, Mts. of, 37

Beverley, Provostship, 57

Big, Raymond the. _See_ Raymond the Big

Bigot, Bigod, Hugh, Earl of Norfolk. _See_ Norfolk;
Rog. le, 135

Bishoprics, vacant. _See_ Sees, vacant

Bisset, Manser, 6

Blaye in Guienne, 243

Blois, 159

---- Count of (1188), 8, 47, 101, 127, 167

---- Hen. of. _See_ Winchester, Hen. Bp. of;
Steph. of. _See_ Stephen, King

Blythe, 242

Bohun, Engelger de, 96;
Humph. de, 128, 134-35

Boldon Book, 237

Bonmoulins, 8, 168, 251

Bonneville, 125, 137, 247, 249

Bordeaux, 242

Bosham, Herb. of, 74, 76, 78, 238

Boston, 77

Boulogne, county of, 62

---- Eustace of. _See_ Eustace of Boulogne;
Mary, Ctss. of, 62, 77;
Matthew (of Flanders), Count of, 62, 127, 132;
Will., Count of. _See_ Warenne, Will., Earl of

Bourges, 246

Bourton, 4

Bowes Cast., 131

Boxley, Abbot of, 99

Brabantine mercenaries, 27, 132, 142

Brackley Cast., 145

Brackelond, Jocelin of, 239

Brakespere, Nich. _See_ Adrian IV., Pope

Brampton, 247

Braose, Phil. de, 118;
Will. de, 153

Breifny, 105

Breteuil, 246;
Cast., 132

Breton, Rich. le, 96, 99

Bridgnorth, 242, 247;
Cast., 22

Brightwell Cast., 10

Brill, 242

Bristol, 9, 105, 112, 119;
Cast., 146;
Dublin granted to, 224

Brittany, 24, 44, 47-49, 132-33, 144, 245-46, 251

---- Conan, Count of, 24, 44, 49, 66, 144;
Geoff., Count of (d. 1158). _See_ Anjou, Geoff. of;
Geoff., Count of (d. 1186). _See_ Geoffrey, son of Hen. II;
Hoel, Count of, 24

Broc, Randulf, Ranulf de, 76, 82-83, 93, 135;
Rob. de, 95, 97, 99

Brockenhurst, 242

Broi, Phil. de, 63-64

Brough-under-Stanemore, 137

Brueroles, 245

Brut-y-Tywysogion, 238

Bungay, Cast., 130, 141

Burgundy, Dk. of, 171

Bur-le-Roi, 95, 124, 245-47, 249, 251

Burrell, a cloth, 223

Bury St. Edmunds, 11, 24, 135, 242, 248, 251

Cadwalader, Welsh prince, 26, 33, 36

Caen, 243-47, 249, 251

Caereinion Cast., 38

Caerleon on Usk, Cast., 112

Cahaignes, Ralf de, 199

Cahors, 46, 57

Calculating board. _See_ Abacus

Cambridge, Cast., 131

---- Earldom, 127

Cambridgeshire, 11, 226

Canterbury, 59, 94, 162, 243, 247-50;
Becket’s murder, 95-100;
Cast., 131;
Christ Church Priory, 52, 138, 227;
fire at, 11, 61, 230;
Henry II.’s penance at, 138;
moneyers, 208;
pilgrimages to, 157-58;
St. Augustine’s Abbey, 203

---- Archbpric., 16, 52, 74, 90, 201

---- Bald., Archb. of, 162, 166;
Rich., Archb. of, 128-29, 149, 162;
Theobald, Archb. of, 11, 15, 50, 54-57;
Thos. Becket (St.), Archb. of, Bibliography, 238;
burial, 99-100;
canonisation, 129;
as chancellor, 15, 46, 50-51, 57-58;
consecration as archb., 50-54;
early life, 54-56;
French embassy, 41-43;
Henry II.’s penance at tomb of, 138;
murder, 95-99, 122-24, 153;
pilgrimages to shrine of, 156-58;
struggle with the king, 58-95, 197

---- Geoff. Ridel, Archd. of. _See_ Ely, Geoff. Ridel, Bp. of;
Walt., Archd., 56.

---- Gerv. of, 238;
Will. of, 238

Caplevic, 248

Cardiff, 246;
Cast., 34

Cardigan Cast., 37

Cardigan, dist. of, 33, 35

Carlisle, 6, 40, 127, 242-43, 250;
Cast., 131, 134;
mines, 202, 225;
siege, 136-37, 139

Carmarthen, 34

Carrick Cast., 110-11

Carthusians, 154, 228

Cashel, 246;
Council of, 113-14

Castile, King of, 150

Castles in England, 12, 18-19, 130-31, 145-46, 210;
in Ireland, 118;
in Wales, 28

Ceiriog, valley of the, 36

Champigny, 136

Chancellor, 183

Chastel, Hugh de, 135

Châteaudun, 243

Châteauroux, 164, 167, 248, 251

Châtillon, 167, 243, 251

Chaumont, 48, 245

Cheddar, 242

Cheeses, English, 226

Cherbourg, 44, 243, 247, 249

Chester, 25-26, 37, 242, 244;
Cast., 130;
Irish trade, 224

---- Hugh, Earl of, 66, 126, 130, 132-33, 138, 144;
Ralph, Earl of, 6, 21

Cheyney, Will., 11, 49, 199

Chichester Cast., 131;
fire of (1187), 231

---- Hilary, Bp. of, 52, 65, 73, 75, 79, 82;
Joscelin, Bp. of, 128

Chilham, 250;
Cast., 131

Chinon, 24, 82, 125, 165, 167, 171-72, 242, 244-46, 249, 251

Chipping Campden, 250

Chirk, 36

Choisi-on-the-Loire, 243, 250

Church, the English, 60-61, 63-69, 128, 149-50, 193, 212-13, 234. _See_ also Clarendon, Constitutions of, and Ecclesiastical Courts

---- the Irish, 113-15

---- the Welsh, 30

Churches, 232;
advowsons. _See_ advowsons;
lands granted to, 179

Cider, 226

Cinque Ports, 219-22, 224

Cirencester, 9, 248, 251

Cistercians, 227

Clare, Earl of, 34, 63, 141

---- Rich. of, Earl of Pembroke. _See_ Pembroke

Clarendon, 210, 242, 244, 247, 251;
Assize of, 182-85,187;
Constitutions of, 66-67, 79-81, 86, 89, 122, 177-82;
Council of, 65-69

Cleobury, 242;
Cast., 21

Clerical courts. _See_ Ecclesiastical courts

Clerkenwell, 250

Clifford, Rosamund (Fair Rosamund), 152;
Walt., 33

Clipston, 210

Clondalkin moor, 108

Cloth trade, 147, 223

Cock-fighting, 230

Cogan, Miles de, 108-11, 118;
Rich. de, 111

Coinage, 207-9

Colchester, 24, 222, 242;
Cast., 131

Cologne, Archb. of, 49

Colombier, 171, 251

Combour, 244

Conan, Count of Brittany. _See_ Brittany

Conches, 132, 246

Connaught, King of, 118, 120

Consillt, 31

Constable of England, office, 32

Constance (of Brittany), 144

---- Queen of France, 41

---- French princess. _See_ St. Gilles, Constance, Ctss. of

Constantin, Geoff. de, 130

Constantinople, 150

Constitutional history, 175-93

Conway, 32

Cork, King of, 120

Cornhill, Gerv. of, 93

Cornouaille, 245

Cornwall, cloth manuf., 223;
tin mines, 225

---- Reynold, Earl of, 16, 34, 66, 68, 118, 127, 133, 135, 152

Coronation, 15-17, 41, 51-52, 90-91, 123-24

Coudre, Simon de, 86

Courcy, John de, 116, 121;
Rob. de, 31

Court Christian. _See_ Ecclesiastical courts

Courtmantel, nickname of Hen. II., 173

Coventry, 225

Craon, Maur. de, 173

Cressi, Hugh de, 135

Cricklade, 4, 242

Crioill, Sim. de, 97

Crook, 113

Crowmarsh, 10-11

Crown demesnes, grants of, 18-19, 195

Crusade, 83, 153, 160-61, 163, 165-66, 169, 172, 200

Cumberland, 25

Cumin, John, 83

Customs dues, 224-25

Cynan, Welsh prince, 31

Damfront, 245, 249-50

Damville, 246

Danegeld, 203

David, King of Scotland, 6

---- Scottish prince, 127, 130

---- ap Owain, Welsh King, 31 128, 142

Dean, Forest of, 226

Debts, pleas of, 178

_De Legibus_, 239

Demetia. _See_ Wales, South

_De Principis Instructione_, 239

Derby, Ferrers, Earl of. _See_ Ferrers, Earl

Derbyshire lead mines, 225

Dermot MacMurrogh, King of Leinster, 104-9, 239

Dervorgille, Irish queen, 105

_Descriptio Cambriæ_, 238

Devizes, 6

Devon tin mines, 225

_Dialogue de Scaccario_, 239

Diceto, Ralph de, 238

Dieppe, 251

Dighesmut, 248

Dinan, 245

Dives, Will. de, 127

Dol, 132-33, 244, 246

Domfront, 87

Donnell Kavanagh, Irish prince, 107

Dover, 12, 23, 49, 59, 93, 220, 242-43, 248-50;
Cast., 127, 131, 210

Dover, Prior of, 99;
Rich., Prior of. _See_ Canterbury, Rich., Archb. of

_Draco Novmannicus_, 238

Drausius, St., 82

Drax, Cast., 18

Driencourt, 249-51;
Cast., 131

Drunkenness, 227-28

Dublin, 108-10, 112, 115-17, 224, 246

Duel, judicial, 190-91

Duffield Cast., 130

Dundonuil, 108

Dunham Cast., 130

Dunstable, 12

Dunstanville, ----, 66

Dunstaple, 63

Dunwich, 139

Durham Cast., 130, 141

---- Hugh Puiset, Bp. of, 90, 128, 130, 134, 146, 203

Dynevor, 35

Eastry, 77

Ecclesiastical courts, 60-61, 63-71, 149, 178-82

Edinburgh Cast., 144, 164

Eleanor (dau. of Hen. II.), Queen of Castille, 150

---- (of Aquitaine), Queen of England, 7-8, 24, 40-41,
44-45, 125, 138, 149, 163

Ely, 248;
Bpric., 201

---- Geoff., Ridel, Bp. of (Archd. of Canterbury), 72, 84, 87, 92-93, 128;
Nigel, Bp. of, 195

Emelin Cast., 142

---- dist., 142

Emma, Queen of North Wales, sister of Hen. II., 142

England, Church of. _See_ Church, the English

Epernon Cast., 46

Ermengarde (of Beaumont), Queen of Scotland, 164

Ernald the armourer, 36

Essex, Geoff. de Mandeville, Earl of, 25, 66;
Will. de Mandeville,
Earl of, 96, 127, 153, 171

---- Hen. of, Constable of England, 16, 31-32

Estrepagny, 243

Eu, Count of, 66, 72, 126

Eustace of Boulogne, son of King Stephen, 6-7, 11, 45, 56

---- Master, 55

Eva, Irish princess, 106, 108

Evesham, 11, 242, 249

Evreux, 250;
Bp. of, 102, 124

---- Count of, 46, 126, 151

Exchequer, 194-95, 206-7, 237, 239

Excommunication, 67, 181

Exeter, fire of (1161), 230

---- Bp. of, 52

Exports, 226

_Expugnatio Hiberniæ_, 238

Eye, Hon. of, 57, 65, 72

Eynesford, Will. of, 63, 72

Eynsham, 247, 250

Falaise, 91, 144, 156, 243, 245, 247, 249;
Cast. of, 136

Fantosme, Jordan, 239

Farms (firmæ) of counties and honours, 196

Faye, Ralph de, 125-26

Fécamp, 243

Feckenham, 247-50

Ferns, 109

Ferrers, Earl, 66, 126, 130, 142, 145, 176

Final concords. _See_ Fines

Finance, 194-211, 236

Fines, payments, 198-202

---- (final concords), 186-87

Fires, 230

Firmæ. _See_ Farms

Fitz-Audelin, Will., 114, 118

Fitz-Bernard, Rob., 113, 116-17

Fitz-Count, Brian, 10

Fitz-Ercenbald, Will, 202

Fitz-Gerald, Dav., Bp. of St. David’s. _See_ St. David’s;
Maur., 107;
Warin, 16

Fitz-Godebert, Rich., 106

Fitz-Harding, Rob., 105

Fitz-Henry, Meiler, 106, 110, 116

Fitz-Herbert, Herb., 118;
Will., 118

Fitz-John, Eustace, 31;
Will., 96

Fitz-Neal, Rich., 239

Fitz-Nigel, Will., 97

Fitz-Peter, Sim., 63-64, 66

Fitz-Richard, Rog., 134

Fitz-Stephen, Rob., 37, 106, 110-11, 113, 116-18;
Will., 74-75, 228, 238

Fitz-Urse, Reynold, 96-98

Flanders, Count of, 12, 16, 59, 62, 77, 127, 131-32,
139, 150, 153, 159, 162, 167, 171;
Ctss. of, 12;
Matthew of. _See_ Boulogne, Matthew, Count of

Flemeng, Steph. le, 119

Flemings;
banishment, 146-47;
clothworkers, 223-24;
heretics, 83;
mercenaries, 17, 119, 136;
in rebellion of the young king, 134-36,139, 141;
Welsh colony, 17

Foliot, Gilb., Bp. of London (Bp. of Hereford). _See_ London;
Rob., Bp. of Hereford. _See_ Hereford

Fontevrault Abbey, 154, 173

Forest laws, 147-49, 188, 205

Forest, Assize of the, 191-93

Forgery, 189

Fornham-St. Geneveve, battle of, 117, 135

Fougères, 244

---- Ralph of, 132-33, 144

_Four Masters, Annals of the._ See _Annals of the Four Masters_

Framlingham Cast., 130, 135, 141, 146

Frank pledges, 185

Frascati, 102

Frederic I., Emperor, 41, 46, 80-81, 150, 159

Freeholds, actions concerning, 190;
succession to, 189-90

Frenelles, 251

Fresnai, 170

Fréteval, 91, 243

Fugitive criminals, 185

Fyrd, 217

Galloway, 164, 204

Gaols, 185

Gascony, 244-45

Geddington, 166, 247-48, 251

Geoffrey, son of Hen. II.;
birth, 45;
Brittany acquired, 49, 144;
death, 121, 164;
marriage, 49, 144;
quarrels with Richard, 160, 163;
rebellion, 126, 133

---- illegitimate son of Hen. II. (Bp. of Lincoln),
128, 139, 156, 170-71, 173

Gerard, heretic, 83

_Gesta Henrici_, 238

---- _Stephani_, 237

Gilbertines, 228

Gilds, 223, 225

Giraldus Cambrensis. _See_ Barri, Gerald de

Gisors, 44, 47, 117, 129, 133, 143, 164-65, 242, 244, 246-47, 249-51;
elm of, 165, 167

Glamorgan, 34

Glanville, Ranulph de, 119, 140, 146, 186, 239

Glastonbury Abbey, 201, 231

Glendalough, 107

Gloucester, 119, 225, 242, 244, 247-48;
Cast., 21, 146

---- Rob., Earl of, 3-4;
Will Earl of, 5, 33-34, 72, 127, 146, 151;
Ctss. of, 34

---- Isabel. _See_ Isabel (of

Gloucester), wife of King John

Godred, King of Man, 41

Godstow Abbey, 152

Gorram, 246

Gorron, 249

Gospatric, son of Orm, 137, 147

Gower, 34

Grammont, 248-49;
monastery of, 160, 228

Grand Assize, the, 190

Grantham, 77

Graszay, 248

Gratian, Cardinal, 87

Gravelines, 78

Grim, Edw., 98, 238

Groby Cast., 130, 142, 145

Grosmont, 36

Gruffudd, of South Wales, 33

Guerberoi, 243

Gué St. Remy, 251

Guienne, 49, 243-44, 251

Guildford, 250

_Guillaume le Maréchal_, 239

Gundeville, Hugh de, 96

Guy, King of Jerusalem, 165

Gwynedd, Owain, King of North Wales. _See_ Owain Gwynedd

Harbottle, fortress, 137

Harcourt, Ivo de, 199

Hasculf Torkil’s son, 108, 111-12

Hastings, 220-21;
Cast., 131

---- Rich, de, 68

Haughley Cast., 135

Haverfordwest, 246

Haverholme, 77

Hawking, 214-15

Heddé, 245

Henry V., Emperor, 1

Henry I., King of England, 2-3, 33, 191

Henry II., arms of, 173;
Becket controversy, 50-102, 138, 140, 153-54;
birth, 3;
children of, _see_ Geoffrey, Henry, Joan, John, Maud, Richard, William;
coronation, 16, 41;
death, 173;
description of, 14-15, 213-14, 234-35;
England acquired by, 4-13, 25;
financial policy, 194-211;
foreign policy, 40-49, 150-53, 158-59, 164-72;
Ireland in reign of, 23, 103-21;
itinerary, 241-51;
legal and constitutional work, 175-93;
marriage, 8;
military organisation under, 217-19;
navy of, 219-22;
rebellion against, 19-22, 122-44, 160-62, 167-72;
Welsh wars of, 26-39

Henry, son of Henry I., 33

---- son of Hen. II., King, at Avranches, 123;
Becket and, 51, 65, 96;
birth, 21;
Brittany under, 49;
coronation, 51, 90, 124;
court at Bur-le-Roi, 124;
death, 161-62;
fealty sworn to, 22, 51;
French King aided by, 159;
marriage, 42, 44, 47;
rebellion, 116, 125-44;
tournaments, 215;
war with Richard, 160

---- Dk. of Saxony, 49, 150, 159

---- (of Blois), Bp. of Winchester. _See_ Winchester

---- of Pisa, Cardinal, 47, 51

Heraclius, Patriarch of Jerusalem. _See_ Jerusalem

Hereford Cast., 21

---- Archd. of, 168

---- Gilb. Foliot, Bp. of. _See_ London, Gilb. Foliot, Bp. of;
Rob. Foliot, Bp. of (Archd. of Lincoln), 128;
Rob. of Melun, Bp. of, 65, 81

---- Rog., Earl of, 6, 21

Herefordshire, vineyards, 226

Heretics, 83

Hertford Cast., 131

---- Earl of, 66, 151

Hesdin, 251

Hilliricourt, 243

Holy Trinity, Feast of. _See_ Trinity Sunday

Houses, 231-32

Hoveden, Rog. of, 238

Howel, Welsh prince, 112

Hugh (of Lincoln), St. _See_ Lincoln,

Hugh, Bp. of

Huitdeniers, Osbern, 55

Humet, Rich, de, 16, 96

Humez, Will, de, 132

Hunting, 214-15

Huntingdon, 247;
Cast., 130, 137, 139, 141, 145;
weavers, 223

---- Earldom, 25, 127, 139

---- Hen. of, 237

Hussey, Hen., 6

Hythe, 220-21

Ilchester, Rich. of. _See_ Winchester, Rich.
of Ilchester, Bp. of (Archd. of Poitiers)

Industries. _See_ Trade and Industries

Interdict, 67, 88-89, 101-2, 152

Ipres, Will. of, 17

Ipswich, 11

Ireland, bibliography, 238-39;
conquest, 16, 22-23, 104-21;
description, 103-4;
trade with, 224

Irish Church. _See_ Church, the Irish

Iron industry, 225-26

Isabel (of Gloucester), wife of King John, 151

_Itinerarium Cambriæ_, 238

Itinerary of Hen. II., 241-51

Ivry, 248-49, 251;
Conference at, 152-53

Jedburgh Cast., 144

Jerusalem, fall of, 165;
King of, 41, 165

---- Heraclius, Patriarch of, 162-63

Jews, 199-200, 218

Joan (dau. of Hen. II.), Queen of Sicily, 150-51

John (son of Hen. II.), besieged at Châteauroux, 164;
birth, 49;
grants to, 144;
Ireland under, 118-21;
marriage schemes for, 125, 151-52, 169;
Norman castles reserved for, 171;
rebellion, 172;
war with Richard, 163, 170

---- of Anagni, Card., 169

---- the Wode, 111-12

Jordan, castellan at Malmesbury, 10

Jorweth ap Owain, 112

Jorwerth the Red, 36-37

Jousts. _See_ Tournaments

Jury, trial by. _See_ Trial by jury

Justices, itinerant, 182-84, 189

Justiciar, 183

Kavanagh, Donnell, Irish prince. _See_ Donnell

Kenilworth Cast., 131

Kent, 127, 226

Kildare, 116

Kingston-on-Thames, 251

Kirkby Cast., 145

Knaresborough, 249;
Cast., 99

Knight service, 217-18

La Châtre, 248

Lacy, Hugh de, 116-18, 120-21, 132

La Ferté Bernard, 168, 245, 251

La Haye, 136

La Haye, Ralph de, 139

L’Aigle, Richer of, 8, 55, 66

La Mote Garnier, 245

Laudabiliter, Bull, 114-15

Lauder Cast., 130

Lead mines, 225-26

Legal codes, 177-93

Legge, Rob., 97

Leicester, 131, 133, 142;
Cast., 130-31, 133, 142, 145

---- Ctss. Peronelle of, 135-36;
Rob., Earl of (d. 1168), 6, 15-16, 66, 68, 75-76, 126;
Rob., Earl of (d. 1190), 126-27, 130, 132-36, 138, 144, 146-47

Leicestershire, Bertram de Verdon, Sheriff of. _See_ Verdon

Leinster, 104, 106, 109, 111, 116-17

Le Mans, 44, 166, 168-70, 174, 243-47, 249-51

Lenton Priory, 21

Leon, 245

Les Andelys, 48

Lesnes, priory of, 158

Lichfield, 247, 249

Liddel fortress, 137

Lillebonne, 243

Limerick, 117-18;
King of, 120

Limoges, 125, 160, 242-43, 246, 249-50

Limousin, 248

Lincoln, 21, 77, 241-42, 244;
aid paid by, 203-4;
Cast., 131;
cath., 56;
local tradition, 40;
weavers, 223

---- Bpric. of, 201

---- Bp. of, 63-64, 199, 203;
Geoffrey, Bp. of. _See_ Geoff., illegitimate son of Hen. II.;
St. Hugh (of Avalon), Bp. of, 154-57, 239

---- Rob. Foliot, Archd. of. _See_ Hereford, Rob. Foliot, Bp. of

---- Aaron of, Jew. _See_ Aaron of Lincoln

Lions la-Forêt, 243, 249

Lisbon expedition, 220

Lisieux, Archd. of, 74, 102

---- Arnulf, Bp. of, 65, 82, 102, 122, 128

Llandaff, Archd. of, 114

---- bpric., 30

Llantilis, 36

Llewellyn, Alexander, 73

_Loch Cé, Annals of._ _See Annals of Loch Cé_

Loches, 245

London, 12, 21, 129, 242-45, 247-48, 250-51;
aid paid by, 203;
Bridge, 225;
Fitz-Stephen’s account of, 228-31;
gilds, adulterine, 225;
Rouen’s trading privilege, 224;
St. Mary le Strand, ch., 56;
St. Paul’s Cath., 56, 87;
Tower, 57, 131;
weavers, 223

---- bpric., 52

---- Gilb. Foliot, Bp. of (Bp. of Hereford), 50,
54, 59, 65, 74-75, 79, 81, 87, 90, 93-94, 102, 138

Longchamp, Will., 168

Loudun, 24, 125, 242

Louis VII., King of France;
alliances with Hen. II., 13, 44, 152-53;
Becket protected, 79, 86, 89, 101;
death, 158;
Hen. II.’s homage to, 24;
marriages, 7-8, 41, 47;
pilgrimage to
Canterbury, 157-58;
rebellions against Hen. II. supported, 124-26, 132-33, 136, 142-43;
wars with Hen. II., 6-9, 46-49

Luci, Rich. de, appointed justiciar, 16;
at Council of Clarendon, 66;
death, 158;
defeat near Oxford, 11;
election to see of Canterbury held, 52;
excommunication of, 82, 87;
nicknames, 84, 128;
renounces allegiance to Becket, 78;
writ suspending forest laws produced, 148;
young king’s rebellion resisted, 127-28, 133-34

Ludgershall, 247

Lusignan, Geoff. de, 126;
Guy de, 126, 165

MacDonnchadh, King of Ossory, 111

Mackelan, 107

MacMurrogh, Dermot, King of Leinster. _See_ Dermot

Madog of Powys, 36

Maine, 24, 168, 244, 246

Malannai, 143

Malcolm, King of Scotland, 25, 40-41, 45

Malmesbury Cast., 9

Malory, Ansketil, 142

Malzeard Cast., 130, 139, 145

Man, Isle of, 41

Mandeville, Earl Will. de. _See_ Essex, Will, de Mandeville, Earl of

Manor-houses, 231-32

Mantes, 7, 167, 251

Manuel, Emperor of Constantinople, 150

Map, Walt. _See_ Oxford, Walt. Map, Archd. of

Marchers, Lords, 28, 38-39

Marches, Hugh de Mortimer, lord of the. _See_ Mortimer

Margaret, Queen (French princess), 41-42,
44, 47, 90-91, 124, 138, 157, 164

Mark, 207

Marlborough Cast., 144, 244, 247-50;
Council at, 81

Marshal, John the, 70-71, 75;
Will. the, 127, 129, 161, 168-70, 173, 215-16

Martel, 161

Mary, dau. of King Stephen. _See_ Boulogne, Mary, Ctss. of

Masci, Hamo de, 130, 145, 147

Matthew, Master, 4

Matthew of Flanders. _See_ Boulogne, Matthew, Count of

Mauclerc, Hugh, 99

Maud, Empress, 1-5, 18, 23, 48, 50, 81, 85

---- Dchss. of Saxony, dau. of Hen. II., 24, 49, 80

Maurienne, Hub., Count of, 125, 151

Mauvoisin, Will., 96

Meath, 116

Melkesham, 250

Melun, Rob. of. _See_ Hereford, Rob. of Melun, Bp. of

Mercenaries, 17, 27, 36, 45, 119, 129, 132, 136, 142, 194

Merewell, 250

Merionethshire, 37

Merton Priory, 55

Meulan, Count of, 126

Miles, son of the Bp. of St. David’s, 106

Milford Haven, 112, 119, 246

Militia, 217-19

Mines, 225-26

Mirabeau, 24, 125, 242, 250

Monasteries, 226-28, 239;
vacant, 149, 178, 201

Money, 207-9

Moneyers, 208

Money-lending, 199-200

Mont Dieu, Prior of, 86

Montferrand, 125, 246

Montfort Cast., 46

---- Hugh de, 32;
Rob. de, 31-32

Montgomery, 36

Mont Louis, 247

---- Lucon, 246

Montmartre, 89, 245

Montmirail, 86, 245

Montmorency, Hervey de, 106, 108, 117

Montreleis, 251

Mont St. Michel, 243-44

Montsoreau, 9

Morgan, Welsh prince, 29

Morin, Ralph, 97

Mortain, 127, 249

Mort d’Ancestor, Assize of, 190

Mortimer, Hugh de, lord of the Welsh marches, 21-22, 199

Mortimer-en-Lions, 243

Morville, Moreville, Hugh de, 96, 98-99, 137;
John de, 137;
Rich. de, 130, 137, 140

Mountsorel Cast., 130, 142

Mowbray, Rog., 126, 130, 136, 139-40, 142, 145

Munfichet, Gilb., 141

Munster, 111, 117-18

Murder, amercement for, 199;
punishment of clerks for, 150

Mutilation, 184, 189

Nantes, 24, 44, 242, 245

Nant Pencarn, stream, 34

Navarre, King of, 150

Navy, 219-22

Néaufles Cast., 47

Neckam, Alex., 239

Nest, Welsh princess, 33

Neufbourg, 243

Neufchâtel, 245;
Cast., 47

Neufmarché, 46, 243

Nevers, Bp. of, 89

Newburgh, Will. of, 238

Newcastle, 140;
Cast., 131, 134

Newnham, 112

Newport, 246

Nonancourt, 248-49, 251

Norfolk, Hugh Bigot, Earl of, deprived of castles, 25;
excommunicated, 87;
fine paid, 199;
high steward, 16;
in rebellion of the young king, 126, 130, 134-36, 139, 141;
re-created earl, 20

Norham Cast., 130, 141

Normandy, 4, 6-7, 23, 171, 242-47

Northallerton Cast., 130, 141, 146

Northampton, 20, 25, 65, 130, 141, 241-44, 246-48, 250-51;
aid paid by, 203;
battle at, 142;
Council
of, 70-77;
St. Andrew’s Priory, 73

Northampton, Earl of, 127, 139

---- Assize of, 189

Northamptonshire, iron industry, 225

Northumberland, 25, 127, 133-34

---- Hen., Earl of, 6

North Wales. _See_ Wales, North

Norway, 41

Norwich, 242;
aid paid by, 203-4;
capture of, 139;
Cast., 24, 131

---- Bp. of, 67, 151

Nottingham, 21, 147, 241-42, 247-50;
Cast., 131, 144, 210;
plundered, 11;
sack of, 142;
weavers, 223

Novel Disseisin, Assize of, 185-86, 189

O’Brien, King of Munster, 111

O’Conor, Roderic, Irish Ard-Righ. _See_ Roderic O’Conor;
Turlogh, Irish Ard-Righ. _See_ Turlogh

Octavian. _See_ Victor III., Pope

O’Dempsey, 116

Odrone, Pass of, 110

Offaly, 116

Offelan, 107

Ongar, 242

Ordeal of battle, _see_ Duel, judicial;
of water, 184

Oreford Cast., 131

Orewell, 139

O’Rourke, Tiernan, King of Breifny. _See_ Tiernan

Ossory, King of, 107, 111

Oswestry, 36, 244

Otford, Ch., 56

O’Toole, 107;
Lawr., Archb., 108-9

Otto, Cardinal, 84

Owain Cyveliog, Welsh prince, 36-37

---- Gwynedd, King of North Wales, 26, 29, 31-33, 35-38

Oxford, 12, 19, 65, 241, 243-44, 247-51;
battle, 11;
Cast., 131, 210;
weavers, 223

---- Walt. Map, Archd. of, 214, 227, 239

---- Aubrey de Vere, Earl of, 23

Oxford, John of. _See_ Salisbury, John of Oxford, Dean of

Pacey, 8, 167, 245

Pagham, man., 70

Painel, Gerv., 145, 147

Paris, 43-44, 242

Patric, Will., 132

Pavia, Cardinal Will. of. _See_ William

Paynel, Fulk, 202

Peak, The, 25, 131, 242, 244

Peasantry, 212, 232-33

Pembroke, 112-13, 246

---- Eva, Ctss. of. _See_ Eva, Irish princess;
Gilb., Earl of, 4;
Rich., Earl of, 49, 106, 108-12, 116-18

Pembrokeshire, 35

Pencader, 34

Penny, silver, 207

Perche, 245

---- Count of, 48

Périgueux, 243, 249

Peterborough, 241;
abbey, 21

---- Abbot Benedict of, 238

Pevensey Cast., 4, 24, 55

Peverel, Will., 21

Philip II., Augustus, King of France; 157-59, 162-69, 171-72

Pierre Buffière, 249

Pipe Rolls, 236

Pisa, Cardinal Henry of. _See_ Henry

Planches, 85

Plinlimmon, Mts. of, 34

Poer, Rob. le, 118;
Will. le, 119

Poitiers, 243-44, 247, 250

---- Richd. of Ilchester, Archd. of.
_See_ Winchester, Richd. of Ilchester, Bp. of

Poitou, 8, 48-49, 137, 144, 160, 163, 242, 245, 249

Pomeray, Jolland de la, 118

Pontefract, 249

Ponthieu, 245

---- Count of, 48, 126

Pontigny, 81-83

Pont l’Evêque, Rog. of, Archb. of York. _See_ York

---- Orson, 246

Porchester, 244;
Cast., 131

Porhoet, 245

Port, Ad. de, 136, 140, 202

Portfinnan, 246

Portsea, 251

Portsmouth, 90, 122, 242, 245-49

Portugal, King of, 162

Pound (in money), 207-9

Powys, 27, 36, 244

Prendergast, Maur., 106-8, 111, 117

Prestatyn, Cast., 38

Preuilly, 136

Prices, 209

Prudhoe Cast., 131, 139

Puiset, Bp. Hugh. _See_ Durham, Hugh Puiset, Bp. of

Quency, Rob. de, 116

Quillebœuf, 249

Quincy, Saer de, 96

Radnor, 34

Ramsey, 21, 241

Rastel, Rog., 119

Raymond Berenger, Count of Barcelona, 45

---- the Big, 108-10, 117-18

Reading, 31-32, 243-44, 247-50;
Cast., 10

_Red Book of the Exchequer_, 237

Redon, 244

Regan, Morice, 106, 108, 239

Relief, a death duty, 201-2

Rennes, 244

Reynold, Archd. of Salisbury, Bp. of Bath. _See_ Bath

Rheims, Archb. of, 150, 171

---- Council of (1148), 56

Rhuddlan, 32-33, 35-36, 38, 244

Rhys (ap Gruffudd), King of South Wales, 33-38, 106, 112, 128, 142

---- Gwrgant ap, 29

Richard I., son of Henry II., besieged at Châteauroux, 164;
birth, 40;
cross assumed by, 166;
Hen. II.’s fortune dissipated, 211;
King, 173;
marriage scheme, 49, 152, 164, 168;
rebellions, 126, 133, 137, 143-44, 165, 168-72;
wars with brothers,
160, 163;
war with Philip of France, 166-67;
war with Toulouse, 166

Richard, Prior of St. Martin’s. _See_ St. Martin’s, Rich., Prior of

---- Strongbow, 127, 238

Richmond (Yorks.), 249;
Cast., 131

---- Conan, Earl of. _See_ Brittany, Conan, Count of

Ridel, Geoff., Bp. of Ely--Archd. of Canterbury. _See_ Ely

Robert, Duke of Normandy, 1

Rochelle, la, 162

Roche Mabille, 244

Rochester, 95;
Cast., 127, 131

---- Bp. of, 52, 90

Rochfort Cast., 46

Roderic O’Conor, Irish Ard-Righ, 107-10, 113, 115

Roger, Archb. of York. _See_ York

Romney, 69, 220

Romsey, Mary, Abbess of. _See_ Boulogne, Mary, Ctss. of

Roquemadour, 161, 245

Rosamund, Fair. _See_ Clifford, Rosamund

Rotrou, Archb. _See_ Rouen, Rotrou, Archb. of

Rouen, 44, 129, 131, 133, 152, 242-48, 250;
siege, 142-43;
surrender to Geoff. of Anjou, 4;
trading privilege in London, 224

---- Rotrou, Archb. of, 81, 89, 102, 124

---- Etienne of, 238

Roxburgh Cast., 144

Rufus, Guy, 154

Rye, 221

Sackville, Nigel de, 93

Saintes, 137, 217

St. Alban’s Abbey, 176

St. Asaph, bpric., 30

St. Barbe, 246

St. David’s, 113, 115, 246

St. David’s, bpric., 30

St. David’s, Dav. Fitz-Gerald, Bp. of, 113

St. Denis, 245

St. Edmunds, Abbot of, 199

St. Germain-en-Laye, 245

St. Giles, fair of, Winchester, 223

St. Gilles, 151

St. Gilles, Count of, 45;
Ctss. of, 45

St. Hilaire, Hasculf de, 127, 132

St. John, John, 6

St. Machaire, 245

St. Malo, 245

St Martin’s, Rich., prior of, 94

St. Mary of Wigford, ch., 40

St. Michael’s Mount, 44

St. Omer, 242;
St. Bertin, Mon., 77-78

St. Omer, Otes, or Tostes, de, 68, 141

St. Yriez, 249

Saladin, 165

---- tithe, 166

Salisbury, 242-43

---- Reynold, Archd. of. _See_ Bath, Reynold, Bp. of

---- Bp. of, 67, 87, 90, 93-94, 102

---- John of Oxford, Dean of, 80, 83-84, 93-94, 102

---- Earl of, 6, 66, 127

---- John of, 22-23, 238

Saltwood, 95, 99;
Cast., 96, 145

---- Hon. of, 93

Sandwich, 93, 220, 222

Sarthe R., 169

Saumur, 242, 251

Savigny, 122, 246, 251

Savoy, 125

Saxony, Hen., Dk. of. _See_ Henry

Scandinavians, 108, 111-12

Scarborough, 60, 225, 241;
Cast., 20

Scotland, vassalage to England, 144;
war with, 134, 136, 139-40, 239

Scutage, 204-5, 217-18

Sees, vacant, 149, 178, 201

Séez, 245;
Bp. of, 82

Selby, 147

Selby, Fulk of, 147;
Will. of, 147

Seleham, 141, 247

Sempringham, Gilb. of, 228

---- Priory, 77

Senlis, 249

Sens, 69, 79, 87

Sens, Archb. of, 101-2

Sheriffs, 184-85, 187-88, 196-98, 206-7

Sheriff’s aid, 61-62, 197-98

Ships, 219, 221

Shipway, The, 221

Shrawardine, 36

Shrewsbury, 244, 247

Shropshire lead mines, 225

Sicily, 150-51

Silver mines, 202, 225

Skating, 230

Skenfrith, 36

Smithfield horse fair, 229

Society during the reign, 212-35

Soissons, 82

_Song of Dermot and the Earl_, 239

Son of Orm, Gospatric. _See_ Gospatric

Southampton, 58, 222, 242-44, 247, 250;
Cast., 131

South Wales. _See_ Wales, South

Spalding Priory, 21

Stamford, 247;
Cast., 11

Stanstead, 248

Stephen, King, agreement with Hen. II., 12;
death, 13;
forests relinquished by, 191;
grants by, 17-19;
Henry II.’s war with, 3-6, 9-11;
Lincoln tradition defied, 40;
money, 207;
revenues, 195

Stirling Cast., 144

Stockport Cast., 130

Stokes, 248

Strongbow. _See_ Richard Strongbow

Stuteville, Rob. de, 128, 140, 146;
Rog. de, 134, 136

Surrey, Hamelin, Earl of, _see_ Warenne, Hamelin, Earl of;
Will., Earl of, _see_ Warenne, Will., Earl of

Talacharn, 246

Tallies, 207

Tamworth, Ralph of, 83-84

Tancarville, Will. de, 126, 214

Tenants-in-chief, ecclesiastical, 178;
excommunication of, 67, 181

Tenchebray, 249

Tewkesbury, 242

---- Alan of, 238

Theobald, Archb. of Canterbury. _See_ Canterbury

Thetford, 242;
Cast., 145

Thirsk Cast., 130, 139, 142, 145

Thomas of Canterbury, St. _See_ Canterbury, Thos. Becket, Archb. of

Thomond, King of, 118

Thorney, 241;
Abbey, 21

Thouars, 44, 242, 244

Tiernan O’Rourke, King of Breifny, 105, 112

Tin mines, 225-26

Tinténiac, 245

Titgrave, 247

_Topographia Hibernica_, 238

Torigny, Rob. of, 237

Torkil’s son, Hasculf. _See_ Hasculf

Toulouse, 45-46, 57, 204, 243

---- Count of, 166

Touques, 244

Touraine, 168, 242

Tournaments, 215-16

Tours, 171, 244-45, 247

---- Steph. of, 169

Tracy, Will. de, 96, 98

Trade and industries, 222-26

Tregoz, Rob., 127

Trenchemer, Will., 32

Trial by jury, 179-80, 190-91

Trihan, Will., 173

Trinity Sunday, 53

Turlogh O’Conor, Irish Ard-Righ, 105

Turville, Geoff. de, 145

Tutbury Cast., 130, 142, 145

Tyre, Archb. of, 165

Ugoccione, Cardinal, 149

Ullerwood Cast., 130

Ulster, 113, 116, 121

Umfraville, Odinell (al), de, 128, 139-40

Urban III., Pope, 121, 165

Usurers. _See_ Money-lending

Uzerche, 243

Vagabonds, 185

Valasse, 249

Valognes, 245-47, 249

Vannes, 245

Vaudreuil, 250

Vaux, Hub. de, 6;
Rob. de, 134, 137, 139

Vendome, 245-46

Venedotia. _See_ Wales, North

Verdon, Bertram de, 146

Vere, Aubrey de, Earl of Oxford. _See_ Oxford

Verneuil, 132, 246, 248

Vesci, Will. de, 128, 134, 136, 140

Vexin, the, 7, 243-44;
Norman, 47

Vézelay, 172;
abbey of, 82

Victor III., anti-Pope, 46, 80-81

Viel, John le, 176

Vigeois, 246

Villeins, 233;
ordination of, 67

_Vita Hugonis_, 239

Vivian, Cardinal, 87

Wales, bibliography, 238;
Church, _see_ Church, the Welsh;
crusade preached in, 166;
description, 26-30;
mercenaries, 45, 48, 142;
wars in, 30-39, 51, 112

---- North (Venedotia), 27, 242

---- South (Demetia), 27, 106

Wallingford, 10, 22, 242-43;
Cast., 10, 131

Waltham, 248

---- Bishops, 249

---- Abbey, 153-54

Walton, 134;
Cast., 131, 134, 146

Wareham, 6, 9

Warenne, Hamelin, Earl, 62, 76, 127;
Isabel, Ctss., 62;
Will., Earl, 11-14, 24, 62

---- Reynold de, 49, 93

Wark, 136;
Cast., 131, 134

Warkworth Cast., 134

Warwick Cast., 11, 131

---- Earl of, 6;
Gundreda, Ctss. of, 11;
Ctss. of, 202

Waterford, 108, 110-13, 116-20, 246;
synod of, 114-15

Weavers, 223

Wells, 242

Welsh Church. _See_ Church, the Welsh;
mercenaries. _See_ Wales, mercenaries; wars

Westbourne, 248

Westminster, 23, 51, 150, 241-45, 247-50;
Abbot of, 199;
Council at (1163), 64

Westmoreland, 25, 127, 134

Weston Cast., 145

Wexford, 107, 110-13, 115-18, 246

Wigmore, 242;
Cast., 21

William (the Lion), King of Scotland
(1173), 127, 133-34, 136-37, 139-40, 143-44, 164, 166

---- King of Sicily, 150

---- son of Henry II., 22

---- grandson of Hen. II., 157

---- son of Rob. of Normandy, 1

---- son of King Stephen. _See_ Warenne, Will., Earl of

---- of Pavia, Cardinal, 47, 84

Winchelsea, 221, 251

Winchester, 12, 22, 94, 124, 166, 241-42, 246-51;
Cast., 131;
description, 222-23;
fires, 230-31

---- bpric., 201

---- Hen., Bp. of, 3, 11, 22, 52, 56-57, 71, 73, 95, 112, 203;
Rich. of Ilchester, Bp. of (Archd. of Poitiers), 80, 83, 87, 128, 137

Windsor, 242-45, 247-50;
Cast., 131

Wine trade, 222, 226

Wisbeach, Cast., 131

Wissant, 93, 242, 250

Witham Priory, 154-55, 214

Woodstock, 35, 40, 105, 155, 164, 192, 197, 210, 242, 244, 247-48, 250-51

Wool, 226

Worcester, 41, 223, 242, 249-50;
Cast., 131

---- Bp. of, 79, 102, 124, 162

Wurzburg, 80

Wye, 248

Yarmouth, 220

York, 146-47, 241, 243, 247, 249;
aid paid by, 203;
Cast., 131

---- archbpric., 74, 201

---- Rog. of Pont l’Evêque, Archb.
of, 52, 56, 65, 69, 74, 79, 90-91, 93-94, 149, 158, 203

---- Lefwin of, 199

Yorkshire, lead mines, 225

---- Earl of. _See_ Aumâle, Will., Ct. of

Yvor the Little, 33-34

Printed by BALLANTYNE, HANSON & CO.
at Paul’s Work, Edinburgh

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Later writers, anxious to depreciate Henry II. even to the extent of making him illegitimate, and his mother a bigamist, retailed a legend to the effect that the Emperor Henry V. had not died at this time, but had retired secretly into a monastery: Giraldus Cambrensis, _Op._ viii. 300.

[2] Mr. Round (_Feudal England_, 491-4) rejects the “Invasion of 1147,” of which the only mention is the account given in the _Gesta Stephani_, and considers that the events recorded relate to Henry’s visit in 1149. He is undoubtedly right in pointing out that the chronicler confused Henry’s unwarlike cousin, Earl William of Gloucester, with his loyal uncle, Earl Robert, making the latter refuse to give that help which, had he then been living, he would certainly have rendered to the utmost of his ability. On the other hand, what we know of Henry’s visit to England in 1149 is quite inconsistent with the wretched fiasco described in the _Gesta_, and when Mr. Round argues that “the statement that Henry applied for help to his mother by no means involves ... her presence in England at the time,” it is difficult to follow his argument. Had Henry applied for money to any one outside England it would presumably have been to his father, and, moreover, in 1149 the empress could not have been in straitened circumstances.

[3] See list of witnesses to charter executed at Devizes on 13th April, 1149: _Sarum Charters_ (Rolls Ser.), 16.

[4] The connection between Louis and Eleanor was very distant, but a literal observance of the Canon Law would have invalidated the marriages of half the nobility of Europe.

[5] It is not quite certain when Richard de Luci was associated with the Earl of Leicester in the justiciarship, but the earl was clearly Chief Justiciar until his death in 1168, and may have held the superior position by priority of appointment.

[6] Nicholas Brakespere, the only Englishman to attain the papacy, was elected pope and took the title of Adrian IV. in December 1154.

[7] Roger of Hoveden mentions in particular the Yorkshire castle of Drax as one of the last of many destroyed by Stephen.

[8] After his description of Earl William’s great castle of Scarborough, William de Neuburgh adds that when in course of time it fell into decay, King Henry rebuilt it. It is rather surprising to find how soon this occurred, but the Pipe Roll for 1159 shows £111 spent “on the works of the castle of Scardeburc,” and £70 spent on the works of the “tower” (_turris_), a term which Mr. Round has shown to imply a keep. Next year £94, 3s. 4d. was spent on the keep, and the following year £107, 6s. 8d. on the castle.

[10] The claim of the popes to the sovereignty over islands was based upon the forged “Donation” of Constantine.

[11] This payment of 500 marks, entered under Essex on the lost Pipe Roll for the first year of Henry II., is copied into the _Red Book of the Exchequer_.

[12] There are numerous references to the “nova terra” of Earl Warenne on the Pipe Roll 4 Henry II.

[13] According to the _Brut y Tywysogion_ (p. 109), an English governor on one occasion took certain action, “knowing the manners of the people of the country, that they would all be killing one another.”

[14] Many of these were probably merely positions of advantage strengthened with ditch and wooden stockade.

[15] See Round, _Commune of London_, 281.

[16] Details of these proceedings are to be found on the Pipe Rolls, 11 and 12 Henry II.

[17] In justice to Henry it must be remembered that the mutilation or execution of hostages was the natural outcome of the rebellion of those for whose good conduct they were sureties. A hostage who cannot be punished for the sins of those whom he represents is merely a useless expense to his keeper.

[18] The Pipe Roll, 12 Henry II., shows both these princes on good terms with the English.

[19] The Pipe Roll for 8 Henry II. shows “60s. paid to William Cade for gold for the crown of the king’s son, and for preparing the regalia,” and the Roll for the twelfth year records the expenditure of 7s. “for carrying the regalia of the king’s son into Normandy.” It would also seem (see below, p. 91) that the pope issued a commission for the Archbishop of York to crown the young prince.

[20] Gervase of Canterbury (_Opera_, i. 171) says that Thomas instituted the feast of the Holy Trinity. It would seem that the Sunday following Whitsunday was already sacred to the Trinity, but that he gave to the feast a position which it had not held before in England, and which it did not attain on the Continent till a much later date.

[21] The legend that the mother of Thomas was the daughter of a Saracen emir into whose hands Gilbert Becket had fallen during a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, and that, after helping Gilbert to escape, she followed him to London, is of late date and absolutely without foundation.

[22] The actual salary of the chancellor was 5s. a day, but the perquisites of the office, including the gifts which those who required his favour had to make, were great. Becket himself was said, by Foliot, to have paid “many thousand marks” for the office.

[23] Translation from one see to another, except in the case of promotion to the primacy, was extremely rare, and almost unheard of, in England at this time.

[24] A small point, not without significance as an indication of character, is observable in the gradual degradation of the royal oath. The Conqueror swore “by the splendour of God,” Henry “by the eyes of God,” Richard “by the body” or “by the thighs of God,” and John “by the feet,” or even “by the nails, of God.”

[25] Isabelle de Warenne had been the wife of William, son of King Stephen, the cousin of William of Anjou. The connection being through the Empress Maud there was no obstacle to her marriage, afterwards effected, with Hamelin, the illegitimate son of Geoffrey of Anjou.

[26] Their names occur as owing these sums “pro plegio archiepiscopi” on the Pipe Roll, 11 Henry II.

[27] The claim of the northern archbishops to have their cross carried before them within the province of Canterbury was a continual source of dispute for several centuries, leading to many undignified scenes.

[28] See Pipe Roll, 16 Henry II.

[29] See Pipe Roll, 12 Henry II.

[30] For a discussion of the authenticity of this letter of Pope Adrian, see Round, _The Commune of London_, 171-200, and, on the other side, Orpen, _Ireland under the Normans_, i. 312-8.

[31] This province had been previously offered to Herbert and William Fitz-Herbert, half-brothers of Earl Reynold of Cornwall, and Jolland de la Pomeray, but they had wisely declined the gift.

[32] The Pipe Roll, 19 Henry II., shows an expenditure of £32, 6s. 5d. for the king’s maintenance at Northampton for four days; and it would seem that he travelled without luggage, as over £72 was spent at the same time on the outfit which the sheriff provided for the king. None of the chroniclers notice this flying visit, but the evidence appears to favour the end of June as the most probable date.

[33] All the authorities agree as to the rapidity of Henry’s dash to Dol. Presumably he had with him only a small mounted escort.

[34] The Pipe Roll of 21 Henry II. shows a pension of 33s. 4d. paid to her for the last quarter of the twentieth year. She seems to have died in 1188, as the pension was then paid to her son John.

[35] “Fair Rosamund” was buried at Godstow Abbey, where the king set up a wonderfully carved monument to her memory. As we find fifty marks paid “for work at Godstow” in 1177, the first of a number of similar payments, it is probable that she had been buried there the previous year.

[36] She was apparently still alive in 1181, when a small allowance was made her, the sum of 66s. 8d. paid “matri G. cancellarii ad eam sustentandam” appearing amongst the charges on the bishopric of Lincoln.

[37] It is interesting to observe that Matthew Paris assigns to the young king Henry a shield of arms,--per pale gules and sable, three golden leopards; _Chron. Maj._ (Rolls Ser.), vi. 473. This bears every mark of being an exceptionally early instance of differencing, and makes it more than probable that Henry II. bore the red shield with the three golden leopards, which has ever since been the arms of England.

[38] As for instance in the case of the disputed privileges of the abbey of St. Alban’s, when his examination of their charters and his comments thereon showed remarkable painstaking ability: _Gesta Abbatum S. Albani_ (Rolls Ser.) i. 145-155. Another case, reported in still greater detail, is the suit between the Bishop of Chichester and the Abbot of Battle: _Chron. of Battle Abbey_ (ed. Lower), 78-115. For an instance of the king’s appreciation of legal technicalities, see _ibid._, 182.

[39] The Pipe Roll for 31 Henry II. records a fine of 500 marks imposed on the Bishop of Durham for holding a plea touching the advowson of a church in Court Christian.

[40] An instance of a difficult case being referred by the justiciar to King Henry occurs in the _Chron. Mon. de Abingdon_ (Rolls Ser.), ii. 229.

[41] Instances of the blessing of the ordeal pits occur in the Pipe Rolls. In 1166, for instance, 10s. was paid to two priests for blessing the pits (_fossarum_) at Bury St. Edmunds, and in Wiltshire 5s. was paid for preparing the pools (_polis_) for the ordeal of thieves, and 20s. to priests for blessing the same pools. As early as 1158 the sheriff of Wiltshire accounted for making “the pools of the moneyers,” and in 1175 in Hampshire there were payments made for “blessing the ordeal pits (_fossis iuisse_), and the cost of doing justice on the peasants who burnt their lord.”

[42] _Engl. Hist. Rev._, xxv. 709.

[43] The fragmentary return to the Inquest of Sheriffs made from the Earl of Arundel’s lands in Norfolk has been printed as an appendix to the _Red Book of the Exchequer_ in the Rolls Series, but was first identified by Mr. Round.

[44] See Round, _Commune of London_, 229-233.

[45] In connection with the “sheriff’s aid” there is an interesting entry in the _Chronicle of Abingdon_ (ii. 230), which relates that a former abbot had granted the sheriff 100s. yearly to protect the interests of the abbey’s tenants. The later sheriffs had continued to draw the money while doing nothing for it, and Abbot Ingulf refused to continue the payment, lest it should become established as a custom. The matter was brought before King Henry, who gave his decision in the abbot’s favour. The survey of the manors belonging to the canons of St. Paul’s in 1181 shows that the payments due to the sheriff from the different manors varied from 6d. to 4s. on the hide.

[46] The numerous references to Jews on the Pipe Rolls and in contemporary chronicles have been brought together in Jacobs’ _The Jews of Angevin England_. Examples of their dealings with monastic houses may be found in Jocelin of Brakelond’s _Chronicle_, relating to St. Edmund’s Abbey, and in the _Gesta Abbatum_ concerning St. Alban’s, while an idea of their importance to the litigant in want of ready money for legal expenses may be gathered from Richard of Anstey’s famous story of the costs of his lawsuit (translated in Hall’s _Court Life of the Plantagenets_), in which he accounts for some seventeen different loans, amounting in all to £87, on which he paid £53 for usury.

[47] The tally, the precursor of the counterfoil, was a wooden stick on the edge of which the sum paid was indicated by a series of cuts or notches, the various sizes of which indicated definite sums. The stick being split parallel to its face, each party to the payment retained one portion, with its edge thus significantly notched, and the genuineness of either portion could at once be proved by putting the two together, when the notches would be found to tally.