Chapter X: Arrangement of Vascular Bundles

Types of fibro-vascular bundles 292
Radial vascular bundles 292
Concentric vascular bundles 295
Collateral vascular bundles 295
Bi-collateral vascular bundles 298
Open collateral vascular bundles 298

INDEX

TABLE OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE
FIG. 1. Tripod Magnifier 4
FIG. 2. Watchmaker’s Loupe 4
FIG. 3. Folding Magnifier 4
FIG. 4. Reading Glass 4
FIG. 5. Steinheil Aplanatic Lens 5
FIG. 6. Dissecting Microscope 5
FIG. 7. Compound Microscope of Robert Hooke 8
FIG. 8. Compound Microscope 10
FIG. 9. Abbé Condenser 11
FIG. 10. 11
FIG. 11. 11
FIG. 12. Objectives 11
FIG. 13. 12
FIG. 14. 12
FIG. 15. Eye-Pieces. 12
FIG. 16. Pharmacognostic Microscope 12
FIG. 17. Research Microscope 14
FIG. 18. Special Research Microscope 14
FIG. 19. Greenough Binocular Microscope 15
FIG. 20. Polarization Microscope 16
FIG. 21. Ocular Micrometer 19
FIG. 22. Stage Micrometer 19
FIG. 23. Micrometer Eye-Piece 20
FIG. 24. Micrometer Eye-Piece 21
FIG. 25. Mechanical Stage 22
FIG. 26. Camera Lucida 22
FIG. 27. Camera Lucida 22
FIG. 28. Drawing Apparatus 23
FIG. 29. Microphotographic Apparatus 24
FIG. 30. Micro Lamp 27
FIG. 31. Paraffin-embedding Oven 30
FIG. 32. Paraffin Blocks 31
FIG. 33. Hand Microtome 31
FIG. 34. Hand Cylinder Microtome 34
FIG. 35. Hand Table Microtome 34
FIG. 36. Base Sledge Microtome 35
FIG. 37. Minot Rotary Microtome 36
FIG. 38. Reagent Set 39
FIG. 39. Measuring Cylinder 40
FIG. 40. Staining Dish 40
FIG. 41. Round Cover Glass 44
FIG. 42. Square Cover Glass 44
FIG. 43. Rectangular Cover Glass 44
FIG. 44. Glass Slide 44
FIG. 45. Histological Forceps 45
FIG. 46. Forceps 45
FIG. 47. Sliding-pin Forceps 45
FIG. 48. Dissecting Needle 46
FIG. 49. Scissors 46
FIG. 50. Scalpels 47
FIG. 51. Turntable 47
FIG. 52. Slide Box 48
FIG. 53. Slide Tray 48
FIG. 54. Slide Cabinet 49

PLATE 1 THE ONION ROOT 56
PLATE 2 LEAF EPIDERMIS 60
PLATE 3 LEAF EPIDERMIS 61
PLATE 4 TESTA EPIDERMAL CELLS 64
PLATE 5 TESTA CELLS 65
PLATE 6 PAPILLÆ 68
PLATE 7 UNICELLULAR SOLITARY HAIRS 70
PLATE 8 CLUSTERED UNICELLULAR HAIRS 71
PLATE 9 MULTICELLULAR UNISERIATE NON-BRANCHED HAIRS 73
PLATE 10 MULTICELLULAR MULTISERIATE NON-BRANCHED HAIRS 75
PLATE 11 MULTICELLULAR UNISERIATE BRANCHED HAIRS 76
PLATE 12 NON-GLANDULAR MULTICELLULAR HAIRS 78
PLATE 13 MULTICELLULAR MULTISERIATE BRANCHED HAIRS 79
PLATE 14 MULTICELLULAR MULTISERIATE BRANCHED HAIRS 81
PLATE 15 MULTICELLULAR MULTISERIATE BRANCHED HAIRS 82
PLATE 16 PERIDERM OF CASCARA SAGRADA (_Rhamnus purshiana_,
D.C.) 84
PLATE 17 MANDRAKE RHIZOME and WHITE CINNAMON 86
PLATE 18 PERIDERM OF WHITE OAK (_Quercus alba_, L.) 87
PLATE 19 CRYSTAL-BEARING FIBRES OF BARKS 91
PLATE 20 CRYSTAL-BEARING FIBRES OF BARKS 93
PLATE 21 CRYSTAL-BEARING FIBRES OF LEAVES 94
PLATE 22 BRANCHED BAST FIBRES 95
PLATE 23 POROUS AND STRIATED BAST FIBRES 97
PLATE 24 POROUS AND NON-STRIATED BAST FIBRES 98
PLATE 25 NON-POROUS AND STRIATED BAST FIBRES 99
PLATE 26 NON-POROUS AND NON-STRIATED BAST FIBRES 101
PLATE 27 GROUPS OF BAST FIBRES 102
PLATE 28 WOOD FIBRES 105
PLATE 29 CATNIP STEM and MOTHERWORT STEM 107
PLATE 30 COLLENCHYMA CELLS 108
PLATE 31 BRANCHED STONE CELLS 110
PLATE 32 POROUS AND STRIATED STONE CELLS 113
PLATE 33 POROUS AND NON-STRIATED STONE CELLS 114
PLATE 34 CINNAMON, RUELLA ROOT, CASCARA and CINNAMON 115
PLATE 35 CROSS-SECTIONS OF ENDODERMAL CELLS OF 117
PLATE 36 LONGITUDINAL SECTIONS OF ENDODERMAL CELLS 119
PLATE 37 HYPODERMAL CELLS 120
PLATE 38 CROSS-SECTION OF SARSAPARILLA ROOT (_Smilax
officinalis_, Kunth) 123
PLATE 39 ROOT HAIRS (Fragments) 124
PLATE 40 ANNULAR AND SPIRAL VESSELS 129
PLATE 41 SPIRAL VESSELS 130
PLATE 42 SCLARIFORM VESSELS 132
PLATE 43 RETICULATE VESSELS 133
PLATE 44 PITTED VESSELS 134
PLATE 45 VESSELS 135
PLATE 46 SIEVE TUBE 137
PLATE 47 RADIAL LONGITUDINAL SECTION OF WHITE SANDALWOOD
(_Santalum album_, L.) 140
PLATE 48 KAVA-KAVA ROOT and WHITE PINE BARK 143
PLATE 49 BLACK INDIAN HEMP and BLACK INDIAN HEMP ROOT 145
PLATE 50 LATEX VESSELS 146
PLATE 51 PARENCHYMA CELLS 148
PLATE 52 GRINDELIA STEM (longitudinal) and GRINDELIA STEM
(cross-section) 149
PLATE 53 ACONITE STEM and PEPPERMINT STEM 152
PLATE 54 TYPES OF STOMA 153
PLATE 55 LEAF EPIDERMI WITH STOMA 155
PLATE 56 BELLADONNA LEAF, DEER TONGUE LEAF and WHITE PINE LEAF 156
PLATE 57 ELDER BARK 159
PLATE 58 INTERCELLULAR AIR SPACES 160
PLATE 59 IRREGULAR INTERCELLULAR AIR SPACES 161
PLATE 60 GLANDULAR HAIRS 165
PLATE 61 STALKED GLANDULAR HAIRS 167
PLATE 62 CALAMUS RHIZOME and WHITE PINE BARK 169
PLATE 63 CANELLA ALBA BARK and KLIP BUCHU LEAF 170
PLATE 64 BITTER ORANCE PEEL and WHITE PINE LEAF 171
PLATE 65 CINNAMON, CALUMBA, PARENCHYMA, SARSAPARILLA,
LEPTANDRA, QUEBRACHO, BLACKBERRY 174
PLATE 66 MUCILAGE AND RESIN 175
PLATE 67 CROSS-SECTION OF SKUNK-CABBAGE LEAF (_Symplocarpus
fœtidus_, [L.] Nutt.) 177
PLATE 68 RESERVE CELLULOSE 180
PLATE 69 RESERVE CELLULOSE 181
PLATE 70 STARCH 186
PLATE 71 STARCH 187
PLATE 72 STARCH 189
PLATE 73 STARCH 190
PLATE 74 STARCH 191
PLATE 75 STARCH GRAINS 192
PLATE 76 STARCH MASSES 193
PLATE 77 INULIN (_Inula helenium_, L.) 195
PLATE 77_a_ ALEURONE GRAINS 199
PLATE 78 MICRO-CRYSTALS 201
PLATE 79 RAPHIDES 203
PLATE 80 ROSETTE CRYSTALS 204
PLATE 81 INCLOSED ROSETTE CRYSTALS 206
PLATE 82 SOLITARY CRYSTAL 207
PLATE 83 SOLITARY CRYSTALS 208
PLATE 84 SOLITARY CRYSTALS 209
PLATE 85 SOLITARY CRYSTALS 211
PLATE 86 SOLITARY CRYSTALS 212
PLATE 87 ROSETTE CRYSTALS AND SOLITARY CRYSTALS OCCURRING IN 213
PLATE 88 CYSTOLITHS 214
PLATE 89 CROSS-SECTION OF ROOT OF SPIGELIA MARYLANDICA, L. 220
PLATE 90 RUELLIA ROOT (_Ruellia ciliosa_, Pursh.). 222
PLATE 91 CROSS-SECTION OF RHIZOME OF SPIGELIA MARYLANDICA, L. 224
PLATE 92 CROSS-SECTION OF RHIZOME OF RUELLIA CILIOSA, Pursh. 225
PLATE 93 POWDERED SPIGELIA MARYLANDICA, L. 228
PLATE 94 POWDERED RUELLIA CILIOSA, Pursh. 229
PLATE 95 CROSS-SECTION OF STEM OF SPIGELIA MARYLANDICA, L. 234
PLATE 96 CROSS-SECTION OF STEM OF RUELLIA CILIOSA, Pursh. 236
PLATE 97 POWDERED HOREHOUND (_Marrubium vulgare_, L). 238
PLATE 98 SPURIOUS HOREHOUND (_Marrubium peregrinum_, L.) 239
PLATE 99 POWDERED INSECT FLOWER STEMS (_Chrysanthemum
cinerariifolium_, [Trev.], Vis.) 240
PLATE 100 CROSS-SECTION OF BUCHU STEMS (_Barosma betulina_
[Berg.], Barth, and Wendl.) 243
PLATE 101 BUCHU STEM and LEPTANDRA RHIZOME 244
PLATE 102 POWDERED BUCHU STEMS (_Barosma betulina_ [Berg.],
Barth. and Wendl.). 246
PLATE 103 CROSS-SECTION OF UNROSSED WHITE PINE BARK (_Pinus
strobus_, L.) 249
PLATE 104 POWDERED WHITE PINE BARK (_Pinus strobus_, L.) 251
PLATE 105 CROSS-SECTION OF QUASSIA WOOD (_Picræna excelsa_
[Sw.], Lindl.) 255
PLATE 106 TANGENTIAL SECTION OF QUASSIA WOOD (_Picræna
excelsa_ [Sw.], Lindl.) 256
PLATE 107 RADIAL SECTION OF QUASSIA WOOD (_Picræna excelsa_
[Sw.], Lindl.) 257
PLATE 108 CROSS-SECTION OF KLIP BUCHU JUST OVER THE VEIN 261
PLATE 109 POWDERED KLIP BUCHU 263
PLATE 110 CROSS-SECTION MOUNTAIN LAUREL (_Kalmia latifolia_,
L.) 265
PLATE 111 CROSS-SECTION TRAILING ARBUTUS LEAF (_Epigæa
repens_, L.) 266
PLATE 112 POWDERED INSECT FLOWER LEAVES 268
PLATE 113 SMOOTH-WALLED POLLEN GRAINS 271
PLATE 114 SPINY WALLED POLLEN GRAINS 272
PLATE 115 PAPILLÆ 275
PLATE 116 PAPILLÆ OF STIGMAS 276
PLATE 117 PAPILLÆ OF STIGMAS 277
PLATE 118 POWDERED CLOSED INSECT FLOWER 279
PLATE 119 POWDERED OPEN INSECT FLOWER 281
PLATE 120 POWDERED WHITE DAISIES (_Chrysanthemum
leucanthemum_, L.) 283
PLATE 121 CROSS-SECTION OF CELERY FRUIT (_Apium
graveolens_, L.) 286
PLATE 121 CROSS-SECTION OF CELERY FRUIT (_Apium
graveolens_, L.) 286
PLATE 123 CROSS-SECTION SWEET ALMOND SEED 290
PLATE 124 CROSS-SECTION OF A RADIAL VASCULAR BUNDLE OF
SKUNK CABBAGE ROOT 293
PLATE 125 CROSS-SECTION OF A PHLOEM-CENTRIC BUNDLE OF
CALAMUS RHIZOME (_Acorus calamus_, L.) 294
PLATE 126 CROSS-SECTION OF A CLOSED COLLATERAL BUNDLE OF
MANDRAKE STEM (_Podophyllum peltatum_, L.) 286
PLATE 127 BI-COLLATERAL BUNDLE OF PUMPKIN STEM (_Curcurbita
pepo_, L.) 297